Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-96-104
M. Vlasova, S. Suprun, O. S. Kudryashova, O. Lebed’ko, A. V. Kosmacheva
Aim. The research aims was to identify the features of the qualitative and quantitative state of the vaginal microflora and the role of activation of perinatally significant infections in pregnant women with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). Materials and methods. 63 patients aged 16 to 44 were examined. Women with PROM comprised the main group (n=31), the comparison group consisted of pregnant women with term birth (n=32). A comprehensive molecular genetic study of the vaginal microbiota was carried out by quantitative real-time PCR, DNA detection of pathogens of viral and bacterial infections – by PCR, and serological markers – by ELISA. Results. As opposed to the comparison group, women from the main group were diagnosed with dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota 1.7 times more often; vivid manifestations with the proliferation of opportunistic microflora and the predominance of Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp. 2.8 times more often; Eubacterium spp. 4.4 times more often; Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp. 11.5 times more often. In women with PROM, the activation of cytomegalovirus infection was detected 10.0 times more often and the herpes simplex virus 6.0 times more often than in pregnant women with term birth. In patients of the main group, infection of the placenta with sexually transmitted agents and perinatally significant viral infections was detected 1.7 times more often than in women with term birth. Conclusion. Women with PROM were diagnosed with the genital tract infection with opportunistic microflora and high rise of herpesvirus infections. The influence of these factors on preterm labor is confirmed by the detection of infectious agents in placentas.
{"title":"Features of vaginal microbiocenosis and activation of perinatally significant viral infections in women with premature rupture of membranes","authors":"M. Vlasova, S. Suprun, O. S. Kudryashova, O. Lebed’ko, A. V. Kosmacheva","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-96-104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-96-104","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. The research aims was to identify the features of the qualitative and quantitative state of the vaginal microflora and the role of activation of perinatally significant infections in pregnant women with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). Materials and methods. 63 patients aged 16 to 44 were examined. Women with PROM comprised the main group (n=31), the comparison group consisted of pregnant women with term birth (n=32). A comprehensive molecular genetic study of the vaginal microbiota was carried out by quantitative real-time PCR, DNA detection of pathogens of viral and bacterial infections – by PCR, and serological markers – by ELISA. Results. As opposed to the comparison group, women from the main group were diagnosed with dysbiosis of the vaginal microbiota 1.7 times more often; vivid manifestations with the proliferation of opportunistic microflora and the predominance of Gardnerella vaginalis / Prevotella bivia / Porphyromonas spp. 2.8 times more often; Eubacterium spp. 4.4 times more often; Megasphaera spp. / Veillonella spp. / Dialister spp. 11.5 times more often. In women with PROM, the activation of cytomegalovirus infection was detected 10.0 times more often and the herpes simplex virus 6.0 times more often than in pregnant women with term birth. In patients of the main group, infection of the placenta with sexually transmitted agents and perinatally significant viral infections was detected 1.7 times more often than in women with term birth. Conclusion. Women with PROM were diagnosed with the genital tract infection with opportunistic microflora and high rise of herpesvirus infections. The influence of these factors on preterm labor is confirmed by the detection of infectious agents in placentas. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"213 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78261051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-35-40
A. N. Zhekotov, V. N. Kotelnikov, B. Geltser
Introduction. Altered hemodynamics in the liver is associated with an obligate manifestation of hypoxic stress that affects the functional status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is important to consider in patients with comorbid pathology. Aim. The study of the characteristics of hepatic blood flow in patients with COPD with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Materials and methods. 58 patients with COPD were examined, mean age was 50.1±3.5 years, smoking history was 21.6±2.1 pack/years. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included 30 COPD patients without anemia, group 2 included 28 patients with concomitant vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Results. It was found that in the 2nd group of patients there was a decrease by 13.8% in the ratio of the linear velocity of the portal flow and the diameter of the portal vein (Wilcoxon T-test, p=0.01), which is associated with “stagnant” phenomena of blood flow in the liver. At the same time, the functional parameters of blood flow in the hepatic pool of the bloodstream in patients of group 1 practically did not differ from those of healthy individuals (Mann-Whitney U Test, p=0.1). Conclusion. The presence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia in patients with COPD initiates adverse changes in liver blood flow, which should be taken into account when stratifying the risk of this category of patients.
