Chinese Herbal Medicines最新文献

{"title":"Innovation theory, technical methods and industrial application of quality marker of traditional Chinese medicine","authors":"Tiejun Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Bai ,&nbsp;Changxiao Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quality marker (Q-Marker) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is a new concept of TCM quality research. Since it was proposed in 2016, it has aroused wide response from the industry and has become an innovative theory and technical method leading the quality research and quality control of TCM. This paper summarized the core connotation, theoretical basis and innovative value of Q-Marker, proposed the technical strategies and paths of the Q-Marker research, and showed the prospect of its application in the TCM industry. The paper provides references for TCM quality research, quality evaluation, quality control and scientific supervision and has important significance for promoting the quality standard and quality control level of TCM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 84-86"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharides: Extraction process, structural features, bioactivities and applications","authors":"Hongyue Tian ,&nbsp;Lingzhuo An ,&nbsp;Pengwang Wang ,&nbsp;Xuemin Zhang ,&nbsp;Wenyuan Gao ,&nbsp;Xia Li","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Astragalus membranaceus</em> possesses the function of enhancing immunity, protecting the liver, diuretic, anti-aging, anti-stress, anti-hypertensive, and more extensive antibacterial effects. Polysaccharides, one kind of the major active ingredients of <em>A. membranaceus</em>, are considered to be responsible for their versatile use. Now, a systematic summary of research progress and prospects of polysaccharides from <em>A. membranaceus</em> polysaccharides (AMPs) is necessary to facilitate their further study and application. In this review, the optimal extraction methods, structural features, biological activities, and applications of AMPs were emphasized. The structure–activity relationships are also analyzed and elucidated. Solvent, ultrasonic, microwave, enzyme-assisted, ultra-high pressure, and combined methods have been used to extract AMPs. Among them, solvent extraction is the most commonly used method because it is simple and easy to operate, but the efficiency needs to be improved further. The ultra-high pressure method is the most efficient but has a low economic return. AMPs exhibited various bioactivities, including immunomodulation, antitumor, and antidiabete. The structure–activity relationships revealed that different structure configurations, chain conformations, and physical properties would have different bioactivities. However, the new method for purification of certain polysaccharides, detailed structure–activity relationships (SAR), mechanisms of bioactivities, and quality control of AMPs need to be extensively investigated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 56-69"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolome and transcriptome association study reveals biosynthesis of specialized benzylisoquinoline alkaloids in Phellodendron amurense","authors":"Tingxia Liu ,&nbsp;Wanran Zhang ,&nbsp;Sijia Wang ,&nbsp;Ya Tian ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Ranran Gao ,&nbsp;Shilin Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Wei Ma ,&nbsp;Zhichao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) have pharmacological functions and clinical use. BIAs are mainly distributed in plant species across the order Ranunculales and the genus <em>Phellodendron</em> from Sapindales. The BIA biosynthesis has been intensively investigated in Ranunculales species. However, the accumulation mechanism of BIAs in <em>Phellodendron</em> is largely unknown. The aim of this study is to unravel the biosynthetic pathways of BIAs in <em>Phellodendron amurens</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The transcriptome and metabolome data from 18 different tissues of <em>P. amurense</em> were meticulously sequenced and subsequently subjected to a thorough analysis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), a powerful systems biology approach that facilitates the construction and subsequent analysis of co-expression networks, was utilized to identify candidate genes involved in BIAs biosynthesis. Following this, recombinant plasmids containing candidate genes were expressed in <em>Escherichia coli</em>, a widely used prokaryotic expression system. The purpose of this genetic engineering endeavor was to express the candidate genes within the bacteria, thereby enabling the assessment of the resultant enzyme activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The synonymous substitutions per synonymous site for paralogs indicated that at least one whole genome duplication event has occurred. The potential BIA biosynthetic pathway of <em>P. amurense</em> was proposed, and two PR10/Bet v1 members, 14 CYP450s, and 33 methyltransferases were selected as related to BIA biosynthesis. One PR10/Bet v1 was identified as norcoclaurine synthase, which could catalyze dopamine and 4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde into (<em>S</em>)-norcoclaurine.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our studies provide important insights into the biosynthesis and evolution of BIAs in non-Ranunculales species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 178-188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of phytochemical approaches in treatment of acute myeloid leukemia: Associated pathways and molecular mechanisms","authors":"Mouvanal Sajana ,&nbsp;T.S. Gopenath ,&nbsp;Basalingappa M. Kanthesh","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow<strong>.