Pub Date : 2024-02-13DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240113182
Olga Grigorievna Smirnova, Vladimir Georgievich Goldstein, L. P. Nosovskaya, L. V. Adikaeva, Lyubov Aleksandrovna Wasserman, Alexander Vladimirovich Simonov, Tatyana Alekseevna Pshenichnikova
Starch is one of the main components of wheat endosperm and is used in the production of food and non-food products. The composition and content of starch largely determines quality of flour in breadmaking. The genotype and environmental conditions affect the quantity and qualitative composition of starch and the ratio of different types of starch granules in wheat endosperm. In this work, the qualitative and quantitative content of gluten, starch and starch fractions in the grain of wheat samples with hard and soft endosperm was studied to assess variability of traits. Wholemeal flour was separated into gluten, starch and dietary fiber by the "plant on the table" method. The isolated starch was separated into fractions A and B. Starch granules were examined using laser-scanning microscopy to determine their size. The analysis showed that the hard-grain variety Novosibirskaya 67 and the soft-grain variety Golubka could be the donors of high content of starch A. The hybrid lines SSL-2, SSL-2 and Rodina-M1 can be the donors of high content of starch B. For the studied samples, the proportion of small starch granules (<10 µm) was associated with grain endosperm structure.
淀粉是小麦胚乳的主要成分之一，用于生产食品和非食品产品。淀粉的成分和含量在很大程度上决定了面包制作中面粉的质量。基因型和环境条件会影响小麦胚乳中淀粉的数量和质量组成以及不同类型淀粉颗粒的比例。在这项工作中，研究了硬胚乳和软胚乳小麦样品颗粒中面筋、淀粉和淀粉组分的定性和定量含量，以评估性状的变异性。采用 "桌上植物 "法将全麦面粉分离成面筋、淀粉和膳食纤维。用激光扫描显微镜检查淀粉颗粒以确定其大小。分析表明，硬粒品种 "新西伯利亚 67 "和软粒品种 "戈卢布卡 "是淀粉 A 含量较高的供体；杂交品系 SSL-2、SSL-2 和 Rodina-M1 是淀粉 B 含量较高的供体。
{"title":"The content and qualitative composition of starch in bread wheat samples","authors":"Olga Grigorievna Smirnova, Vladimir Georgievich Goldstein, L. P. Nosovskaya, L. V. Adikaeva, Lyubov Aleksandrovna Wasserman, Alexander Vladimirovich Simonov, Tatyana Alekseevna Pshenichnikova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240113182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240113182","url":null,"abstract":"Starch is one of the main components of wheat endosperm and is used in the production of food and non-food products. The composition and content of starch largely determines quality of flour in breadmaking. The genotype and environmental conditions affect the quantity and qualitative composition of starch and the ratio of different types of starch granules in wheat endosperm. In this work, the qualitative and quantitative content of gluten, starch and starch fractions in the grain of wheat samples with hard and soft endosperm was studied to assess variability of traits. Wholemeal flour was separated into gluten, starch and dietary fiber by the \"plant on the table\" method. The isolated starch was separated into fractions A and B. Starch granules were examined using laser-scanning microscopy to determine their size. The analysis showed that the hard-grain variety Novosibirskaya 67 and the soft-grain variety Golubka could be the donors of high content of starch A. The hybrid lines SSL-2, SSL-2 and Rodina-M1 can be the donors of high content of starch B. For the studied samples, the proportion of small starch granules (<10 µm) was associated with grain endosperm structure.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139840979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240112933
Alexander Vladimirovich Mitishev, A. S. Fednina, Evgeniy Evgenievich Kurdyukov, Marina Igorevna Ulanova
This review analyzes and summarizes the information of research by domestic and foreign scientists on the chemical composition, pharmacological activity of metabolites of plants of the genus Fagopyrum. The genus Fagopyrum, a member of the Polygonaceae family, includes 15 species, most of them are cultivated on an industrial scale on the territory of the Russian Federation, China, India, Indonesia and North American countries. The greatest interest in medicine and pharmacy is represented by four types of buckwheat: seed buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and Tatar buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), perennial buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys) and red-stem buckwheat (Fagopyrum rubricaulis). These types are widely used in traditional medicine of China, Tibet, the Russian Federation, for the treatment of lung diseases, skin, edematous syndromes and infectious diseases. Currently, more than 150 compounds related to flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, tannins, phagopyritols, triterpenoids, steroids, fatty acids, essential oils, alkaloids, anthraquinones, coumarins, vitamins, amino acids, macro- and microelements have been isolated and identified from the studied buckwheat species. Extracts and isolated individual compounds have a wide range of pharmacological effects: antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antiallergic, antibacterial, angioprotective and adaptogenic. The information given in the review indicates that plants of the genus Fagopyrum are promising for further study and use in various industries.
