Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.006
Yu Luo , Lin Zhu , Zhengyu Ren , Jian Xiao , Erwei Hao , Jiahong Lu , Jinmin Zhao , Chun Yao , Yitao Wang , Hua Luo
Curcumae Rhizoma, derived from the rhizome of Curcuma phaeocaulis, Curcuma kwangsiensis and Curcuma wenyujin, was called Ezhu in China. In the past, Curcumae Rhizoma extracts were obtained through water decoction or alternative methods, which showed significant anti-cancer effects. However, the mixed extracts contain various compound components of Curcumae Rhizoma, leading to an ambiguous mechanism of action for Curcumae Rhizoma extracts anti-cancer. Contemporary researchers have extracted the chemical components of Curcumae Rhizoma separately for experimental verification of its active ingredients in the anti-cancer field. Numerous studies demonstrated that curcumol, germacrone, β-elemene, and curcumin in Curcumae Rhizoma extracts have significant governing effects in anti-cancer activities. Pharmacological studies have shown that Curcumae Rhizoma suppresses cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, triggering apoptosis and regulating cellular autophagy to achieve anticancer effects. Here, we summarized the research progress of Curcumae Rhizoma on anti-cancer effects from 2013 to 2022, aiming to explore the deeper molecular mechanisms of Curcumae Rhizoma’s active components in cancer treatment.
{"title":"Curcumae Rhizoma: An anti-cancer traditional Chinese medicine","authors":"Yu Luo , Lin Zhu , Zhengyu Ren , Jian Xiao , Erwei Hao , Jiahong Lu , Jinmin Zhao , Chun Yao , Yitao Wang , Hua Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em>, derived from the rhizome of <em>Curcuma phaeocaulis</em>, <em>Curcuma kwangsiensis</em> and <em>Curcuma wenyujin</em>, was called Ezhu in China. In the past, <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em> extracts were obtained through water decoction or alternative methods, which showed significant anti-cancer effects. However, the mixed extracts contain various compound components of <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em>, leading to an ambiguous mechanism of action for <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em> extracts anti-cancer. Contemporary researchers have extracted the chemical components of <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em> separately for experimental verification of its active ingredients in the anti-cancer field. Numerous studies demonstrated that curcumol, germacrone, <em>β</em>-elemene, and curcumin in <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em> extracts have significant governing effects in anti-cancer activities. Pharmacological studies have shown that <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em> suppresses cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, triggering apoptosis and regulating cellular autophagy to achieve anticancer effects. Here, we summarized the research progress of <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em> on anti-cancer effects from 2013 to 2022, aiming to explore the deeper molecular mechanisms of <em>Curcumae Rhizoma</em>’s active components in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 428-447"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2025.05.006
Tingting Zhou
Chemical component analysis is a critical challenge in Chinese herbal medicine research, involving the qualitative and quantitative identification of complex constituents in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, traditional analytical methods are insufficient for efficient and comprehensive analysis of complex composition of TCM. Limitations exist in sample preparation, instrumental technology, data processing, and activity-related quality marker research. Recent advancements have significantly improved analytical precision, enabling more comprehensive profiling of TCM components. New pretreatment methods improve extraction efficiency and detection sensitivity, while novel instrumental technologies, such as mass spectrometry imaging, preserve spatial information lost in homogenization. AI enhances data interpretation, improving accuracy and efficiency. Online activity analysis links chemical composition with bioactivity, overcoming the limitations of purely chemical profiling and enabling a more comprehensive evaluation of TCM efficacy. This perspective provides an overview of the development trends in component analysis, aiming to advance the field and support TCM modernization.
