Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240212441
O. V. Kotsupii, Tatyana Shemetova
The features of the accumulation of flavonoid glycosides and hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids have been studied in the leaves of endemic Astragalus ionae Palibin and A. palibinii Polozhij of different ecological and geographical growing conditions of the Republic of Khakasia by HPLC method. Luteolin-7-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside, and 3 quercetin glycosides were identified from 8 glycosides of flavonoids from the leaves of A. ionae plants. Six flavonoid glycosides were found in the leaves of A. palibinii, luteolin-7-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-rutinoside were identified. No differences were found in the composition of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids in plants of the studied taxa. Gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were identified in the leaves of A. ionae and A. palibinii. The differences between these species in terms of the content of phenolic compounds are most pronounced in the fact that A. ionae plants accumulate more luteolin-7-glucoside, the sum of flavonoid glycosides, and hydroxybenzoic acids. The content of phenolic compounds in plants of different coenopopulations is influenced by ecological and coenotic factors. In arid xerophytic and petrophytic communities more characteristic of these species, more caffeic acid and rutin accumulate, as well as the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids.
采用高效液相色谱法研究了哈卡斯共和国不同生态和地理生长条件下特有的黄芪叶中黄酮苷、羟基苯甲酸和羟基肉桂酸的积累特征。从 A. ionae 植物叶片中的 8 种黄酮苷中鉴定出了木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷、芦丁、山奈酚-3-O-β-芸香糖苷和 3 种槲皮素苷。在 A. palibinii 的叶片中发现了 6 种黄酮苷，分别是叶黄素-7-葡萄糖苷、芦丁、山奈酚-3-O-β-芸香糖苷和异鼠李素-3-O-β-芸香糖苷。在所研究类群的植物中，羟基苯甲酸和羟基肉桂酸的成分没有发现差异。在 A. ionae 和 A. palibinii 的叶片中发现了没食子酸、对羟基苯甲酸、新绿原酸、绿原酸、咖啡酸、对香豆酸和阿魏酸。这两个物种在酚类化合物含量方面的差异最明显的是，A. ionae 植物积累了更多的木犀草素-7-葡萄糖苷、黄酮苷和羟基苯甲酸。不同群落植物的酚类化合物含量受生态和群落因素的影响。在干旱的旱生和石生群落中，咖啡酸和芦丁以及羟基肉桂酸的积累量更多。
{"title":"FEATURES OF ACCUMULATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS IN ENDEMIC SPECIES ASTRAGALUS IONAE PALIBIN AND A. PALIBINII POLOZHIJ GROWING ON THE TERRITORY OF THE REPUBLIC OF KHAKASIA","authors":"O. V. Kotsupii, Tatyana Shemetova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240212441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240212441","url":null,"abstract":"The features of the accumulation of flavonoid glycosides and hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids have been studied in the leaves of endemic Astragalus ionae Palibin and A. palibinii Polozhij of different ecological and geographical growing conditions of the Republic of Khakasia by HPLC method. Luteolin-7-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside, and 3 quercetin glycosides were identified from 8 glycosides of flavonoids from the leaves of A. ionae plants. Six flavonoid glycosides were found in the leaves of A. palibinii, luteolin-7-glucoside, rutin, kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside, and isorhamnetin-3-O-β-rutinoside were identified. No differences were found in the composition of hydroxybenzoic and hydroxycinnamic acids in plants of the studied taxa. Gallic, p-hydroxybenzoic, neochlorogenic, chlorogenic, caffeic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were identified in the leaves of A. ionae and A. palibinii. The differences between these species in terms of the content of phenolic compounds are most pronounced in the fact that A. ionae plants accumulate more luteolin-7-glucoside, the sum of flavonoid glycosides, and hydroxybenzoic acids. The content of phenolic compounds in plants of different coenopopulations is influenced by ecological and coenotic factors. In arid xerophytic and petrophytic communities more characteristic of these species, more caffeic acid and rutin accumulate, as well as the amount of hydroxycinnamic acids.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141108024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240212969
Olga Aleksandrovna Kalashnikova, V. Ryzhov, V. A. Kurkin
Giant cephalaria (Cephalaria gigantea (LEDEB.) BOBROV) is a powerful perennial whose height reaches two meters. This plant is found in Southern Europe, Western and Central Asia, as well as in North and South Africa. It is cultivated in the Botanical garden of Samara University. The extracts of giant cephalaria have been used in traditional medicine for many years due to their antimicrobial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antipyretic activities, which may be due to various biologically active compounds. It is known that the leaves contain triterpenoids, phenolic carboxylic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, and the flowers contain flavonoid compounds: luteolin, quercetin, cynaroside, quercimeritrin and gigantoside A. The article describes the development of a technique for quantifying of the amount of flavonoids in the flowers of giant cephalaria. Spectrophotometric analysis