{"title":"Some species of the genus Fagopyrum: chemical composition, pharmacological effects, prospects of use","authors":"Alexander Vladimirovich Mitishev, A. S. Fednina, Evgeniy Evgenievich Kurdyukov, Marina Igorevna Ulanova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240112933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240112933","url":null,"abstract":"This review analyzes and summarizes the information of research by domestic and foreign scientists on the chemical composition, pharmacological activity of metabolites of plants of the genus Fagopyrum. The genus Fagopyrum, a member of the Polygonaceae family, includes 15 species, most of them are cultivated on an industrial scale on the territory of the Russian Federation, China, India, Indonesia and North American countries. The greatest interest in medicine and pharmacy is represented by four types of buckwheat: seed buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and Tatar buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), perennial buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys) and red-stem buckwheat (Fagopyrum rubricaulis). These types are widely used in traditional medicine of China, Tibet, the Russian Federation, for the treatment of lung diseases, skin, edematous syndromes and infectious diseases. Currently, more than 150 compounds related to flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, tannins, phagopyritols, triterpenoids, steroids, fatty acids, essential oils, alkaloids, anthraquinones, coumarins, vitamins, amino acids, macro- and microelements have been isolated and identified from the studied buckwheat species. Extracts and isolated individual compounds have a wide range of pharmacological effects: antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antiallergic, antibacterial, angioprotective and adaptogenic. The information given in the review indicates that plants of the genus Fagopyrum are promising for further study and use in various industries.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"34 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240112933
Alexander Vladimirovich Mitishev, A. S. Fednina, Evgeniy Evgenievich Kurdyukov, Marina Igorevna Ulanova
This review analyzes and summarizes the information of research by domestic and foreign scientists on the chemical composition, pharmacological activity of metabolites of plants of the genus Fagopyrum. The genus Fagopyrum, a member of the Polygonaceae family, includes 15 species, most of them are cultivated on an industrial scale on the territory of the Russian Federation, China, India, Indonesia and North American countries. The greatest interest in medicine and pharmacy is represented by four types of buckwheat: seed buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and Tatar buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), perennial buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys) and red-stem buckwheat (Fagopyrum rubricaulis). These types are widely used in traditional medicine of China, Tibet, the Russian Federation, for the treatment of lung diseases, skin, edematous syndromes and infectious diseases. Currently, more than 150 compounds related to flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, tannins, phagopyritols, triterpenoids, steroids, fatty acids, essential oils, alkaloids, anthraquinones, coumarins, vitamins, amino acids, macro- and microelements have been isolated and identified from the studied buckwheat species. Extracts and isolated individual compounds have a wide range of pharmacological effects: antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antiallergic, antibacterial, angioprotective and adaptogenic. The information given in the review indicates that plants of the genus Fagopyrum are promising for further study and use in various industries.
