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Narrative medicine in the art of healing in clinical practice 叙事医学在临床实践中的治疗艺术
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9797
Nandani De Silva
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Awareness and oral care provided by intensive care nurses – a multicentred, cross-sectional study 重症监护护士对口腔护理的认识和提供的口腔护理--一项多中心横断面研究
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9707
Karthik Sritharan, D. L. Bandara, P. H. G. J. Pushpakumara
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
A rarity of an uncommon entity; 2 case reports of mycotic aneurysm in melioidosis 罕见病例中的罕见病;两例瓜虫病霉菌性动脉瘤病例报告
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9498
Thivandika Jayasundera, B. Piyasiri, Ranjuka Ubayasiri, E. Corea, Yashangi Wagaarachchige
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis in a young female with excellent response to corticosteroids 一名对皮质类固醇反应良好的年轻女性患上急性出血性白质脑炎
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9677
F. Nasim, M. Fasrina, Sunil Bowattage, Wickramasooriyage K. Kularatne, V. J. Kobbegala
Background: Acute hemorrhagic leukoencephalitis (AHLE) is a rare fulminant entity of acute disseminated leukoencephalitis (ADEM) that has a rapidly progressive polysymptomatology corresponding to areas of brain affected. It’s characterized by rapid cognitive decline, coma or even rapid death. It is postulated to be a post infective immune mediated monophasic demyelinating disease. Diagnosis is clinical supported by CSF and MRI findings. It is challenging to differentiate the disease from MDEM (multiphasic demyelinating encephalomyelitis) and multiple sclerosis during the initial presentation.Case presentation: Here we report a case of a 36-yearold Sri Lankan Sinhalese lady who presented with seizure following febrile illness followed by gross right sided hemiparesis later progressing to mutism and cognitive decline. Her CSF showed pleocytosis 12/cumm with 5% polymorphs, red cells, mildly high proteins with normal glucose and positive oligoclonal bands. MRI showed evidence of multiple focal supra and infratentorial signal abnormalities and gyral thickening with hemorrhages, largest lesions being in left frontal region with mass effect but no herniation. She was diagnosed with AHLE and treated with high dose IV methyl prednisolone later converting to oral prednisolone tapering regime. She was continued on intravenous cefotaxime and acyclovir as per meningoencephalitis. Improvement with steroids was dramatic with complete neurological recovery, minimal sequel and no recurrences at 6 months follow up.Conclusion: The case is a representation of a very rare entity of an infrequently reported disease which needs high degree of clinical suspicion with early imaging for aggressive and early immunosuppressive treatment that may hinder progression to commonly described sequel including coma, death or residual neurology. The predictions on future MDEM or MS on first presentation and overlap are areas that need further exploration.