of water-alcohol extracts from giant cephalaria flowers allowed us to establish that the main contribution to the absorption curve of their UV-spectra in the presence of AlCl3 is made by flavonols having a free OH group at the C-3 position, and in the differential version, the maximum absorption of the tested solution is close to that of the standard sample of quercetin (428±2 nm). Optimal conditions for the extraction of flavonoids in giant cephalaria flowers were determined: extractant 70% ethyl alcohol; the ratio "raw material-extractant" – 1 : 50; extraction time – extraction in a boiling water bath for 60 minutes, the degree of grinding of raw materials – 2 mm, analytical wavelength – 426 nm. It was determined that the content of the total flavonoids calculated on quercetin in the flowers of giant cephalaria varies from 1.58±0.05% to 2.63±0.05%. The error of a single determination with a 95% confidence probability is ±1.75%. The obtained results were used in the development of the FS project for a new type of medicinal plant raw materials "Cephalaria giant flowers" for introduction into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
{"title":"THE METHOD OF QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF THE AMOUNT OF FLAVONOIDS IN THE FLOWERS OF GIANT CEPHALARIA","authors":"Olga Aleksandrovna Kalashnikova, V. Ryzhov, V. A. Kurkin","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240212969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240212969","url":null,"abstract":"Giant cephalaria (Cephalaria gigantea (LEDEB.) BOBROV) is a powerful perennial whose height reaches two meters. This plant is found in Southern Europe, Western and Central Asia, as well as in North and South Africa. It is cultivated in the Botanical garden of Samara University. The extracts of giant cephalaria have been used in traditional medicine for many years due to their antimicrobial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antipyretic activities, which may be due to various biologically active compounds. It is known that the leaves contain triterpenoids, phenolic carboxylic acids and their derivatives, flavonoids, and the flowers contain flavonoid compounds: luteolin, quercetin, cynaroside, quercimeritrin and gigantoside A. \u0000The article describes the development of a technique for quantifying of the amount of flavonoids in the flowers of giant cephalaria. Spectrophotometric analysis of water-alcohol extracts from giant cephalaria flowers allowed us to establish that the main contribution to the absorption curve of their UV-spectra in the presence of AlCl3 is made by flavonols having a free OH group at the C-3 position, and in the differential version, the maximum absorption of the tested solution is close to that of the standard sample of quercetin (428±2 nm). Optimal conditions for the extraction of flavonoids in giant cephalaria flowers were determined: extractant 70% ethyl alcohol; the ratio \"raw material-extractant\" – 1 : 50; extraction time – extraction in a boiling water bath for 60 minutes, the degree of grinding of raw materials – 2 mm, analytical wavelength – 426 nm. \u0000It was determined that the content of the total flavonoids calculated on quercetin in the flowers of giant cephalaria varies from 1.58±0.05% to 2.63±0.05%. The error of a single determination with a 95% confidence probability is ±1.75%. \u0000The obtained results were used in the development of the FS project for a new type of medicinal plant raw materials \"Cephalaria giant flowers\" for introduction into the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141112625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240212561
Татьяна Абдулхаиловна Kukushkina, Vera Andreevna Kostikova, Elena P. Khramova
The search for additional sources of catechins among the local flora is relevant today. The method for determining the content of catechins by the spectrophotometric method in the leaves of the subshrub Zalesov's cinquefoil (Comarum salesovianum (Steph.) Asch. et Graebn.) from the Rosaceae Juss. family was validated. The content of catechins in terms of (±)-catechin in the leaves and rhizomes of two species of the genus Comarum ‒ C. salesovianum and C. palustre L. (marsh cinquefoil) was studied. The highest content of catechins was found in the roots of C. palustre (4%) and leaves of C. salesovianum (2.58%). A method for determining the composition and content of individual catechins in the leaves and roots of two representatives of the genus Comarum by high-performance liquid chromatography has been proposed. Three catechins [(±)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin] were found in leaves and roots. (±)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin are predominant in the leaves and roots of C. palustre and C. salesovianum. The content of epigallocatechin gallate does not exceed 0.1 mg/g. The concentration of (±)-catechin is highest in the roots (1.21 mg/g) of C. palustre, and (-)-epicatechin is highest in the leaves (1.35 mg/g) of C. salesovianum.