{"title":"Some species of the genus Fagopyrum: chemical composition, pharmacological effects, prospects of use","authors":"Alexander Vladimirovich Mitishev, A. S. Fednina, Evgeniy Evgenievich Kurdyukov, Marina Igorevna Ulanova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240112933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240112933","url":null,"abstract":"This review analyzes and summarizes the information of research by domestic and foreign scientists on the chemical composition, pharmacological activity of metabolites of plants of the genus Fagopyrum. The genus Fagopyrum, a member of the Polygonaceae family, includes 15 species, most of them are cultivated on an industrial scale on the territory of the Russian Federation, China, India, Indonesia and North American countries. The greatest interest in medicine and pharmacy is represented by four types of buckwheat: seed buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and Tatar buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum), perennial buckwheat (Fagopyrum dibotrys) and red-stem buckwheat (Fagopyrum rubricaulis). These types are widely used in traditional medicine of China, Tibet, the Russian Federation, for the treatment of lung diseases, skin, edematous syndromes and infectious diseases. Currently, more than 150 compounds related to flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, tannins, phagopyritols, triterpenoids, steroids, fatty acids, essential oils, alkaloids, anthraquinones, coumarins, vitamins, amino acids, macro- and microelements have been isolated and identified from the studied buckwheat species. Extracts and isolated individual compounds have a wide range of pharmacological effects: antitumor, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antiallergic, antibacterial, angioprotective and adaptogenic. The information given in the review indicates that plants of the genus Fagopyrum are promising for further study and use in various industries.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"274 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240112046
Eduard Ivanovich Yevstigneyev
The review considers changes in ideas about the biosynthesis, structure and functions of lignin in plants, starting from early mentions and up to the present. Alternative points of view on the process of lignin biosynthesis, its spatial and supramolecular structure, and the nature of lignincarbohydrate bonds are presented. A special place in the review is occupied by the results of studies of lignin modification with the aim of reducing the content and changing the composition of monomer units by genetic engineering methods. Comparison of the structure of lignins isolated from transgenic and mutant trees, as well as herbaceous plants, showed that lignin biosynthesis is plastic and, in addition to canonical monolignols (coniferyl, synapic, and coumaric alcohols), other phenolic compounds can also participate in it. The study of the so-called "stress lignins" showed that lignin plays an important role in protecting plants from adverse environmental influences: mechanical damage, drought, low temperatures, pathogens, etc. The results of studies of the genetic modification of lignin made it possible to outline a program for directed modification of the biosynthesis process in order to obtain designer lignins, i.e. lignins with desired properties. This group also includes the so-called zip-lignins. They are distinguished by the presence of ester bonds between phenylpropane units. It is noted that, when conducting research in the field of genetic engineering, it is necessary to find a compromise between improving the processing of plant materials due to the modification of lignin and the viability of transgenic plants.
{"title":"What is lignin - the evolution of views (review)","authors":"Eduard Ivanovich Yevstigneyev","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240112046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240112046","url":null,"abstract":"The review considers changes in ideas about the biosynthesis, structure and functions of lignin in plants, starting from early mentions and up to the present. Alternative points of view on the process of lignin biosynthesis, its spatial and supramolecular structure, and the nature of lignincarbohydrate bonds are presented. \u0000A special place in the review is occupied by the results of studies of lignin modification with the aim of reducing the content and changing the composition of monomer units by genetic engineering methods. Comparison of the structure of lignins isolated from transgenic and mutant trees, as well as herbaceous plants, showed that lignin biosynthesis is plastic and, in addition to canonical monolignols (coniferyl, synapic, and coumaric alcohols), other phenolic compounds can also participate in it. \u0000The study of the so-called \"stress lignins\" showed that lignin plays an important role in protecting plants from adverse environmental influences: mechanical damage, drought, low temperatures, pathogens, etc. \u0000The results of studies of the genetic modification of lignin made it possible to outline a program for directed modification of the biosynthesis process in order to obtain designer lignins, i.e. lignins with desired properties. This group also includes the so-called zip-lignins. They are distinguished by the presence of ester bonds between phenylpropane units. \u0000It is noted that, when conducting research in the field of genetic engineering, it is necessary to find a compromise between improving the processing of plant materials due to the modification of lignin and the viability of transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"280 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139799374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-06DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20240112046
Eduard Ivanovich Yevstigneyev
The review considers changes in ideas about the biosynthesis, structure and functions of lignin in plants, starting from early mentions and up to the present. Alternative points of view on the process of lignin biosynthesis, its spatial and supramolecular structure, and the nature of lignincarbohydrate bonds are presented. A special place in the review is occupied by the results of studies of lignin modification with the aim of reducing the content and changing the composition of monomer units by genetic engineering methods. Comparison of the structure of lignins isolated from transgenic and mutant trees, as well as herbaceous plants, showed that lignin biosynthesis is plastic and, in addition to canonical monolignols (coniferyl, synapic, and coumaric alcohols), other phenolic compounds can also participate in it. The study of the so-called "stress lignins" showed that lignin plays an important role in protecting plants from adverse environmental influences: mechanical damage, drought, low temperatures, pathogens, etc. The results of studies of the genetic modification of lignin made it possible to outline a program for directed modification of the biosynthesis process in order to obtain designer lignins, i.e. lignins with desired properties. This group also includes the so-called zip-lignins. They are distinguished by the presence of ester bonds between phenylpropane units. It is noted that, when conducting research in the field of genetic engineering, it is necessary to find a compromise between improving the processing of plant materials due to the modification of lignin and the viability of transgenic plants.
