In this article, the role of three different taper profiles along with six different metal choices on the performance parameters of tapered fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is discussed for the first time. Earlier, the role of different taper profiles had been discussed only in the context of the gold metal layer. In this article, the transfer matrix method has been applied to analyze the optimized metals in the context of various types of taper profiles. The comparative analysis has been performed for different taper ratios (TRs) for each metal choice. It has been found that some metals provide the SPR resonance dip in the far-infrared region and can be quite useful to achieve the terahertz (THz) sensing region without applying the other costly metals, oxides, and 2-D materials. In this article, simple three-layer linear geometry has been chosen to achieve THz sensing. This work is expected to lay the foundation for choosing better materials for the next generation of sensing applications. The results of this article can be easily extended to optimize the structure in the context of other novel materials by adding simple layers of materials.
{"title":"Analysis of Tapered Fiber-Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) Bio-Sensing Probe With the Effect of Different Taper Profiles and Metal Choices","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi;Md Tauseef Iqbal Ansari;Azhar Shadab","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3392672","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3392672","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the role of three different taper profiles along with six different metal choices on the performance parameters of tapered fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is discussed for the first time. Earlier, the role of different taper profiles had been discussed only in the context of the gold metal layer. In this article, the transfer matrix method has been applied to analyze the optimized metals in the context of various types of taper profiles. The comparative analysis has been performed for different taper ratios (TRs) for each metal choice. It has been found that some metals provide the SPR resonance dip in the far-infrared region and can be quite useful to achieve the terahertz (THz) sensing region without applying the other costly metals, oxides, and 2-D materials. In this article, simple three-layer linear geometry has been chosen to achieve THz sensing. This work is expected to lay the foundation for choosing better materials for the next generation of sensing applications. The results of this article can be easily extended to optimize the structure in the context of other novel materials by adding simple layers of materials.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140836916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To improve the detection accuracy of surface defects in dental nails in the current medical manufacturing industry, while reducing the model size and making it easy to deploy on resource-limited devices, we propose a novel model structure for detecting surface defects on dental nails, SF-Yolov8n, based on Yolov8n. Its characteristic is that the model is not only lightweight but also has high detection performance. First, to significantly reduce the number of parameters and volume of the model, while improving the detection accuracy of surface defects on small targets, we simplified the model structure by pruning some network feature layers and modules and added an additional small target detection layer. Second, we developed a new lightweight module, C2Fast_CA, to replace some of the C2f modules in the model to reduce parameters. Afterward, to further simplify the model structure and reduce computational complexity, we made exploratory adjustments to the reg_max in the model to find the minimum value that is most suitable for lightweight models, thereby achieving model miniaturization. Finally, we also optimize the loss function to improve the overall performance of the model in handling various difficult samples. The experimental results show that SF-Yolov8n performs better than other mainstream detection models in detecting surface defects of dental nails and achieves the highest technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) score. In addition, the parameter quantity of SF-Yolov8n is only 0.69 M, which is a reduction of 77.01% compared with Yolov8n. Meanwhile, the including precision (P), recall (R), and mAP50 of SF-Yolov8n are increased by 3.7%, 3.4%, and 5.8%, respectively, compared with Yolov8n.