如今，在当地植物中寻找儿茶素的其他来源具有现实意义。通过分光光度法测定蔷薇科（Rosaceae Juss.）亚灌木 Zalesov's cinquefoil（Comarum salesovianum (Steph.) Asch. et Graebn.）叶片中儿茶素含量的方法得到了验证。研究了两种 Comarum 属植物--C. salesovianum 和 C. palustre L.（沼泽金雀花）的叶片和根茎中儿茶素的含量（±）-儿茶素）。发现儿茶素含量最高的是 C. palustre 的根（4%）和 C. salesovianum 的叶（2.58%）。提出了一种利用高效液相色谱法测定两种缨属植物叶片和根部中单个儿茶素成分和含量的方法。在叶子和根中发现了三种儿茶素[(±)-儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯和(-)-表儿茶素]。(±)-儿茶素和(-)-表儿茶素在 C. palustre 和 C. salesovianum 的叶和根中占主导地位。表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯的含量不超过 0.1 毫克/克。(±)-儿茶素在苍术根中含量最高（1.21 毫克/克），(-)-表儿茶素在苍术叶中含量最高（1.35 毫克/克）。
{"title":"CONTENT OF CATECHINS IN LEAVES AND ROOTS OF COMARUM SALESOVIANUM AND COMARUM PALUSTRE (ROSACEAE)","authors":"Татьяна Абдулхаиловна Kukushkina, Vera Andreevna Kostikova, Elena P. Khramova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240212561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240212561","url":null,"abstract":"The search for additional sources of catechins among the local flora is relevant today. The method for determining the content of catechins by the spectrophotometric method in the leaves of the subshrub Zalesov's cinquefoil (Comarum salesovianum (Steph.) Asch. et Graebn.) from the Rosaceae Juss. family was validated. The content of catechins in terms of (±)-catechin in the leaves and rhizomes of two species of the genus Comarum ‒ C. salesovianum and C. palustre L. (marsh cinquefoil) was studied. The highest content of catechins was found in the roots of C. palustre (4%) and leaves of C. salesovianum (2.58%). A method for determining the composition and content of individual catechins in the leaves and roots of two representatives of the genus Comarum by high-performance liquid chromatography has been proposed. Three catechins [(±)-catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and (-)-epicatechin] were found in leaves and roots. (±)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin are predominant in the leaves and roots of C. palustre and C. salesovianum. The content of epigallocatechin gallate does not exceed 0.1 mg/g. The concentration of (±)-catechin is highest in the roots (1.21 mg/g) of C. palustre, and (-)-epicatechin is highest in the leaves (1.35 mg/g) of C. salesovianum.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141109103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-22DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240212935
O. Serebrennikova, Eugenia Borisovna Strelnikova, I. Russkikh
The features of the distribution of fat-soluble organic compounds in the leaves of deciduous shrubs Rubus idaeus and Sorbus aucuparia growing in identical weather conditions in mixed and pine forests of the southern taiga of Western Siberia are shown. The composition of n-alkanes, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, n-aldehydes, n-alkane-2-ones, n-alkanols, acyclic isoprenoids, steroids and pentacyclic triterpenoids was studied by chromatomass spectrometry. It was found that the microclimate of pine forest and mixed forest influences the composition of organic compounds in the leaves of single-species plants. In a mixed forest, among acyclic compounds, the total proportion of n-alkanes and the relative content of high-molecular homologues of n-alkanes, n-aldehydes and n-alkane-2-ones in rowan and raspberry leaves were increased. The composition of steroids is dominated by sitosterol, while in the bushes of mixed forest, unlike pine forest, there is a higher proportion of keto-substituted stigmast-4-en-3-one and the hydrocarbon stigmast-3,5-diene. Pine raspberries are distinguished by the presence of cholesterol, lanosterol and lanost-8-en-3-one, an increased content of cycloartenol. The leaves of ash among the pentacyclic triterpenoids identified a- and β-amerins, and the leaves of the raspberry a-, β- and d-amerins, among which in the pine forest increased the proportion a- amerin, and in the mixed forest – d-amerin. Raspberry leaves are dominated by neolup-12-en-3-ol, whereas in the leaves of mountain ash of mixed forest – lupeol, and pine forest – presumably 28-norneogop-18-en-3-ol. It is shown that the distribution of fat-soluble compounds depends not only on the type of plant, but also on the conditions of its growth, which must be taken into account when planning the practical use of plant raw materials.
