Cellular and molecular biology最新文献

The RENAL nephrometry score (RNS) is a standardized approach for grading the complexity of renal masses, although it does not have a strong correlation with the perioperative outcomes of open partial nephrectomy. To address these issues, a modified RENAL has been proposed.  The study's goal is to determine the usefulness of a modified RENAL nephrometry score in predicting perioperative outcomes after open partial nephrectomy. This interventional multicentric trial included 47 adult patients with T1N0M0 renal masses of 7 cm or less, which were appropriate for open partial nephrectomy. Salah et al. presented a modified R.E.N.A.L classification system, which was used to assess renal complexity. Demographics, anthropometrics, prior medical history, renal mass features, histological diagnosis, and perioperative data were all collected for examination. Logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic curve analysis were used to predict perioperative problems. The patients' average age was 52.0 ± 13.1 years, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.24:1. The modified R.E.N.A.L score averaged 9.6 ± 1.8. Perioperative problems occurred in 42.6% of cases. The moderate complexity group experienced a lengthier hospital stay (2.7 ± 0.6 days) than the mild complexity group (2.3 ± 0.5 days, p = 0.008). The R.E.N.A.L. score was identified as an independent predictor of perioperative complications (OR: 1.48; 95% CI: 1.03-2.26, p = 0.046), with an acceptable cut-off point of 8.7 (AUC = 0.68). The modified RENAL is an important tool for identifying renal malignancies based on their anatomic characteristics, which aids in the prediction of perioperative complication rates.

To assess the protective effects of (-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a natural antioxidant, against cellular oxidative damage induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs), Human Colon cells NCM460 and Colon Cancer cells SW620 were selected for this study. The cells were divided into three groups: control group, TiO2-NPs (80 μg/mL) exposure group, and EGCG (20 μmol/L)+TiO2-NPs (80 μg/mL) co-exposure group. The study evaluated the precipitation rate of TiO2-NPs influenced by EGCG in a cell-free system. It also measured the levels of ROS, MDA, and total antioxidant capacity in the cells of each group. The uptake of TiO2-NPs by the cells was assessed using the SSCe/SSC0 ratio, and genome instability was evaluated. The results demonstrated that the addition of 20 μmol/L EGCG to the system resulted in greater sedimentation of TiO2-NPs compared to TiO2-NPs alone (P<0.05). The SSCe/SSC0 values in the co-exposure group were significantly lower than those in the TiO2-NPs alone group (P<0.001). TiO2-NPs induced a higher oxidative stress index in the cells (P<0.001), while the co-exposure group exhibited a lower REDOX index (P<0.001). The combination of EGCG and TiO2-NPs did not significantly affect genome instability in either cell line. Importantly, EGCG showed a certain inhibitory effect on oxidative damage to colon cells induced by TiO2-NPs, with no significant difference observed between normal and cancer cells in terms of this protective effect. Conducting a comprehensive investigation into the interaction mechanism between EGCG and TiO2-NPs is crucial for establishing a scientific foundation that can guide the optimal utilization of the antioxidant properties of EGCG to mitigate the toxicity associated with TiO2-NPs.

Given the significance of investigating ovarian reserve in infertile women, the limitations of existing diagnostic tests, and the absence of similar studies in this area, the present study aimed to examine the relationship between systemic inflammatory markers in patients with diminished ovarian reserve referred to the fertility clinic of Alzahra Hospital in Rasht in the year 2023. This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 174 patients referred to the Alzahra Hospital fertility clinic in Rasht. Patients were divided into two categories based on their serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH):AMH >1.1 (ng/ml) and AMH < 1.1(ng/ml). Demographic and laboratory variables, including age, BMI, parity, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), red cell distribution width-to-platelet ratio (RPR), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), were compared between the two groups. Significant difference between the two study groups regarding age and BMI, with the mean age and BMI of patients in the group with normal ovarian reserve being lower than those in the group with poor ovarian reserve. There was a significant difference in FSH levels, the group with poor ovarian response had higher FSH levels. Age and FSH were identified as independent predictive variables associated with diminished ovarian reserve in patients. According to the present study, a significant association between diminished ovarian reserve and inflammatory markers (NLR, PLR, and RPR) was not observed. However, FSH levels were significantly higher in the Diminished Ovarian Reserve (DOR) group. Furthermore, a meaningful correlation was only found between diminished ovarian reserve and age.