{"title":"Unveiling secrets of traditional Chinese medicine: Cutting-edge techniques in component analysis","authors":"Tingting Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical component analysis is a critical challenge in Chinese herbal medicine research, involving the qualitative and quantitative identification of complex constituents in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, traditional analytical methods are insufficient for efficient and comprehensive analysis of complex composition of TCM. Limitations exist in sample preparation, instrumental technology, data processing, and activity-related quality marker research. Recent advancements have significantly improved analytical precision, enabling more comprehensive profiling of TCM components. New pretreatment methods improve extraction efficiency and detection sensitivity, while novel instrumental technologies, such as mass spectrometry imaging, preserve spatial information lost in homogenization. AI enhances data interpretation, improving accuracy and efficiency. Online activity analysis links chemical composition with bioactivity, overcoming the limitations of purely chemical profiling and enabling a more comprehensive evaluation of TCM efficacy. This perspective provides an overview of the development trends in component analysis, aiming to advance the field and support TCM modernization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 484-487"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), borneol has shown superior ability for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities when coupled with other active ingredients from ancient times. Furthermore, borneol is believed to improve blood concentration and bioavailability of drugs. Thus, it has been paired with various TCM formulas since ancient time. The physiological barriers in human can cause significant limitations in drug efficiency as the drug is primarily restricted from entering into blood and brain. Borneol has been proven to enhance the permeability of biological barriers such as the blood–brain, transdermal, corneal, and intestinal barriers. Moreover, growing interest has been shown in the drug delivery system design for trans-barrier transport involving borneol. Nano-drug delivery system with increased surface area and improved active sites, has been applied to increase the bioactivity of water insoluble drugs. Nano-drug delivery system has been used to enhance drug efficacy by reducing the time of action as compared to conventional administration approach of TCM formulas. Given its ability to enhance cross-barrier permeation and drug efficacy, borneol has been integrated into TCM formulas of drug delivery system for precise and prolonged targeting at tumor sites. However, the design and preparation of a drug delivery system consisting of borneol still face great challenges. Current research fails to unravel the difference in mechanism of action between nano-drug delivery systems comprised of borneol and conventional drug systems coupled with borneol. Enhanced penetration of borneol in drug delivery system is rarely verified compared to conventional administration with identical drug formulation consisting of borneol regarding dosage and medical indications. This study outlines the current state of research on the properties, formulation and pharmacological effects of borneol, allowing cross-comparison of borneol coupled with single compound and classical TCM formulas for various medical indications. This study aims to provide insights into the design of borneol-based enhanced cross-barrier delivery drug formulation, and the potential development of nano-drug system for TCM formulas with borneol for enhanced bioavailability.
{"title":"Role of borneol as enhancer in drug formulation: A review","authors":"Manqun Tang , Wenwei Zhong , Liwei Guo , Haoran Zeng , Yuxin Pang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), borneol has shown superior ability for anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities when coupled with other active ingredients from ancient times. Furthermore, borneol is believed to improve blood concentration and bioavailability of drugs. Thus, it has been paired with various TCM formulas since ancient time. The physiological barriers in human can cause significant limitations in drug efficiency as the drug is primarily restricted from entering into blood and brain. Borneol has been proven to enhance the permeability of biological barriers such as the blood–brain, transdermal, corneal, and intestinal barriers. Moreover, growing interest has been shown in the drug delivery system design for <em>trans</em>-barrier transport involving borneol. Nano-drug delivery system with increased surface area and improved active sites, has been applied to increase the bioactivity of water insoluble drugs. Nano-drug delivery system has been used to enhance drug efficacy by reducing the time of action as compared to conventional administration approach of TCM formulas. Given its ability to enhance cross-barrier permeation and drug efficacy, borneol has been integrated into TCM formulas of drug delivery system for precise and prolonged targeting at tumor sites. However, the design and preparation of a drug delivery system consisting of borneol still face great challenges. Current research fails to unravel the difference in mechanism of action between nano-drug delivery systems comprised of borneol and conventional drug systems coupled with borneol. Enhanced penetration of borneol in drug delivery system is rarely verified compared to conventional administration with identical drug formulation consisting of borneol regarding dosage and medical indications. This study outlines the current state of research on the properties, formulation and pharmacological effects of borneol, allowing cross-comparison of borneol coupled with single compound and classical TCM formulas for various medical indications. This study aims to provide insights into the design of borneol-based enhanced cross-barrier delivery drug formulation, and the potential development of nano-drug system for TCM formulas with borneol for enhanced bioavailability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 473-483"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141025129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.005
Li Yang , Thomas Friedemann , Jun Pan , Xiangyu Li , Fuxiang Wang , Yuanlong Lin , Qiang Zhu , Sven Schröder , Qingsong Liu , Hongzhou Lu
Objective
Since Omicron will likely persist, this trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of Shufeng Jiedu Granule (SFJDG) for mild Omicron infection, aims at finding new therapies especially for home-treated patients.