{"title":"CHROMATOMASS SPECTROMETRIC STUDY OF LEAVES OF RUBUS IDAEUS L. AND SORBUS AUCUPARIA L. SOUTH OF THE TOMSK REGION","authors":"O. Serebrennikova, Eugenia Borisovna Strelnikova, I. Russkikh","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240212935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240212935","url":null,"abstract":"The features of the distribution of fat-soluble organic compounds in the leaves of deciduous shrubs Rubus idaeus and Sorbus aucuparia growing in identical weather conditions in mixed and pine forests of the southern taiga of Western Siberia are shown. The composition of n-alkanes, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, n-aldehydes, n-alkane-2-ones, n-alkanols, acyclic isoprenoids, steroids and pentacyclic triterpenoids was studied by chromatomass spectrometry. It was found that the microclimate of pine forest and mixed forest influences the composition of organic compounds in the leaves of single-species plants. In a mixed forest, among acyclic compounds, the total proportion of n-alkanes and the relative content of high-molecular homologues of n-alkanes, n-aldehydes and n-alkane-2-ones in rowan and raspberry leaves were increased. The composition of steroids is dominated by sitosterol, while in the bushes of mixed forest, unlike pine forest, there is a higher proportion of keto-substituted stigmast-4-en-3-one and the hydrocarbon stigmast-3,5-diene. Pine raspberries are distinguished by the presence of cholesterol, lanosterol and lanost-8-en-3-one, an increased content of cycloartenol. The leaves of ash among the pentacyclic triterpenoids identified a- and β-amerins, and the leaves of the raspberry a-, β- and d-amerins, among which in the pine forest increased the proportion a- amerin, and in the mixed forest – d-amerin. Raspberry leaves are dominated by neolup-12-en-3-ol, whereas in the leaves of mountain ash of mixed forest – lupeol, and pine forest – presumably 28-norneogop-18-en-3-ol. It is shown that the distribution of fat-soluble compounds depends not only on the type of plant, but also on the conditions of its growth, which must be taken into account when planning the practical use of plant raw materials.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141109786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240212958
Anastasia Vasilievna Polonova, Svetlana Vasilievna Zhigzhitzhapova, Bagai-ool Saryg-ool, Maria Alekseevna Gustaytis, Zhargal Tykheev, Daba Gambotsyrenovich Chimitov, Vasily Vladimirovich Taraskin
Haplophyllum dauricum is a rich source of lignans with antitumor activity. It has been actively used in the practice of Traditional medicine. In addition to lignans, the chemical composition of the species is represented by coumarins, flavonoids, alkaloids and essential oils. However, the composition of the elements of the species, which are necessary for the development of quality criteria of medicinal plants, has not been studied before. In this regard, the purpose of the work was to study the content of macro- and microelements in the aboveground and underground parts of Haplophyllum dauricum of the flora of Buryatia and Transbaikal territory. The content of the following elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry: Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Te, Ba and Pb. The content of Hg was determined by the "cold steam" method using an atomic absorption analyzer. According to the obtained data, Haplophyllum dauricum is a rich source of calcium, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus, which were dominant. Among the microelements, iron and titanium were in highest concentration, which were accumulated mainly in the underground part of the plant. The content of heavy metals did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration established by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.