{"title":"Changes in hepatic blood flow in patients with comorbidity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and vitamin B12 deficiency anemia","authors":"A. N. Zhekotov, V. N. Kotelnikov, B. Geltser","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-35-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-35-40","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Altered hemodynamics in the liver is associated with an obligate manifestation of hypoxic stress that affects the functional status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is important to consider in patients with comorbid pathology. Aim. The study of the characteristics of hepatic blood flow in patients with COPD with vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Materials and methods. 58 patients with COPD were examined, mean age was 50.1±3.5 years, smoking history was 21.6±2.1 pack/years. The patients were divided into two groups: group 1 included 30 COPD patients without anemia, group 2 included 28 patients with concomitant vitamin B12 deficiency anemia. Results. It was found that in the 2nd group of patients there was a decrease by 13.8% in the ratio of the linear velocity of the portal flow and the diameter of the portal vein (Wilcoxon T-test, p=0.01), which is associated with “stagnant” phenomena of blood flow in the liver. At the same time, the functional parameters of blood flow in the hepatic pool of the bloodstream in patients of group 1 practically did not differ from those of healthy individuals (Mann-Whitney U Test, p=0.1). Conclusion. The presence of vitamin B12 deficiency anemia in patients with COPD initiates adverse changes in liver blood flow, which should be taken into account when stratifying the risk of this category of patients. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86141262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-69-78
M. Lazareva, G. Evseeva, E. V. Rakitskaya, M. Vlasova, T. V. Pivkina, S. Suprun, O. Lebed’ko
Introduction. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 may include endocrine forms, including diseases of the pancreas, pituitary gland, gonads, and thyroid gland. The direct cytopathic effect of the virus lies in its ability to enter cells through the ACE-2 receptor located on the epithelial and endothelial cells of the endocrine glands, followed by expression, which creates the possibility of the development and progression of damage to the endocrine system, both inflammatory and autoimmune. Until now, it has not been fully studied what changes in the state of health await children and teenagers in the post-COVID period, the dynamics of changes in the functional state of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents living in the region of endemic goiter (Far Eastern Federal District) has not been assessed. Aim. To assess of thyroid dysfunction in children who have had COVID-19. Materials and methods. The clinic performed a clinical and laboratory examination of 41 children aged 5-17 years who had a new coronavirus infection. Hormones were determined using the test systems of “AlkorBio” (St. Petersburg) on a microplate reader Stat-Fax 2100 (USA): thyroid stimulating hormone (µU/mL), free thyroxine (pmol/L), thyroid peroxidase antibodies. Results. It was determined that some children had clinical symptoms that may be associated with a possible involvement of the thyroid system: severe fatigue (61.0%), drowsiness (48.8%), memory loss (26.8%), depressed mood (14.6%), hair loss (14.6%), chilliness (4.9%), dry skin (4.9%). Ultrasound of the thyroid gland revealed a decrease in the volume of the gland in 46.3% and a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland in 9.8% of patients. In 33.3% of patients, the level of thyroid stimulating hormone in blood serum exceeded 3.4 mcU/mL, with a normal level of free thyroxine, which corresponds to subclinical hypothyroidism. Conclusion. The obtained data suggest the possibility of subclinical dysfunction of the thyroid gland in children who have had a coronavirus infection. Based on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the presence of clinical complaints, it is necessary to conduct a routine assessment of thyroid function in patients in the recovery and convalescence phase after COVID-19. Future prospective studies are needed to improve epidemiological and clinical knowledge and optimize the management of endocrine diseases in patients with COVID-19.
{"title":"Analysis of the functional state of the thyroid gland in children who underwent COVID-19","authors":"M. Lazareva, G. Evseeva, E. V. Rakitskaya, M. Vlasova, T. V. Pivkina, S. Suprun, O. Lebed’ko","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-69-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-69-78","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19 may include endocrine forms, including diseases of the pancreas, pituitary gland, gonads, and thyroid gland. The direct cytopathic effect of the virus lies in its ability to enter cells through the ACE-2 receptor located on the epithelial and endothelial cells of the endocrine glands, followed by expression, which creates the possibility of the development and progression of damage to the endocrine system, both inflammatory and autoimmune. Until now, it has not been fully studied what changes in the state of health await children and teenagers in the post-COVID period, the dynamics of changes in the functional state of the thyroid gland in children and adolescents living in the region of endemic goiter (Far Eastern Federal District) has not been assessed. Aim. To assess of thyroid dysfunction in children who have had COVID-19. Materials and methods. The clinic performed a clinical and laboratory examination of 41 children aged 5-17 years who had a new coronavirus infection. Hormones were determined using the test systems of “AlkorBio” (St. Petersburg) on a microplate reader Stat-Fax 2100 (USA): thyroid stimulating hormone (µU/mL), free thyroxine (pmol/L), thyroid peroxidase antibodies. Results. It was determined that some children had clinical symptoms that may be associated with a possible involvement of the thyroid system: severe fatigue (61.0%), drowsiness (48.8%), memory loss (26.8%), depressed mood (14.6%), hair loss (14.6%), chilliness (4.9%), dry skin (4.9%). Ultrasound of the thyroid gland revealed a decrease in the volume of the gland in 46.3% and a diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland in 9.8% of patients. In 33.3% of patients, the level of thyroid stimulating hormone in blood serum exceeded 3.4 mcU/mL, with a normal level of free thyroxine, which corresponds to subclinical hypothyroidism. Conclusion. The obtained data suggest the possibility of subclinical dysfunction of the thyroid gland in children who have had a coronavirus infection. Based on the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection, with the presence of clinical complaints, it is necessary to conduct a routine assessment of thyroid function in patients in the recovery and convalescence phase after COVID-19. Future prospective studies are needed to improve epidemiological and clinical knowledge and optimize the management of endocrine diseases in patients with COVID-19. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84421781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-59-68
G. Evseeva, M. Lazareva, M. Vlasova, E. V. Nagovitsyna, S. Suprun, R. Telepneva, E. Knizhnikova, O. Galyant, O. Lebed’ko
Introduction. Asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus poses a significant threat to efforts to reduce the incidence of COVID-19. A specific humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 can be induced in most symptomatic cases and in asymptomatic carriers. Determining the pattern of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children can provide important information for improving screening and targeted protection of population that continue to suffer from this pandemic. Aim. To determine the level of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in children during the COVID19 epidemic. Materials and methods. Serum samples from 254 clinic patients from 1 to 17 years old, with an average age of 9.7±0.3 years, were studied by random selection. The analysis was carried out in 2 groups of patients: patients who underwent COVID-19 in the period from January 2021 to March 2022 with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result (n=36) and a control group of children who deny the disease (n=218). IgM and IgG were determined in blood serum samples by means of ELISA using the SARS CoV-2-IgM and SARS CoV-2-IgG quantitative diagnostic kits (Vector-Best, Novosibirsk, Russia). Results. In the group of children who did not have COVID-19, negative results were detected in 25.2% of cases. IgG antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 74.8% of patients, of which a low level of virus-neutralizing activity was found in 15.6% of patients, an average level in 20.2% of cases, and a high level in 39.0% of cases. In the group of children who had the disease, a low level of virus-neutralizing activity was detected in 29.4%, an average level in 32.4%, and a high level of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 38.2% of cases. In the group of children who underwent COVID-19, 77.8% of the disease proceeded with symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, 22.2% had CT signs of pneumonia, and there were no significant differences in the levels of specific antibodies. In the group of children who underwent COVID-19, 77.8% of the disease proceeded with symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, 22.2% had CT signs of pneumonia, and there were no significant differences in the levels of specific antibodies. Analysis of seroprevalence in dynamics after the disease showed that the highest level of antibodies persisted for 2-4 months. after an illness. Conclusion. The proportion of asymptomatic forms of infection among children and adolescents is quite high. These undocumented infections often go unrecognized due to mild or absence of symptoms and, depending on their contagiousness and number of contacts, may play a significant role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The findings raise important questions that should be explored in further studies regarding the role of serological tests in assessing the true extent of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in pediatric populations, as well as monitoring the response and duration of SARS-CoV2 antibody-mediated immunity.
{"title":"Assessment of the level of immune layer to SARS-CoV-2 in children under conditions of novel coronavirus infection COVID-19","authors":"G. Evseeva, M. Lazareva, M. Vlasova, E. V. Nagovitsyna, S. Suprun, R. Telepneva, E. Knizhnikova, O. Galyant, O. Lebed’ko","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-59-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-59-68","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Asymptomatic transmission of the coronavirus poses a significant threat to efforts to reduce the incidence of COVID-19. A specific humoral immune response against SARS-CoV-2 can be induced in most symptomatic cases and in asymptomatic carriers. Determining the pattern of antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children can provide important information for improving screening and targeted protection of population that continue to suffer from this pandemic. Aim. To determine the level of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 in children during the COVID19 epidemic. Materials and methods. Serum samples from 254 clinic patients from 1 to 17 years old, with an average age of 9.7±0.3 years, were studied by random selection. The analysis was carried out in 2 groups of patients: patients who underwent COVID-19 in the period from January 2021 to March 2022 with a positive SARS-CoV-2 PCR result (n=36) and a control group of children who deny the disease (n=218). IgM and IgG were determined in blood serum samples by means of ELISA using the SARS CoV-2-IgM and SARS CoV-2-IgG quantitative diagnostic kits (Vector-Best, Novosibirsk, Russia). Results. In the group of children who did not have COVID-19, negative results were detected in 25.2% of cases. IgG antibodies specific to SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 74.8% of patients, of which a low level of virus-neutralizing activity was found in 15.6% of patients, an average level in 20.2% of cases, and a high level in 39.0% of cases. In the group of children who had the disease, a low level of virus-neutralizing activity was detected in 29.4%, an