{"title":"SF-Yolov8n: A Novel Ultralightweight and High-Precision Model for Detecting Surface Defects of Dental Nails","authors":"Xiaoxin Chen;Zhansi Jiang;Yan Piao;Jingcheng Yang;Hongxin Zheng;Hao Yang;Kequan Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392674","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392674","url":null,"abstract":"To improve the detection accuracy of surface defects in dental nails in the current medical manufacturing industry, while reducing the model size and making it easy to deploy on resource-limited devices, we propose a novel model structure for detecting surface defects on dental nails, SF-Yolov8n, based on Yolov8n. Its characteristic is that the model is not only lightweight but also has high detection performance. First, to significantly reduce the number of parameters and volume of the model, while improving the detection accuracy of surface defects on small targets, we simplified the model structure by pruning some network feature layers and modules and added an additional small target detection layer. Second, we developed a new lightweight module, C2Fast_CA, to replace some of the C2f modules in the model to reduce parameters. Afterward, to further simplify the model structure and reduce computational complexity, we made exploratory adjustments to the reg_max in the model to find the minimum value that is most suitable for lightweight models, thereby achieving model miniaturization. Finally, we also optimize the loss function to improve the overall performance of the model in handling various difficult samples. The experimental results show that SF-Yolov8n performs better than other mainstream detection models in detecting surface defects of dental nails and achieves the highest technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution (TOPSIS) score. In addition, the parameter quantity of SF-Yolov8n is only 0.69 M, which is a reduction of 77.01% compared with Yolov8n. Meanwhile, the including precision (P), recall (R), and mAP50 of SF-Yolov8n are increased by 3.7%, 3.4%, and 5.8%, respectively, compared with Yolov8n.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393438
Justin Fong;Ying Tan;Denny Oetomo
Accurate measurement of the support polygon is crucial for assessing balance and stability during gait. This is of particular concern for individuals requiring a walking aid such as a cane or crutch. However, existing methods require fixed infrastructure or time-consuming setup, hindering community-based assessments and applications. This work introduces a novel system that uses sensors mounted to a cane or other gait aid and a manifold extended Kalman filter (MEKF) technique to estimate the relative contact surface locations between the user and the ground, even in the presence of intermittent measurements. The proposed technique serves as a versatile framework for various applications requiring relative pose information. The performance of a computer-tethered prototype was evaluated in three configurations against a laboratory-based motion capture system yielding mean absolute errors (MAEs) of 20–62 mm in the horizontal plane for the feet and crutch positions. To isolate the effects of measurement intermittency from measurement accuracy, the algorithm was also run with simulated measurements with zero error, but with the same intermittency, resulting in MAEs of 8–20 mm. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the approach and underscore the significance of sensor accuracy. Due to only requiring sensors on the walking aid, the proposed system may offer a practical solution for balance evaluation in community-based applications.
精确测量支撑多边形对于评估步态平衡和稳定性至关重要。对于需要拐杖或拐杖等行走辅助工具的人来说，这一点尤为重要。然而，现有的方法需要固定的基础设施或耗时的设置，阻碍了基于社区的评估和应用。这项工作介绍了一种新型系统，该系统使用安装在拐杖或其他步态辅助工具上的传感器和流形扩展卡尔曼滤波器（MEKF）技术来估算用户与地面之间的相对接触面位置，即使在测量时断时续的情况下也是如此。所提出的技术是一种多功能框架，适用于需要相对姿势信息的各种应用。针对基于实验室的运动捕捉系统的三种配置，对计算机系留原型的性能进行了评估，结果表明脚和拐杖位置在水平面上的平均绝对误差（MAE）为 20-62 毫米。为了从测量精度中分离测量间歇性的影响，该算法还在零误差但具有相同间歇性的模拟测量中运行，结果 MAE 为 8-20 毫米。这些发现证明了该方法的可行性，并强调了传感器精度的重要性。由于只需在助行器上安装传感器，所建议的系统可为社区应用中的平衡评估提供实用的解决方案。
{"title":"Portable Support Polygon Measurement System in Walking Aid Supported Gait","authors":"Justin Fong;Ying Tan;Denny Oetomo","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393438","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393438","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate measurement of the support polygon is crucial for assessing balance and stability during gait. This is of particular concern for individuals requiring a walking aid such as a cane or crutch. However, existing methods require fixed infrastructure or time-consuming setup, hindering community-based assessments and applications. This work introduces a novel system that uses sensors mounted to a cane or other gait aid and a manifold extended Kalman filter (MEKF) technique to estimate the relative contact surface locations between the user and the ground, even in the presence of intermittent measurements. The proposed technique serves as a versatile framework for various applications requiring relative pose information. The performance of a computer-tethered prototype was evaluated in three configurations against a laboratory-based motion capture system yielding mean absolute errors (MAEs) of 20–62 mm in the horizontal plane for the feet and crutch positions. To isolate the effects of measurement intermittency from measurement accuracy, the algorithm was also run with simulated measurements with zero error, but with the same intermittency, resulting in MAEs of 8–20 mm. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the approach and underscore the significance of sensor accuracy. Due to only requiring sensors on the walking aid, the proposed system may offer a practical solution for balance evaluation in community-based applications.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3384516
Liang Sun;Cong Cao;Guoli Bai;Zhidan Zhong;Wei Sun;Dongfeng Wang
Sensors are essential for the prognosis and health management of equipment. The fusion of multiple sensors data could improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Current data fusion methods focus on high-quality sensor data. However, in practical applications, constraints, such as cost or space, may limit the use of multiple high-quality sensors. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to effectively use all available sensor data, even those containing some useful information but less effective when used individually. This article presents a novel method for sensor data fusion, utilizing the highest performing sensor data as a backbone and complementing it with preliminary data-level fusion data through multistage adaptive feature complementation. Comparative results validate the effectiveness and superiority of this method. The proposed method also demonstrates strong predictive capability by using data from a single period as training samples to forecast future data states.