{"title":"MACRO- AND MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF THE HERB AND ROOTS OF HAPLOPHYLLUM DAURICUM (L.) G. DON.","authors":"Anastasia Vasilievna Polonova, Svetlana Vasilievna Zhigzhitzhapova, Bagai-ool Saryg-ool, Maria Alekseevna Gustaytis, Zhargal Tykheev, Daba Gambotsyrenovich Chimitov, Vasily Vladimirovich Taraskin","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240212958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240212958","url":null,"abstract":"Haplophyllum dauricum is a rich source of lignans with antitumor activity. It has been actively used in the practice of Traditional medicine. In addition to lignans, the chemical composition of the species is represented by coumarins, flavonoids, alkaloids and essential oils. However, the composition of the elements of the species, which are necessary for the development of quality criteria of medicinal plants, has not been studied before. In this regard, the purpose of the work was to study the content of macro- and microelements in the aboveground and underground parts of Haplophyllum dauricum of the flora of Buryatia and Transbaikal territory. \u0000The content of the following elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry: Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Te, Ba and Pb. The content of Hg was determined by the \"cold steam\" method using an atomic absorption analyzer. According to the obtained data, Haplophyllum dauricum is a rich source of calcium, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus, which were dominant. Among the microelements, iron and titanium were in highest concentration, which were accumulated mainly in the underground part of the plant. The content of heavy metals did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration established by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141114053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240212904
V. A. Kurkin, A. Kurkina, Anna Aleksandrovana Kosenko
White poplar (Populus alba L., family Saliaceae ) has a similar chemical composition with other species of the genus Populus L. and it can consider as a promising source of raw materials containing phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids. The pharmacological activity of the buds of pharmacopeial species of genus Populus L., and also of the white poplar is caused by biologically active compounds, mainly of a phenolic nature, including flavonoids (pinostrobin, piriocembrin, quercetin, etc.), phenylpropanoids (caffeic acid, etc.) and simple phenols (salicin).. One of the most well-known biologically active compounds of white poplar is quercetin, for which an antihistamine, anti-inflammatory action has been demonstrated. Differential spectrophotometry carried out in accordance with the OFS was used as a research method.1.2.1.1.0003.15 "Spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet and visible regions". Spectral characteristics of water-alcohol extracts were evaluated on a Specord 40 spectrophotometer (Analytik Jena AG, Germany) in cuvettes with a layer thickness of 10 mm. It was determined that in all electronic spectra of the water-ethanolic extractions from the buds of the white poplar there are two absorption maxima in the area of 290 nm and 370 nm, due to flavanones and flavonols, respectively. It was established that in the electronic spectra of the water-ethanolic extractions from the buds of the white poplar, a significant bathochromic shift of the long-wavelength band in the presence of aluminum chloride is observed, which confirms the presence of flavonoids. Under the conditions of differential spectrophotometry UV spectrum of the water-ethanolic extractions from the buds of the white poplar, an absorption maximum is observed at wavelength of 430 nm, which indicates the expediency of using quercetin in the analysis technique, which has an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 430±2 nm. As a result of the study, the method has been developed for the quantitative determination of the amount of flavonoids in the buds of white poplar using differential spectrophotometry calculated on quercetin at an analytical wavelength of 430 nm. The optimal parameters of extraction of raw materials were determined: extractant – 90% ethyl alcohol, the ratio of "raw material-extractant" – 1:30, extraction time – 60 minutes. The content of the total flavonoids calculated on quercetin in the buds of the white poplar is varied from 0,45±0,02 % to 0.69 ± 0.03%
{"title":"The development of methods for determination the total flavonoids in buds of Populus alba L.","authors":"V. A. Kurkin, A. Kurkina, Anna Aleksandrovana Kosenko","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240212904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240212904","url":null,"abstract":"White poplar (Populus alba L., family Saliaceae ) has a similar chemical composition with other species of the genus Populus L. and it can consider as a promising source of raw materials containing phenolic compounds, in particular flavonoids. The pharmacological activity of the buds of pharmacopeial species of genus Populus L., and also of the white poplar is caused by biologically active compounds, mainly of a phenolic nature, including flavonoids (pinostrobin, piriocembrin, quercetin, etc.), phenylpropanoids (caffeic acid, etc.) and simple phenols (salicin).. One of the most well-known biologically active compounds of white poplar is quercetin, for which an antihistamine, anti-inflammatory action has been demonstrated. Differential spectrophotometry carried out in accordance with the OFS was used as a research method.1.2.1.1.0003.15 \"Spectrophotometry in the ultraviolet and visible regions\". Spectral characteristics of water-alcohol extracts were evaluated on a Specord 40 spectrophotometer (Analytik Jena AG, Germany) in cuvettes with a layer thickness of 10 mm. \u0000It was determined that in all electronic spectra of the water-ethanolic extractions from the buds of the white poplar there are two absorption maxima in the area of 290 nm and 370 nm, due to flavanones and flavonols, respectively. It