average level in 32.4%, and a high level of IgG antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 38.2% of cases. In the group of children who underwent COVID-19, 77.8% of the disease proceeded with symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, 22.2% had CT signs of pneumonia, and there were no significant differences in the levels of specific antibodies. In the group of children who underwent COVID-19, 77.8% of the disease proceeded with symptoms of acute respiratory viral infections, 22.2% had CT signs of pneumonia, and there were no significant differences in the levels of specific antibodies. Analysis of seroprevalence in dynamics after the disease showed that the highest level of antibodies persisted for 2-4 months. after an illness. Conclusion. The proportion of asymptomatic forms of infection among children and adolescents is quite high. These undocumented infections often go unrecognized due to mild or absence of symptoms and, depending on their contagiousness and number of contacts, may play a significant role in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The findings raise important questions that should be explored in further studies regarding the role of serological tests in assessing the true extent of SARS-CoV-2 exposure in pediatric populations, as well as monitoring the response and duration of SARS-CoV2 antibody-mediated immunity.","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74228498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-79-85
A. Nesterenko, G. Evseeva, E. D. Tselikh
Introduction. The elemental status of an organism reflects the geochemical background of the habitat, including the imbalance of trace elements in the water and soil of a given region. We presented the results of studying the concentration of Fe, Сu, Mo, Zn, Co, Se, Th and U in the hair of teenagers with different living conditions of the Khabarovsky Kray. Aim. To analyze the level of influence of the elemental composition of drinking water and soil on the ecological portrait of teenagers living in different regions of the Khabarovsky Kray. Materials and methods. The analysis of trace elements in hair, soil and drinking water was carried out by means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results. Significant correlations were found between the concentration of Fe, Co, Mo, Th in hair and water (r=0.48-0.89), Fe, Cu, Zn, Se in hair and soil (r=0.38-0.71). The value of correlation relationships among children of Khabarovsk and the Nikolaevsky district is 1.5 times higher than among teenagers of the Okhotsky district. Conclusion. Thus, an imbalance of trace elements in the environment can affect health and be a risk factor for the development of environmentally related diseases.
{"title":"Comparative characteristics of the elemental composition of teenagers' biosamples depending on living conditions of the Khabarovsky Kray","authors":"A. Nesterenko, G. Evseeva, E. D. Tselikh","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-79-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-79-85","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The elemental status of an organism reflects the geochemical background of the habitat, including the imbalance of trace elements in the water and soil of a given region. We presented the results of studying the concentration of Fe, Сu, Mo, Zn, Co, Se, Th and U in the hair of teenagers with different living conditions of the Khabarovsky Kray. Aim. To analyze the level of influence of the elemental composition of drinking water and soil on the ecological portrait of teenagers living in different regions of the Khabarovsky Kray. Materials and methods. The analysis of trace elements in hair, soil and drinking water was carried out by means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Results. Significant correlations were found between the concentration of Fe, Co, Mo, Th in hair and water (r=0.48-0.89), Fe, Cu, Zn, Se in hair and soil (r=0.38-0.71). The value of correlation relationships among children of Khabarovsk and the Nikolaevsky district is 1.5 times higher than among teenagers of the Okhotsky district. Conclusion. Thus, an imbalance of trace elements in the environment can affect health and be a risk factor for the development of environmentally related diseases. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75483563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-86-95
I. Gorikov, L. Nakhamchen, A. Odireev, А. А. Grigorenko, S. N. Roshchin, А. G. Sudakov, О. V. Gaidarova, А. V. Bilʹko, А. I. Маshchenko, I. Y. Bugaev
Aim. To assess the morphological changes in the bloodstream and chorionic villi with partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta in women with exacerbation of herpesvirus (HSV type 1) and cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI). Materials and methods. An X-ray phlebographic and histological examination of 87 placentas was carried out in uncomplicated pregnancy and partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta, developed after reactivation of HSV type 1 and CMVI in patients in the second trimester of gestation. The first group included 32 placentas from women with CMV-seronegative uncomplicated pregnancy, the second group included 21 placentas from patients with exacerbation of HSV type 1, the third – 18 placentas from women with CMVI reactivation, in the fourth – 16 placentas from patients with combined exacerbation of HSV type 1 and CMVI. In all cases, a dosed injection of red lead on drying oil (1:3) was carried out through the umbilical cord vein into the placental blood vessels. In the same areas of the intact placenta and with partial premature detachment of the normally located placenta, the morphological structure of the biopsy specimens was analyzed before and after the introduction of contrast into the bloodstream. When isolating DNA in the tissues of the organ, PCR was used. Results. In the second group, in comparison with the first one, placental hypoplasia was diagnosed in 14.3% (0%), hematomas on its fetal part in 19% (3.1%, p>0.05), hemorrhages in the maternal part in 38% (6.2%, p<0.01), foci of sclerosis in 9.5% (9.3%, p>0.05), tortuosity of the veins of the first order in 14.3% (6.2%, p>0.05), the phenomenon of “amputation” of veins in 19% (9.3%, p>0.05). Cotyledons with