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Drug-induced lupus erythematosus 药物性红斑狼疮
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-44-47
E. I. Khadieva, S. Yakupova, R. Abdrakipov, N. Zhuravleva
This article presents a clinical case in which a patient observed by neurologists with a diagnosis of neuropathy and treated with anticonvulsants and antidepressants developed new clinical manifestations and laboratory changes characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus. A clinical version emerged that the neurological changes were the disease onset, followed by the development of the remaining clinical and laboratory symptoms (the diagnosis fully met the 2019 EULAR criteria — a score of 16 points, 10 points are sufficient to make a diagnosis). However, after a very short and low-dose therapy with methylprednisolone and hydroxychloroquine and withdrawal of anticonvulsants, there was a rapid recovery of specific antibodies and improvement of clinical symptoms, which allowed assuming drug-induced lupus erythematosus in this patient. Currently, the list of drugs that can cause this problem includes more than 100 drugs.
这篇文章提出了一个临床病例,在神经科医生的观察下,患者被诊断为神经病变并接受抗惊厥药和抗抑郁药治疗,出现了系统性红斑狼疮的新的临床表现和实验室变化。临床版本显示,神经系统变化是疾病的发病,随后出现了剩余的临床和实验室症状(诊断完全符合2019年EULAR标准-得分为16分,10分足以做出诊断)。然而,在甲强的松龙和羟氯喹的短时间低剂量治疗和停用抗惊厥药物后,特异性抗体迅速恢复,临床症状改善,可以推测该患者为药物性红斑狼疮。目前,可能导致这个问题的药物清单包括100多种药物。
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引用次数: 0
Etiological and pathogenetic mechanisms of forming muscle dystonias 肌张力障碍形成的病因和发病机制
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-24-31
S. E. Munasipova, Z. Zalyalova, A. A. Terekhova
This article discusses the issues of muscular dystonia pathogenesis that are relevant to modern medicine, as well as the possibility of using the pathogenetic concept as a substrate to supplement the classification criteria. Reviewing the international publications on etiopathophysiology, genetics and classification, the article summarizes the main mechanisms for the occurrence of a pathological process at different levels of the nervous system. Despite the frequent clinical similarity of the symptoms of various forms of muscular dystonia, these symptoms may be the result of dysfunction of completely different genetic and neurophysiological mechanisms. The article focuses on the importance of studying the etiological and pathogenetic mechanisms and their further implementation in clinical practice in order to develop more accurate treatment techniques aimed at eliminating the specific causes of the development of specific forms of muscular dystonia.
本文讨论了与现代医学相关的肌张力障碍发病机制问题,以及以发病概念为基础补充分类标准的可能性。本文综述了国际上在病因生理学、遗传学和分类方面的文献,总结了神经系统不同层次病理过程发生的主要机制。尽管各种形式的肌张力障碍的临床症状经常相似,但这些症状可能是完全不同的遗传和神经生理机制的功能障碍的结果。本文重点介绍了研究病因和发病机制及其在临床实践中的进一步应用的重要性,以便开发更准确的治疗技术,旨在消除特定形式肌张力障碍发展的特定原因。
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引用次数: 0
Complexity of the differential diagnosis of primary T-cell lymphoma and Crohn’s disease by the example of a clinical case 原发性t细胞淋巴瘤与克罗恩病鉴别诊断的复杂性,以一例临床病例为例
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-125-129
D. Mukhametova, E. Belousova, A. Odintsova, E. N. Gabitova, R. Shakirov, M. I. Ziganshin, I. Raginov, A. R. Yangurazova, A. Galieva
The article presents a clinical case of a rare disease — primary intestinal T-cell lymphoma (PITL). A distinctive feature of PITL is the absence of typical clinical, laboratory and instrumental manifestations. This requires performing differential diagnosis with other diseases such as Crohn’s disease, chronic mesenteric ischemia and infections. The diagnostic standard of PITL is morphological verification. In this case, the diagnosis of PITL, NOS was made during the immunohistochemistry of the biopsy of the resected intestine.