was established that in the electronic spectra of the water-ethanolic extractions from the buds of the white poplar, a significant bathochromic shift of the long-wavelength band in the presence of aluminum chloride is observed, which confirms the presence of flavonoids. Under the conditions of differential spectrophotometry UV spectrum of the water-ethanolic extractions from the buds of the white poplar, an absorption maximum is observed at wavelength of 430 nm, which indicates the expediency of using quercetin in the analysis technique, which has an absorption maximum at a wavelength of 430±2 nm. As a result of the study, the method has been developed for the quantitative determination of the amount of flavonoids in the buds of white poplar using differential spectrophotometry calculated on quercetin at an analytical wavelength of 430 nm. The optimal parameters of extraction of raw materials were determined: extractant – 90% ethyl alcohol, the ratio of \"raw material-extractant\" – 1:30, extraction time – 60 minutes. The content of the total flavonoids calculated on quercetin in the buds of the white poplar is varied from 0,45±0,02 % to 0.69 ± 0.03%","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-18DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240213369
Dmitry Semenovich Kruglov, V. V. Velichko
The genus Pulmonaria plants are ephemeroids having characteristic distile reproduction system and so should be distinguished – generative shoot with flowers and vegetative rosette leaves as organs these plants. Phytomedicines made from them have different pharmacological action. The aim this work was study of biologically active compounds and trace elements in both kinds of aboveground organs of the Pulmonaria obscura Dumort and Pulmonaria mollis Wulf. Ex.Horn. The content of trace elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. It was determined the content of biogenic for plants trace elements, as well as elements necessary for the process of hematopoiesis in the human body – B, K, P, V, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Si, Zn Cr , Ni, Se. The study of the composition of phenolic compounds was carried out on a high performance liquid chromatograph. Polysaccharides, protein and tannins were determined gravimetrically. The presence of alkaloids was checked by reaction with group-wide precipitating reagents. Besides, content of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically. It was established: – generative shoots and rosette leaves form separate clusters according to microelements of the hematopoietic complex that correlating with their pharmocological activity; – polysaccharide-protein complex containing up to 20% protein was found and this is impotant for phamacologocal action; – marker compounds for generative shoots are caffeic acid, hyperoside and delphinidin, while rosette leaves are characterized by the presence of vicenin and luteolin-7-O-glycoside; – alkaloids wasn`t find and this fact makes studied plants promising for use in scientific medicine.
{"title":"TRACE ELEMENTS AND BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE COMPOUNDS OF PULMONARIA MOLLIS AND PULMONARIA OBSCURA","authors":"Dmitry Semenovich Kruglov, V. V. Velichko","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240213369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240213369","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Pulmonaria plants are ephemeroids having characteristic distile reproduction system and so should be distinguished – generative shoot with flowers and vegetative rosette leaves as organs these plants. Phytomedicines made from them have different pharmacological action. \u0000The aim this work was study of biologically active compounds and trace elements in both kinds of aboveground organs of the Pulmonaria obscura Dumort and Pulmonaria mollis Wulf. Ex.Horn. \u0000The content of trace elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy. It was determined the content of biogenic for plants trace elements, as well as elements necessary for the process of hematopoiesis in the human body – B, K, P, V, Ca, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Si, Zn Cr , Ni, Se. \u0000The study of the composition of phenolic compounds was carried out on a high performance liquid chromatograph. Polysaccharides, protein and tannins were determined gravimetrically. The presence of alkaloids was checked by reaction with group-wide precipitating reagents. Besides, content of flavonoids was determined spectrophotometrically. \u0000It was established: \u0000– generative shoots and rosette leaves form separate clusters according to microelements of the hematopoietic complex that correlating with their pharmocological activity; \u0000– polysaccharide-protein complex containing up to 20% protein was found and this is impotant for phamacologocal action; \u0000– marker compounds for generative shoots are caffeic acid, hyperoside and delphinidin, while rosette leaves are characterized by the presence of vicenin and luteolin-7-O-glycoside; \u0000– alkaloids wasn`t find and this fact makes studied plants promising for use in scientific medicine.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240314032
E. S. Surbeeva, S. I. Komova, V. S. Shurakova, Ksenia Stepanovna Nevedyuk, U. A. Efremova, Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Krishtanova, Ella Pavlovna Sanaeva, I. I. Terninko
