Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1109/MEI.2024.10721387
The 43rd Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC) will take place in South Padre Island, Texas, USA, from June 8 to 12, 2025. Known for its lovely spring and summer seasons, South Padre Island offers pleasant temperatures and stunning landscapes, providing a perfect backdrop for our conference. Additionally, our venue hotel offers direct access to a plethora of attractions, ensuring that your stay will be both productive and enjoyable. We look forward to welcoming you to an engaging and enriching experience at EIC 2025. Please mark your calendars and prepare for a conference filled with valuable insights and networking opportunities.
{"title":"Bulletin Board: Call for Papers IEEE EIC 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2024.10721387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2024.10721387","url":null,"abstract":"The 43rd Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC) will take place in South Padre Island, Texas, USA, from June 8 to 12, 2025. Known for its lovely spring and summer seasons, South Padre Island offers pleasant temperatures and stunning landscapes, providing a perfect backdrop for our conference. Additionally, our venue hotel offers direct access to a plethora of attractions, ensuring that your stay will be both productive and enjoyable. We look forward to welcoming you to an engaging and enriching experience at EIC 2025. Please mark your calendars and prepare for a conference filled with valuable insights and networking opportunities.","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"40 6","pages":"48-48"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10721387","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1109/MEI.2024.10721391
The IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine is always looking for new and exciting articles. The magazine's subscribers cover a wide range of interests and experience. If you have a topic for an article that you think has a broad appeal, please send us an abstract.
{"title":"Bulletin Board: Get Your Work Published in IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2024.10721391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2024.10721391","url":null,"abstract":"The IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine is always looking for new and exciting articles. The magazine's subscribers cover a wide range of interests and experience. If you have a topic for an article that you think has a broad appeal, please send us an abstract.","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"40 6","pages":"47-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10721391","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1109/MEI.2024.10721378
Rohith Sangineni;Ajith John Thomas
I am glad to write this report on the successful completion of my project as proposed in my contribution for the DEIS Graduate Student Fellowship. I extend my sincere thanks to the DIES Education Committee for granting me the DEIS Graduate Student Fellowship. I am also thankful to my PhD supervisor Prof. Sisir Kumar Nayak for his support and mentoring during the implementation of this project. This fellowship strengthened morale and boosted confidence during my PhD. I got an opportunity to collaborate with Prof. Manu A. Haddad from the Advanced High Voltage Engineering Research Centre, Cardiff University, on this project, whose input helped me improve the way I presented this work. It also helped me network with renowned academicians when I presented my work at the International Conference on Dielectrics (ICD) 2024 in Toulouse, France. I strongly believe that this fellowship helped me grow to new heights in my career.
我很高兴能撰写这份报告，汇报我成功完成了我在申请 DEIS 研究生奖学金时提出的项目。我衷心感谢 DIES 教育委员会授予我 DEIS 研究生奖学金。我还要感谢我的博士生导师 Sisir Kumar Nayak 教授在项目实施过程中给予我的支持和指导。这项奖学金鼓舞了我的士气，增强了我攻读博士学位的信心。在这个项目中，我有机会与卡迪夫大学高级高压工程研究中心的 Manu A. Haddad 教授合作。当我在法国图卢兹举行的 2024 年国际电介质会议（ICD）上介绍我的工作时，它还帮助我与知名院士建立了联系。我坚信，这项奖学金帮助我在事业上达到了新的高度。
{"title":"Young Professionals","authors":"Rohith Sangineni;Ajith John Thomas","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2024.10721378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2024.10721378","url":null,"abstract":"I am glad to write this report on the successful completion of my project as proposed in my contribution for the DEIS Graduate Student Fellowship. I extend my sincere thanks to the DIES Education Committee for granting me the DEIS Graduate Student Fellowship. I am also thankful to my PhD supervisor Prof. Sisir Kumar Nayak for his support and mentoring during the implementation of this project. This fellowship strengthened morale and boosted confidence during my PhD. I got an opportunity to collaborate with Prof. Manu A. Haddad from the Advanced High Voltage Engineering Research Centre, Cardiff University, on this project, whose input helped me improve the way I presented this work. It also helped me network with renowned academicians when I presented my work at the International Conference on Dielectrics (ICD) 2024 in Toulouse, France. I strongly believe that this fellowship helped me grow to new heights in my career.","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"40 6","pages":"34-35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10721378","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1109/MEI.2024.10721382
It is hard to believe that the end of the year is nearly upon us. This year has been filled with several great DEIS events and conferences, including EIC, ICD, and CEIDP. Each event has allowed members to meet in person and, in some cases, to see their long-time friends. In other cases, members had an opportunity to meet new colleagues and bright young minds that will hopefully become new friends. These events are always a sharing of knowledge and experience coupled with social networking.