Methods
This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center phase III trial involves 844 patients, divided into a treatment group (422) and control group (422). Participants will receive SFJDG or placebo for 7 d (1.2 g/bag, 2 bags, 3 times/d). Hospital evaluations will be done on days 1 and 8, with telephone assessments on days 3 and 5. Follow-up continues on days 10 and 14. Diary cards will track symptom scores and safety data. The primary outcome is the time to sustained clinical recovery from corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms. An interim analysis will occur after 70 % of patients complete follow-up, with Type I error correction (α1 = 0.015) at interim analysis based on O’Brien-Fleming-type cumulative error spending function.
Results
This phase III trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of SFJDG for mild COVID-19, focusing on real-world applicability for home-managed patients. The study’s randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design ensures methodological rigor, while its comprehensive outcome measures address both symptom recovery and treatment safety. By emphasizing symptom resolution and recovery time, the trial aligns with the clinical priorities for managing mild cases of COVID-19. The findings could offer valuable insights into SFJDG’s role in improving patient outcomes and addressing gaps left by existing antiviral therapies, particularly in symptom management.
Conclusion
The global risk assessment remains high due to the ongoing virulence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages. This Phase III study adopts a robust methodology to investigate SFJDG as a treatment for mild COVID-19 as well as it’s effectiveness and safety. Furthermore, this study aim to provide sufficient scientific evidence for the market registration of SFJDG especially for home-treated patients. If successful, SFJDG could be a meaningful addition to therapeutic options for mild infections, supporting public health strategies in managing the ongoing impact of SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"Shufeng Jiedu Granule against mild COVID-19: Protocol of the randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center heal-COVID phase III study","authors":"Li Yang , Thomas Friedemann , Jun Pan , Xiangyu Li , Fuxiang Wang , Yuanlong Lin , Qiang Zhu , Sven Schröder , Qingsong Liu , Hongzhou Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Since Omicron will likely persist, this trial evaluates the safety and efficacy of Shufeng Jiedu Granule (SFJDG) for mild Omicron infection, aims at finding new therapies especially for home-treated patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center phase III trial involves 844 patients, divided into a treatment group (422) and control group (422). Participants will receive SFJDG or placebo for 7 d (1.2 g/bag, 2 bags, 3 times/d). Hospital evaluations will be done on days 1 and 8, with telephone assessments on days 3 and 5. Follow-up continues on days 10 and 14. Diary cards will track symptom scores and safety data. The primary outcome is the time to sustained clinical recovery from corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms. An interim analysis will occur after 70 % of patients complete follow-up, with Type I error correction (<em>α</em>1 = 0.015) at interim analysis based on O’Brien-Fleming-type cumulative error spending function.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This phase III trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of SFJDG for mild COVID-19, focusing on real-world applicability for home-managed patients. The study’s randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design ensures methodological rigor, while its comprehensive outcome measures address both symptom recovery and treatment safety. By emphasizing symptom resolution and recovery time, the trial aligns with the clinical priorities for managing mild cases of COVID-19. The findings could offer valuable insights into SFJDG’s role in improving patient outcomes and addressing gaps left by existing antiviral therapies, particularly in symptom management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The global risk assessment remains high due to the ongoing virulence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages. This Phase III study adopts a robust methodology to investigate SFJDG as a treatment for mild COVID-19 as well as it’s effectiveness and safety. Furthermore, this study aim to provide sufficient scientific evidence for the market registration of SFJDG especially for home-treated patients. If successful, SFJDG could be a meaningful addition to therapeutic options for mild infections, supporting public health strategies in managing the ongoing impact of SARS-CoV-2.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 601-608"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2024.12.002
Ji Gao , Chenxia Han , Ning Dai , Wen Wang , Tao Jin , Dan Du , Qing Xia
Objective
Microcirculatory disturbance is pathologically critical to acute pancreatitis (AP), which can be effectively alleviated by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas that activate blood flow. However, there has been no evidence-based research to date. Therefore, a well-designed systematic review and meta-analysis is necessary to elucidate the therapeutic transformative benefit of improving microcirculation during AP. This study aims to confirm the therapeutic efficacy of TCM formulas and explore the potential mechanisms underlying their effects on AP treatment.