{"title":"What is lignin - the evolution of views (review)","authors":"Eduard Ivanovich Yevstigneyev","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20240112046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20240112046","url":null,"abstract":"The review considers changes in ideas about the biosynthesis, structure and functions of lignin in plants, starting from early mentions and up to the present. Alternative points of view on the process of lignin biosynthesis, its spatial and supramolecular structure, and the nature of lignincarbohydrate bonds are presented. \u0000A special place in the review is occupied by the results of studies of lignin modification with the aim of reducing the content and changing the composition of monomer units by genetic engineering methods. Comparison of the structure of lignins isolated from transgenic and mutant trees, as well as herbaceous plants, showed that lignin biosynthesis is plastic and, in addition to canonical monolignols (coniferyl, synapic, and coumaric alcohols), other phenolic compounds can also participate in it. \u0000The study of the so-called \"stress lignins\" showed that lignin plays an important role in protecting plants from adverse environmental influences: mechanical damage, drought, low temperatures, pathogens, etc. \u0000The results of studies of the genetic modification of lignin made it possible to outline a program for directed modification of the biosynthesis process in order to obtain designer lignins, i.e. lignins with desired properties. This group also includes the so-called zip-lignins. They are distinguished by the presence of ester bonds between phenylpropane units. \u0000It is noted that, when conducting research in the field of genetic engineering, it is necessary to find a compromise between improving the processing of plant materials due to the modification of lignin and the viability of transgenic plants.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"13 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139859321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311513
Natal'ya Yur'yevna Demidenko, Mihail A. Bayandin, A. V. Namyatov, Vladimir Nikolayevich Yermolin
The work studied the effect of mechanical activation, hydrodynamically, on the physico-chemical properties of soft waste from mechanical processing of wood (sawdust). As a result of research, it has been established that during cavitation treatment, the chemical structure of sawdust is transformed, which ensures the production of hydrodynamically activated wood particles with a high content of reactive surface functional groups, which is caused by a change in the ligno-carbohydrate complex. It has been established that as a result of hydrodynamic activation, the amount of difficult-to-hydrolyze polysaccharides is reduced by 37%, while the proportions of easily hydrolyzable substances and substances of phenolic nature increase, respectively, by 12 and 25%. The transformation of the ligno-carbohydrate complex of wood particles during cavitation largely determines the change in the characteristics of their porous structure. An increase in the number of micropores by 1.5 times and large transport pores by 3 times during the cavitation process was established. The results obtained largely prove that the physical and chemical properties of hydrodynamically activated wood particles largely determine the possibility of obtaining non-toxic wood materials with high physical and mechanical properties without piezo-thermal effects.