背景:急性出血性脑白质炎(AHLE)是急性播散性脑白质炎(ADEM)的一种罕见暴发型疾病,它具有与脑部受影响区域相对应的快速进展性多症状表现。其特点是认知能力迅速下降、昏迷甚至迅速死亡。据推测,这是一种感染后免疫介导的单相脱髓鞘疾病。临床诊断需要脑脊液和核磁共振成像结果的支持。在最初发病时,很难将该病与多发性脱髓鞘脑脊髓炎(MDEM)和多发性硬化症区分开来:在此,我们报告了一例 36 岁的斯里兰卡僧伽罗妇女的病例,她在发热后出现癫痫发作,随后出现严重的右侧偏瘫,后来发展为缄默症和认知能力下降。她的脑脊液显示多形性红细胞增多 12 个/立方厘米,多形性红细胞占 5%,蛋白质轻度偏高,葡萄糖正常,寡克隆抗体阳性。核磁共振成像显示多发局灶性脑室上、下信号异常,脑回增厚伴出血,最大的病灶位于左额叶区,有肿块效应,但无疝。她被诊断为AHLE,接受了大剂量静脉甲基泼尼松龙治疗,随后转为口服泼尼松龙减量疗法。根据脑膜脑炎的情况,她继续静脉注射头孢他啶和阿昔洛韦。使用类固醇药物后,病情明显好转,神经功能完全恢复,后遗症极少,随访 6 个月无复发:该病例是一种非常罕见的罕见疾病,临床上需要高度怀疑,并进行早期影像学检查,以采取积极的早期免疫抑制治疗,这样才有可能阻止疾病发展为常见的后遗症,包括昏迷、死亡或残留神经病。首次发病时对未来 MDEM 或 MS 的预测和重叠是需要进一步探讨的领域。
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引用次数: 0
Adherence to antibiotics among adults at state sector primary care in a district of Sri Lanka – a descriptive cross sectional study 斯里兰卡某地区国营初级保健机构成人抗生素使用情况--一项描述性横断面研究
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9602
Shalinie Nirma Malintha, Prasanna Siriwardena, M. Weerasinghe
Objectives: To assess the adherence and factors associated with oral antibiotic prescriptions among adults in state sector primary care while assessing the intention to use leftover antibiotics (LOAB).Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in outpatient departments including 407 adults (18-75) using an interviewer administered questionnaire at consultation and a telephone interview at due completion of antibiotic. Adherence was measured by a self-report supplemented by remaining pill count. Factors associated with adherence were determined. The statistical significance was considered as p≤0.05.Results: Adherence to antibiotic prescription was 45.5%. Female gender (p=0.029, OR=1.86) and awareness on the current antibiotic prescription (p=0.000, OR=6.37) were positive associations. Adherence was inversely proportionate to increasing daily dosage frequency (p=0.001). Patient’s belief, they can stop medicine once they feel better (p=0.000), fast improvement of symptoms with medication (p=0.000), interference to lifestyle by the antibiotic dosage schedule (p=0.000) and using LOAB in the past (p=0.000,) were negatively associated. Of the non-adherent patients 20.3% intended to use LOAB later.Conclusions: Adherence to oral antibiotic prescriptions was poor. Patient’s gender, patient beliefs and practices towards medicine and complexity of dosage schedule were associated factors. Patient awareness on the current prescription promoted adherence. Intension to use LOAB was high.Recommendations: Primary care prescribers should make patients aware on antibiotic prescriptions while using less complex regimens.
目的评估国营基层医疗机构成人口服抗生素处方的依从性及相关因素,同时评估使用剩余抗生素(LOAB)的意向:在门诊部进行了一项描述性横断面研究,包括 407 名成人(18-75 岁),在就诊时使用访问者发放的问卷,并在抗生素用完时进行电话访问。依从性是通过自我报告并辅以剩余药片计数来衡量的。确定了与依从性相关的因素。统计学意义以 p≤0.05 为准:结果:抗生素处方的依从性为 45.5%。女性(p=0.029,OR=1.86)和对当前抗生素处方的认识(p=0.000,OR=6.37)呈正相关。依从性与每日用药次数的增加成反比(p=0.001)。患者认为一旦感觉好转就可以停药(p=0.000)、用药后症状改善快(p=0.000)、抗生素剂量表对生活方式的干扰(p=0.000)和过去使用过 LOAB(p=0.000)则呈负相关。在非依从性患者中,20.3%的人打算以后使用LOAB:结论:口服抗生素处方的依从性很差。结论:口服抗生素处方的依从性很差,与患者的性别、患者对药物的信仰和习惯以及剂量表的复杂性有关。患者对当前处方的认识促进了对处方的依从性。使用 LOAB 的意愿很高:建议:初级保健处方者应让患者了解抗生素处方,同时采用不太复杂的治疗方案。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical characteristics of pituitary hormone deficiency in children: A single centre experience 儿童垂体激素缺乏症的临床特征:单一中心的经验
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9502
B. C. Lakmini, Himali Erandathie Ratnayake, N. Atapattu