Methods
Studies from eight databases including Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and Chinese VIP, were screened for the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The APACHE II score and effectiveness rate were set as primary outcomes, while mortality rate, complications, total hospital stays, serum amylase recovery time, the time until the disappearance of abdominal pain, microcirculation indicators, and inflammation indicators were chosen as secondary outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis were subsequently conducted. Network pharmacology analysis was performed to analyze potential bioactive components with relevant targets of the core herbs included in the TCM formulas for activating blood flow.
Results
A total of 51 RCTs (n = 3 721) were included. Compared with conventional western medical treatments alone, TCM groups were associated with lower APACHE II score (SMD = − 1.36, 95% CI: −2.01 to − 0.71, P = 0.000) and higher effectiveness rate (RR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.26, P = 0.000). Furthermore, the formulas for activating blood flow demonstrated significant efficacy in improving both microcirculation and inflammation indicators. Additionally, six core Chinese herbal medicines including Rhei Radix et Rhizoma with the highest frequency, Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Bupleuri Radix, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, and Corydalis Rhizoma were filtered out from the adopted TCM formulas. Finally, 166 shared targets between the six herbs and AP were identified. KEGG analysis indicated that lipid and atherosclerosis pathway is highly related to microcirculation.
Conclusion
TCM formulas for activating blood flow significantly improve microcirculation and alleviate AP. Further high-quality, well-designed RCTs and deep mechanism exploration are required.
{"title":"Traditional Chinese medicine formulas alleviated acute pancreatitis via improvement of microcirculation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Ji Gao , Chenxia Han , Ning Dai , Wen Wang , Tao Jin , Dan Du , Qing Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Microcirculatory disturbance is pathologically critical to acute pancreatitis (AP), which can be effectively alleviated by traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas that activate blood flow. However, there has been no evidence-based research to date. Therefore, a well-designed systematic review and meta-analysis is necessary to elucidate the therapeutic transformative benefit of improving microcirculation during AP. This study aims to confirm the therapeutic efficacy of TCM formulas and explore the potential mechanisms underlying their effects on AP treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Studies from eight databases including Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, CBM, Wanfang, and Chinese VIP, were screened for the eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The APACHE II score and effectiveness rate were set as primary outcomes, while mortality rate, complications, total hospital stays, serum amylase recovery time, the time until the disappearance of abdominal pain, microcirculation indicators, and inflammation indicators were chosen as secondary outcomes. A systematic review and meta-analysis were subsequently conducted. Network pharmacology analysis was performed to analyze potential bioactive components with relevant targets of the core herbs included in the TCM formulas for activating blood flow.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 51 RCTs (<em>n</em> = 3 721) were included. Compared with conventional western medical treatments alone, TCM groups were associated with lower APACHE II score (SMD = − 1.36, 95% CI: −2.01 to − 0.71, <em>P</em> = 0.000) and higher effectiveness rate (RR: 1.22, 95% CI: 1.18 to 1.26, <em>P</em> = 0.000). Furthermore, the formulas for activating blood flow demonstrated significant efficacy in improving both microcirculation and inflammation indicators. Additionally, six core Chinese herbal medicines including <em>Rhei Radix</em> et <em>Rhizoma</em> with the highest frequency, <em>Aurantii Fructus Immaturus</em>, <em>Paeoniae Radix Rubra</em>, <em>Bupleuri Radix</em>, <em>Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix</em> et <em>Rhizoma</em>, and <em>Corydalis Rhizoma</em> were filtered out from the adopted TCM formulas. Finally, 166 shared targets between the six herbs and AP were identified. KEGG analysis indicated that lipid and atherosclerosis pathway is highly related to microcirculation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TCM formulas for activating blood flow significantly improve microcirculation and alleviate AP. Further high-quality, well-designed RCTs and deep mechanism exploration are required.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 584-600"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.007
Qiwen Lu , Sang Luo , Chengyan Guan , Hao Zhang , Haoyue Jia , Qiang Wan
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is a major cardiovascular condition driven by atherosclerosis, distinguished by chronic inflammation and dysregulated lipid metabolism. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in human health and disease, with research indicating a strong association between gut microbial metabolism and the development and progression of coronary heart disease. This article provides a review of the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary heart disease, as well as the mechanisms by which traditional Chinese medicine regulates digestive tract microbiota to treat coronary heart disease, which systematically explains how the gut microbiota, through metabolic products and immune regulation, contributes to the occurrence and progression of coronary heart disease, and summarizes recent advances in research on traditional Chinese medicine’s regulation of gut microbiota for treating coronary heart disease. It aims to provide further reference and insights for exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary heart disease, as well as traditional Chinese medicine approaches for treating coronary heart disease.
