Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-68-72
O. Abuldinova
Introduction. As a result of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, almost 74.9 thousand people died of pneumonia in Russia in 2021. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is accompanied by a systemic response of the body to inflammation in the lung tissue and disorder of microhemocirculation. The method of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) allows assessing the general parameters of the microcirculatory bed and determining the state of various factors regulating the nutritive flow.Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of LDF indices in patients with COVID-19- associated and bacterial CAP.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined, 100 of them with non-severe CAP (main group), and 40 patients with extrapulmonary pathology (comparison group). The main group included 44 people with bacterial CAP and 56 people with COVID-19-associated CAP. Bacteriological studies of sputum were performed; detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in swabs from the oropharynx and nasopharynx by PCR, LDF to assess the state of peripheral blood flow was carried out.Results. In patients with COVID-19-associated CAP, compared with patients with bacterial CAP, a decrease in the microcirculation index by 1.26 times (p<0.0005), an increase in the coefficient of variation by 1.11 times (p<0.0005) was found.Conclusion. In patients with COVID-19-associated CAP, compared with patients with bacterial CAP, more significant pathological changes in Dopplerograms were detected, which may indicate more pronounced disorders in the microcirculatory bed in COVID-19-associated CAP caused by exposure to the SARS-COV- 2 virus. Perhaps the established fact can lead to adverse outcomes of the course of the disease.
{"title":"Features of laser Doppler flowmetry in patients with bacterial and viral (covid-19) community-acquired pneumonia","authors":"O. Abuldinova","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-68-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-68-72","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. As a result of the coronavirus infection (COVID-19) pandemic, almost 74.9 thousand people died of pneumonia in Russia in 2021. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is accompanied by a systemic response of the body to inflammation in the lung tissue and disorder of microhemocirculation. The method of laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) allows assessing the general parameters of the microcirculatory bed and determining the state of various factors regulating the nutritive flow.Aim. To conduct a comparative analysis of LDF indices in patients with COVID-19- associated and bacterial CAP.Materials and methods. 140 patients were examined, 100 of them with non-severe CAP (main group), and 40 patients with extrapulmonary pathology (comparison group). The main group included 44 people with bacterial CAP and 56 people with COVID-19-associated CAP. Bacteriological studies of sputum were performed; detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in swabs from the oropharynx and nasopharynx by PCR, LDF to assess the state of peripheral blood flow was carried out.Results. In patients with COVID-19-associated CAP, compared with patients with bacterial CAP, a decrease in the microcirculation index by 1.26 times (p<0.0005), an increase in the coefficient of variation by 1.11 times (p<0.0005) was found.Conclusion. In patients with COVID-19-associated CAP, compared with patients with bacterial CAP, more significant pathological changes in Dopplerograms were detected, which may indicate more pronounced disorders in the microcirculatory bed in COVID-19-associated CAP caused by exposure to the SARS-COV- 2 virus. Perhaps the established fact can lead to adverse outcomes of the course of the disease.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"197 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76953465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-138-148
Yefei Li, Wei Zhang, Xue Chen, Chenyou Pang
{"title":"Analysis of drug therapy for bronchial asthma","authors":"Yefei Li, Wei Zhang, Xue Chen, Chenyou Pang","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-138-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-138-148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73310319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-129-137
I. Kovalenko, Y. K. Denisenko, T. Novgorodtseva, N. Bocharova, U. M. Omatova
Introduction. At present, the mechanisms of the processes of resolving chronic inflammation in asthma are not fully understood. A search for new pharmacological preparations and substances for the treatment and control of the course of asthma is required. Promising in this direction are N-acylethanolamines (NAE) of polyunsaturated fatty acids - bioactive lipid molecules that exhibit many signaling functions. NAEs are capable of influencing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and are also appear to be a substrate for the synthesis of pro-permissive lipid signaling molecules. This review collects data on NAE, provides an overview, biosynthesis, and describes their anti-inflammatory effects.Aim. Summarizing the data of domestic and foreign researchers on the possibility of NAE in the treatment of respiratory diseases on the example of bronchial asthma.Materials and methods. The review uses data from articles published in PubMed, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.Results. The study and compilation of literature on this issue made it possible to conclude that synthetic NAEs are promising pharmacological objects for asthma therapy, however, further testing of the anti-inflammatory effects of NAEs and the establishment of the molecular mechanism of their action on inflammation processes are needed.