Homeobox (HOX) transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) and HOX genes are reported to be more expressed in various cancers in humans in recent studies. The role of HOTAIR and HOXD genes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is not well known. In this study, expression levels of HOXD8, HOXD9 and HOXD11 from HOXD gene family and HOTAIR were determined from peripheral blood samples of 30 AML and 30 CML patients and 20 healthy volunteers by quantitative Real Time PCR. We determined that the expression levels of HOXD9 and HOXD11 in the AML patients were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001 and p=0.002, respectively). There was no significant difference in the expression levels of HOTAIR and HOXD8 when compared to the control group. In the CML patients there was a significant increase in the expression level of HOTAIR when compared to the control group (p=0.002). The expression levels of HOXD9 and HOXD11 were found to be significantly lower than the control group (p<0.001). Our study showed that HOTAIR may not be a biomarker in the diagnosis and is not significantly correlated with the clinicopathological prognostic characteristics of AML. Additionally; it can be said that HOTAIR is oncogenic by suppressing the expression of HOXD9 and HOXD11 but not HOXD8 in CML patients. The expression profiles of HOTAIR may be a potential biomarker in the diagnosis of CML patients in predicting and monitoring drug resistance.

The increasing incidence of cancer has necessitated the discovery of novel anticancer compound sources. The presence of taxanes in hazelnut cell cultures has promoted new promising pharmacotherapeutic applications. The antiproliferative properties of hazelnut (Corylus avellana cv. 'Kalınkara') cell culture extracts against different human cancer cell lines (HeLa, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, A549) with Beas-2B as control were evaluated. The cytotoxicity of C. avellana culture extract (5 µM, 10 µM, and 20 µM) on all cell lines was evaluated with xCELLigence Real Time Cell Analysis System. Mitotic activity (450-655 nm), BrdU activity (450-550 nm) and caspase 3,7 activity (490-520 nm) were analyzed with a spectrophotometer through 24, 48, and 72 hours. Based on the values obtained from the xCELLigence Cell Analysis System, a 10 µM concentration of the culture extract was assigned as the IC50 dose. Culture extracts at 10 µM enhanced the reduction in the proliferation of all cancer cells assayed. The highest decrease in mitotic (59.32%) and BrdU (53.77%) activity was observed in A549 lung cancer cells. However, caspase 3,7 activity (35.08%) was the highest in aggressive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. The culture extracts decreased the viability of A549 cells to a greater extent than that of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast, and HeLa cervical cancer cells. C. avellana cv. 'Kalınkara' cell culture extracts have potential use in the treatment of lung and, to a lesser extent, breast and cervical cancers.

Neuroblastoma shows the highest lethality in childhood and has poor prognosis at high grade. Our objectives included determining how retinoic acid affected the growth of neuroblastoma cells and the relationship between chemicals unique to neurons and cell death processes like apoptosis and mitophagy. The 50% inhibitory concentration of retinoic acid on SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells was determined at the 24th, 48th and 72nd hours. At the optimal concentration of retinoic acid on SH-SY5Y cells, Ki-67, cytochrome C, HIF-1α, Parkin, α-synuclein, DJ-1 and tyrosine β- hydroxylase gene expressions were determined by using RT-PCR. Tyrosine β-hydroxylase protein expression was assessed by ELISA. The optimal time and concentration for retinoic acid in SH-SY5Y cells was 10 μM at the 24th hour. The decreased gene expressions of Ki-67, α-synuclein, DJ-1 and tyrosine β-hydroxylase were observed while Cyt C, HIF-1α and Parkin gene expressions were upregulated (p<0.001). Tyrosine β-hydroxylase protein expression increased at the 24th and 72nd hours although it decreased at the 48th hour (p<0.001). Retinoic acid has short-term effect on the proliferation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. It was observed that short-term retinoic acid treatment improved neurodegeneration parameters, but it decreased the proliferation by inducing mitophagy and apoptosis of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.

Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen. It's a dimorphic fungus with hyphal form that can penetrate and proliferate the oral mucosa. Occlusal guard materials come into direct contact with the oral mucosa and saliva when worn for extended periods, the occlusal guard acts as a reservoir for C. albicans that imposes adverse oral or systemic effects, particularly in medically compromised patients. A randomized controlled trial was conducted among forty volunteers with a history of bruxism. The volunteers were divided into four groups, with each group assigned to wear occlusal guards made of one of the following materials: (Polyethylene Terephthalate-Glycol, Polymethyl methacrylate resin, Ethyl phenylphosphinate 3D printing resin and Chrome-Cobalt Alloy). The study samples were collected after one month, with an additional three months spent assessing C. albicans. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed and compared between groups with different time intervals. The statistical analysis revealed that C. albicans proliferation increased after three months of wearing the occlusal guards, however, the results showed non-significant differences (P = 0.914). Furthermore, the comparative analysis demonstrated that the highest proliferation of C. albicans was found with Polymethyl methacrylate and the least with Chrome-Cobalt Alloy. Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that reducing wearing time will reduce pathogenic infection by C. albicans, and the occlusal guard with the chrome-cobalt alloy material was better than the other materials in this aspect.