{"title":"RESEARCH OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOD PULSE ACTIVATED BY HYDRODYNAMIC METHOD","authors":"Natal'ya Yur'yevna Demidenko, Mihail A. Bayandin, A. V. Namyatov, Vladimir Nikolayevich Yermolin","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311513","url":null,"abstract":"The work studied the effect of mechanical activation, hydrodynamically, on the physico-chemical properties of soft waste from mechanical processing of wood (sawdust). As a result of research, it has been established that during cavitation treatment, the chemical structure of sawdust is transformed, which ensures the production of hydrodynamically activated wood particles with a high content of reactive surface functional groups, which is caused by a change in the ligno-carbohydrate complex. It has been established that as a result of hydrodynamic activation, the amount of difficult-to-hydrolyze polysaccharides is reduced by 37%, while the proportions of easily hydrolyzable substances and substances of phenolic nature increase, respectively, by 12 and 25%. The transformation of the ligno-carbohydrate complex of wood particles during cavitation largely determines the change in the characteristics of their porous structure. An increase in the number of micropores by 1.5 times and large transport pores by 3 times during the cavitation process was established. The results obtained largely prove that the physical and chemical properties of hydrodynamically activated wood particles largely determine the possibility of obtaining non-toxic wood materials with high physical and mechanical properties without piezo-thermal effects.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230312090
Evgenia Vladimirovna Kompantseva, A. Saushkina
Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCC) are one of the types of biologically active compounds (BAC) synthesized by plants. Along with carbohydrates and proteins, HCCs are the most common compounds in the plant world and are found in almost all higher plants in free form, as part of esters and glycosides. Although the pharmacological activity of most HCCs has not been studied enough yet, however, its spectrum is quite wide. Many wild plants, which are currently used mainly in ethnoscience and traditional medicine, are cheap, affordable raw materials that are promising for introduction into the medical and pharmaceutical practice of our country as potential medicines. Therefore, the search for new plant species that are interesting for detailed study and the creation of modern medicines containing HCC on their basis is an scientific research area of current interest. The review is devoted to the study and systematization of paper and thin-layer chromatography methods used to determine the composition of HCC in plant raw materials growing on the territory of the Russian Federation as a potential raw material base of polyphenolic compounds. The review uses 80 sources of domestic scientific literature for the period from 2007 to 2022 inclusive, which show the results of the use of thin-layer (TLC) and paper (PC) chromatography for the study, identification and standardization of plant raw materials by the content of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCC). The research method used was a retrospective information and analytical analysis of the of Russian scientific literature sources.
{"title":"PAPER AND THIN-LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROXYCINNAMIC ACIDS IN PLANT RAW MATERIALS (REVIEW). MESSAGE 1","authors":"Evgenia Vladimirovna Kompantseva, A. Saushkina","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230312090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230312090","url":null,"abstract":"Hydroxycinnamic acids (HCC) are one of the types of biologically active compounds (BAC) synthesized by plants. Along with carbohydrates and proteins, HCCs are the most common compounds in the plant world and are found in almost all higher plants in free form, as part of esters and glycosides. Although the pharmacological activity of most HCCs has not been studied enough yet, however, its spectrum is quite wide. Many wild plants, which are currently used mainly in ethnoscience and traditional medicine, are cheap, affordable raw materials that are promising for introduction into the medical and pharmaceutical practice of our country as potential medicines. Therefore, the search for new plant species that are interesting for detailed study and the creation of modern medicines containing HCC on their basis is an scientific research area of current interest. The review is devoted to the study and systematization of paper and thin-layer chromatography methods used to determine the composition of HCC in plant raw materials growing on the territory of the Russian Federation as a potential raw material base of polyphenolic compounds. The review uses 80 sources of domestic scientific literature for the period from 2007 to 2022 inclusive, which show the results of the use of thin-layer (TLC) and paper (PC) chromatography for the study, identification and standardization of plant raw materials by the content of hydroxycinnamic acids (HCC). The research method used was a retrospective information and analytical analysis of the of Russian scientific literature sources.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311689
Y. Oshchepkova, S. I. Salikhov
The purpose of this research is to isolate and study the physicochemical characteristics of polysaccharides in the seeds of the Margilan radish of the Brassicaceae family cultivated in the Republic of Uzbekistan. For the first time, a water-soluble fraction of polysaccharides was isolated from radish seeds by sowing Margilan successive extraction after the extraction of proteins and polyphenols. Anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration were used to obtain homogeneous polysaccharides. The polysaccharide fraction was separated by ion-exchange chromatography, purified on a Sephadex G-100 column. As a result, two polysaccharides RSP1 and RSP2 were obtained. The monosaccharide composition of the isolated polysaccharides was established. Analysis of monosaccharide residues showed that the composition of the RSP1 polysaccharide is represented by monosaccharides in the following composition: rhamnose - 0.7%, ribose - 4.7%, arabinose - 55.6%, xylose - 1.5%, mannose - 3.7%, glucose - 5.1% and galactose - 28.7%. The composition of the RSP2 polysaccharide is represented by monosaccharides: ribose - 2.8%, arabinose - 9.4%, mannose - 0.9%, glucose - 64.9% and galactose - 18.4%. From the obtained results, it can be seen that the RSP1 polysaccharide consists mainly of arabinose (55.6%) and galactose (28.7%) residues and belongs to the type of arabinogalactans, and the RSP2 polysaccharide mainly consists of glucose residues (64.9%) and galactose (18.4%).