{"title":"Prospects for the pharmacological application of N-acyle-thanolamines of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the therapy of respiratory diseases on the example of bronchial asthma","authors":"I. Kovalenko, Y. K. Denisenko, T. Novgorodtseva, N. Bocharova, U. M. Omatova","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-129-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-129-137","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. At present, the mechanisms of the processes of resolving chronic inflammation in asthma are not fully understood. A search for new pharmacological preparations and substances for the treatment and control of the course of asthma is required. Promising in this direction are N-acylethanolamines (NAE) of polyunsaturated fatty acids - bioactive lipid molecules that exhibit many signaling functions. NAEs are capable of influencing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines and are also appear to be a substrate for the synthesis of pro-permissive lipid signaling molecules. This review collects data on NAE, provides an overview, biosynthesis, and describes their anti-inflammatory effects.Aim. Summarizing the data of domestic and foreign researchers on the possibility of NAE in the treatment of respiratory diseases on the example of bronchial asthma.Materials and methods. The review uses data from articles published in PubMed, Google Scholar, eLIBRARY.Results. The study and compilation of literature on this issue made it possible to conclude that synthetic NAEs are promising pharmacological objects for asthma therapy, however, further testing of the anti-inflammatory effects of NAEs and the establishment of the molecular mechanism of their action on inflammation processes are needed.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90077844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-80-90
I. Gorikov
Aim. To assess the morphological structure of cotyledons with non-contrasted blood vessels in the placentas in women who had an exacerbation of mono- and mixed cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) in the second trimester of pregnancy.Materials and methods. The histometric parameters of the villi were studied with different visualization on X-ray phlebograms of blood vessels in 112 cotyledons of placentas in women with pregnancy, uncomplicated and complicated by mono- and mixed-CMVI (combination of CMVI and reactivation of chronic herpes virus infection type 1 HSV). The first group (control) included 36 cotyledons with a clear contrasting of the vascular bed in the placentas from women with an uncomplicated gestational period. The main group was represented by 76 cotyledons: subgroup 2a - 24 cotyledons, in which the bloodstream was not detected, in placentas from patients with exacerbation of mono-CMVI associated with chronic subcompensated placental insufficiency (CSPI); subgroup 2b - 16 cotyledons with blood vessels not diagnosed by X-ray phlebography, in placentas from women with mixed CMVI infection, initiating the development of CSPI; subgroup 3a - 21 cotyledons with non-contrasted bloodstream in placentas from patients with exacerbation of mono-CMVI and chronic decompensated placental insufficiency (CDPI); subgroup 3b - 15 cotyledons with a similar angiographic picture in placentas from women who had an exacerbation of mixed CMVI in the second trimester of gestation and CDPI. Identification of cotyledons with a clear visualization of blood vessels and with a non-contrasted vascular bed in the marginal part of the placenta was carried out by dosed administration of minium on linseed oil (1:3) through the vein of umbilical cord and assessment of the angiographic picture on X-ray, which were obtained using the RUM-20M apparatus with X-ray image amplifier Sapphire (Russia). For histological analysis, tissue pieces were taken in the same places before and after injection of the contrast mass into the bloodstream of the organ, on the damaged areas of which clamps were applied.Results. In the first group, the cotyledons had clear contours of the blood vessels and the vein draining them. Avascular villi (AV) accounted for 2.05±0.22%, villi with syncytiocapillary membranes (SCM) - 33.5±2.41%, villi with one (1) SCM - 77.1±2.07%, with two (2) SCM - 20.9±1.98% and with three (3) SCM - 1.42±0.09%. In subgroup 2a, compared with the first group, there was a deformation of the lumen of the vein of the stem villi of the I and II order, in which erythrocyte aggregates, single leukocytes and rarely thrombi were determined, as well as signs of edema and partial desquamation of endotheliocytes, fibrinoid and inflammatory changes in the vessel wall. The number of AV increased (by 6.87 times, p<0.001) and the number of villi with SCM decreased (by 2.05 times, p<0.001) with no significant differences between villi with 1, 2, and 3 SCM. In subgroup 2b, in compariso