</strong> This review conducts a thorough analysis of AML, addressing its genetic modification. The examination extends to the current therapeutic approaches employed for AML, shedding light on their efficacy and the notable side effects experienced by patients undergoing these treatments, leading to a low overall survival rate. Therefore, exploring alternative treatments, such as phytochemicals, is necessary. Furthermore, the review explores the complex landscape of phytochemicals, categorizing them based on their diverse properties, which include alkaloids, phenols, terpenoids, organo-sulfur compounds, and other compounds, including quinones, and elucidating their mechanisms of action. Special emphasis is placed on their involvement in critical signaling pathways, with a particular focus on how these phytochemicals impact AML when evaluated across a spectrum of cell lines. This in-depth exploration aims to uncover potential targets within the molecular landscape of AML where phytochemicals can exert their therapeutic effects. The review investigates the potential role of plant-derived phytochemicals as adjunctive therapies for AML. This exploration encompasses the identification of specific phytochemicals that exhibit promising anti-leukemic properties and evaluates their potential in clinical settings. Beyond conventional treatments, the review explores the integration of complementary and alternative medicine as a holistic approach to managing AML. The examination encompasses the synergy between conventional therapies and alternative interventions, exploring how these combined strategies may enhance overall therapeutic outcomes and mitigate side effects. From a forward-looking perspective, the overarching goal is to contribute to the evolving landscape of AML treatment by considering innovative approaches that harness the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals, both independently and in conjunction with established medical interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 41-55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promotion of chronic wound healing by plant-derived active ingredients and research progress and potential of plant polysaccharide hydrogels","authors":"Ru Yan ,&nbsp;Yanhong Wang ,&nbsp;Weinan Li ,&nbsp;Jialin Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wound healing is a complex biochemical process. The use of herbal medicine in wound healing not only carries forward the wisdom of traditional medicine, with its anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating effects, but also reflects the direction of modern biopharmaceutical technology, such as its potential in developing new biomaterials like hydrogels. This article first outlines the inherent structural properties of healthy skin, along with the physiological characteristics related to chronic wounds in patients with diabetes and burns. Subsequently, the article delves into the latest advancements in clinical and experimental research on the impact of active constituents in herbal medicine on wound tissue regeneration, summarizing existing studies on the mechanisms of various herbal medicines in the healing of diabetic and burn wounds. Finally, the paper thoroughly examines the application and mechanisms of plant polysaccharide hydrogels containing active herbal compounds in chronic wound healing. The primary objective is to provide valuable resources for the clinical application and development of herbal medicine, thereby maximizing its therapeutic potential. It also represents the continuation of traditional medical wisdom, offering new possibilities for advancements in regenerative medicine and wound care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 70-83"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerbera odollam fruit extracts enhance anti-cancer activity of sorafenib in HCT116 and HepG2 cells","authors":"Supawadee Parhira ,&nbsp;Orakot Simanurak ,&nbsp;Khemmachat Pansooksan ,&nbsp;Julintorn Somran ,&nbsp;Apirath Wangteeraprasert ,&nbsp;Zhihong Jiang ,&nbsp;Liping Bai ,&nbsp;Pranee Nangngam ,&nbsp;Dumrongsak Pekthong ,&nbsp;Piyarat Srisawang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;While higher therapeutic doses of toxic cardiac glycosides derived from &lt;em&gt;Cerbera odollam&lt;/em&gt; are frequently employed in cases of suicide or homicide, ongoing research is investigating the potential anticancer properties of low-concentration extracts obtained from the fruits of &lt;em&gt;C. odollam&lt;/em&gt;. The present study aimed to determine the enhanced anticancer effects and minimize potential side effects of combining extracts from &lt;em&gt;C. odollam&lt;/em&gt; fruits from Thailand with sorafenib against HCT116 and HepG2 cells.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The dried powder of fresh green fruits of &lt;em&gt;C. odollam&lt;/em&gt; was fractionated, and its phytochemical contents, including total cardiac glycosides, phenolics, flavonoids, and triterpenoids, were quantified. The cytotoxic effects of these fractions were evaluated against HCT116 and HepG2 cells using the MTT assay. The fractions showing the most significant response in HCT116 and HepG2 cells were subsequently combined with sorafenib to examine their synergistic effects. Apoptosis induction, cell cycle progression, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were then assessed. The underlying mechanism of the apoptotic effect was further investigated by analyzing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the expression levels of antioxidant proteins.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Phytochemical analysis showed that &lt;em&gt;C. odollam&lt;/em&gt;-ethyl acetate fraction (COEtOAc) was rich in cardiac glycosides, phenolics, and flavonoids, while the dichloromethane fraction (CODCM) contained high levels of triterpenoids and saponins. Following 24 h treatment, HCT116 showed the most significant response to COEtOAc, while HepG2 responded well to CODCM with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of (42.04 ± 16.94) μg/mL and (123.75 ± 14.21) μg/mL, respectively. Consequently, COEtOAc (20 μg/mL) or CODCM (30 μg/mL), both administered at sub-IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations, were combined with sorafenib at 6 μmol/L for HCT116 cells and 2 μmol/L for HepG2 cells, incubated for 24 h. This combination resulted in a significant suppression in cell viability by approximately 50%. The combination of treatments markedly enhanced apoptosis, diminished MMP, and triggered G&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;/G&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; phase cell cycle arrest compared to the effects of each treatment administered individually. Concurrently, increased formation of ROS and decreased expression of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase supported the proposed mechanism of apoptosis induction by the combination treatment. Importantly, the anticancer effect demonstrated a specific targeted action with a favorable safety profile, as evidenced by HFF-1 cells displaying IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values 2–3 times higher than those of the cancer cells.