Background: The clinical presentation of hypopituitarism varies from asymptomatic to circulatory compromise. The late diagnosis may cause significant mortality and morbidity. There is scant data on the clinical profile.Method: A cross-sectional descriptive analysis was carried out on diagnosed children with hypopituitarism at the endocrinology unit of Lady Ridgeway Hospital for Children, Sri Lanka, from 2013-2021. The presence and progression of pituitary hormonal deficiency were ascertained.Results: Out of the total 94 children with hypopituitarism, 52 had congenital hypopituitarism with a median presenting age of 5.86 years (IQR 3-9). Short stature was the commonest presentation (59.6%). Multiple pituitary hormone deficiency (MPHD) was seen in 27 (51.91%). MPHD was associated with the presence of postnatal risk factors (OR 2.036, 95% CI 1.94-3.786) and MRI Imaging abnormalities in hypothalamic-pituitary morphogenesis (OR 1.768, 95% CI 1.087-2.874). 90.4% with GHD, 46.2% with ACTH deficiency, and 40.4% with TSH deficiency had the mean age of presentation 6.54 years, 6.11 years, and 5.56 years respectively. Of the children above 13 years, 57% showed hypogonadism. Hypoplastic anterior pituitary (40.4%) was the commonest MRI abnormality. Out of the 42 children with brain tumours, 25 (59.52%) had craniopharyngioma, and 13 (31%) had Medulloblastoma, while MPHD was seen in 32 (76.2%). Hormone deficiency at the presentation was seen in 57.1%.Conclusion: Comprehensive evaluation and periodic screening are mandatory for the timely diagnosis of MPHD.
背景:垂体功能减退症的临床表现从无症状到危及循环系统不等。晚期诊断可能会导致严重的死亡率和发病率。有关临床概况的数据很少:方法:对斯里兰卡里奇韦夫人儿童医院内分泌科 2013-2021 年确诊的垂体功能减退症患儿进行了横断面描述性分析。结果显示,共有 94 名垂体功能减退症患儿:结果:在94名垂体功能减退症患儿中,52人患有先天性垂体功能减退症,中位发病年龄为5.86岁(IQR为3-9岁)。身材矮小是最常见的表现(59.6%)。27例(51.91%)患者存在多发性垂体激素缺乏症(MPHD)。多发性垂体激素缺乏症与产后风险因素(OR 2.036,95% CI 1.94-3.786)和核磁共振成像下丘脑-垂体形态发生异常(OR 1.768,95% CI 1.087-2.874)有关。90.4% 的 GHD 患儿、46.2% 的 ACTH 缺乏症患儿和 40.4% 的 TSH 缺乏症患儿的平均发病年龄分别为 6.54 岁、6.11 岁和 5.56 岁。在13岁以上的儿童中,57%出现性腺功能减退症。垂体前叶发育不良(40.4%)是最常见的磁共振成像异常。在42名患有脑肿瘤的儿童中,25人(59.52%)患有颅咽管瘤,13人(31%)患有髓母细胞瘤,32人(76.2%)患有MPHD。57.1%的患者在发病时患有激素缺乏症:结论:全面评估和定期筛查是及时诊断多发性骨髓增生异常综合症的必要条件。
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引用次数: 0
An ABO-incompatible living donor liver transplant in an infant with acute liver failure in the Sri Lankan setting 斯里兰卡一名急性肝功能衰竭婴儿的 ABO 不兼容活体肝移植手术
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9714
Meranthi Fernando, S. Tillakaratne, B. Gunetilleke, Chamila Liyanage, C. Appuhamy, Aruna Weerasuriya, Janaki Dissanayake, Rohan Siriwardana
Liver transplant (LT) is the standard therapy for medically refractory acute liver failure (ALF). Finding a deceaseddonor graft in an emergency is challenging and often overcome by living-donation. Blood group matching is practised for LT though ABO-incompatible liver transplant (ABOi-LT) is performed inselected circumstances. We report an infant who underwent successful ABOincompatible living donor LT for ALF of unknown aetiology. This being the country’s first ABOi-LT, the youngest LT recipient to date and the youngest receiving emergency LT for ALF; we describe the novel experience at a resource-limited setting in Sri Lanka (SL).