{"title":"ISOLATION AND STUDY OF POLYSACCHARIDES OF MARGILAN RADISH RAPHANUS SATIVUS","authors":"Y. Oshchepkova, S. I. Salikhov","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311689","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research is to isolate and study the physicochemical characteristics of polysaccharides in the seeds of the Margilan radish of the Brassicaceae family cultivated in the Republic of Uzbekistan. For the first time, a water-soluble fraction of polysaccharides was isolated from radish seeds by sowing Margilan successive extraction after the extraction of proteins and polyphenols. Anion exchange chromatography and gel filtration were used to obtain homogeneous polysaccharides. The polysaccharide fraction was separated by ion-exchange chromatography, purified on a Sephadex G-100 column. As a result, two polysaccharides RSP1 and RSP2 were obtained. The monosaccharide composition of the isolated polysaccharides was established. Analysis of monosaccharide residues showed that the composition of the RSP1 polysaccharide is represented by monosaccharides in the following composition: rhamnose - 0.7%, ribose - 4.7%, arabinose - 55.6%, xylose - 1.5%, mannose - 3.7%, glucose - 5.1% and galactose - 28.7%. The composition of the RSP2 polysaccharide is represented by monosaccharides: ribose - 2.8%, arabinose - 9.4%, mannose - 0.9%, glucose - 64.9% and galactose - 18.4%. From the obtained results, it can be seen that the RSP1 polysaccharide consists mainly of arabinose (55.6%) and galactose (28.7%) residues and belongs to the type of arabinogalactans, and the RSP2 polysaccharide mainly consists of glucose residues (64.9%) and galactose (18.4%).","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311993
V. Mursaliyeva, T. Mukhanov, N. Gemejiyeva, B. Yeskaliyeva
Allochrusa gypsophiloides (Regel) Schischk. Turkestan soaproot (TSR), a Central Asian endemic has commercial value as a producer of triterpene saponins. Spectrophotometric determination of saponins was carried out in the roots and the aerial part of wild plants during vegetation in the south of Kazakhstan. The level of saponins, phenols, and flavonoids in the seeds, aerial parts, and roots was assessed. The following ascending order in the saponins content: seeds-aerial part-root, was revealed. An increase in the saponins levels in the roots during the growing season with a maximum of 9.6% in fruiting was established. A high saponins amount (6%) was detected in the aerial part during the flowering which decreased twice at the fruiting. The antioxidant activity and foaming index of the total ethanol extracts from the initial and deposited plant materials were determined. The maximum antioxidant activity (35.5%) and antiradical properties (IC50 1480) in vitro were found in extracts from the aerial part with the highest content of flavonoids and phenols. It was revealed that long-term storage of roots contributes to an increase in saponins levels and in their surfactant properties. The data obtained indicate the possibility of alternative use of the aerial parts of Allochrysa gypsophiloides at the flowering for obtaining triterpene saponins and phenolic substances with antioxidant activity.