本文报告一例罕见疾病-原发性肠t细胞淋巴瘤(PITL)。PITL的一个显著特征是缺乏典型的临床、实验室和仪器表现。这需要对其他疾病进行鉴别诊断,如克罗恩病、慢性肠系膜缺血和感染。PITL的诊断标准为形态学验证。在本例中,在切除的肠活检的免疫组织化学中诊断为PITL, NOS。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical observation of a patient with a progressive decrease of renal function after COVID-19 1例新型冠状病毒感染后肾功能进行性下降的临床观察
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-138-140
G. Nurullina, T. Khalfina, O. Fakhrutdinova, L. Gainutdinova, R. D. Mutigullin
The article presents the results of a clinical observation of a case of acute kidney injury with an end-stage renal disease development in a patient who had had COVID-19 twice. The difficulties of the diagnostic search and further therapy are described. The characteristics of the clinical course and functional features of the patient are given. The mechanisms of the SARS-CoV-2 virus impact on the human body and their role in kidney damage are considered. This clinical case is an example of a rapid loss of kidney function with the development of end-stage renal disease against the background of COVID-19.
本文报道1例2次感染COVID-19的急性肾损伤合并终末期肾病的临床观察结果。描述了诊断搜索和进一步治疗的困难。给出了患者的临床病程特点和功能特点。探讨SARS-CoV-2病毒对人体的影响机制及其在肾损害中的作用。该临床病例是在COVID-19背景下肾功能迅速丧失并发展为终末期肾脏疾病的一个例子。
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引用次数: 0
Genetic aspects of type 2 diabetes mellitus 2型糖尿病的遗传方面
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-14-18
T. Kiseleva, F. Valeeva, D. R. Islamova, M. S. Medvedeva
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a polygenic, multifactorial disease resulting from the interaction of genetic, epigenetic and environmental factors. Given the significant genetic and genomic research in this area, the role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of DM2 is becoming increasingly clear. The review presents current information in the genetics of DM2, describes the technology of genome wide-associated system (GWAS) based on high-resolution biochips for the simultaneous analysis of thousands of genetic variants in a large number of patients. Due to the use of genome-wide studies, about 100 genes and more than 700 polymorphisms associated with T2DM have been described. The review provides a description of the most common genes and their polymorphisms (TCF7L2, KCNJ11, PPARG) identified by the GWAS method and showing a strong association with T2DM in various populations. In addition, the article notes the role of the ADRB2 gene, whose polymorphisms can also contribute to the development of carbohydrate metabolism disorders. The results of a study on the assessment of the relationship between the rs1042714 ADRB2 polymorphism and indicators of carbohydrate metabolism in different periods of life of overweight and obese women are presented.
2型糖尿病(DM2)是一种遗传、表观遗传和环境因素相互作用的多基因、多因素疾病。鉴于该领域的遗传学和基因组学研究的显著性,遗传因素在DM2发病机制中的作用越来越清楚。本文综述了DM2遗传学的最新进展,介绍了基于高分辨率生物芯片的基因组宽相关系统(GWAS)技术,该技术可同时分析大量患者的数千种遗传变异。由于使用全基因组研究,大约100个基因和700多个与T2DM相关的多态性已被描述。该综述描述了通过GWAS方法鉴定的最常见基因及其多态性(TCF7L2, KCNJ11, PPARG),并显示了与不同人群中T2DM的强烈关联。此外,文章还注意到ADRB2基因的作用,其多态性也可能导致碳水化合物代谢紊乱的发生。本文报道了超重和肥胖女性不同生命时期rs1042714 ADRB2多态性与碳水化合物代谢指标关系的评估研究结果。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of cardiovascular and cardiometabolic risks in the association of bronchial asthma and obesity 支气管哮喘与肥胖相关的心血管和心血管代谢风险分析
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-4-30-36
D. Anikin, I. Solovyeva, I. Demko, E. Sobko, N. Gordeeva, A. Kraposhina
Bronchial asthma and obesity are showing a steady increase in incidence worldwide, incurring significant economic losses for society. There is no doubt about the pathogenetic role of obesity in the development of cardiovascular events. The purpose is to analyze the current data that demonstrate the impact of asthma and obesity association on the increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The critical role of obesity is noted as a risk factor for the development and progression of both bronchial asthma and cardiovascular diseases. The review emphasizes importance of determining cardiovascular and cardiometabolic risks according to generally accepted scales specified in clinical guidelines. As part of the review, the combination of bronchial asthma and cardiovascular diseases was analyzed, and their etiopathogenetic interdependence was noted. The role of metabolic processes in adipose tissue is shown, which can increase both inflammation in bronchial asthma and lead to the progression of cardiovascular diseases. Understanding the mechanisms of mutual influence will allow for personalized treatment, as well as the prevention of cardiovascular accidents in patients with bronchial asthma and obesity.
