The influence of the main structural parameters (molecular weight and hard blocks content) as well as methods of filling linear block-polyurethanes and their compositions on their strength, deformation, rheological and tribotechnical characteristics has been studied. A complex approach to produce polyurethane compositions of improved wear resistance has been suggested.
{"title":"Regulation Features of Structure of Linear Block-Copolyurethane Composites of High Wear Resistance","authors":"V. Anisimov, V. V. Anisimov","doi":"10.23939/CHCHT15.01.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/CHCHT15.01.033","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the main structural parameters (molecular weight and hard blocks content) as well as methods of filling linear block-polyurethanes and their compositions on their strength, deformation, rheological and tribotechnical characteristics has been studied. A complex approach to produce polyurethane compositions of improved wear resistance has been suggested.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77620443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Jayanudin, M. Fahrurrozi, S. K. Wirawan, R. Rochmadi
In this study, chitosan-based carrier of red ginger oleoresin was prepared using the emulsion cross-linking technique with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. The effect of chitosan and TPP concentration, as well as pH on the encapsulation efficiency, particle size and characterization of chitosan microcapsule was determined. The antioxidant activity of microcapsules was analyzed. Chitosan microcapsules containing red ginger oleoresin were produced although with non-smooth surfaces.
{"title":"The Development, Evaluation, and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Chitosan Microcapsules Containing Red Ginger Oleoresin with Sodium Tripolyphosphate Prepared by Emulsion Cross-linking Technique","authors":"J. Jayanudin, M. Fahrurrozi, S. K. Wirawan, R. Rochmadi","doi":"10.23939/CHCHT15.01.040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/CHCHT15.01.040","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, chitosan-based carrier of red ginger oleoresin was prepared using the emulsion cross-linking technique with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) as a cross-linking agent. The effect of chitosan and TPP concentration, as well as pH on the encapsulation efficiency, particle size and characterization of chitosan microcapsule was determined. The antioxidant activity of microcapsules was analyzed. Chitosan microcapsules containing red ginger oleoresin were produced although with non-smooth surfaces.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73674128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Dutka, Lviv Ukraine Mefodia St., N. Oshchapovska
Oligomeric peroxide adsorption of sebacic acid on aerosil and magnesium oxide was studied. Adsorption process parameters were found. It is shown that the adsorption takes place through the hydrogen bonds formation between OH– groups of adsorbents surface and peroxide groups. The adsorption process suggests the behavior of peroxide compounds on the water-air phase’s interface. Monomolecular film formations on water surface for oligomeric peroxides were studied. It was found that calculated values of the area extrapolated to zero pressure (S0) depend on the solvent which was used to apply the peroxide in the phases interface. Oligomeric peroxide monolayers considered as condensation-type monolayers. Thermal decomposition of oligomeric peroxide and its di- and monoperoxide analogues was studied. It was shown that total constants of thermal degradation rate k for oligomeric peroxide are higher than those for di- and monoperoxide analogues. There is a correlation between S0 calculated values and the constants of thermal degradation rate for oligoperoxide. The less is S0 value the higher is k value. The conformational state of the macromolecule was preserved during transferring the oligomeric peroxide solution in an organic solvent to the phases interface that affects k values.