{"title":"Research progress of regulating intestinal flora by traditional Chinese medicine in treating coronary heart disease","authors":"Qiwen Lu , Sang Luo , Chengyan Guan , Hao Zhang , Haoyue Jia , Qiang Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease is a major cardiovascular condition driven by atherosclerosis, distinguished by chronic inflammation and dysregulated lipid metabolism. The gut microbiota plays an essential role in human health and disease, with research indicating a strong association between gut microbial metabolism and the development and progression of coronary heart disease. This article provides a review of the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary heart disease, as well as the mechanisms by which traditional Chinese medicine regulates digestive tract microbiota to treat coronary heart disease, which systematically explains how the gut microbiota, through metabolic products and immune regulation, contributes to the occurrence and progression of coronary heart disease, and summarizes recent advances in research on traditional Chinese medicine’s regulation of gut microbiota for treating coronary heart disease. It aims to provide further reference and insights for exploring the relationship between gut microbiota and coronary heart disease, as well as traditional Chinese medicine approaches for treating coronary heart disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 464-472"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.001
Jie Zhao, Geng Tian, Haibin Qu
Objective
To develop a quality consistency evaluation strategy for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) granules using sugar free Yangwei Granules as a model drug, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method.
Methods
The strategy integrates several methods including, HPLC fingerprint and physical fingerprint methods analyze the similarity in chemical and physical properties of the TCM granule samples. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with principal components cluster analysis method is used to monitor normal operating conditions (NOC) samples accurately and to identify different types of abnormal operating conditions (AOC) samples, particularly those that deviate from the normal range.
Results
The combined use of HPLC fingerprint and physical fingerprint provides insights into the chemical and physical properties of the samples. NIR spectroscopy, combined with principal components cluster analysis, achieves high accuracy in monitoring NOC samples and identifying AOC samples without misjudgment. The approach proves useful as a complementary method in cases where HPLC fingerprint and physical fingerprint alone lack sufficient resolution.
Conclusion
This study establishes the feasibility and utility of the integrated approach for assessing the quality consistency of TCM granules. The strategy shows a high degree of generalization and holds significant importance for enhancing the quality control processes of TCM granules.
{"title":"Research on comprehensive quality consistency evaluation strategy for TCM Granules: A case study with sugar-free Yangwei Granules produced by fluid-bed granulation","authors":"Jie Zhao, Geng Tian, Haibin Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a quality consistency evaluation strategy for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) granules using sugar free Yangwei Granules as a model drug, and demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The strategy integrates several methods including, HPLC fingerprint and physical fingerprint methods analyze the similarity in chemical and physical properties of the TCM granule samples. Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy with principal components cluster analysis method is used to monitor normal operating conditions (NOC) samples accurately and to identify different types of abnormal operating conditions (AOC) samples, particularly those that deviate from the normal range.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The combined use of HPLC fingerprint and physical fingerprint provides insights into the chemical and physical properties of the samples. NIR spectroscopy, combined with principal components cluster analysis, achieves high accuracy in monitoring NOC samples and identifying AOC samples without misjudgment. The approach proves useful as a complementary method in cases where HPLC fingerprint and physical fingerprint alone lack sufficient resolution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study establishes the feasibility and utility of the integrated approach for assessing the quality consistency of TCM granules. The strategy shows a high degree of generalization and holds significant importance for enhancing the quality control processes of TCM granules.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 575-583"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.009
Yali Zhang , Huiming Peng , Jingjing Li , Pan Lv , Mengru Zhang , Xu Wang , Siyu Wang , Siying Zhu , Jiankang Lu , Xuepeng Fan , Jinbo Fang
Objective
To investigate the effect and mechanism of Hyssopus cuspidatus Boriss. extract (HCE) in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.
Methods
Components identification of HCE was conducted using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry. Mice were sensitized with OVA to establish asthmatic model, and dexamethasone was used as positive control. Respiratory reactivity, white cells counting in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood, cytokine level measurement in serum and lung tissue, and histologic examination were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of HCE on asthma. Network pharmacology approach was used for mechanism prediction. Western blotting and untargeted lipidomics method were applied for mechanism validation.