支气管哮喘和肥胖症在世界范围内的发病率稳步上升,给社会造成重大经济损失。毫无疑问,肥胖在心血管事件发生中的致病作用。目的是分析目前的数据,证明哮喘和肥胖关联对心血管疾病风险增加的影响。肥胖的关键作用被认为是支气管哮喘和心血管疾病发生和发展的危险因素。该综述强调了根据临床指南中规定的普遍接受的量表确定心血管和心血管代谢风险的重要性。作为综述的一部分,我们分析了支气管哮喘和心血管疾病的合并,并指出了它们的发病相互依赖性。脂肪组织代谢过程的作用显示,它可以增加支气管哮喘的炎症和导致心血管疾病的进展。了解相互影响的机制将有助于个性化治疗,以及预防支气管哮喘和肥胖患者的心血管事故。
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引用次数: 0
6-minute walking test indicators in healthy children and adolescents 健康儿童和青少年6分钟步行试验指标
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-1-81-87
E. Bushueva, L. I. Gerasimova, O. Sharapova, T. I. Dianova, O. N. Ivanova
Exercise tolerance, as a functional indicator of the health status of children and adolescents, can be determined using a simple, accessible, safe and maximally physiological out-of-laboratory 6-minute walking test (T6MX), which is based on the quantitative result of the distance traveled in 6 minutes at the submaximal load level. This test was introduced in 1963, more than 15 countries presented reference equations and formulas, percentile curves and control values for children and adolescents. In the Russian Federation, normative data developed on a large sample of children were not presented, therefore the use of the test in childhood is limited. The purpose — to create normative parameters of T6MX depending on gender and age for healthy children and adolescents. Materials and methods. A continuous one-time personalized examination was conducted of 3693 children of the I–II health groups aged 7 to 18 (girls — 48.8%, boys — 51.2%) who attended comprehensive and secondary specialized educational institutions of the Chuvash Republic. Anthropometric and physiometric measurements were carried out, all children passed the 6-minute walking test. Results. The median distance traveled by boys of the junior school group was 492.5 [435; 535.8] m, by girls — 504.8 [463; 548.5] m, by boys of the middle school group —570.5 [503.5; 614.3] m, by girls — 551.8 [519.5; 608] m, by boys of the senior school group —500.8 [452.8; 539] m, by girls — 509.5 [464.5; 548.5] m. The results of T6MX in the general population of the examined schoolchildren did not show a significant correlation with anthropometric or physiometric indicators. Conclusions. In the junior and middle school age, the distance traveled by boys was greater compared to girls; with increasing age in the senior school group, test results decrease in adolescents; 17 and 18-year-old girls walk a longer distance in 6 minutes than boys of the same age.
运动耐量作为儿童和青少年健康状况的功能指标,可以通过简单、可及、安全、最大程度生理性的实验室外6分钟步行测试(T6MX)来确定,该测试以亚最大负荷水平下6分钟步行距离的定量结果为基础。这一检验于1963年开始实行,超过15个国家提出了儿童和青少年的参考方程和公式、百分位数曲线和控制值。在俄罗斯联邦,没有提出关于大量儿童样本的规范性数据,因此在儿童时期使用这种测试是有限的。目的是根据健康儿童和青少年的性别和年龄,制定T6MX的规范参数。材料和方法。对在楚瓦什共和国综合和中等专业教育机构就读的7至18岁I-II保健组的3693名儿童(女孩48.8%,男孩51.2%)进行了连续的一次性个性化检查。进行了人体测量和生理测量,所有儿童都通过了6分钟步行测试。结果。初中组男生行走距离中位数为492.5 [435];535.8] m,女孩- 504.8 [463;548.5] m,中学组男生-570.5 [503.5]m;614.3] m,女孩- 551.8 [519.5;608] m,高中组男生-500.8 [452.8];539] m,女孩- 509.5 [464.5;[54.85] m。在接受检查的学龄儿童的一般人群中,T6MX的结果没有显示出与人体测量或生理指标的显著相关性。结论。在初中和初中阶段,男孩比女孩旅行的距离更大;随着高中组年龄的增加,青少年的测试结果下降;17岁和18岁的女孩在6分钟内走的距离比同龄的男孩要长。
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引用次数: 0
Participation of nursing staff in the implementation of the Lean Production project in a large multidisciplinary hospital 某大型多学科医院护理人员参与精益生产项目的实施
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-60-63
M. V. Blokhina, O. G. Safina
Within the framework of the study, based on a review of literary sources, lean production technologies in healthcare and the main approaches to their implementation are studied; the principles, methods and tools of lean production in the consultative and diagnostic polyclinic of the Republic Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Tatarstan are analyzed, including from the standpoint of the paramedical personnel participation in their implementation; with the help of a specially designed questionnaire, the opinion of the nursing staff of consultative and diagnostic polyclinic on the work organization and the nursing staff role in the implementation of the lean production concept was studied; recommendations were made for the development of the concept of lean production in the polyclinic of a large multidisciplinary hospital.