weakly contrasted vessels occurred in 4 cases (in the first group 3, p>0.05), and with non-visualized bloodstream – in 3 cases (in the first group 2, p>0.05). A clear-cut structure of veins of the 2nd order was found in 3 cases, and extravasation in the tissues of the organ – in 2 cases. CMV DNA was isolated in 14.3% of biopsies. In the second group, unlike the first one, terminal villi with partial desquamation of syncytiotrophoblast were visualized in 23.8% (9.3%, p>0.05), with necrosis and calcification of syncytial kidneys in 23.8% (6.25%, p>0.05), with clots in the veins in 9.5% (6.25%, p>0.05), with moderate plethora in 76.1% (65.6%, p>0.05) and with pronounced plethora in 28.5% (12.5%, p>0.05). More often, villi with edema, an increase in collagen fibers, fibrinoid and vascular inflammation, as well as avascular terminal villi were found. The third group, unlike the first one, was characterized by an increase in the number of hematomas on the fetal to 27.8% (p<0.05) and on the maternal parts of the placenta up to 55.6% (p<0.001), as well as blind-ended vessels up to 38.9% (p<0.05). In 5.6% of cases, CMV DNA was determined, as well as pronounced sclerotic changes (50%, p<0.05), inflammation of the walls of blood vessels and stroma of t
{"title":"Morphological changes in the bloodstream and chorionic villi in partial premature detachment of normally located placenta in women with exacerbation of herpesvirus and cytomegalovirus infection","authors":"I. Gorikov, L. Nakhamchen, A. Odireev, А. А. Grigorenko, S. N. Roshchin, А. G. Sudakov, О. V. Gaidarova, А. V. Bilʹko, А. I. Маshchenko, I. Y. Bugaev","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-86-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-86-95","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. To assess the morphological changes in the bloodstream and chorionic villi with partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta in women with exacerbation of herpesvirus (HSV type 1) and cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI). Materials and methods. An X-ray phlebographic and histological examination of 87 placentas was carried out in uncomplicated pregnancy and partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta, developed after reactivation of HSV type 1 and CMVI in patients in the second trimester of gestation. The first group included 32 placentas from women with CMV-seronegative uncomplicated pregnancy, the second group included 21 placentas from patients with exacerbation of HSV type 1, the third – 18 placentas from women with CMVI reactivation, in the fourth – 16 placentas from patients with combined exacerbation of HSV type 1 and CMVI. In all cases, a dosed injection of red lead on drying oil (1:3) was carried out through the umbilical cord vein into the placental blood vessels. In the same areas of the intact placenta and with partial premature detachment of the normally located placenta, the morphological structure of the biopsy specimens was analyzed before and after the introduction of contrast into the bloodstream. When isolating DNA in the tissues of the organ, PCR was used. Results. In the second group, in comparison with the first one, placental hypoplasia was diagnosed in 14.3% (0%), hematomas on its fetal part in 19% (3.1%, p>0.05), hemorrhages in the maternal part in 38% (6.2%, p<0.01), foci of sclerosis in 9.5% (9.3%, p>0.05), tortuosity of the veins of the first order in 14.3% (6.2%, p>0.05), the phenomenon of “amputation” of veins in 19% (9.3%, p>0.05). Cotyledons with weakly contrasted vessels occurred in 4 cases (in the first group 3, p>0.05), and with non-visualized bloodstream – in 3 cases (in the first group 2, p>0.05). A clear-cut structure of veins of the 2nd order was found in 3 cases, and extravasation in the tissues of the organ – in 2 cases. CMV DNA was isolated in 14.3% of biopsies. In the second group, unlike the first one, terminal villi with partial desquamation of syncytiotrophoblast were visualized in 23.8% (9.3%, p>0.05), with necrosis and calcification of syncytial kidneys in 23.8% (6.25%, p>0.05), with clots in the veins in 9.5% (6.25%, p>0.05), with moderate plethora in 76.1% (65.6%, p>0.05) and with pronounced plethora in 28.5% (12.5%, p>0.05). More often, villi with edema, an increase in collagen fibers, fibrinoid and vascular inflammation, as well as avascular terminal villi were found. The third group, unlike the first one, was characterized by an increase in the number of hematomas on the fetal to 27.8% (p<0.05) and on the maternal parts of the placenta up to 55.6% (p<0.001), as well as blind-ended vessels up to 38.9% (p<0.05). In 5.6% of cases, CMV DNA was determined, as well as pronounced sclerotic changes (50%, p<0.05), inflammation of the walls of blood vessels and stroma of t","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"05 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86133052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-41-49
I. Bezmenova, S. Vdovenko, I. Averyanova
Introduction. The study on polymorphic variants of the gene of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is important for understanding the genetic basis of the respiration system readjustments, particularly at adaptation to the North conditions. Aim. This research explored the occurrence of -786 T>S (rs2070744) polymorphism in the NOS3 gene and its correlations with indicators of the lung function in northern residents. Materials and methods. One hundred and twentyfive male volunteers, Caucasian by ethnicity of the Magadan Region, participated in continuous cross-sectional study. The mean age of the subjects was 41.4±1.3 yrs. The examinees underwent SNP testing of the -786 T>S (rs2070744) polymorphism of the NOS3 gene by polymerase chain reaction. Lung function flow-volume indicators was assessed using a spiroanalyzer KM-AR-01 Diamant-S (Russia), and a series of heart rate variability indicators were analyzed with the Varicard complex. Results. In the surveyed selection of northerners, the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the NOS3 locus corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law (χ2 =0.13; p=0.714). The NOS3 allele*T frequency was 64.57%, the NOS3*C allele concentration was 35.43%. The following genotype picture was observed in the examined male Northerners: -786 TT – 41.96%, -786 TC – 45.76%, and -786 CC – 12.28%. The analysis of the lung function revealed the worst impairments in volume-velocity variables (MEF25-75 84±1,2%) which were characteristic of those northern men (a group of subjects with the TT genotype) who did not have -786T >C (rs2070744) polymorphism of the NOS3 gene in their genotype as compared to the minor allele carriers (TT+CC genotype – MEF25-75 94±2,1%). In addition, heart rate variability indicators showed the parasympathetic link of the autonomic nervous system that prevailed in the same group. Conclusion. The studies allowed for the finding of reduced values of volume-velocity indices of the lung function in those male subjects whose genotype had no NOS3 allele*C (TT homozygotes). The findings were observed along with the prevailing parasympathetic link in the heart rate regulation, which may indicate compensatory adaptive mechanisms aimed at optimizing the lung function when adapting to the extreme climatic factors of the North. Therefore, we can assume that the TT genotype appears to be a selective advantage at adaptation to the cold. Following on from this, the TT genotype Northerners can be considered to be the most adapted for living in the conditions of the North.
{"title":"Variants of NOS3 gene polymorphism and lung function features in northerners","authors":"I. Bezmenova, S. Vdovenko, I. Averyanova","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-41-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-41-49","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The study on polymorphic variants of the gene of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is important for understanding the genetic basis of the respiration system readjustments, particularly at adaptation to the North conditions. Aim. This research explored the occurrence of -786 T>S (rs2070744) polymorphism in the NOS3 gene and its correlations with indicators of the lung function in northern residents. Materials and methods. One hundred and twentyfive male volunteers, Caucasian by ethnicity of the Magadan Region, participated in continuous cross-sectional study. The mean age of the subjects was 41.4±1.3 yrs. The examinees underwent SNP testing of the -786 T>S (rs2070744) polymorphism of the NOS3 gene by polymerase chain reaction. Lung function flow-volume indicators was assessed using a spiroanalyzer KM-AR-01 Diamant-S (Russia), and a series of heart rate variability indicators were analyzed with the Varicard complex. Results. In the surveyed selection of northerners, the distribution of frequencies of alleles and genotypes of the NOS3 locus corresponded to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium law (χ2 =0.13; p=0.714). The NOS3 allele*T frequency was 64.57%, the NOS3*C allele concentration was 35.43%. The following genotype picture was observed in the examined male Northerners: -786 TT – 41.96%, -786 TC – 45.76%, and -786 CC – 12.28%. The analysis of the lung function revealed the worst impairments in volume-velocity variables (MEF25-75 84±1,2%) which were characteristic of those northern men (a group of subjects with the TT genotype) who did not have -786T >C (rs2070744) polymorphism of the NOS3 gene in their genotype as compared to the minor allele carriers (TT+CC genotype – MEF25-75 94±2,1%). In addition, heart rate variability indicators showed the parasympathetic link of the autonomic nervous system that prevailed in the same group. Conclusion. The studies allowed for the finding of reduced values of volume-velocity indices of the lung function in those male subjects whose genotype had no NOS3 allele*C (TT homozygotes). The findings were observed along with the prevailing parasympathetic link in the heart rate regulation, which may indicate compensatory adaptive mechanisms aimed at optimizing the lung function when adapting to the extreme climatic factors of the North. Therefore, we can assume that the TT genotype appears to be a selective advantage at adaptation to the cold. Following on from this, the TT genotype Northerners can be considered to be the most adapted for living in the conditions of the North. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87454751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-04DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-50-58
A. V. Talko, V. Nevzorova, M. Ermolitskaya, Z. Bondareva
Introduction. Various artificial intelligence technologies are widely used in many areas of medicine with integration into research and practical work, including hematology. The attractiveness of machine learning methods is due to the possibility of excluding the subjective factor both assessment of the patient's condition and examination results. Aim. The construction of a predictive survival model for hematological patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. 144 medical records of patients with malignant and benign diseases of the blood system treated at the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Vladivostok were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of the studied patients was 64 years. The solid endpoint is the mortality of patients from all causes (46 people or 32%). Indicators such as the type of disease (malignant, benign); the stage of therapy; clinical manifestations of COVID-19 (yes/no); symptoms of infection were used as predictors for constructing predictive models; ECOG status at the time of admission; concomitant diseases; glucocorticosteroids therapy; the use of humidified oxygen and complications of COVID-19. When constructing predictive models with a binary classifier, machine learning methods were used: logistic regression, a decision tree based on “conditional inference” and a “random forest”. Results. 3 predictive models were developed. The choice of the model depended on the number of parameters included. According to the F-measure, the accuracy of the “random forest” model was higher. Based on the selected machine learning methods, the presence of respiratory failure requiring oxygen support was the most significant predictor of forecasting the outcome of COVID-19. Conclusion. Our study allowed us to identify significant predictors of an unfavorable outcome, on the basis of which prognostic models of survival of hematological patients with coronavirus infection were built.
