Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1413938
Derya Davarcı, Afranur Pendar
Herein, we have reported the Hg(II) coordination polymer ,(Hg-CP), formulated {[Hg(L)](Cl2)](CH3CN)2}n, behaved as adsorbent against Rhodamine B dye stuff. Dye adsorption studies of coordination polymer were performed out using UV-Vis. absorption spectroscopy. Adsorption experiments were carried out acidic (pH=3) and neutral (pH=6) media and results showed that the compound removed the cationic Rhodamine B from water. In acidic media, adsorption capacity of the Hg-CP was more than neutral media. Also, Hg-CP could selectively adsorb Rhodamine B dye from the Rhodamine B/Methyl orange dye mixture. The colour of the Hg-CP was white before adsorption whereas it changed after adsorption as Rhodamine B adhered to the surface of Hg-CP.
在此，我们报告了配位聚合物{[Hg(L)](Cl2)](CH3CN)2}n对罗丹明 B 染料的吸附作用。使用紫外可见吸收光谱对配位聚合物进行了染料吸附研究。吸附实验分别在酸性（pH=3）和中性（pH=6）介质中进行，结果表明该化合物能去除水中的阳离子罗丹明 B。在酸性介质中，Hg-CP 的吸附能力高于中性介质。此外，Hg-CP 还能从罗丹明 B/甲基橙染料混合物中选择性地吸附罗丹明 B 染料。吸附前 Hg-CP 的颜色是白色的，而吸附后随着罗丹明 B 附着在 Hg-CP 表面，颜色发生了变化。
{"title":"Rhodamine B Hazardous Dye Removal via Adsorption Using Hg(II) Coordination Polymer","authors":"Derya Davarcı, Afranur Pendar","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1413938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1413938","url":null,"abstract":"Herein, we have reported the Hg(II) coordination polymer ,(Hg-CP), formulated {[Hg(L)](Cl2)](CH3CN)2}n, behaved as adsorbent against Rhodamine B dye stuff. Dye adsorption studies of coordination polymer were performed out using UV-Vis. absorption spectroscopy. Adsorption experiments were carried out acidic (pH=3) and neutral (pH=6) media and results showed that the compound removed the cationic Rhodamine B from water. In acidic media, adsorption capacity of the Hg-CP was more than neutral media. Also, Hg-CP could selectively adsorb Rhodamine B dye from the Rhodamine B/Methyl orange dye mixture. The colour of the Hg-CP was white before adsorption whereas it changed after adsorption as Rhodamine B adhered to the surface of Hg-CP.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140378679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-25DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1433245
Murat Kılıç, Fatma MUNGAN KILIÇ
In this study, the anatomical, palynological, and seed micromorphological traits of two Verbascum types found in the Southeastern Anatolia Region were investigated. V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum Murb. and V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum L. are these variation. Cross-sections from the taxa's roots, stems, and leaves were viewed under a light microscope for anatomical study. The xylem components play a significant role in the taxonomic root portions. The pith area is a broad region in stem sections, and the upper portion of the epidermis cells is encircled by a distinct indented cuticle layer. The leaves' primary vein is represented by open collateral bundles. Pollen grains in Verbascum sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum are tricolporate-tricolpate, prolate-spheroidal, and have reticulate exine ornamentation. Similarly, pollen grains in V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum are tricolporate-tricolpate, prolate, and have reticulate exine ornamentation. The brown seeds of V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum and V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum have an alveolate, deep and wide posterior region, a truncated beak, and a prismatic-oblong shape. The ornamentation of the seed coat is made up of irregular polygonal cells that have noticeable and dense vesicles. The importance of a few traits in the Verbascum variety delimitation has been investigated in this study. For the purpose of supporting ancestral traits in the infrageneric classification and helping with genus systematics, some pollen and seed characters which are typically connected to pollen and seed micromorphological and anatomical patterns can be applied.