The study of natural polysaccharides is an important area of research due to their pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity and the ability to regulate metabolic disorders. In addition, these polymeric structures realize several properties (sorption, shaping, transport (and delivery systems), which increases the interest of scientists in their isolation and analysis. This study aims to comparatively investigate the polysaccharide fractions in different botanical forms of celery odouriferous. The objectives of the study include the isolation of polysaccharide fractions, their purification by the Sevag method, estimation of monomeric composition of the fractions after acid hydrolysis by the HPTLC method, and determination of structural characteristics of the molecules by IR spectroscopy. Alcohol-soluble polysaccharides (ASPS), water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS), and pectin substances (PS) were isolated from leaf, petiole, and root botanical forms of celery. After purification, the obtained substances were amorphous powders of light brown or light beige colour and odourless. The root botanical form of celery showed the highest yield of the target compounds (total (13.54±1.07)% after purification), while the petiole form (total (5.51±0.04)% after purification) showed the lowest yield. The monomeric composition of pectins and WSPS showed a predominance of galactose and arabinose, whereas the alcoholic ones showed a predominance of fructose and glucose. The interpretation of IR spectra showed the presence of absorption bands characteristic of free and bound carboxyl groups, C-O-C valence vibrations, α-configuration of the glycosidic bond, and C1-α-conformation of galacturonic acid in different polysaccharide fractions, which allows us to draw some conclusions regarding the structure of the substances. A comparative study of polysaccharide fractions of different botanical forms of odorous celery was carried out for the first time. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to single out WSPS and PS of celery root crops as the most promising phytosubstances for further development of products of functional, specialized nutrition and potential medicines on their basis. The methods of analysis used in the study can be proposed as part of the regulatory documentation for the control of these products.
{"title":"ISOLATION, PURIFICATION AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF POLYSACCHARIDE FRACTIONS FROM APIUM GRAVEOLENS’ L. BOTANICAL FORMS","authors":"E. S. Surbeeva, S. I. Komova, V. S. Shurakova, Ksenia Stepanovna Nevedyuk, U. A. Efremova, Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Krishtanova, Ella Pavlovna Sanaeva, I. I. Terninko","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240314032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240314032","url":null,"abstract":"The study of natural polysaccharides is an important area of research due to their pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity and the ability to regulate metabolic disorders. In addition, these polymeric structures realize several properties (sorption, shaping, transport (and delivery systems), which increases the interest of scientists in their isolation and analysis. This study aims to comparatively investigate the polysaccharide fractions in different botanical forms of celery odouriferous. The objectives of the study include the isolation of polysaccharide fractions, their purification by the Sevag method, estimation of monomeric composition of the fractions after acid hydrolysis by the HPTLC method, and determination of structural characteristics of the molecules by IR spectroscopy. Alcohol-soluble polysaccharides (ASPS), water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS), and pectin substances (PS) were isolated from leaf, petiole, and root botanical forms of celery. After purification, the obtained substances were amorphous powders of light brown or light beige colour and odourless. The root botanical form of celery showed the highest yield of the target compounds (total (13.54±1.07)% after purification), while the petiole form (total (5.51±0.04)% after purification) showed the lowest yield. The monomeric composition of pectins and WSPS showed a predominance of galactose and arabinose, whereas the alcoholic ones showed a predominance of fructose and glucose. The interpretation of IR spectra showed the presence of absorption bands characteristic of free and bound carboxyl groups, C-O-C valence vibrations, α-configuration of the glycosidic bond, and C1-α-conformation of galacturonic acid in different polysaccharide fractions, which allows us to draw some conclusions regarding the structure of the substances. A comparative study of polysaccharide fractions of different botanical forms of odorous celery was carried out for the first time. Based on the results obtained, it is possible to single out WSPS and PS of celery root crops as the most promising phytosubstances for further development of products of functional, specialized nutrition and potential medicines on their basis. The methods of analysis used in the study can be proposed as part of the regulatory documentation for the control of these products.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240213008
M. Ioelovich
In this paper, a set of methods was used to study the structural characteristics and properties of cellulose nanocrystallites and free cellulose nanocrystalline particles (CNCs). It was shown that cellulose nanocrystallites have three main distinctive features. The first distinctive feature of cellulose nanocrystallites is their rod-like shape with a quite high aspect ratio and a low percolation threshold. The second distinctive feature of nanocrystallites is their highly developed specific surface area that leads to the spontaneous crystallization and aggregation of rod-like crystallites by their lateral planes. This aggregation process is thermodynamically favorable because it leads to a decrease in the specific surface area of nanocrystallites and a reduction of the thermodynamic potential. The third distinctive feature of cellulose nanocrystallites is the paracrystalline structure of their surface layers, which significantly affects structural characteristics such as lattice distortion, interplanar spacings, parameters, and volume of the crystalline unit cell, etc. Along with structure, the paracrystalline fraction affects also important physical and physical-chemical properties of cellulose, such as accessibility to deuteration, the content of CII-allomorph after cellulose alkalization, melting point of nanocrystallites, etc. Correlation equations were derived that provide to predict the structural characteristics and properties of nanocrystallites using the content of the paracrystalline fraction.