{"title":"Adsorption of Oligomeric Peroxides on Aerosil and Magnesium Oxide and Their Behavior on the Water-Air Phases Interface","authors":"V. Dutka, Lviv Ukraine Mefodia St., N. Oshchapovska","doi":"10.23939/CHCHT15.01.047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/CHCHT15.01.047","url":null,"abstract":"Oligomeric peroxide adsorption of sebacic acid on aerosil and magnesium oxide was studied. Adsorption process parameters were found. It is shown that the adsorption takes place through the hydrogen bonds formation between OH– groups of adsorbents surface and peroxide groups. The adsorption process suggests the behavior of peroxide compounds on the water-air phase’s interface. Monomolecular film formations on water surface for oligomeric peroxides were studied. It was found that calculated values of the area extrapolated to zero pressure (S0) depend on the solvent which was used to apply the peroxide in the phases interface. Oligomeric peroxide monolayers considered as condensation-type monolayers. Thermal decomposition of oligomeric peroxide and its di- and monoperoxide analogues was studied. It was shown that total constants of thermal degradation rate k for oligomeric peroxide are higher than those for di- and monoperoxide analogues. There is a correlation between S0 calculated values and the constants of thermal degradation rate for oligoperoxide. The less is S0 value the higher is k value. The conformational state of the macromolecule was preserved during transferring the oligomeric peroxide solution in an organic solvent to the phases interface that affects k values.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76387465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Rybalkin, L. Strelnikov, O. Strilets, O. Kaliuzhnaia, S. Kutsenko
Quality indicators such as protein content, polysaccharide content, phenol content, and pH of the developed vaccine solution for injection (VSI) “Candidocyde” based on cells of C. albicans and C. tropicalis fungi have been found to meet the standard requirements. It was determined that by the indicator of transparency and degree of turbidity the test solution is transparent, by the coloration degree it is colorless, by the sterility indicator it is sterile. The sterility period, determined after the first opening, is 8 hours. It was found that no solid particles were present in the solution; the container with the solution is hermetic; the volume of the container with a solution is not less than 5.0 ml. The test solution is stable for 2 years of storage at 275-265 K.
{"title":"Chemical Analysis and the Study of Quality Indicators of the Immunobiological Drug for Preventing and Treating Candidal Infections","authors":"M. Rybalkin, L. Strelnikov, O. Strilets, O. Kaliuzhnaia, S. Kutsenko","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.455","url":null,"abstract":"Quality indicators such as protein content, polysaccharide content, phenol content, and pH of the developed vaccine solution for injection (VSI) “Candidocyde” based on cells of C. albicans and C. tropicalis fungi have been found to meet the standard requirements. It was determined that by the indicator of transparency and degree of turbidity the test solution is transparent, by the coloration degree it is colorless, by the sterility indicator it is sterile. The sterility period, determined after the first opening, is 8 hours. It was found that no solid particles were present in the solution; the container with the solution is hermetic; the volume of the container with a solution is not less than 5.0 ml. The test solution is stable for 2 years of storage at 275-265 K.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90860148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Sobol, Serhiy Solodkyy, N. Petrovska, S. Belov, Oleksii Hunyak, Volodymyr Hidei, SC “Kyiv Cardboard
The hydraulic properties of ash from incinerated wastepaper sludge were investigated. It is shown that the phase composition of wastepaper sludge after heat treatment is similar to the classical fired carbonate-clay mixes. The necessity of using the combination of retarding admixtures with different action mechanism is shown. The strength in the initial hardening period is ensured by the formation of AFm-phases and ettringite, and subsequently by increasing the role of CSH.
{"title":"Chemical Composition and Hydraulic Properties of Incinerated Wastepaper Sludge","authors":"K. Sobol, Serhiy Solodkyy, N. Petrovska, S. Belov, Oleksii Hunyak, Volodymyr Hidei, SC “Kyiv Cardboard","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.538","url":null,"abstract":"The hydraulic properties of ash from incinerated wastepaper sludge were investigated. It is shown that the phase composition of wastepaper sludge after heat treatment is similar to the classical fired carbonate-clay mixes. The necessity of using the combination of retarding admixtures with different action mechanism is shown. The strength in the initial hardening period is ensured by the formation of AFm-phases and ettringite, and subsequently by increasing the role of CSH.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72391595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
О. Savvova, H. Voronov, О. Babich, O. Fesenko, S. Riabinin, R. Bieliakov, Moskovskaya St. Kyiv Ukraine
Relevance of the development of high-strength glass-ceramic coatings obtained by resource-saving technology for protective elements has been established. Structure formation mechanism in magnesium aluminosilicate glasses during heat treatment has been analyzed. Selection of the system was substantiated, model glasses and glass-ceramic materials on its base have been developed. Patterns of structure regularity and formation of the phase composition of glass-ceramic materials during their ceramization have been investigated. It was established that the presence of crystalline phase of mullite after melting leads to formation of the primary crystals and allows the formation of the fine crystalline structure under conditions of the low-temperature heat treatment at the nucleation stage. Developed high-strength glass ceramic materials can be used as a base in creating protective elements for special-purpose vehicles by energy-saving technology.