本研究调查了安纳托利亚东南部地区发现的两种马鞭草的解剖学、古植物学和种子微形态特征。sinuatum subsp.在光学显微镜下观察分类群的根、茎和叶的横切面，进行解剖研究。木质部成分在根的分类中起着重要作用。在茎的切片中，髓区是一个宽阔的区域，表皮细胞的上部被一个明显凹陷的角质层包围。叶片的主脉以开放的侧脉束为代表。adenosepalum 的花粉粒呈三孢子三胞形、球状，并有网状外皮装饰。sinuatum var. sinuatum 的花粉粒也是三孢子三胞形、扁球形，并有网状外皮装饰。sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum 和 V. sinuatum subsp.种皮的装饰由不规则的多角形细胞组成，细胞内有明显而密集的液泡。本研究调查了一些性状在马鞭草品种划分中的重要性。为了支持下属分类中的祖先特征并帮助属的系统学研究，可以应用一些通常与花粉和种子微形态和解剖形态有关的特征。
{"title":"Comparative Anatomy, Pollen and Seed Morphology of Two Verbascum Varieties (Scrophulariaceae) and Their Taxonomic Significance","authors":"Murat Kılıç, Fatma MUNGAN KILIÇ","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1433245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1433245","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, the anatomical, palynological, and seed micromorphological traits of two Verbascum types found in the Southeastern Anatolia Region were investigated. V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum Murb. and V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum L. are these variation. Cross-sections from the taxa's roots, stems, and leaves were viewed under a light microscope for anatomical study. The xylem components play a significant role in the taxonomic root portions. The pith area is a broad region in stem sections, and the upper portion of the epidermis cells is encircled by a distinct indented cuticle layer. The leaves' primary vein is represented by open collateral bundles. Pollen grains in Verbascum sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum are tricolporate-tricolpate, prolate-spheroidal, and have reticulate exine ornamentation. Similarly, pollen grains in V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum are tricolporate-tricolpate, prolate, and have reticulate exine ornamentation. The brown seeds of V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. adenosepalum and V. sinuatum subsp. sinuatum var. sinuatum have an alveolate, deep and wide posterior region, a truncated beak, and a prismatic-oblong shape. The ornamentation of the seed coat is made up of irregular polygonal cells that have noticeable and dense vesicles. The importance of a few traits in the Verbascum variety delimitation has been investigated in this study. For the purpose of supporting ancestral traits in the infrageneric classification and helping with genus systematics, some pollen and seed characters which are typically connected to pollen and seed micromorphological and anatomical patterns can be applied.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140384553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-24DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1416472
Ahmet Murat Şen, Zeki Yildiz
In this study, earthquakes with a magnitude of 3 and above between 35-42 North latitudes and 26-45 East longitudes in and around Turkey between 1980 and 2022 were considered. In this study Turkey and its immediate surroundings were divided into 114 unit squares with latitude and longitude circles in order to reveal the similarities in terms of seismicity. It has been applied a cluster analysis by considering the similarities and hence the dissimilarities for the earthquakes occurring in the unit squares in terms of their magnitudes and depths. Since the sample size was high and the analysis included continuous variables, the earthquake data were grouped into 5 clusters using the non-hierarchical clustering method and the relationships within and between the groups were observed.
{"title":"Investigation of Earthquakes in Turkey with Cluster Analysis","authors":"Ahmet Murat Şen, Zeki Yildiz","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1416472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1416472","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, earthquakes with a magnitude of 3 and above between 35-42 North latitudes and 26-45 East longitudes in and around Turkey between 1980 and 2022 were considered. In this study Turkey and its immediate surroundings were divided into 114 unit squares with latitude and longitude circles in order to reveal the similarities in terms of seismicity. It has been applied a cluster analysis by considering the similarities and hence the dissimilarities for the earthquakes occurring in the unit squares in terms of their magnitudes and depths. Since the sample size was high and the analysis included continuous variables, the earthquake data were grouped into 5 clusters using the non-hierarchical clustering method and the relationships within and between the groups were observed.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140385546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-15DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1405976
O. Adiyaman, Feyza Aydin
In deep rolling, ball and roller type brushing tools are generally used. It is generally difficult to roll deep of contours having curve and conical forms with available rolling tools. The aim of this study is to design experiments with a roller insert that will be alternative to deep rolling inserts used now and can be fixed on the present tool holders and to investigate the usability of them including curve and conical formed work pieces with the help of this designed tool. For this purpose, a spherical insert with a radius of 1 mm in the form of WNMG was designed based on the WNMG insert model and used in deep rolling of Al6061-T6 material using different forms and parameters. 143, 330, 495 N rolling force, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12 mm/rev feed and 400, 600, 800 rpm spindle speed were selected as rolling parameters. By examining the micro-hardness and surface structure of deep-rolled Al6061 parts, the achievability of the results of existing tools in deep rolling was investigated. At the end of the study, it was determined that the new type of rolling tool produced results similar to the existing tools in deep rolling in terms of micro-hardness and surface morphology, which enabled that the work pieces with curve and conical forms could also be rolled, and that this rolling tool could be used as an alternative in deep rolling