{"title":"Morphological structure of cotyledons with non-contrasted blood vessels in the placenta of women who had an exacerbation of mono- and mixed-cytomegalovirus infection in the second trimester of pregnancy","authors":"I. Gorikov","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-80-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-80-90","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the morphological structure of cotyledons with non-contrasted blood vessels in the placentas in women who had an exacerbation of mono- and mixed cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI) in the second trimester of pregnancy.Materials and methods. The histometric parameters of the villi were studied with different visualization on X-ray phlebograms of blood vessels in 112 cotyledons of placentas in women with pregnancy, uncomplicated and complicated by mono- and mixed-CMVI (combination of CMVI and reactivation of chronic herpes virus infection type 1 HSV). The first group (control) included 36 cotyledons with a clear contrasting of the vascular bed in the placentas from women with an uncomplicated gestational period. The main group was represented by 76 cotyledons: subgroup 2a - 24 cotyledons, in which the bloodstream was not detected, in placentas from patients with exacerbation of mono-CMVI associated with chronic subcompensated placental insufficiency (CSPI); subgroup 2b - 16 cotyledons with blood vessels not diagnosed by X-ray phlebography, in placentas from women with mixed CMVI infection, initiating the development of CSPI; subgroup 3a - 21 cotyledons with non-contrasted bloodstream in placentas from patients with exacerbation of mono-CMVI and chronic decompensated placental insufficiency (CDPI); subgroup 3b - 15 cotyledons with a similar angiographic picture in placentas from women who had an exacerbation of mixed CMVI in the second trimester of gestation and CDPI. Identification of cotyledons with a clear visualization of blood vessels and with a non-contrasted vascular bed in the marginal part of the placenta was carried out by dosed administration of minium on linseed oil (1:3) through the vein of umbilical cord and assessment of the angiographic picture on X-ray, which were obtained using the RUM-20M apparatus with X-ray image amplifier Sapphire (Russia). For histological analysis, tissue pieces were taken in the same places before and after injection of the contrast mass into the bloodstream of the organ, on the damaged areas of which clamps were applied.Results. In the first group, the cotyledons had clear contours of the blood vessels and the vein draining them. Avascular villi (AV) accounted for 2.05±0.22%, villi with syncytiocapillary membranes (SCM) - 33.5±2.41%, villi with one (1) SCM - 77.1±2.07%, with two (2) SCM - 20.9±1.98% and with three (3) SCM - 1.42±0.09%. In subgroup 2a, compared with the first group, there was a deformation of the lumen of the vein of the stem villi of the I and II order, in which erythrocyte aggregates, single leukocytes and rarely thrombi were determined, as well as signs of edema and partial desquamation of endotheliocytes, fibrinoid and inflammatory changes in the vessel wall. The number of AV increased (by 6.87 times, p<0.001) and the number of villi with SCM decreased (by 2.05 times, p<0.001) with no significant differences between villi with 1, 2, and 3 SCM. In subgroup 2b, in compariso","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"364 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84907724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-33-39
O. Kotova, D. Gassan, D. Naumov, I. Sugaylo, Y. Gorchakova
Introduction. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels expressed on many cells, including macrophages, are an attractive target for pharmacological modulation for the treatment of various diseases. At the same time, currently available data on the functional role of TRP on macrophages are scarce.Aim. To establish the effect of TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels on the production of cytokines by macrophages during pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) polarization.Materials and methods. Macrophages were obtained from monocytes of 8 healthy donors by differentiation in the presence of GM-CSF or M-CSF. Cell polarization was achieved by adding to the culture medium 100 ng/ml LPS + IFN-y 20 ng/ml (M1) or IL-4 20 ng/ml (M2) for 24 h. In order to modulate TRP activity, cinnamaldehyde 100 цМ (TRPA1 agonist), HC-030031 100 цМ (TRPA1 blocker), WS-12 10 цМ (TRPM8 agonist), or RQ-00434739 1 цМ (TRPM8 blocker) were used.Results. It was found that during M1 polarization TRPA1 channels inhibited the production of CXCL10, and TRPM8 increased the level of IL-8. Under polarization to the М2 phenotype, TRPA1 suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-ie, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-12p70 and IFN-y, and TRPM8 did not significantly affect the levels of the analyzed mediators.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that in terms of cytokine production by macrophages, TRPA1 has a predominantly anti-inflammatory effect, while TRPM8 shows a limited influence, which come to the regulation of IL-8 synthesis.