{"title":"DISTINCTIVE FEATURES OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALLITES","authors":"M. Ioelovich","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240213008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240213008","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a set of methods was used to study the structural characteristics and properties of cellulose nanocrystallites and free cellulose nanocrystalline particles (CNCs). It was shown that cellulose nanocrystallites have three main distinctive features. The first distinctive feature of cellulose nanocrystallites is their rod-like shape with a quite high aspect ratio and a low percolation threshold. The second distinctive feature of nanocrystallites is their highly developed specific surface area that leads to the spontaneous crystallization and aggregation of rod-like crystallites by their lateral planes. This aggregation process is thermodynamically favorable because it leads to a decrease in the specific surface area of nanocrystallites and a reduction of the thermodynamic potential. The third distinctive feature of cellulose nanocrystallites is the paracrystalline structure of their surface layers, which significantly affects structural characteristics such as lattice distortion, interplanar spacings, parameters, and volume of the crystalline unit cell, etc. Along with structure, the paracrystalline fraction affects also important physical and physical-chemical properties of cellulose, such as accessibility to deuteration, the content of CII-allomorph after cellulose alkalization, melting point of nanocrystallites, etc. Correlation equations were derived that provide to predict the structural characteristics and properties of nanocrystallites using the content of the paracrystalline fraction.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141015766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240213401
Alexandra Aleksandrovna Karelina, Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich, Viktor Anatolievich Kozhukhov
The article discusses various non-wood plants as sources of fibrous raw materials for the pulp and paper industry. The authors cite the main categories of non-wood fibrous raw materials: agricultural waste, naturally growing plants and industrial crops. Information is provided on the position of fibers in the plant: fibers of the inner part of the stem, bast (outer part of the stem) fibers, leaf fibers and fruit fibers, as well as methods for their isolation. Of the variety of non-wood plants, the authors highlight industrial hemp as the most promising raw material, having strong fibers and a high cellulose content. The use of non-timber raw materials has been found to help reduce pressure on forest resources and improve the environmental sustainability of pulp and paper production. Technological aspects of the production of paper products from non-wood raw materials are also considered. The advantages and disadvantages of using alternative raw materials, as well as its prospects, are given. The need for further research and development of new methods and technologies to optimize the efficiency of using non-wood raw materials in the pulp and paper industry is pointed out. In conclusion, a conclusion is drawn about the importance of using non-wood raw materials to reduce the negative impact of paper production on the environment and ensure the sustainable development of this industry.
{"title":"NON-WOODEN RAW AS A SOURCE OF CELLULOSE FIBERS. USE PROSPECTS, PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS (REVIEW)","authors":"Alexandra Aleksandrovna Karelina, Yuriy Davydovich Alashkevich, Viktor Anatolievich Kozhukhov","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240213401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240213401","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses various non-wood plants as sources of fibrous raw materials for the pulp and paper industry. The authors cite the main categories of non-wood fibrous raw materials: agricultural waste, naturally growing plants and industrial crops. Information is provided on the position of fibers in the plant: fibers of the inner part of the stem, bast (outer part of the stem) fibers, leaf fibers and fruit fibers, as well as methods for their isolation. Of the variety of non-wood plants, the authors highlight industrial hemp as the most promising raw material, having strong fibers and a high cellulose content. The use of non-timber raw materials has been found to help reduce pressure on forest resources and improve the environmental sustainability of pulp and paper production. Technological aspects of the production of paper products from non-wood raw materials are also considered. The advantages and disadvantages of using alternative raw materials, as well as its prospects, are given. The need for further research and development of new methods and technologies to optimize the efficiency of using non-wood raw materials in the pulp and paper industry is pointed out. In conclusion, a conclusion is drawn about the importance of using non-wood raw materials to reduce the negative impact of paper production on the environment and ensure the sustainable development of this industry.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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