{"title":"Deep Rolling of Al6061-T6 Material and Performance Evaluation with New Type Designed WNMG Formed Rolling Tool","authors":"O. Adiyaman, Feyza Aydin","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1405976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1405976","url":null,"abstract":"In deep rolling, ball and roller type brushing tools are generally used. It is generally difficult to roll deep of contours having curve and conical forms with available rolling tools. The aim of this study is to design experiments with a roller insert that will be alternative to deep rolling inserts used now and can be fixed on the present tool holders and to investigate the usability of them including curve and conical formed work pieces with the help of this designed tool. For this purpose, a spherical insert with a radius of 1 mm in the form of WNMG was designed based on the WNMG insert model and used in deep rolling of Al6061-T6 material using different forms and parameters. 143, 330, 495 N rolling force, 0.04, 0.08, 0.12 mm/rev feed and 400, 600, 800 rpm spindle speed were selected as rolling parameters. By examining the micro-hardness and surface structure of deep-rolled Al6061 parts, the achievability of the results of existing tools in deep rolling was investigated. At the end of the study, it was determined that the new type of rolling tool produced results similar to the existing tools in deep rolling in terms of micro-hardness and surface morphology, which enabled that the work pieces with curve and conical forms could also be rolled, and that this rolling tool could be used as an alternative in deep rolling","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140391679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1396129
R. Demi̇r, İsmet Kaya
We formed a heterojunction structure on a p-C10H10N2 film using n-CdS film. It was found that the forward current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of CdS/C10H10N2 exhibited rectifying behavior with a barrier height value of 0.79 eV and an ideality factor value of 1.93 at room temperature. The Schottky barrier diode formed CdS/C10H10N2 displayed non-ideal current-voltage (I-V) behavior, characterized by 1 ideality factor exceeding one. This deviation can be attributed to factors such as the interface layer, interface states, and series resistance. Moreover, the determination of diode parameters, including ideality factor, barrier height, and series resistance, utilized Cheung's functions and a modified Norde function. The comparison revealed consistent barrier height values across all methods, indicating compatibility. Nevertheless, the series resistance values derived from the Norde function were found to be higher than those obtained from the Cheung functions.
{"title":"Electrical Characteristics of Cadmium Sulfide/4-Amino-2-Methyl-Quinoline Heterojunction Structure","authors":"R. Demi̇r, İsmet Kaya","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1396129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1396129","url":null,"abstract":"We formed a heterojunction structure on a p-C10H10N2 film using n-CdS film. It was found that the forward current-voltage (I-V) characteristic of CdS/C10H10N2 exhibited rectifying behavior with a barrier height value of 0.79 eV and an ideality factor value of 1.93 at room temperature. The Schottky barrier diode formed CdS/C10H10N2 displayed non-ideal current-voltage (I-V) behavior, characterized by 1 ideality factor exceeding one. This deviation can be attributed to factors such as the interface layer, interface states, and series resistance. Moreover, the determination of diode parameters, including ideality factor, barrier height, and series resistance, utilized Cheung's functions and a modified Norde function. The comparison revealed consistent barrier height values across all methods, indicating compatibility. Nevertheless, the series resistance values derived from the Norde function were found to be higher than those obtained from the Cheung functions.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140393922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1394435
Z. Dikmen
Semiconductor colloidal nanocrystals are attractive materials since they can be adapted to polymers to form hybrid materials and are compatible with many optical applications. Here, synthesis of CdSe/CdS nanorods (NRs) via hot injection method is carried out, followed by preparation of hybrid polymer films from polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] triblock copolymer (MPEG-b-PGMA-b-DEAEMA) at a liquid-air interface. The optical properties of the films are finely adjusted to form optically anisotropic (i.e. dual-color emissive) films by using dyes for the other emitter as desired. Thiazolo[5,4-d] thiazole (TTz)-based dye and 6-carboxy fluorescein were used for this purpose. Tunable emission of TTz dye from blue to green dependent on changing pH value resulted in blue-green emissive polymer films, while red emission of CdSe/CdS NRs caused red emissive films. Phase separation of these materials is achieved by the hexane-insoluble nature of MPEG-b-PGMA-b-DEAEMA and the high solubility of NRs in it. These dual emissive films are promising candidates for waveguides and optical sensors.