{"title":"Modulating effect of TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels on cytokine production by pro- and anti-inflammatory macrophages","authors":"O. Kotova, D. Gassan, D. Naumov, I. Sugaylo, Y. Gorchakova","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-33-39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-33-39","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels expressed on many cells, including macrophages, are an attractive target for pharmacological modulation for the treatment of various diseases. At the same time, currently available data on the functional role of TRP on macrophages are scarce.Aim. To establish the effect of TRPA1 and TRPM8 channels on the production of cytokines by macrophages during pro-inflammatory (M1) and anti-inflammatory (M2) polarization.Materials and methods. Macrophages were obtained from monocytes of 8 healthy donors by differentiation in the presence of GM-CSF or M-CSF. Cell polarization was achieved by adding to the culture medium 100 ng/ml LPS + IFN-y 20 ng/ml (M1) or IL-4 20 ng/ml (M2) for 24 h. In order to modulate TRP activity, cinnamaldehyde 100 цМ (TRPA1 agonist), HC-030031 100 цМ (TRPA1 blocker), WS-12 10 цМ (TRPM8 agonist), or RQ-00434739 1 цМ (TRPM8 blocker) were used.Results. It was found that during M1 polarization TRPA1 channels inhibited the production of CXCL10, and TRPM8 increased the level of IL-8. Under polarization to the М2 phenotype, TRPA1 suppressed the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-ie, TNF-a, IL-6, IL-12p70 and IFN-y, and TRPM8 did not significantly affect the levels of the analyzed mediators.Conclusion. The obtained results indicate that in terms of cytokine production by macrophages, TRPA1 has a predominantly anti-inflammatory effect, while TRPM8 shows a limited influence, which come to the regulation of IL-8 synthesis.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90193244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-24-32
D. Naumov, I. Sugaylo, D. Gassan, O. Kotova, Y. Gorchakova, E. Sheludko
Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pathology accompanied by a progressive and irreversible deterioration in airway patency. It is known that macrophages of the respiratory tract are actively involved in the reorganization of the extracellular matrix leading to the development of bronchial remodeling.Aim. To assess the relationship between the progression rate of bronchial obstruction in COPD, the expression of TRP channels on alveolar macrophages, and the levels of inflammatory markers in the respiratory tract.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 37 patients with COPD, including 23 people with a FEV1 deterioration >50 ml/year and 14 with FEV1 decline <50 ml/year. The expression of TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1, TRPM8 channels was determined on alveolar macrophages by flow cytometry. Analysis of cytokines was performed in sputum supernatant by multiplex assay on a flow cytometer.Results. It was found that in patients with progressive bronchial obstruction TRPV4 expression was significantly increased: 14.2 (10.8; 23.4)% vs. 8.6 (3.6; 15.4)% (p=0.03). In addition, in the general group of patients a highly significant inverse correlation was found between TRPV4 expression and the dynamics of FEV1 (p=-0.52, p<0.001). Patients with a decrease in FEV1 >50 ml/year were characterized by significantly elevated levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-17A, IL-10, IL-12p70, CXCL10 and MCP-1. Additionally, we found that concentrations of several cytokines were directly correlated with TRPV4 expression on macrophages: IL-4 (p=0.51, p=0.001), CXCL10 (p=0.59, p<0.001), MCP-1 (p=0.56, p<0.001), TGF-ei (p=0.42, p=0.009), IFN-y (p=0.37, p=0.02).Conclusion. TRPV4 channels expressed on alveolar macrophages are involved in the inflammatory process and airway remodeling in COPD, which is manifested by their relationships with the level of certain cytokines production, as well as the rate of the progression of bronchial obstruction.