肝移植(LT)是治疗药物难治性急性肝衰竭(ALF)的标准疗法。在紧急情况下寻找供体具有挑战性,通常需要活体供体。虽然ABO血型不相容肝移植(ABOi-LT)是在特殊情况下进行的,但在LT中也实行血型匹配。我们报告了一名因病因不明的 ALF 而成功接受 ABO 不相容活体肝移植的婴儿。这是斯里兰卡的首例ABOi-LT,也是迄今为止年龄最小的LT受者和年龄最小的因ALF而接受紧急LT的受者。
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引用次数: 0
Mirror writing – A case of dissociative (conversion) disorder 镜像写作--一个分离型(转换型)障碍的案例
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9198
Amodha Medagedara, D. C. S. K. Kotalawala, Shehan Williams
No abstract available
无摘要
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引用次数: 0
Perioperative transfusion of red cell products in patients operated at general surgical units of National Hospital of Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡国立医院普通外科手术患者围手术期输注红细胞产品的情况
IF 0.4 Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68i1.9299
Ashan Rabinath Fernando, O. Basnayake, S. Sivaganesh
Indications for red cell transfusion among general surgical patients have changed over time. Despite a scarcity in evidence, many international guidelines advocate a restrictive transfusion protocol.Objectives: To describe the red cell transfusion practices including transfusion thresholds in general surgical wards of a tertiary hospital in Sri Lanka.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was done in all general surgical units of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka, Colombo. All patients transfused with red cell products for a 3-month period from 1/5/2017-1/8/2017 were included in the study. Indications for transfusion, haemoglobin at transfusion and the number of units transfused was the primary data recorded.Results: A total of 196 patients were included in the study. Most transfusions 79.08% (n=155) were for elective reasons. Most elective transfusions were to facilitate chronic extremity wound healing (52.2%, n=81). Most emergency transfusions were for intraoperative bleeding (31.7%, n=13). The majority (73.5%, n=114) of elective transfusions occurred at a Hb of 7-10 g/dL. The mean number of RBC units transfused in elective circumstances for a Hb of 7-10 g/dL was 1.59. A pre-transfusion blood picture was not available in over 85% (n=132) of elective transfusions. Only a single febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction was reported.Conclusions: The study revealed substantial divergence of red cell transfusion thresholds in perioperative practice when compared with international guidelines, nonadherence to rational practice such as obtaining a blood picture prior to elective transfusion and therefore the need to formulate local guidelines. It also highlighted the transfusion burden of diabetic foot disease.
随着时间的推移,普外科患者输注红细胞的指征发生了变化。尽管证据不足,但许多国际指南仍提倡限制性输血方案:描述斯里兰卡一家三级医院普通外科病房的红细胞输注情况,包括输血阈值:方法:在科伦坡斯里兰卡国立医院的所有普通外科病房进行了一项描述性横断面研究。从 2017 年 5 月 1 日至 2017 年 8 月 1 日的 3 个月期间,所有输用红细胞产品的患者均被纳入研究范围。记录的主要数据包括输血指征、输血时的血红蛋白和输血单位数:研究共纳入 196 名患者。大多数输血79.08%(n=155)是出于选择性原因。大多数选择性输血是为了促进四肢慢性伤口愈合(52.2%,n=81)。大多数紧急输血是为了术中出血(31.7%,n=13)。大多数(73.5%,n=114)选择性输血发生在 Hb 为 7-10 g/dL 时。在 Hb 为 7-10 g/dL 的情况下,选择性输血的平均红细胞单位数为 1.59。超过 85% 的择期输血患者(n=132)无法获得输血前的血象。仅报告了一次发热性非溶血性输血反应:这项研究表明,与国际指南相比,围手术期输注红细胞的阈值存在很大差异,而且没有遵守合理的做法,如在择期输血前获得血象,因此有必要制定地方指南。会议还强调了糖尿病足疾病的输血负担。
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引用次数: 0
Human resources for health in Sri Lanka over the post-independence period: key issues 独立后时期斯里兰卡卫生人力资源:主要问题
Pub Date : 2023-08-24 DOI: 10.4038/cmj.v68isi1.9733
Dileep De Silva, Madawa Chandrathilake, Nilanthi De Silva
No abstract available
没有摘要
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引用次数: 0
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Ceylon Medical Journal
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