{"title":"Optically Anisotropic Films of Colloidal Nanocrystals/Photoluminescent Dye Doped Polymers","authors":"Z. Dikmen","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1394435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1394435","url":null,"abstract":"Semiconductor colloidal nanocrystals are attractive materials since they can be adapted to polymers to form hybrid materials and are compatible with many optical applications. Here, synthesis of CdSe/CdS nanorods (NRs) via hot injection method is carried out, followed by preparation of hybrid polymer films from polyethylene glycol monomethyl ether-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate)-block-poly[2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] triblock copolymer (MPEG-b-PGMA-b-DEAEMA) at a liquid-air interface. The optical properties of the films are finely adjusted to form optically anisotropic (i.e. dual-color emissive) films by using dyes for the other emitter as desired. Thiazolo[5,4-d] thiazole (TTz)-based dye and 6-carboxy fluorescein were used for this purpose. Tunable emission of TTz dye from blue to green dependent on changing pH value resulted in blue-green emissive polymer films, while red emission of CdSe/CdS NRs caused red emissive films. Phase separation of these materials is achieved by the hexane-insoluble nature of MPEG-b-PGMA-b-DEAEMA and the high solubility of NRs in it. These dual emissive films are promising candidates for waveguides and optical sensors.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1384266
A. Şenol
Merocyanine 540 (MC540)-MnO2 system-based fluorescence sensor is reported as an anion sensor in aqueous solution. MnO2 was synthesized in the presence of KMnO4 and CTAB using MOPS buffer. The formation of MnO2 was first confirmed by a color change and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and absorption spectroscopy techniques. Next, the interaction of MC540 with MnO2 in aqueous solution was investigated at various conditions by UV–Vis. absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and the MC540-MnO2 system to use in fluorescence sensor studies was determined. The sensing ability of the MC540-MnO2 was tested to detect anions as a “Turn-off” fluorescent sensor. The MC540-MnO2 revealed to be high selectivity and sensitivity to detect ClO- ions without being affected by the other thirteen anions. The detection limits for ClO- were evaluated in two different concentration ranges and calculated to be 0.14 µM at 0.33-4.46 µM and 0.38 µM at 5.06-14.30 µM, respectively. Furthermore, interference experiments for ClO- in the presence of other anions were carried out, and it turned out that the system could detect ClO- without being affected by other anions.
{"title":"A Simple Fluorescence Sensor Based on Merocyanine 540-MnO2 System to Detect Hypochlorite","authors":"A. Şenol","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1384266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1384266","url":null,"abstract":"Merocyanine 540 (MC540)-MnO2 system-based fluorescence sensor is reported as an anion sensor in aqueous solution. MnO2 was synthesized in the presence of KMnO4 and CTAB using MOPS buffer. The formation of MnO2 was first confirmed by a color change and characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and absorption spectroscopy techniques. Next, the interaction of MC540 with MnO2 in aqueous solution was investigated at various conditions by UV–Vis. absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy and the MC540-MnO2 system to use in fluorescence sensor studies was determined. The sensing ability of the MC540-MnO2 was tested to detect anions as a “Turn-off” fluorescent sensor. The MC540-MnO2 revealed to be high selectivity and sensitivity to detect ClO- ions without being affected by the other thirteen anions. The detection limits for ClO- were evaluated in two different concentration ranges and calculated to be 0.14 µM at 0.33-4.46 µM and 0.38 µM at 5.06-14.30 µM, respectively. Furthermore, interference experiments for ClO- in the presence of other anions were carried out, and it turned out that the system could detect ClO- without being affected by other anions.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140460641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-28DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1391876
O. Gül
In radiotherapy, tissue equivalent boluses are frequently used in the treatment of superficially located tumors. The air gap between the patient's skin and the bolus may cause dosimetric uncertainties. This study aims to dosimetrically investigate the effect of the air gap between the surface and the bolus on dose distribution. Computed tomography (CT) images of the phantom were obtained and transferred to the treatment planning system (TPS). In the TPS, a bolus was placed on the phantom surface and then air gaps were created between the bolus and the surface. The effect of the air gaps between the surface and the 5 mm thick bolus on the dose distribution was analyzed with the point doses obtained from the TPS. For the 6 MV X-ray, it was observed that the air gap negatively affected the surface doses calculated by TPS. Accordingly, an inverse correlation was found between air gap and surface dose. It is recommended that bolus use, especially in curved anatomical regions, should be applied before CT scanning as much as possible. When using bolus material in radiotherapy, it is recommended to be careful not to leave an air gap between the surface and the bolus.