{"title":"AFCNet: A Fusion Method of Multisensor Data Based on Adaptive Feature Complementation","authors":"Liang Sun;Cong Cao;Guoli Bai;Zhidan Zhong;Wei Sun;Dongfeng Wang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3384516","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3384516","url":null,"abstract":"Sensors are essential for the prognosis and health management of equipment. The fusion of multiple sensors data could improve the accuracy of fault diagnosis. Current data fusion methods focus on high-quality sensor data. However, in practical applications, constraints, such as cost or space, may limit the use of multiple high-quality sensors. Therefore, it is necessary to explore how to effectively use all available sensor data, even those containing some useful information but less effective when used individually. This article presents a novel method for sensor data fusion, utilizing the highest performing sensor data as a backbone and complementing it with preliminary data-level fusion data through multistage adaptive feature complementation. Comparative results validate the effectiveness and superiority of this method. The proposed method also demonstrates strong predictive capability by using data from a single period as training samples to forecast future data states.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Weakly coupled silicon micromechanical resonators have been widely studied for sensors. However, parasitic feedthrough capacitances degrade the magnitude of output signals. This article presents a detailed investigation on the influence of the feedthrough capacitance, in particular, at low air pressures. It begins with a theoretical analysis and simulation using an equivalent circuit model to explore the impact of feedthrough capacitance on the output current of the coupled resonators. Experimental tests are conducted to illustrate the effects of feedthrough capacitance at different air pressures. The results reveal that resonators with lower quality factors are more susceptible to feedthrough influence. Using a half-frequency driving method, the feedthrough signal is effectively suppressed at low air pressures. The experiments show that it significantly suppresses the feedthrough level to -93 dB and achieves a 13 dB signal acquisition even under an air pressure of 120 Pa.