{"title":"Peculiarities of TRP channels expression and cytokine profile of sputum in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and progressive bronchial obstruction","authors":"D. Naumov, I. Sugaylo, D. Gassan, O. Kotova, Y. Gorchakova, E. Sheludko","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-24-32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-24-32","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a pathology accompanied by a progressive and irreversible deterioration in airway patency. It is known that macrophages of the respiratory tract are actively involved in the reorganization of the extracellular matrix leading to the development of bronchial remodeling.Aim. To assess the relationship between the progression rate of bronchial obstruction in COPD, the expression of TRP channels on alveolar macrophages, and the levels of inflammatory markers in the respiratory tract.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 37 patients with COPD, including 23 people with a FEV1 deterioration >50 ml/year and 14 with FEV1 decline <50 ml/year. The expression of TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPA1, TRPM8 channels was determined on alveolar macrophages by flow cytometry. Analysis of cytokines was performed in sputum supernatant by multiplex assay on a flow cytometer.Results. It was found that in patients with progressive bronchial obstruction TRPV4 expression was significantly increased: 14.2 (10.8; 23.4)% vs. 8.6 (3.6; 15.4)% (p=0.03). In addition, in the general group of patients a highly significant inverse correlation was found between TRPV4 expression and the dynamics of FEV1 (p=-0.52, p<0.001). Patients with a decrease in FEV1 >50 ml/year were characterized by significantly elevated levels of IL-2, IL-4, IL-17A, IL-10, IL-12p70, CXCL10 and MCP-1. Additionally, we found that concentrations of several cytokines were directly correlated with TRPV4 expression on macrophages: IL-4 (p=0.51, p=0.001), CXCL10 (p=0.59, p<0.001), MCP-1 (p=0.56, p<0.001), TGF-ei (p=0.42, p=0.009), IFN-y (p=0.37, p=0.02).Conclusion. TRPV4 channels expressed on alveolar macrophages are involved in the inflammatory process and airway remodeling in COPD, which is manifested by their relationships with the level of certain cytokines production, as well as the rate of the progression of bronchial obstruction.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"280 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76891771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-56-61
E. Suprun
Aim. To study the possibility of predicting the asthma control at various stages of the development of the disease, possibly on the basis of taking into account the genetic polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors, cytokines and detoxification system genes using the statistical method of learning neural networks.Materials and methods. We examined 167 children with bronchial asthma. The degree of asthma control was determined, the following mutations were detected: TLR2-Arg753Glu, TLR4-Asp299Gly, TLR4-Ghr399Ile, TLR9-T1237C, TLR9-A2848G; IL4-C589T, IL6- C174G, IL10-G1082A, IL10-C592A, IL10-C819T, IL12B-A1188C, TNFa-G308A; GSTM, GSTT, GSTM/GSTT, GSTP1 Ile105Val, GSTP1 Ala114Val, by PCR. The STATISTICA Automated Neural Networks package was used to model neural networks.Results. The model is based on the MLP (15-9-3) multilayer perceptron architecture with a layer of 15 input neurons (by the number of analyzed variables), a hidden intermediate layer of 9 neurons and an output layer of 3 neurons by the number of values of the classified variable (control). The training algorithm was chosen by BFGS as the most adequate to the classification task. The error function is traditionally chosen as the sum of squared deviations. The activation function of output neurons is Softmax. The activation function of the intermediate layer is hyperbolic. The volume of the training sample was 88 sets. The volume of samples for testing and quality control of the model was 36 sets. The resulting model was able to predict 79.01% of the correct values of the target variable (the degree of asthma control).Conclusion. The application of the developed program makes it possible to predict the possibility of uncontrolled or partially controlled asthma at any stage of the disease, including preclinical and pre-nosological for groups with a high risk of asthma. This allows you to individually adjust the measures of secondary and even primary prevention of asthma within the personalization of therapeutic approaches.