{"title":"The possibilities of data mining methods for assessing the outcomes of COVID-19 in patients with diseases of the blood system","authors":"A. V. Talko, V. Nevzorova, M. Ermolitskaya, Z. Bondareva","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-50-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-50-58","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Various artificial intelligence technologies are widely used in many areas of medicine with integration into research and practical work, including hematology. The attractiveness of machine learning methods is due to the possibility of excluding the subjective factor both assessment of the patient's condition and examination results. Aim. The construction of a predictive survival model for hematological patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection. Materials and methods. 144 medical records of patients with malignant and benign diseases of the blood system treated at the Regional Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Vladivostok were retrospectively analyzed. The average age of the studied patients was 64 years. The solid endpoint is the mortality of patients from all causes (46 people or 32%). Indicators such as the type of disease (malignant, benign); the stage of therapy; clinical manifestations of COVID-19 (yes/no); symptoms of infection were used as predictors for constructing predictive models; ECOG status at the time of admission; concomitant diseases; glucocorticosteroids therapy; the use of humidified oxygen and complications of COVID-19. When constructing predictive models with a binary classifier, machine learning methods were used: logistic regression, a decision tree based on “conditional inference” and a “random forest”. Results. 3 predictive models were developed. The choice of the model depended on the number of parameters included. According to the F-measure, the accuracy of the “random forest” model was higher. Based on the selected machine learning methods, the presence of respiratory failure requiring oxygen support was the most significant predictor of forecasting the outcome of COVID-19. Conclusion. Our study allowed us to identify significant predictors of an unfavorable outcome, on the basis of which prognostic models of survival of hematological patients with coronavirus infection were built. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89211004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-27-34
E. V. Kondratyeva, L. V. Veremchuk, T. I. Vitkina
Introduction. The study of disorders that develop in the immune system under the influence of technogenic factors remains a very urgent problem. Aim. To identify criteria for the impact of trigger dust fractions of the atmospheric air in Vladivostok (in the ranges: 0-1, 1-10, 10-50, 50-100, 100-400, 400-700, >700 microns) on the human immune system with respiratory diseases. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were the fractional composition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the air of Vladivostok and the immune system of residents with bronchopulmonary pathology. The study included 320 people: patients with asthma − 112, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of a stable course − 107, healthy people − 101. Using the multiple correlation, the indicators characterizing the integral response of the immune system parameters to the impact of SPM were determined. Results. The results obtained for the groups of subjects showed a difference in the number of factors of influence and immune responses to their influence. Dust fractions of the air form the greatest pathogenic effect in individuals with COPD. There is a negative reaction to all the studied dust fractions, however, the reaction of the immune system is maximum in the range from 0 to 100 microns (Nr =13, Dp %=0.13-0.19%). For the individuals with asthma, the maximum pathogenic effect is exerted by nanofractions of 0-1 μm (Nr =4, Dp =0.2%). Conclusion. Dust fractions negatively affect the immune system of all studied cohorts of the population of Vladivostok. However, in the individuals with respiratory diseases, dust air pollution causes a more pronounced response of the immune system.