人们对用于传感器的弱耦合硅微机械谐振器进行了广泛研究。然而，寄生馈入电容会降低输出信号的幅度。本文详细研究了馈入电容的影响，特别是在低气压下的影响。文章首先使用等效电路模型进行理论分析和模拟，探讨馈通电容对耦合谐振器输出电流的影响。实验测试说明了不同气压下馈入电容的影响。结果表明，品质因数较低的谐振器更容易受到馈入电容的影响。使用半频驱动方法，可有效抑制低气压下的馈通电容信号。实验表明，即使在 120 Pa 的气压下，它也能将馈通电平显著抑制到 -93 dB，并实现 13 dB 的信号采集。
{"title":"Analysis and Mitigation of the Feedthrough Capacitance in Weakly Coupled Silicon Resonators","authors":"Man-Na Zhang;Rui Wang;Lei Dong;Li-Feng Wang;Qing-An Huang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3390405","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3390405","url":null,"abstract":"Weakly coupled silicon micromechanical resonators have been widely studied for sensors. However, parasitic feedthrough capacitances degrade the magnitude of output signals. This article presents a detailed investigation on the influence of the feedthrough capacitance, in particular, at low air pressures. It begins with a theoretical analysis and simulation using an equivalent circuit model to explore the impact of feedthrough capacitance on the output current of the coupled resonators. Experimental tests are conducted to illustrate the effects of feedthrough capacitance at different air pressures. The results reveal that resonators with lower quality factors are more susceptible to feedthrough influence. Using a half-frequency driving method, the feedthrough signal is effectively suppressed at low air pressures. The experiments show that it significantly suppresses the feedthrough level to -93 dB and achieves a 13 dB signal acquisition even under an air pressure of 120 Pa.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393354
Matthew C. Stewart;John D. Jones;Albert M. Leung
The direct ion wind gyroscope is a sensor using an ion wind generator that detects Coriolis deflection by measuring electric current in the ion wind cathodes. By dividing the cathode into two separate electrodes and comparing the currents being collected in each, the overall angular velocity is measured. This iteration of the direct ion wind gyroscope features a loop back air channel and pin-to-parallel-plate electrode configuration, representing a significant advance over the pin-to-mesh in a closed cubic volume design. Improved simulation platform facilitated exploration and characterization of several geometric variations. Specifically, it was determined that adjusting key dimensions allows for the optimization of sensing range against sensing precision. The exploration of diverse geometric variations provides a pathway for continuing development, offering insights to refine and optimize for diverse applications. A prototype validated the simulation, demonstrating a sixfold extension in sensor range from 180°/s to an experimentally verified 1080°/s while doubling sensitivity. The simulation and experiment showed excellent agreement. In addition, significant improvement in power consumption was realized, lowering the ion wind power from 4 mW to $100~boldsymbol {mu }$ W.
{"title":"Improvement of Range and Sensitivity of the Direct Ion Wind Gyroscope","authors":"Matthew C. Stewart;John D. Jones;Albert M. Leung","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393354","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393354","url":null,"abstract":"The direct ion wind gyroscope is a sensor using an ion wind generator that detects Coriolis deflection by measuring electric current in the ion wind cathodes. By dividing the cathode into two separate electrodes and comparing the currents being collected in each, the overall angular velocity is measured. This iteration of the direct ion wind gyroscope features a loop back air channel and pin-to-parallel-plate electrode configuration, representing a significant advance over the pin-to-mesh in a closed cubic volume design. Improved simulation platform facilitated exploration and characterization of several geometric variations. Specifically, it was determined that adjusting key dimensions allows for the optimization of sensing range against sensing precision. The exploration of diverse geometric variations provides a pathway for continuing development, offering insights to refine and optimize for diverse applications. A prototype validated the simulation, demonstrating a sixfold extension in sensor range from 180°/s to an experimentally verified 1080°/s while doubling sensitivity. The simulation and experiment showed excellent agreement. In addition, significant improvement in power consumption was realized, lowering the ion wind power from 4 mW to \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$100~boldsymbol {mu }$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000W.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI-II) is an important sensor mounted on China’s second-generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite Fengyun-3 (FY-3). However, due to the influence of its own or external conditions during the operation of the sensor, the detection performance of the sensor will be degraded. Based on the sun glint over ocean (ocean glint), this article conducted a four-year (2018–2021) long-term series tracking of the on-orbit attenuation performance of a total of 13 channels of FY-3D/MERSI-II from visible light to mid-infrared (400–2500 nm). With the 865 nm channel as the reference channel, through screening the effective pixels, the ratio of the reflectance of the channel to be tracked and the reference channel to be used as the tracking value for this research, and the on-orbit degradation of FY-3D/MERSI-II after launch was analyzed. The results show that the degradation of the channel with wavelength less than 500 nm is obvious, especially the 412 nm band has the largest attenuation rate, with an annual attenuation rate of 7.2%, and the annual degradation rate of 443 and 490 nm also exceeds 3.5%; meanwhile, their degradation also has a large oscillation characteristic. Most red and near-infrared bands (600–900 nm) and long-wave bands (>2000 nm) are relatively stable, with an annual degradation rate of no more than 2%. The research results can provide a reference for updating the subsequent calibration coefficients of FY-3D/MERSI-II.