{"title":"Prediction of uncontrolled course of bronchial asthma in children based on polymorphisms of genes of signaling molecules of the immune system and detoxification genes","authors":"E. Suprun","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the possibility of predicting the asthma control at various stages of the development of the disease, possibly on the basis of taking into account the genetic polymorphisms of Toll-like receptors, cytokines and detoxification system genes using the statistical method of learning neural networks.Materials and methods. We examined 167 children with bronchial asthma. The degree of asthma control was determined, the following mutations were detected: TLR2-Arg753Glu, TLR4-Asp299Gly, TLR4-Ghr399Ile, TLR9-T1237C, TLR9-A2848G; IL4-C589T, IL6- C174G, IL10-G1082A, IL10-C592A, IL10-C819T, IL12B-A1188C, TNFa-G308A; GSTM, GSTT, GSTM/GSTT, GSTP1 Ile105Val, GSTP1 Ala114Val, by PCR. The STATISTICA Automated Neural Networks package was used to model neural networks.Results. The model is based on the MLP (15-9-3) multilayer perceptron architecture with a layer of 15 input neurons (by the number of analyzed variables), a hidden intermediate layer of 9 neurons and an output layer of 3 neurons by the number of values of the classified variable (control). The training algorithm was chosen by BFGS as the most adequate to the classification task. The error function is traditionally chosen as the sum of squared deviations. The activation function of output neurons is Softmax. The activation function of the intermediate layer is hyperbolic. The volume of the training sample was 88 sets. The volume of samples for testing and quality control of the model was 36 sets. The resulting model was able to predict 79.01% of the correct values of the target variable (the degree of asthma control).Conclusion. The application of the developed program makes it possible to predict the possibility of uncontrolled or partially controlled asthma at any stage of the disease, including preclinical and pre-nosological for groups with a high risk of asthma. This allows you to individually adjust the measures of secondary and even primary prevention of asthma within the personalization of therapeutic approaches.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74271841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-40-49
A. Pirogov, A. Prikhodko, J. Perelman
Introduction. The role of neutrophil inflammation of the bronchi in patients with asthma in the development and manifestation of cold airway hyperresponsiveness (CAHR) has not been sufficiently studied.Aim. To assess the level of neutrophils and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the bronchi of asthma patients with cold-induced bronchospasm.Materials and methods. In 138 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma with CAHR, the level of asthma control (ACT), lung function (FEV1), cellular composition of sputum was examined before and after the bronchoprovocation test by isocapnic hyperventilation with cold air (IHCA). In sputum samples, the percentage of neutrophils, eosinophils, and bronchial epithelial cells (structurally intact cylindrical ciliated and goblet cells) was assessed; the concentration and activity of MPO in neutrophils were studied by the cytochemical method.Results. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=94) - patients with mild cold-induced bronchospasm, group 2 (n=28) - with moderate bronchospasm, group 3 (n=16) - with severe bronchospasm (AFEV1=- 13.5±0.3, -24.6±0.5, -36.9±1.5%, respectively). Patients did not differ in the level of asthma control (16 [12; 21]; 16 [13; 20] and 16 [12; 21] ACT points, respectively). Patients of the third group had lower values of bronchial patency in comparison with the first and second groups: FEV1 79.4±3.2; 92.4±1.7 (p<0.01); 92.1±2.9% and FEF25-75 46.4±4.3; 66.1±2.5 (p<0.001); 63.2±4.0% (p<0.01). In sputum after the IHCA test in groups 2 and 3, an increase in the number of neutrophils was recorded from 35.5±3.9 to 46.0±3.8% (p<0.05) and from 39.0±3.8 to 52, 4±4.4% (p<0.05), respectively, while the number of neutrophils in group 1 did not change (43.2±2.4 and 44.3±2.1%). The concentration of MPO in response to the IHCA test in all groups significantly increased by more than 30% (p<0.05).Conclusion. The mobilization of neutrophils in a mixed pattern of airway inflammation in asthma patients is associated with worsening of cold-induced bronchospasm. An increase in the content of MPO in neutrophil granules in response to the action of cold air is aimed at enhancing the secretion of the enzyme in the interstitium, activating its oxidative activity in the respiratory tract, and escalating the oxidative/halogenating stress that accompanies bronchospasm.