Results
Fifty-two compounds were identified in HCE, predominantly terpenoids and flavonoids. HCE markedly reduced airway resistance, the eosinophil infiltration in lung tissues, and the levels of immunoglobulin E, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-13. Network pharmacology analysis suggested phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) may be key proteins of HCE in the treatment of allergic asthma. Western blot results indicated that the levels of phosphorylated PI3K, JNK, and P38 were downregulated in HCE-treated group. Moreover, HCE significantly upregulated the levels of ceramide and sphingomyelin and downregulated the level of phosphatidylcholine.
Conclusion
HCE inhibited allergic asthma via PI3K/JNK/P38 signaling pathway and lipid homeostasis regulation.
{"title":"Hyssopus cuspidatus extract inhibited OVA-sensitized allergic asthma through PI3K/JNK/P38 signaling pathway and lipid homeostasis regulation","authors":"Yali Zhang , Huiming Peng , Jingjing Li , Pan Lv , Mengru Zhang , Xu Wang , Siyu Wang , Siying Zhu , Jiankang Lu , Xuepeng Fan , Jinbo Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the effect and mechanism of <em>Hyssopus cuspidatus</em> Boriss. extract (HCE) in ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Components identification of HCE was conducted using ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight-mass spectrometry. Mice were sensitized with OVA to establish asthmatic model, and dexamethasone was used as positive control. Respiratory reactivity, white cells counting in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and peripheral blood, cytokine level measurement in serum and lung tissue, and histologic examination were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of HCE on asthma. Network pharmacology approach was used for mechanism prediction. Western blotting and untargeted lipidomics method were applied for mechanism validation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifty-two compounds were identified in HCE, predominantly terpenoids and flavonoids. HCE markedly reduced airway resistance, the eosinophil infiltration in lung tissues, and the levels of immunoglobulin E, interleukin-4, interleukin-5, and interleukin-13. Network pharmacology analysis suggested phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3K), c-Jun <em>N</em>-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) may be key proteins of HCE in the treatment of allergic asthma. Western blot results indicated that the levels of phosphorylated PI3K, JNK, and P38 were downregulated in HCE-treated group. Moreover, HCE significantly upregulated the levels of ceramide and sphingomyelin and downregulated the level of phosphatidylcholine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HCE inhibited allergic asthma via PI3K/JNK/P38 signaling pathway and lipid homeostasis regulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 539-547"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.003
Yijie Li , Ruiyu Wu , Xin Li , Jianan Li , Yinhao Zhang , Yanbo Huang , Guifang Fan , Xiaojiaoyang Li
Objective
Cassiae Semen (CS, Juemingzi in Chinese) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of anthraquinones of CS (AQS) for adiposity.
Methods
The chemical components of the AQS were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Network pharmacology analysis was used to predict potential anti-obesity targets of action for AQS. We constructed high fat with high sugar water diet-induced obese mice and observed their body weight and whole-body lipid metabolism to evaluate the efficacy of AQS in promoting lipid metabolism. Subsequently, the epidermal temperature at the brown adipose tissue (BAT) before and after cold stimulation was observed and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver and BAT tissues was detected to clarify the mechanism of action of AQS.
Results
Network pharmacology analysis showed that AQS was involved in the regulation of liver and adipose tissue function under obesity. Pathological and biochemical results showed that AQS reduced lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue induced by an unhealthy diet. With the increase of cold tolerance, the volume and weight of BAT were increased by AQS, suggesting that it regulated the body heat production dominated by BAT. After AQS treatment, the levels of genes related to uncoupling protein1 (UCP1)-mediated adaptive thermogenesis in BAT tissues and lipid metabolism in the liver were also increased, which further proved that AQS activated BAT function to promote lipid metabolism in the whole body.
Conclusion
This study revealed the pharmacological effects of AQS, thereby providing a scientific basis for regulating BAT thermogenesis and liver lipid metabolism to alleviate obesity and providing clues for further exploring the application of natural active ingredients in the treatment of metabolism-related diseases.