{"title":"On-Orbit Degradation Tracking of FY-3D/MERSI-II Based on Ocean Glint","authors":"Fengjiao Zhang;Wei Chen;Xiuqing Hu;Xuepeng Zhang;Hongzhao Tang;Bo Peng","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391287","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391287","url":null,"abstract":"The medium resolution spectral imager (MERSI-II) is an important sensor mounted on China’s second-generation polar-orbiting meteorological satellite Fengyun-3 (FY-3). However, due to the influence of its own or external conditions during the operation of the sensor, the detection performance of the sensor will be degraded. Based on the sun glint over ocean (ocean glint), this article conducted a four-year (2018–2021) long-term series tracking of the on-orbit attenuation performance of a total of 13 channels of FY-3D/MERSI-II from visible light to mid-infrared (400–2500 nm). With the 865 nm channel as the reference channel, through screening the effective pixels, the ratio of the reflectance of the channel to be tracked and the reference channel to be used as the tracking value for this research, and the on-orbit degradation of FY-3D/MERSI-II after launch was analyzed. The results show that the degradation of the channel with wavelength less than 500 nm is obvious, especially the 412 nm band has the largest attenuation rate, with an annual attenuation rate of 7.2%, and the annual degradation rate of 443 and 490 nm also exceeds 3.5%; meanwhile, their degradation also has a large oscillation characteristic. Most red and near-infrared bands (600–900 nm) and long-wave bands (>2000 nm) are relatively stable, with an annual degradation rate of no more than 2%. The research results can provide a reference for updating the subsequent calibration coefficients of FY-3D/MERSI-II.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140836970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3391299
Song Jiang;Xuhao Zhang;Qian Qu;Yonggang Wang;Zi Li;Zhonghang Wu
As a method of generating low-temperature plasma, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been applied in many occasions. Traditional DBD has limited application space due to the size of electrode gaps. In this article, a floating-electrode DBD (FE-DBD) structure is designed. The differences in discharge characteristics, spectral characteristics, and water solution treatment effects between FE-DBD and traditional dual electrode DBD are compared. The results show that discharge occurs at both the rising and falling edges of square wave pulses in both structures. However, the discharge current and power under FE-DBD are significantly smaller than DBD. Meanwhile, the ungrounded metal electrode of FE-DB can be equivalent to a large resistor and capacitor in parallel. Based on the circuit analysis and MATLAB/Simulink simulation, the resistance and capacitance values are calculated. The emission spectral intensity of FE-DBD is weaker than that of DBD. Both the vibration temperature and rotation temperature under FE-DBD structure are slightly lower than DBD. In the treatment of sodium indigo disulfonate solution, the processing effect of FE-DBD is weaker than that of DBD under the same time. Its energy efficiency is higher than DBD.
{"title":"Research on Discharge Characteristics of Floating-Electrode DBD","authors":"Song Jiang;Xuhao Zhang;Qian Qu;Yonggang Wang;Zi Li;Zhonghang Wu","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3391299","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3391299","url":null,"abstract":"As a method of generating low-temperature plasma, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) has been applied in many occasions. Traditional DBD has limited application space due to the size of electrode gaps. In this article, a floating-electrode DBD (FE-DBD) structure is designed. The differences in discharge characteristics, spectral characteristics, and water solution treatment effects between FE-DBD and traditional dual electrode DBD are compared. The results show that discharge occurs at both the rising and falling edges of square wave pulses in both structures. However, the discharge current and power under FE-DBD are significantly smaller than DBD. Meanwhile, the ungrounded metal electrode of FE-DB can be equivalent to a large resistor and capacitor in parallel. Based on the circuit analysis and MATLAB/Simulink simulation, the resistance and capacitance values are calculated. The emission spectral intensity of FE-DBD is weaker than that of DBD. Both the vibration temperature and rotation temperature under FE-DBD structure are slightly lower than DBD. In the treatment of sodium indigo disulfonate solution, the processing effect of FE-DBD is weaker than that of DBD under the same time. Its energy efficiency is higher than DBD.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393030
José A. Paredes;Miles Hansard;Khalid Z. Rajab;Fernando J. Álvarez
Accurate object detection and location systems are essential for many robotic applications, including autonomous grasping and manipulation systems. In some cases, the target object may be obscured from view, in clutter, packaging, or debris. Millimeter-wave radar (mmWave) is a potential alternative to visual sensing in such scenarios, owing to its ability to penetrate typical low-density non-metallic materials. However, this approach requires accurate spatial calibration of the radar signal, over the robot workspace. We propose to achieve this with reference to visual data, which provides ground-truth locations for initial training of the system. Specifically, we describe a commodity mmWave radar system for detecting and localizing static metallic objects, over a 2-D workspace. We compare similarity, affine, and thin-plate spline (TPS) models of the spatial transformation from radar estimates to actual locations. Experiments were performed with a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) device, using a starting frequency of 60 GHz and a bandwidth of 3.4 GHz. It is shown that the spline model performs best, achieving an average spatial error of 7 mm, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of the uncalibrated system.