{"title":"Airway neutrophils and myeloperoxidase in asthma patients with cold-induced bronchoconstriction","authors":"A. Pirogov, A. Prikhodko, J. Perelman","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-40-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-40-49","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The role of neutrophil inflammation of the bronchi in patients with asthma in the development and manifestation of cold airway hyperresponsiveness (CAHR) has not been sufficiently studied.Aim. To assess the level of neutrophils and the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the bronchi of asthma patients with cold-induced bronchospasm.Materials and methods. In 138 patients with mild-to-moderate asthma with CAHR, the level of asthma control (ACT), lung function (FEV1), cellular composition of sputum was examined before and after the bronchoprovocation test by isocapnic hyperventilation with cold air (IHCA). In sputum samples, the percentage of neutrophils, eosinophils, and bronchial epithelial cells (structurally intact cylindrical ciliated and goblet cells) was assessed; the concentration and activity of MPO in neutrophils were studied by the cytochemical method.Results. The patients were divided into three groups: group 1 (n=94) - patients with mild cold-induced bronchospasm, group 2 (n=28) - with moderate bronchospasm, group 3 (n=16) - with severe bronchospasm (AFEV1=- 13.5±0.3, -24.6±0.5, -36.9±1.5%, respectively). Patients did not differ in the level of asthma control (16 [12; 21]; 16 [13; 20] and 16 [12; 21] ACT points, respectively). Patients of the third group had lower values of bronchial patency in comparison with the first and second groups: FEV1 79.4±3.2; 92.4±1.7 (p<0.01); 92.1±2.9% and FEF25-75 46.4±4.3; 66.1±2.5 (p<0.001); 63.2±4.0% (p<0.01). In sputum after the IHCA test in groups 2 and 3, an increase in the number of neutrophils was recorded from 35.5±3.9 to 46.0±3.8% (p<0.05) and from 39.0±3.8 to 52, 4±4.4% (p<0.05), respectively, while the number of neutrophils in group 1 did not change (43.2±2.4 and 44.3±2.1%). The concentration of MPO in response to the IHCA test in all groups significantly increased by more than 30% (p<0.05).Conclusion. The mobilization of neutrophils in a mixed pattern of airway inflammation in asthma patients is associated with worsening of cold-induced bronchospasm. An increase in the content of MPO in neutrophil granules in response to the action of cold air is aimed at enhancing the secretion of the enzyme in the interstitium, activating its oxidative activity in the respiratory tract, and escalating the oxidative/halogenating stress that accompanies bronchospasm.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76618274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-62-67
E. Afanas'eva
Aim. To develop a method for determining the lung inflation by the indexes of forced expiratory flowvolume spirometry.Materials and methods. In 43 patients with mild persistent uncontrolled asthma in combination with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness, the lung function indexes were assessed by spirometry using a bronchodilation test and bodyplethysmography.Results. From the entire set of parameters, using regression analysis, two equations were constructed, with the inclusion of the main spirometric indicators (FEV1 in % of the due value, AFEVt and AFEF75 after the bronchodilation test, in %). The equations obtained make it possible to calculate lung inflation indices in asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness to select patients for referral for bodyplethysmography and multispiral computed tomography of the lungs in order to diagnose the severity of hyperinflation.Conclusion. The developed regression models provide an opportunity for a preliminary assessment of the presence and degree of lung hyperinflation in asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness, to determine personal approaches to basic anti-inflammatory therapy and, if necessary, to correct it in a timely manner.