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Utilizing sub-IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; concentrations of COEtOAc or CODCM in combination with sorafenib can enhance targeted anticancer effects beyond those achieved with","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 108-126"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TPMGD: A genomic database for the traditional medicines in Pakistan","authors":"Rushuang Xiang ,&nbsp;Huihua Wan ,&nbsp;Wei Sun ,&nbsp;Baozhong Duan ,&nbsp;Weiqian Chen ,&nbsp;Xue Cao ,&nbsp;Sifan Wang ,&nbsp;Chi Song ,&nbsp;Shilin Chen ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Atia-tul Wahab ,&nbsp;M. Iqbal Choudhary ,&nbsp;Xiangxiao Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In Pakistan, traditional medicines are an important component of the medical system, with numerous varieties and great demands. However, due to the scattered resources and the lack of systematic collection and collation, adulteration of traditional Pakistani medicine (TPM) is common, which severely affects the safety of their medicinal use and the import and export trades. Therefore, it is urgent to systematically organize and unify the management of TPM and establish a set of standards and operable methods for the identification of TPM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collected and organized the information on 128 TPMs with regard to their medicinal parts, efficacy, usage, and genetic material, based on Pakistan <em>Hamdard Pharmacopoeia of Eastern Medicine: Pharmaceutical Codex</em>. The genetic information of TPM is summarized from national center for biotechnology information (NCBI) and global pharmacopoeia genome database (GPGD). Furthermore, we utilized bioinformatics technology to supplement the chloroplast genome (cp-genome) data of 12 TPMs. To build the web server, we used the Linux + Apache + MySQL + PHP (LAMP) system and constructed the webpage on a PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP) model view controller (MVC) framework.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We constructed a new genomic database, the traditional Pakistani medicine genomic database (TPMGD). This database comprises five entries, namely homepage, medicinal species, species identification, basic local alignment search tool (BLAST), and download. Currently, TPMGD contains basic profiles of 128 TPMs and genetic information of 102 TPMs, including 140 cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase subunit I (COI) sequences and 119 mitochondrial genome sequences from <em>Bombyx mori</em>, 1 396 internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequences and 1 074 intergenic region (<em>psb</em>A<em>-trn</em>H) sequences specific to 92 and 83 plant species, respectively. Additionally, TPMGD includes 199 cp-genome sequences of 82 TPMs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TPMGD is a multifunctional database that integrates species description, functional information inquiry, genetic information storage, molecular identification of TPM, etc. The database not only provides convenience for TPM information queries but also establishes the scientific basis for the medication safety, species identification, and resource protection of TPM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 87-93"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Material basis revelation of anti-hepatoma effect of Huachansu (Cinobufacini) through down-regulation of thymidylate synthase","authors":"Qi Wu,&nbsp;Qimei Chen,&nbsp;Jingyi Yang,&nbsp;Jiayu Zhang,&nbsp;Ailin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Huachansu (Cinobufacini) is active extract isolated from the dry skin of &lt;em&gt;Bufo Bufo gargarizans&lt;/em&gt;. It has now been widely used in clinical treatment of cancer, this study is to clarify the material basis of down-regulation of thymidylate synthase (TYMS) induced by Huachansu.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Our study utilized UPLC-MS/MS to identify major bioactive components from Huachansu. Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assay and clone formation assay were used to examine the cell viability of tumor cells. TYMS and γ-H2AX level were detected by using quantitative real-time RT-PCR and/or western blotting. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection was used to explore whether inhibition of TYMS could enhance the suppressive effect of Huachansu on cell growth of HCC cells.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;In our study, firstly, we identify 21 major bioactive components from Huachansu. CCK-8 assay results showed that Huachansu and its bioactive bufadienolides (Bufalin, Bufotalin, Cinobufotalin, Desacetylcinobufagin, Arenobufagin, Telocinobufagin, and Resibufogenin) significantly inhibited the proliferation of HepG2 and SK-HEP-1 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Further molecular mechanistic investigation demonstrates that Huachansu significantly suppresses thymidylate synthase (TYMS), the enzyme which provides the sole de novo source of thymidylate for DNA synthesis. The inhibition of TYMS could lead to cell-cycle block and DNA damage of HCC cells. Furthermore, we identified that Huachansu markedly increased γ-H2AX expression, which indicated the presence of DNA damage. Moreover, we confirmed that transfection of cells with small interfering RNA specific to TYMS could increase the suppressive effects of Huachansu on the HCC cells proliferation. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis showed that Huachansu treatment had no effect on the transcription level of TYMS. Furthermore, proteasomal inhibitor MG132 could block TYMS inhibition induced by Huachansu, and concomitant administration of protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide (CHX) with Huachansu could further suppress the protein level of TYMS, indicating that Huachansu promotes proteasome-dependent degradation of TYMS in liver cancer cells. More importantly, the bioactive bufadienolides of Huachansu such as Bufalin, Bufotalin, Cinobufotalin, Desacetylcinobufagin, Arenobufagin, Telocinobufagin, and Resibufogenin could also significantly restrain the protein level of TYMS, revealing the material basis of inhibition of TYMS exposed to Huachansu. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is a TYMS inhibitor, we also evaluate the effects of the combined treatment of Huachansu with 5-FU, the results show that interactions between Huachansu and 5-FU are synergistic or antagonistic. Thus, in clinical, attention should be paid to the dosage of Huachansu in combination with 5-FU.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 127-138"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141133750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese herbal medicine in European Union: State of art, challenges, and future perspectives focusing on Italian market","authors":"Anna Rita Bilia ,&nbsp;Rebecca Ballerini ,&nbsp;Liping Qu ,&nbsp;Mei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2024.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM) has been used in China for thousands of years as an integral part of the healthcare system.The use of botanical products deriving from plants from TCM has become very spread and rooted in European Union (EU), generating a manufacturing industry of pronounced size, in particular the segment of food supplements, but recently also medical devices and cosmetics based on plants from TCM, especially in Italy. Only seven Herbal Medicinal Products (HMP) based on plants from TCM are present in EU besides more than 100 monographs on TCM plants are present in <em>the European Pharmacopoeia</em>. Indeed, the number of herbal monographs of European Medicine Agency (EMA) which report the main data on safety and efficacy of medicinal plants from TCM are very limited and this could be a reason for the limited number of HMP based on herbal drugs used in TCM. It is clear that those botanicals based on TCM but not classified as HMP can represent a sort of “borderline” products. Very likely, they are present on the European market because of the simpler authorization when compared with HMP. Some examples of these categories (food supplements and medical devices) containing plants from TCM and marketed in Italy are reported in this review. Consequently, it is urgent the need to clarify their categorization, also fundamental for the consumer protection. It is imperative the establishment of EU quality standards and official registration for Chinese herbal medicinal products, even if they are marketed as food supplements, medicinal devices or cosmetics because the international quality standards <em>International Organization for Standardization Technical Committee 249-Traditional Chinese Medicine</em> (ISO/TC249) can harmonize the quality control and promote the trading internationally. Governmental organizations together with companies producing TCM should work together to accelerate the legislation of laws pertaining to TCM, and generate an environment where TCM does not just continue to exist but truly develop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 3-18"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qishen Granule protects against myocardial ischemia by promoting angiogenesis through BMP2-Dll4-Notch1 pathway","authors":"Yiqin Hong ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Hanyan Xie ,&nbsp;Xinyi Zhong ,&nbsp;Xu Chen ,&nbsp;Lishuang Yu ,&nbsp;Yawen Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingmei Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Binghua Tang ,&nbsp;Linghui Lu ,&nbsp;Dongqing Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.12.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.chmed.2023.12.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Therapeutic angiogenesis has become a promising approach for treating ischemic heart disease (IHD). The present study aims to investigate the effects of Qishen Granule (QSG) on angiogenesis in myocardial ischemia (MI) and the potential mechanism.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><em>In vivo</em> study was conducted on rat model of myocardial infarction. QSG was performed daily at a dose of 2.352 g/kg for four weeks. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiogram and pro-angiogenic effects were evaluated by Laser Doppler and CD31 expression. Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) was applied in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cell viability, wound healing and tube formation assay were used to test functions of HUVECs. ELISA and Western blots were used to assess protein expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2-delta-like 4-notch homolog 1 (BMP2-Dll4-Notch1) signaling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results showed that QSG improved heart function, cardiac blood flow and microvessel density in myocardial ischemic rats. <em>In vitro,</em> QSG protected HUVECs by promoting the cell viability and tube formation. QSG upregulated bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2) and downregulated delta-like 4 (Dll4) and notch homolog 1 (Notch1) expressions both in rats and HUVECs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>QSG protected against MI by promoting angiogenesis through BMP2-Dll4-Notch1 pathway. BMP2 might be a promising therapeutic target for IHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9916,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Herbal Medicines","volume":"17 1","pages":"Pages 139-147"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143137888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}