{"title":"Anthraquinones of Cassiae Semen alleviate lipid accumulation in obesity by regulating brown adipose tissue and liver function","authors":"Yijie Li , Ruiyu Wu , Xin Li , Jianan Li , Yinhao Zhang , Yanbo Huang , Guifang Fan , Xiaojiaoyang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Cassiae Semen</em> (CS, Juemingzi in Chinese) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine with a variety of pharmacological effects. This study aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects and molecular mechanisms of anthraquinones of CS (AQS) for adiposity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The chemical components of the AQS were determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Network pharmacology analysis was used to predict potential anti-obesity targets of action for AQS. We constructed high fat with high sugar water diet-induced obese mice and observed their body weight and whole-body lipid metabolism to evaluate the efficacy of AQS in promoting lipid metabolism. Subsequently, the epidermal temperature at the brown adipose tissue (BAT) before and after cold stimulation was observed and the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes in the liver and BAT tissues was detected to clarify the mechanism of action of AQS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Network pharmacology analysis showed that AQS was involved in the regulation of liver and adipose tissue function under obesity. Pathological and biochemical results showed that AQS reduced lipid accumulation in the liver and adipose tissue induced by an unhealthy diet. With the increase of cold tolerance, the volume and weight of BAT were increased by AQS, suggesting that it regulated the body heat production dominated by BAT. After AQS treatment, the levels of genes related to uncoupling protein1 (UCP1)-mediated adaptive thermogenesis in BAT tissues and lipid metabolism in the liver were also increased, which further proved that AQS activated BAT function to promote lipid metabolism in the whole body.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed the pharmacological effects of AQS, thereby providing a scientific basis for regulating BAT thermogenesis and liver lipid metabolism to alleviate obesity and providing clues for further exploring the application of natural active ingredients in the treatment of metabolism-related diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 488-499"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-01DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2025.03.006
Kaidi Fan , Xu Lian , Weicong Zhang , Xuemei Qin , Yuetao Liu
Objective
Astragali Radix (AR, Huangqi in Chinese) has been utilized generally as a bulk drug for the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in China. The efficacy of wild-simulated AR (WAR) and transplanted AR (TAR) commercially available is unclear. This study aimed to further clarify the therapeutic action of WAR and TAR to treat CAG rats based on endogenous-xenobiotics metabolism.
Methods
Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) based metabolomics had been used to analyze the cecal contents metabolic features and metabolic process differences of two ARs in the treatment of CAG.
Results
Apparent pharmacodynamic indicator examination revealed that the WAR group had a more substantial curative effect. Metabolomics studies revealed that seven endogenous metabolites were significant differences in two ARs. Furthermore, following treatment, 77 and 65 xenobiotics metabolites were identified in the WAR and TAR groups, respectively. Finally, the most critical riboflavin metabolic route in the formation of CAG was chosen for molecular docking with the relevant exogenous components, and WAR scored higher than TAR.
Conclusion
In this work, we analyzed the efficacy differences of AR from diverse cultivation forms by combining metabolomics and medicinal chemistry technologies, and it gave a fresh perspective for TCM efficacy evaluation and quality control research.
{"title":"Riboflavin metabolism involved into comparison of therapeutic action of wild-simulated and transplanted Astragali Radix to treat chronic atrophic gastritis rats based on endogenous-xenobiotics metabolism","authors":"Kaidi Fan , Xu Lian , Weicong Zhang , Xuemei Qin , Yuetao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div><em>Astragali Radix</em> (AR, Huangqi in Chinese) has been utilized generally as a bulk drug for the treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) in China. The efficacy of wild-simulated AR (WAR) and transplanted AR (TAR) commercially available is unclear. This study aimed to further clarify the therapeutic action of WAR and TAR to treat CAG rats based on endogenous-xenobiotics metabolism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometer (UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS) based metabolomics had been used to analyze the cecal contents metabolic features and metabolic process differences of two ARs in the treatment of CAG.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Apparent pharmacodynamic indicator examination revealed that the WAR group had a more substantial curative effect. Metabolomics studies revealed that seven endogenous metabolites were significant differences in two ARs. Furthermore, following treatment, 77 and 65 xenobiotics metabolites were identified in the WAR and TAR groups, respectively. Finally, the most critical riboflavin metabolic route in the formation of CAG was chosen for molecular docking with the relevant exogenous components, and WAR scored higher than TAR.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In this work, we analyzed the efficacy differences of AR from diverse cultivation forms by combining metabolomics and medicinal chemistry technologies, and it gave a fresh perspective for TCM efficacy evaluation and quality control research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 3","pages":"Pages 513-528"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144655981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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