{"title":"From the Editor","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/MEI.2024.10721382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MEI.2024.10721382","url":null,"abstract":"It is hard to believe that the end of the year is nearly upon us. This year has been filled with several great DEIS events and conferences, including EIC, ICD, and CEIDP. Each event has allowed members to meet in person and, in some cases, to see their long-time friends. In other cases, members had an opportunity to meet new colleagues and bright young minds that will hopefully become new friends. These events are always a sharing of knowledge and experience coupled with social networking.","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"40 6","pages":"5-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10721382","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A high-precision wind speed sensor is designed and experimentally verified in this article. Using modulated pump light to heat the cobalt-doped fiber results in a dynamic temperature response in the wind speed sensor. Wind speeds are related to the amplitudes of the dynamic temperature response rather than the static steady-state temperature, which enhances measurement precision. The response sensitivity is higher under lower wind speeds. The temperature of the cobalt-doped fiber rises as it absorbs the pump light energy and then drops when the pump light is turned off. The center wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) exhibits periodic shifts with temperature variations. A part of the sensor’s heat is taken away in a wind field, which causes various temperature response amplitudes under the same pump light energy. The amplitudes of the FBG center wavelength vary with different wind speeds. By using the edge-filtering intensity demodulation method, the wavelength variation amplitudes with temperature are converted into the amplitudes of the photodetector’s output voltage variation. The specific relationship between the amplitudes of voltage variation and wind speeds is used to measure wind speed. Measurements were taken within a wind speed range of 0–3 m/s. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensor has good repeatability and stability. Its sensitivity can reach −9.79 mV/(m $cdot $ s $^{-{1}}$ ) at low wind speeds. The error stays below 0.03 m/s within the range of 0–0.5 m/s.
本文设计并实验验证了一种高精度风速传感器。利用调制泵浦光加热掺钴光纤可在风速传感器中产生动态温度响应。风速与动态温度响应的振幅而非静态稳态温度相关，从而提高了测量精度。在风速较低时，响应灵敏度较高。掺钴光纤在吸收泵浦光能量时温度上升，关闭泵浦光后温度下降。光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）的中心波长会随着温度的变化而出现周期性偏移。传感器的部分热量被风场带走，从而导致在相同泵浦光能量下产生不同的温度响应振幅。FBG 中心波长的振幅随不同的风速而变化。利用边缘滤波强度解调方法，可将波长随温度变化的幅度转换为光电探测器输出电压变化的幅度。电压变化幅度与风速之间的特定关系用于测量风速。测量的风速范围为 0-3 米/秒。实验结果表明，该传感器具有良好的重复性和稳定性。在低风速下，其灵敏度可达 -9.79 mV/(m $cdot $ s $^{-{1}}$ )。在 0-0.5 m/s 的范围内，误差保持在 0.03 m/s 以下。
{"title":"A High-Precision Wind Speed Sensor Using Modulated Pump Light Dynamic Temperature Response","authors":"Dian Fan;Jialing Yu;Zhen Pan;Wenjia Chen;Ting Xu;Ciming Zhou","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3470889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3470889","url":null,"abstract":"A high-precision wind speed sensor is designed and experimentally verified in this article. Using modulated pump light to heat the cobalt-doped fiber results in a dynamic temperature response in the wind speed sensor. Wind speeds are related to the amplitudes of the dynamic temperature response rather than the static steady-state temperature, which enhances measurement precision. The response sensitivity is higher under lower wind speeds. The temperature of the cobalt-doped fiber rises as it absorbs the pump light energy and then drops when the pump light is turned off. The center wavelength of the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) exhibits periodic shifts with temperature variations. A part of the sensor’s heat is taken away in a wind field, which causes various temperature response amplitudes under the same pump light energy. The amplitudes of the FBG center wavelength vary with different wind speeds. By using the edge-filtering intensity demodulation method, the wavelength variation amplitudes with temperature are converted into the amplitudes of the photodetector’s output voltage variation. The specific relationship between the amplitudes of voltage variation and wind speeds is used to measure wind speed. Measurements were taken within a wind speed range of 0–3 m/s. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensor has good repeatability and stability. Its sensitivity can reach −9.79 mV/(m\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$cdot $ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000s\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$^{-{1}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) at low wind speeds. The error stays below 0.03 m/s within the range of 0–0.5 m/s.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":"24 22","pages":"36910-36915"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1109/TNANO.2024.3481392
Gilsang Yoon;Donghyun Go;Jounghun Park;Donghwi Kim;Jongwoo Kim;Ukju An;Jungsik Kim;Jeong-Soo Lee;Byoung Don Kong
Trap profiles in the bandgap-engineered tunneling oxide (BE-TOX) layer of a 3D NAND flash memory were investigated using a transient current trap spectroscopy technique. A new pulse scheme was introduced to generate channel holes and subsequently analyze the hole traps in the BE-TOX layer. In the fresh cell, the hole traps were primarily located at a trap energy level ( ET ) of 1.1 eV, whereas the electron traps exhibited two distinct peaks at ET = 0.75 and 1.25 eV. With increasing program/erase (P/E) cycling operations, the peak ET associated with hole traps shifted toward shallower levels. Conversely, the electron traps remained unchanged, although their intensities increased. The extracted trap generation exhibited the power-law characteristics.
利用瞬态电流陷阱光谱技术研究了三维 NAND 闪存带隙工程隧道氧化物（BE-TOX）层中的陷阱剖面。研究采用了一种新的脉冲方案来产生沟道空穴，然后分析 BE-TOX 层中的空穴陷阱。在新电池中，空穴陷阱主要位于 1.1 eV 的陷阱能级 (ET)，而电子陷阱则在 ET = 0.75 和 1.25 eV 处显示出两个明显的峰值。随着编程/擦除（P/E）循环操作的增加，与空穴阱相关的峰值 ET 向更浅的水平移动。相反，电子陷阱保持不变，但其强度有所增加。提取的陷阱生成呈现出幂律特性。
{"title":"Impact of Electron and Hole Trap Profiles in BE-TOX on Retention Characteristics of 3D NAND Flash Memory","authors":"Gilsang Yoon;Donghyun Go;Jounghun Park;Donghwi Kim;Jongwoo Kim;Ukju An;Jungsik Kim;Jeong-Soo Lee;Byoung Don Kong","doi":"10.1109/TNANO.2024.3481392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2024.3481392","url":null,"abstract":"Trap profiles in the bandgap-engineered tunneling oxide (BE-TOX) layer of a 3D NAND flash memory were investigated using a transient current trap spectroscopy technique. A new pulse scheme was introduced to generate channel holes and subsequently analyze the hole traps in the BE-TOX layer. In the fresh cell, the hole traps were primarily located at a trap energy level (\u0000<italic>E<sub>T</sub></i>\u0000) of 1.1 eV, whereas the electron traps exhibited two distinct peaks at \u0000<italic>E<sub>T</sub></i>\u0000 = 0.75 and 1.25 eV. With increasing program/erase (P/E) cycling operations, the peak \u0000<italic>E<sub>T</sub></i>\u0000 associated with hole traps shifted toward shallower levels. Conversely, the electron traps remained unchanged, although their intensities increased. The extracted trap generation exhibited the power-law characteristics.","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"23 ","pages":"733-740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3475012
Kai Jia;Xinjian Niu;Yinghui Liu;Jianwei Liu;Tianzhong Zhang;Hongfu Li;Zongzheng Sun