{"title":"Solid Solutions Formation Mechanism in Cordierite-Mullite Glass Materials During Ceramization","authors":"О. Savvova, H. Voronov, О. Babich, O. Fesenko, S. Riabinin, R. Bieliakov, Moskovskaya St. Kyiv Ukraine","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.583","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance of the development of high-strength glass-ceramic coatings obtained by resource-saving technology for protective elements has been established. Structure formation mechanism in magnesium aluminosilicate glasses during heat treatment has been analyzed. Selection of the system was substantiated, model glasses and glass-ceramic materials on its base have been developed. Patterns of structure regularity and formation of the phase composition of glass-ceramic materials during their ceramization have been investigated. It was established that the presence of crystalline phase of mullite after melting leads to formation of the primary crystals and allows the formation of the fine crystalline structure under conditions of the low-temperature heat treatment at the nucleation stage. Developed high-strength glass ceramic materials can be used as a base in creating protective elements for special-purpose vehicles by energy-saving technology.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89615152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Levytskyi, A. Masyuk, D. S. Katruk, R. Kuzioła, M. Bratychak, Nataliia Chopyk, U. Khromyak
Physico-chemical properties of developed nickel-containing modified silicate materials as the nucleators for composites based on polyamide 6 are presented. As it was established, additive of the nucleator modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone promotes the increase of crystallinity degree of polyamide 6 and the decrease of crystallite size. It was found that changes in the structure of the material cause the increase of its tensile strength, surface hardness and Vicat softening point.
{"title":"Influence of Polymer-Silicate Nucleator on the Structure and Properties of Polyamide 6","authors":"V. Levytskyi, A. Masyuk, D. S. Katruk, R. Kuzioła, M. Bratychak, Nataliia Chopyk, U. Khromyak","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.496","url":null,"abstract":"Physico-chemical properties of developed nickel-containing modified silicate materials as the nucleators for composites based on polyamide 6 are presented. As it was established, additive of the nucleator modified by polyvinylpyrrolidone promotes the increase of crystallinity degree of polyamide 6 and the decrease of crystallite size. It was found that changes in the structure of the material cause the increase of its tensile strength, surface hardness and Vicat softening point.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77413774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Semeniuk, T. Pokynbroda, V. Kochubei, H. Midyana, O. Karpenko, V. Skorokhoda
The biosynthesis of cellular polymers of Azotobacter vinelandii N-15 strain using molasses as a carbon source has been optimized. The highest yield of polymer (25.8 % of cell mass) was obtained on a nutrient medium with a molasses concentration of 50 g/l. Using TL-chromatography and IR-spectroscopy the obtained product was identified as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and its properties were investigated. The wetting contact angle was used to characterize the biopolymer film surface properties. According to the results of thermal and thermomechanical studies, it was found that the obtained РHB is characterized by a high thermal stability and heat resistance: the melting point is 462 K; deep destruction and thermooxidative processes begin at the temperatures above 567 K.