{"title":"Impact of air dust fractions on the immune system in patients with bronchopulmonary pathology","authors":"E. V. Kondratyeva, L. V. Veremchuk, T. I. Vitkina","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-27-34","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-27-34","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The study of disorders that develop in the immune system under the influence of technogenic factors remains a very urgent problem. Aim. To identify criteria for the impact of trigger dust fractions of the atmospheric air in Vladivostok (in the ranges: 0-1, 1-10, 10-50, 50-100, 100-400, 400-700, >700 microns) on the human immune system with respiratory diseases. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were the fractional composition of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in the air of Vladivostok and the immune system of residents with bronchopulmonary pathology. The study included 320 people: patients with asthma − 112, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) of a stable course − 107, healthy people − 101. Using the multiple correlation, the indicators characterizing the integral response of the immune system parameters to the impact of SPM were determined. Results. The results obtained for the groups of subjects showed a difference in the number of factors of influence and immune responses to their influence. Dust fractions of the air form the greatest pathogenic effect in individuals with COPD. There is a negative reaction to all the studied dust fractions, however, the reaction of the immune system is maximum in the range from 0 to 100 microns (Nr =13, Dp %=0.13-0.19%). For the individuals with asthma, the maximum pathogenic effect is exerted by nanofractions of 0-1 μm (Nr =4, Dp =0.2%). Conclusion. Dust fractions negatively affect the immune system of all studied cohorts of the population of Vladivostok. However, in the individuals with respiratory diseases, dust air pollution causes a more pronounced response of the immune system. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82220046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-8-16
E. Y. Barabash, T. Gvozdenko, M. Antonyuk, K. Khodosova, Yu. G. Sysoeva
Introduction. The study of risk factors, defects of cellular and phagocytic links of the immune system with differing degrees of asthma control allows us to determine the features of chronic inflammation and predict the course of the disease. Aim. To assess risk factors and establish the severity of immunological disorders according to the state of the cellular and phagocytic links of the immune system in partially controlled mild asthma. Materials and methods. The study included 184 patients (aged 25 to 50 years) with diagnosed mild asthma, 125 of them with partially controlled course (main group), 59 patients with controlled asthma (comparison group). Risk factors were identified in all patients. CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD19+ were determined by flow cytofluorimetry. The phagocytic link was evaluated based on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic reserve, phagocytic number, phagocytic number reserve, metabolic activity of neutrophils, neutrophil activation index and its reserve. The control group consisted of 17 healthy volunteers who did not have chronic respiratory diseases. Results. In patients with partially controlled asthma, allergic pathology of extrapulmonary localization was 3.8 times more common, foci of chronic infection were 2 times more common, and chronic herpes virus infection was 2.2 times more common. In case of partially controlled asthma, there was an increase in CD3+4+ lymphocytes by 16% (p<0.001), CD3+4+/CD3+8+ index by 1.2 times (p<0.05), a decrease in CD16+56+ by 19.6%, and CD3+8+ cells by 19.5% (p<0.001) as compared to patients with controlled asthma. Disturbance of the functional and potential capabilities of phagocytic cells was characterized by a decrease in the phagocytic number by 26.5%, the HCT test by 1.4 times (p<0.001). Conclusion. Factors hindering the achievement of control in partially controlled mild asthma may be concomitant allergic diseases, chronic herpes virus infection, a characteristic imbalance of cellular and phagocytic immunity.
{"title":"Risk factors and features of the cell-phagocytic link of immune system in mild bronchial asthma","authors":"E. Y. Barabash, T. Gvozdenko, M. Antonyuk, K. Khodosova, Yu. G. Sysoeva","doi":"10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-8-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-8-16","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The study of risk factors, defects of cellular and phagocytic links of the immune system with differing degrees of asthma control allows us to determine the features of chronic inflammation and predict the course of the disease. Aim. To assess risk factors and establish the severity of immunological disorders according to the state of the cellular and phagocytic links of the immune system in partially controlled mild asthma. Materials and methods. The study included 184 patients (aged 25 to 50 years) with diagnosed mild asthma, 125 of them with partially controlled course (main group), 59 patients with controlled asthma (comparison group). Risk factors were identified in all patients. CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+, CD16+CD56+, CD3+CD19+ were determined by flow cytofluorimetry. The phagocytic link was evaluated based on the phagocytic activity of neutrophils, phagocytic reserve, phagocytic number, phagocytic number reserve, metabolic activity of neutrophils, neutrophil activation index and its reserve. The control group consisted of 17 healthy volunteers who did not have chronic respiratory diseases. Results. In patients with partially controlled asthma, allergic pathology of extrapulmonary localization was 3.8 times more common, foci of chronic infection were 2 times more common, and chronic herpes virus infection was 2.2 times more common. In case of partially controlled asthma, there was an increase in CD3+4+ lymphocytes by 16% (p<0.001), CD3+4+/CD3+8+ index by 1.2 times (p<0.05), a decrease in CD16+56+ by 19.6%, and CD3+8+ cells by 19.5% (p<0.001) as compared to patients with controlled asthma. Disturbance of the functional and potential capabilities of phagocytic cells was characterized by a decrease in the phagocytic number by 26.5%, the HCT test by 1.4 times (p<0.001). Conclusion. Factors hindering the achievement of control in partially controlled mild asthma may be concomitant allergic diseases, chronic herpes virus infection, a characteristic imbalance of cellular and phagocytic immunity. ","PeriodicalId":9598,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88023410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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