{"title":"CHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF TURKESTAN SOAPROOT ALLOCHRUSA GYP-SOPHILOIDES (REGEL) SCHISCHK GROWING IN THE SOUTH OF KAZAKHSTAN","authors":"V. Mursaliyeva, T. Mukhanov, N. Gemejiyeva, B. Yeskaliyeva","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311993","url":null,"abstract":"Allochrusa gypsophiloides (Regel) Schischk. Turkestan soaproot (TSR), a Central Asian endemic has commercial value as a producer of triterpene saponins. Spectrophotometric determination of saponins was carried out in the roots and the aerial part of wild plants during vegetation in the south of Kazakhstan. The level of saponins, phenols, and flavonoids in the seeds, aerial parts, and roots was assessed. The following ascending order in the saponins content: seeds-aerial part-root, was revealed. An increase in the saponins levels in the roots during the growing season with a maximum of 9.6% in fruiting was established. A high saponins amount (6%) was detected in the aerial part during the flowering which decreased twice at the fruiting. The antioxidant activity and foaming index of the total ethanol extracts from the initial and deposited plant materials were determined. The maximum antioxidant activity (35.5%) and antiradical properties (IC50 1480) in vitro were found in extracts from the aerial part with the highest content of flavonoids and phenols. It was revealed that long-term storage of roots contributes to an increase in saponins levels and in their surfactant properties. The data obtained indicate the possibility of alternative use of the aerial parts of Allochrysa gypsophiloides at the flowering for obtaining triterpene saponins and phenolic substances with antioxidant activity.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-02DOI: 10.14258/jcprm.20230311734
Ivan Viktorovich Popov, Viktoriya Nodar'yevna Leonova, Ol'ga Ivanovna Popova
Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina L.) of the Anacardiaceae family is a deciduous tree originating from North America, cultivated in Russia. The aim of the work was to determine the organic acids in the fruits of staghorn sumac. The object of the study was the fruits of staghorn sumac, fresh, dried and overwintered (last year). For qualitative analysis of ascorbic acid and organic acids, extracts were obtained in three ways: in a flask in a water bath with a reverse refrigerator, in infusion mode, in decoction mode. The determination of organic acids was carried out using qualitative reactions, as well as by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. By the method of thin-layer chromatography in extracts from three samples of raw materials were identified oxalic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic and malic acids. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of five organic acids. The content of the sum of organic acids was: in fresh fruits – 6.52%, in dry fruits – 6.26%, in overwintered fruits – 6.35%. The content of ascorbic acid is 0.78%, 0.75% and 0.76%, respectively. The high content of the sum of organic acids and ascorbic acid allows us to consider the fruits of staghorn sumac as a valuable source of biologically active compounds.
{"title":"ORGANIC ACIDS OF THE FRUITS OF STAGHORN SUMAC (RHUS TYPHINA L.)","authors":"Ivan Viktorovich Popov, Viktoriya Nodar'yevna Leonova, Ol'ga Ivanovna Popova","doi":"10.14258/jcprm.20230311734","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.20230311734","url":null,"abstract":"Staghorn sumac (Rhus typhina L.) of the Anacardiaceae family is a deciduous tree originating from North America, cultivated in Russia. The aim of the work was to determine the organic acids in the fruits of staghorn sumac. The object of the study was the fruits of staghorn sumac, fresh, dried and overwintered (last year). For qualitative analysis of ascorbic acid and organic acids, extracts were obtained in three ways: in a flask in a water bath with a reverse refrigerator, in infusion mode, in decoction mode. The determination of organic acids was carried out using qualitative reactions, as well as by thin-layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography. By the method of thin-layer chromatography in extracts from three samples of raw materials were identified oxalic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic and malic acids. The method of high-performance liquid chromatography confirmed the presence of five organic acids. The content of the sum of organic acids was: in fresh fruits – 6.52%, in dry fruits – 6.26%, in overwintered fruits – 6.35%. The content of ascorbic acid is 0.78%, 0.75% and 0.76%, respectively. The high content of the sum of organic acids and ascorbic acid allows us to consider the fruits of staghorn sumac as a valuable source of biologically active compounds.","PeriodicalId":9946,"journal":{"name":"chemistry of plant raw material","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139324543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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