{"title":"Method for lung inflation determining in asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness","authors":"E. Afanas'eva","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-62-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-62-67","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To develop a method for determining the lung inflation by the indexes of forced expiratory flowvolume spirometry.Materials and methods. In 43 patients with mild persistent uncontrolled asthma in combination with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness, the lung function indexes were assessed by spirometry using a bronchodilation test and bodyplethysmography.Results. From the entire set of parameters, using regression analysis, two equations were constructed, with the inclusion of the main spirometric indicators (FEV1 in % of the due value, AFEVt and AFEF75 after the bronchodilation test, in %). The equations obtained make it possible to calculate lung inflation indices in asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness to select patients for referral for bodyplethysmography and multispiral computed tomography of the lungs in order to diagnose the severity of hyperinflation.Conclusion. The developed regression models provide an opportunity for a preliminary assessment of the presence and degree of lung hyperinflation in asthma patients with osmotic airway hyperresponsiveness, to determine personal approaches to basic anti-inflammatory therapy and, if necessary, to correct it in a timely manner.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81382620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-22DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-50-55
E. Suprun
Aim. To study the functional state of immunocompetent blood cells by assessing the membrane potential of mitochondria (MPM) in bronchial asthma in children, depending on the controllability of the course of the disease.Materials and methods. 167 children suffering from asthma aged from 1 to 17 years were examined, two groups were formed: 1 - controlled course of asthma (n=70), 2 - partially controlled and uncontrolled course of asthma (n=97). The functional and energetic status of immunocompetent blood cells was assessed by flow cytometry with determination of MPM using JC-1 dye.Results. The proportion of cells with reduced MPM in children with asthma in comparison with conditionally healthy children is higher in all pools - lymphocytes (46.1% vs. 34.0%), monocytes (12.0% vs. 9.0%), granulocytes (11.3% vs. 7.0%). A higher percentage of cells with reduced MPM was found in the pools of monocytes (15.4% vs. 8.8%) and granulocytes (13.8% vs. 6.7%) with uncontrolled asthma. “Method for a comprehensive assessment of the energy security of immunocompetent blood cells” has been developed and patented. According to this method, the degrees of energy deficiency are relevant to the control of the course of asthma: in group 1, there is no energy deficit in 12.9% of cases, the first degree of deficiency in 40%, the second in 20%, the third in 27.1%; in the second group - 11,3%, 15,5%, 42,2%, 31,0% accordingly.Conclusion. The use of the developed method for a comprehensive assessment of the energy security of immunocompetent blood cells as an additional method to the approved medical standards, technically performed in a short time and with high accuracy, makes it possible to conduct early preclinical diagnostics of energy-deficient conditions of immunocompetent blood cells in asthma; according to the degree of disturbances detected, it is reasonable to determine the choice, the amount of necessary therapy and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.
{"title":"Assessment of the membrane potential of mitochondria in immunocompetent blood cells of children with asthma, depending on controllability of the course of the disease","authors":"E. Suprun","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-50-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2022-86-50-55","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To study the functional state of immunocompetent blood cells by assessing the membrane potential of mitochondria (MPM) in bronchial asthma in children, depending on the controllability of the course of the disease.Materials and methods. 167 children suffering from asthma aged from 1 to 17 years were examined, two groups were formed: 1 - controlled course of asthma (n=70), 2 - partially controlled and uncontrolled course of asthma (n=97). The functional and energetic status of immunocompetent blood cells was assessed by flow cytometry with determination of MPM using JC-1 dye.Results. The proportion of cells with reduced MPM in children with asthma in comparison with conditionally healthy children is higher in all pools - lymphocytes (46.1% vs. 34.0%), monocytes (12.0% vs. 9.0%), granulocytes (11.3% vs. 7.0%). A higher percentage of cells with reduced MPM was found in the pools of monocytes (15.4% vs. 8.8%) and granulocytes (13.8% vs. 6.7%) with uncontrolled asthma. “Method for a comprehensive assessment of the energy security of immunocompetent blood cells” has been developed and patented. According to this method, the degrees of energy deficiency are relevant to the control of the course of asthma: in group 1, there is no energy deficit in 12.9% of cases, the first degree of deficiency in 40%, the second in 20%, the third in 27.1%; in the second group - 11,3%, 15,5%, 42,2%, 31,0% accordingly.Conclusion. The use of the developed method for a comprehensive assessment of the energy security of immunocompetent blood cells as an additional method to the approved medical standards, technically performed in a short time and with high accuracy, makes it possible to conduct early preclinical diagnostics of energy-deficient conditions of immunocompetent blood cells in asthma; according to the degree of disturbances detected, it is reasonable to determine the choice, the amount of necessary therapy and evaluate the effectiveness of treatment.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89293352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：