在研究的框架内,基于文献资料的审查,精益生产技术在医疗保健和其实施的主要方法进行了研究;分析了鞑靼斯坦共和国卫生部共和国临床医院咨询和诊断综合诊所精益生产的原则、方法和工具,包括从参与实施这些原则、方法和工具的医务辅助人员的角度进行分析;采用专门设计的问卷,对咨询诊断综合诊所护理人员对实施精益生产理念的工作组织和护理人员角色的看法进行了研究;建议在大型多学科医院的综合诊所发展精益生产的概念。
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引用次数: 0
Bilateral stenting of renal arteries as a treatment for vasorenal hypertension and chronic kidney disease. Clinical case and literature review 双侧肾动脉支架置入术治疗血管肾性高血压和慢性肾脏疾病。临床病例及文献复习
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-18-22
A. Y. Teregulov, B. N. Bodjgua, M. B. Yakovlev, D. P. Dosmanova, B. M. Gadiev
The purpose — to analyze current data on renal artery stenting in vasorenal hypertension, ischemic nephropathy, and end-stage renal failure; to consider a clinical case. Material and methods. A clinical case is presented of bilateral stenting of the renal arteries in a patient with vasorenal hypertension, chronic kidney disease of the fifth degree in a multidisciplinary hospital with a favorable course. The article describes the clinical results after endovascular intervention, a literature review on the management and selection of patients with renal artery stenosis for revascularization. Results. After simultaneous bilateral stenting of the renal arteries in a patient with end-stage renal insufficiency, renal function returned to normal; the patient stopped the sessions of programmed hemodialysis. Conclusions. Stenting of renal arteries can normalize the kidney function even in the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease. There are no clear clinical recommendations for the selection of patients for renal arteries endovascular stenting in the terminal stage of chronic kidney disease. The tactic of simultaneous bilateral stenting was obviously justified in this clinical case.
目的:分析血管肾性高血压、缺血性肾病和终末期肾衰竭患者肾动脉支架植入术的最新数据;考虑一个临床病例。材料和方法。一个临床病例提出双侧肾动脉支架植入术患者血管肾性高血压,慢性肾脏疾病的第五度,在一个良好的过程多学科医院。本文介绍血管内介入治疗的临床结果,并对肾动脉狭窄患者的处理和选择进行文献综述。结果。终末期肾功能不全患者行双侧肾动脉支架置入术后,肾功能恢复正常;病人停止了程序性血液透析。结论。肾动脉支架置入术即使在慢性肾病晚期也能使肾功能恢复正常。慢性肾病终末期肾动脉血管内支架植入术患者的选择尚无明确的临床推荐。同时双侧支架置入的策略在本临床病例中显然是合理的。
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引用次数: 0
History of pelvis surgery in unstable fractures, congenital and acquired deformities of pelvic ring in the Republic of Tatarstan 鞑靼斯坦共和国骨盆手术治疗不稳定骨折、先天性和后天性骨盆环畸形的历史
Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.32000/2072-1757-2023-3-6-8
R. Khabibyanov, A. Skvortsov, M. V. Maleev, M. A. Nikitin
The paper presents the concept of an external fixation device for the surgical treatment of unstable fractures, as well as congenital and acquired deformities of the pelvic ring. The main approaches are analyzed, which were used for the treatment of this pathology in the last 20–30 years, both by the Russian and foreign surgeons. Based on the authors’ experience, the aspects are described that need to be considered during surgical intervention carried out to restore geometry and function in the treatment of unstable fractures, congenital and acquired deformities of the pelvic ring.
本文提出了一种外固定装置的概念,用于手术治疗不稳定骨折,以及先天性和后天性骨盆环畸形。分析了俄罗斯和外国外科医生在过去20-30年中用于治疗这种病理的主要方法。根据作者的经验,描述了在不稳定骨折、先天性和后天性骨盆环畸形治疗中进行手术干预以恢复几何形状和功能时需要考虑的方面。
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引用次数: 0
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中国实用医药
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