This article presents a study for a 250 GHz MW-level continuous mode gyrotron to satisfy the demand of DEMO for over 200 GHz high-power microwave sources. Through careful analysis, the new high-order mode TE45,18 is chosen as the operation mode. Simultaneously, the magnetic injection electron gun is researched to meet the operation requirement of the gyrotron. A novel curved gradient structure is proposed instead of the traditional linear folding structure for obtaining high-quality electronic beams. Through the linear theory and the time-dependent multimode self-consistent nonlinear theory of gyrotron, the detailed study of mode competition is conducted in the resonator cavity. The TE45,18 mode can maintain operational stability while suppressing other competition modes at the magnetic field of 9.9600 T, the operation voltage of 80 kV, and the beam current of 35 A. When considering the ideal electron beam, the output power is 1070 kW and the operation efficiency is 38.21%. The output power and operation efficiency are reduced to 1041 kW, and 37.17%, respectively, when considering the realistic electron beam from the magnetic injection gun (MIG) electron gun.
{"title":"Design and Nonlinear Theoretical Investigations on a 250 GHz MW-Level CW Demo Gyrotron With Realistic Electron Beam","authors":"Kai Jia;Xinjian Niu;Yinghui Liu;Jianwei Liu;Tianzhong Zhang;Hongfu Li;Zongzheng Sun","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3475012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3475012","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a study for a 250 GHz MW-level continuous mode gyrotron to satisfy the demand of DEMO for over 200 GHz high-power microwave sources. Through careful analysis, the new high-order mode TE45,18 is chosen as the operation mode. Simultaneously, the magnetic injection electron gun is researched to meet the operation requirement of the gyrotron. A novel curved gradient structure is proposed instead of the traditional linear folding structure for obtaining high-quality electronic beams. Through the linear theory and the time-dependent multimode self-consistent nonlinear theory of gyrotron, the detailed study of mode competition is conducted in the resonator cavity. The TE45,18 mode can maintain operational stability while suppressing other competition modes at the magnetic field of 9.9600 T, the operation voltage of 80 kV, and the beam current of 35 A. When considering the ideal electron beam, the output power is 1070 kW and the operation efficiency is 38.21%. The output power and operation efficiency are reduced to 1041 kW, and 37.17%, respectively, when considering the realistic electron beam from the magnetic injection gun (MIG) electron gun.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":"52 8","pages":"3103-3110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel approach is suggested to enhance imaging sensitivity and refine the figure of merit (FoM) through the utilization of a long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) biosensor for the detection of water salinity concentration. This design integrates Teflon, copper (Cu), and a transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) layer. By incorporating this composite coating, the biosensor aims to inhibit oxidation, boost biomolecule adsorption, and elevate imaging sensitivity, detection accuracy (DA), and FoM. Using MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2 with the Teflon layer, the maximum achieved imaging sensitivities are 27651/RIU, 26501/RIU, 28059/RIU, 27209/RIU at 0% and 33245/RIU, 31458/RIU, 32424/RIU, 30472/RIU at 30%, water salinity concentration, respectively. Further, with the TMDCs layer, the maximum attained DA and FoM values with MoS2 are 33.33/° and 519.13/RIU, with MoSe2 are 50/° and 758.2/RIU, with WS2 are 50/° and 713.12/RIU, and with WSe2 are 50/° and 725.41/RIU, respectively. Additionally, the penetration depth (PD) of 566.12, 566.24, 493.77, and 508.3 nm at 0% and 700.14, 624.35, 570.28, and 569.94 nm at 30% salinity concentration is achieved. The numerical findings are compared to Teflon/Cytop layer-based LRSPR and conventional SPR (cSPR) sensors. We believe that this approach will have valuable applications in biological detection, medical diagnostics, and chemical analysis. While this work is solely based on simulations, we plan to conduct experimental studies in subsequent phases to further validate and refine the obtained numerical results.