{"title":"Biosynthesis and Characteristics of Polyhydroxyalkanoates. 1. Polyhydroxybutyrates of Azotobacter vinelandii N-15","authors":"I. Semeniuk, T. Pokynbroda, V. Kochubei, H. Midyana, O. Karpenko, V. Skorokhoda","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.463","url":null,"abstract":"The biosynthesis of cellular polymers of Azotobacter vinelandii N-15 strain using molasses as a carbon source has been optimized. The highest yield of polymer (25.8 % of cell mass) was obtained on a nutrient medium with a molasses concentration of 50 g/l. Using TL-chromatography and IR-spectroscopy the obtained product was identified as polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), and its properties were investigated. The wetting contact angle was used to characterize the biopolymer film surface properties. According to the results of thermal and thermomechanical studies, it was found that the obtained РHB is characterized by a high thermal stability and heat resistance: the melting point is 462 K; deep destruction and thermooxidative processes begin at the temperatures above 567 K.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82293880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new method to synthesise polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDM) with various molecular weights (1000, 3000, 6000 and 8000 g/mol) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been developed. This technique consists in using Maghnite-H+ as eco-catalyst to replace еriethylamine, which is toxic. Maghnite-H+ is a proton exchanged montmorillonite clay which is prepared through a simple exchange process. Synthesis experiments are performed in solution using dichloromethane as solvent in the presence of methacrylic anhydride. The effect of reaction time, temperature, amount of catalyst and amount of methacrylic anhydride is studied in order to find the optimal reaction conditions. The synthesis in solution leads to the best yield (98 %) at room temperature for the reaction time of 5 h. The structure of the obtained macromonomers (PEGDM) is confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, where the methacrylate end groups are clearly visible. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is used to study the thermal stability of these obtained macromonomers. The presence of unsaturated end group was confirmed by UV-Visible analysis.
{"title":"A New Green Catalyst for Synthesis of bis-Macromonomers of Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)","authors":"Sara Haoue, H. Derdar, M. Belbachir, A. Harrane","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.468","url":null,"abstract":"A new method to synthesise polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate (PEGDM) with various molecular weights (1000, 3000, 6000 and 8000 g/mol) of polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been developed. This technique consists in using Maghnite-H+ as eco-catalyst to replace еriethylamine, which is toxic. Maghnite-H+ is a proton exchanged montmorillonite clay which is prepared through a simple exchange process. Synthesis experiments are performed in solution using dichloromethane as solvent in the presence of methacrylic anhydride. The effect of reaction time, temperature, amount of catalyst and amount of methacrylic anhydride is studied in order to find the optimal reaction conditions. The synthesis in solution leads to the best yield (98 %) at room temperature for the reaction time of 5 h. The structure of the obtained macromonomers (PEGDM) is confirmed by FTIR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR, where the methacrylate end groups are clearly visible. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is used to study the thermal stability of these obtained macromonomers. The presence of unsaturated end group was confirmed by UV-Visible analysis.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90229567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Brostow, Hanna Fałtynowicz, O. Gencel, A. Grigoriev, H. E. H. Lobland, Danny Zhang, Wrocław Poland Gdańska St.
A definition of rigidity of polymers and polymer-based composites (PBCs) by an equation is formulated. We also discuss tribological properties of polymers and PBCs including frictions (static, sliding and rolling) and wear. We discuss connections between viscoelastic recovery in scratch resistance testing with brittleness B, as well as Charpy and Izod impact strengths relations with B. Flexibility Y is related to a dynamic friction. A thermophysical property, namely linear thermal expansivity, is also related to the brittleness B. A discussion of equipment needed to measure a variety of properties is included.
{"title":"Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Polymers and Polymer-Based Composites","authors":"W. Brostow, Hanna Fałtynowicz, O. Gencel, A. Grigoriev, H. E. H. Lobland, Danny Zhang, Wrocław Poland Gdańska St.","doi":"10.23939/chcht14.04.514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht14.04.514","url":null,"abstract":"A definition of rigidity of polymers and polymer-based composites (PBCs) by an equation is formulated. We also discuss tribological properties of polymers and PBCs including frictions (static, sliding and rolling) and wear. We discuss connections between viscoelastic recovery in scratch resistance testing with brittleness B, as well as Charpy and Izod impact strengths relations with B. Flexibility Y is related to a dynamic friction. A thermophysical property, namely linear thermal expansivity, is also related to the brittleness B. A discussion of equipment needed to measure a variety of properties is included.","PeriodicalId":9793,"journal":{"name":"Chemistry & Chemical Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2020-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79167375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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