{"title":"Investigation of Effect of Air Gap between Surface and Bolus on Dose Distribution for 6 MV Photon Beam","authors":"O. Gül","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1391876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1391876","url":null,"abstract":"In radiotherapy, tissue equivalent boluses are frequently used in the treatment of superficially located tumors. The air gap between the patient's skin and the bolus may cause dosimetric uncertainties. This study aims to dosimetrically investigate the effect of the air gap between the surface and the bolus on dose distribution. Computed tomography (CT) images of the phantom were obtained and transferred to the treatment planning system (TPS). In the TPS, a bolus was placed on the phantom surface and then air gaps were created between the bolus and the surface. The effect of the air gaps between the surface and the 5 mm thick bolus on the dose distribution was analyzed with the point doses obtained from the TPS. For the 6 MV X-ray, it was observed that the air gap negatively affected the surface doses calculated by TPS. Accordingly, an inverse correlation was found between air gap and surface dose. It is recommended that bolus use, especially in curved anatomical regions, should be applied before CT scanning as much as possible. When using bolus material in radiotherapy, it is recommended to be careful not to leave an air gap between the surface and the bolus.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-21DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1381567
Müjde DURUKAN GÜLTEPE, Arzu Ege
Quartz, which is one of the most abundant minerals in nature, can be found in magmatic and metamorphic forms, as well as the usual components of granite and sedimentary formations. Quartz minerals, which are also known as the main component of quartzites, are also known as gangue minerals in many mineralizations. Quartz samples from two different sampling levels, namely the Kaletepe lower and the Kaletepe upper region, used in the study were prepared. Thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves of the samples exposed to radiation with a 90Sr/90Y β source were recorded with a TLD reader. While peaks were obtained at approximately 270 °C from the glow curves of the Kaletepe lower samples irradiated with β source, peaks were obtained at approximately 270 °C and 350 °C from the Kaletepe upper samples. When the annual average dose and age values of the lower and upper Kaletepe samples are examined, it can be said that it was formed in a time period of ~8000 years between two areas with a height difference of 130m.
{"title":"Dose Determination of Fluvial Sediments in Manisa","authors":"Müjde DURUKAN GÜLTEPE, Arzu Ege","doi":"10.18466/cbayarfbe.1381567","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1381567","url":null,"abstract":"Quartz, which is one of the most abundant minerals in nature, can be found in magmatic and metamorphic forms, as well as the usual components of granite and sedimentary formations. Quartz minerals, which are also known as the main component of quartzites, are also known as gangue minerals in many mineralizations. Quartz samples from two different sampling levels, namely the Kaletepe lower and the Kaletepe upper region, used in the study were prepared. Thermoluminescence (TL) glow curves of the samples exposed to radiation with a 90Sr/90Y β source were recorded with a TLD reader. While peaks were obtained at approximately 270 °C from the glow curves of the Kaletepe lower samples irradiated with β source, peaks were obtained at approximately 270 °C and 350 °C from the Kaletepe upper samples. When the annual average dose and age values of the lower and upper Kaletepe samples are examined, it can be said that it was formed in a time period of ~8000 years between two areas with a height difference of 130m.","PeriodicalId":9653,"journal":{"name":"Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138952914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1339702
İsmail Demi̇r
Leibniz algebras are nonanticommutative versions of Lie algebras. Lie algebras have many applications in many scientific areas as well as mathematical areas. Scientists from different disciplines have used specific examples of Lie algebras according to their needs. However, we mathematicians are more interested in generality than in obtaining a few examples. The classification problem for Leibniz algebras has an intrinsically wild nature as in Lie algebras. In this article, the approach of congruence classes of bilinear forms is extended to classify certain subclasses of seven-dimensional nilpotent Leibniz algebras over complex numbers. Certain cases of seven-dimensional complex nilpotent Leibniz algebras of those with one-dimensional Leib ideal and derived algebra of codimension two are classified.
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