{"title":"A Numerical Analysis for the Detection of Water Salinity Concentration Using Long-Range Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor With TMDCs-Teflon/Cytop","authors":"Rajeev Kumar;Shivam Singh;Lalit Garia;Bhargavi Chaudhary;Maneesh Kumar Singh;Santosh Kumar","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3471636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TPS.2024.3471636","url":null,"abstract":"A novel approach is suggested to enhance imaging sensitivity and refine the figure of merit (FoM) through the utilization of a long-range surface plasmon resonance (LRSPR) biosensor for the detection of water salinity concentration. This design integrates Teflon, copper (Cu), and a transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) layer. By incorporating this composite coating, the biosensor aims to inhibit oxidation, boost biomolecule adsorption, and elevate imaging sensitivity, detection accuracy (DA), and FoM. Using MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, and WSe2 with the Teflon layer, the maximum achieved imaging sensitivities are 27651/RIU, 26501/RIU, 28059/RIU, 27209/RIU at 0% and 33245/RIU, 31458/RIU, 32424/RIU, 30472/RIU at 30%, water salinity concentration, respectively. Further, with the TMDCs layer, the maximum attained DA and FoM values with MoS2 are 33.33/° and 519.13/RIU, with MoSe2 are 50/° and 758.2/RIU, with WS2 are 50/° and 713.12/RIU, and with WSe2 are 50/° and 725.41/RIU, respectively. Additionally, the penetration depth (PD) of 566.12, 566.24, 493.77, and 508.3 nm at 0% and 700.14, 624.35, 570.28, and 569.94 nm at 30% salinity concentration is achieved. The numerical findings are compared to Teflon/Cytop layer-based LRSPR and conventional SPR (cSPR) sensors. We believe that this approach will have valuable applications in biological detection, medical diagnostics, and chemical analysis. While this work is solely based on simulations, we plan to conduct experimental studies in subsequent phases to further validate and refine the obtained numerical results.","PeriodicalId":1,"journal":{"name":"Accounts of Chemical Research","volume":"52 8","pages":"3136-3144"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1109/JPHOTOV.2024.3463961
K. P. Sreejith;Vijay Venkatesh;Govind Padmakumar;Arno H. M. Smets
Photovoltaic (PV) panel installations in buildings and transportation hubs pose additional safety challenges as the glare from the panels can impose adverse impacts like flash blindness in human eyes. This study substantiates that polymer encapsulated thin film modules offer significantly low glare levels that are essential for building integrated and transport hub installations. In this work, the glare hazard potential associated with matt ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE)-based polymer sheet used as the frontsheet for the production of flexible thin amorphous silicon (a-Si) PV modules is studied and compared with standard PV glass used in crystalline silicon (c-Si) PV panels. The specular reflectance extracted from the measured total and diffuse reflectance for an angle of incidence (AOI) of 8 $^{circ }$ and the angular intensity distribution (AID) of specular reflectance measured for AOI ranging from 10 $^{circ }$ to 80 $^{circ }$ are utilized for glare assessment of the frontsheets. The mean value of specular reflectance extracted from the measured total and diffused reflectance is as low as $< $ 0.5% for the polymer frontsheet and is $>$ 4% for glass. The AID measurements suggest that the reflection from the polymer frontsheet is highly diffusive in nature in contrast to glass and the measured specular reflectance is always close to a magnitude lower than that from glass for all AOI. With the increase in AOI, the specular AID reflectance increases exponentially for glass to become as high as 40%, which is almost 20 times less than that from the polymer frontsheet for an AOI of 80 $^{circ }$ . Further, the c-Si test structure with glass and thin a-Si PV module with matt ETFE-based polymer as frontsheet showed similar specular reflectance trends as that of glass and the polymer frontsheet, respectively.
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