Despite the abundance of natural biological resources in Aronia melanocarpa, there is still insufficient research specifically exploring the potential for developing cosmeceutical compositions utilizing this plant. To develop the ingredient with the cosmeceutical function, the anti-wrinkle effect of the ethanol extract of A. melanocarpa was investigated. The ethanol extract was prepared from the dried A. melanocarpa. DPPH radical scavenging activity was significantly increased by the ethanol extract of A. melanocarpa. Cell viability on CCD986Sk human fibroblast was not affected by the ethanol extract of A. melanocarpa. Moreover, the ethanol extract of A. melanocarpa demonstrated inhibition of both collagenase and elastase enzymes. Analysis through ELISA and western blotting revealed an elevation in collagen expression levels in CCD986Sk human fibroblasts treated with ethanol extract. Additionally, the extract induced migration and invasion in HaCaT human keratinocytes, potentially associated with the activation of tight junctions. These results offer insights for the development of innovative cosmeceutical formulations utilizing A. melanocarpa extract.

Breast cancer (BC) is a global health concern with a growing prevalence. Since BC is a heterogeneous cancer, transcriptome analyzes were carried out on breast tumor tissues relative to their corresponding normal tissues in order to identify gene expression signatures and perform meta-analysis. Five expression profiling by array data sets from breast tumor tissues and non-tumor neighboring tissues were retrieved following a search in the GEO database (GSE70947, GSE70905, GSE10780, GSE29044, and GSE42568). Meta-analysis of gene expression using the Network Analyst tool identified common differentially expressed genes and biological pathways in all data sets. Then, the DEGs were analyzed through PPI network construction, gene ontology, and pathway analysis. The detected hub genes underwent Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter and UALCAN validation. Finally, Real-time PCR analysis was used on BC patients' samples to determine mRNA levels of cAMP signaling pathway members ATP1A2, FXYD1, and ADCY3. Breast tumor tissues showed 710 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with 392 overexpressed and 318 underexpressed, compared to normal marginal tissues. On the EnrichR library, GO, and KEGG pathway analyses were performed on the DEGs list. Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation and the NF-kappa B signaling system were upregulated DEGs' top deregulated signaling pathways. In contrast, pathways related to cancer and the cAMP signaling pathway were the most enriched terms for down-regulated genes. Next, Real-time PCR quantification of cAMP signaling cascade members ATP1A2, FXYD1, and ADCY3 was performed on 50 BC tumoral and non-tumoral tissues for validation. Results of meta-analyzed array data sets revealed DEGs representing BC gene signatures, and cAMP signaling pathway members as effective factors in BC. The results of our real-time PCR expression level determination for ATP1A2, FXYD1, and ADCY3 in breast tumor tissues relative to the normal margins contradicted our bioinformatics investigations, which found increased levels for these genes. Of these, only ATP1A2's expression levels were statistically significant. This study focused on identifying gene expression signatures that provide an invaluable source of evidence for BC-related underlying mechanisms to provide new therapeutic targets and biomarkers.

This study aimed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of B6 in rats experimentally intoxicated by benzopyrene. Twenty-eight Male Sprague Dawley (white Swiss) rats weighing 170-210 g and 3-4 months old were utilized in this examination. Rats were divided into 4 control groups (G1), B[a]P 2 pmol/μL (G2), B6 only once per 2 days for a full month at 1000 mcg (15 dose per month) (G3), B6 + B[a]P (G4). The results showed an increase in the level of MDA and a significant decrease in the level of GSH in the second group compared to the negative control group, while no significant differences appeared in the third group, while a significant decrease in the level of MDA and a significant increase in the level of GSH were observed in the fourth group when compared with The second group. Hepatic and renal tissues were taken for histopathological study. The results showed that liver and kidney of G1 and G3 exhibit normal architecture. Liver of G2 revealed blood congestion in certain sinusoids and atrophied hepatocytes, there was also hyperplasia of Kupffer cells in the pockets of blood sinusoids, while renal tissues showed inflammatory cell infiltration, mesangial cell hyperplasia, and blood vessel congestion and bleeding. In contrast liver and kidney tissues in G4 showed mild lesion after B6 treatment. In conclusion, Pyredoxin (B6) can alleviate the hepatic and renal tissues damaged caused by benzopyrene.