{"title":"Spatial Calibration of Millimeter-Wave Radar for Close-Range Object Location","authors":"José A. Paredes;Miles Hansard;Khalid Z. Rajab;Fernando J. Álvarez","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393030","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3393030","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate object detection and location systems are essential for many robotic applications, including autonomous grasping and manipulation systems. In some cases, the target object may be obscured from view, in clutter, packaging, or debris. Millimeter-wave radar (mmWave) is a potential alternative to visual sensing in such scenarios, owing to its ability to penetrate typical low-density non-metallic materials. However, this approach requires accurate spatial calibration of the radar signal, over the robot workspace. We propose to achieve this with reference to visual data, which provides ground-truth locations for initial training of the system. Specifically, we describe a commodity mmWave radar system for detecting and localizing static metallic objects, over a 2-D workspace. We compare similarity, affine, and thin-plate spline (TPS) models of the spatial transformation from radar estimates to actual locations. Experiments were performed with a frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) device, using a starting frequency of 60 GHz and a bandwidth of 3.4 GHz. It is shown that the spline model performs best, achieving an average spatial error of 7 mm, which is an order of magnitude lower than that of the uncalibrated system.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140837156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-30DOI: 10.1109/TNANO.2024.3394547
Anshul;Rishu Chaujar
In this article, the electronic and quantum transport properties for the bulk configuration of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) with varied number of carbon atoms along AGNR width (N) are investigated. The semi-empirical (SE) Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach is used to calculate the band structure, density of states (DOS), and transmission spectrum for the bulk configuration of AGNR. Further, the AGNRs are used in channel material to analyze the performance of field-effect transistors with Gate Stack (GS) architecture. The result shows that the bandgap value is higher for AGNR (N = 4) with a value of 1.98 eV compared to another bulk configuration of AGNRs. In addition to this, AGNR (N = 4) also shows an improved transmission spectrum. Moreover, the transmission spectrum at varied input voltages and projected local density of states (PLDOS) are also analyzed to study the performance of the proposed devices. The parameters mentioned above give a unique idea for evaluating the performance in terms of resonance peaks and electronic structure for device configurations. The off current (I off ) is remarkably reduced, and the switching ratio (I on /I off ) is significantly improved in GS-AGNR (N = 4) FET compared with other device configurations. Owing to the enhanced switching, this paper highlights GS-AGNR (N = 4) FET as a suitable candidate for low-power applications such as low-power sensors, wireless communication, and medical devices.
{"title":"Semi-Empirical DFT Based Investigation of Electronic and Quantum Transport Properties of Novel GS-AGNR (N) FET","authors":"Anshul;Rishu Chaujar","doi":"10.1109/TNANO.2024.3394547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TNANO.2024.3394547","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the electronic and quantum transport properties for the bulk configuration of armchair graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) with varied number of carbon atoms along AGNR width (N) are investigated. The semi-empirical (SE) Density Functional Theory (DFT) approach is used to calculate the band structure, density of states (DOS), and transmission spectrum for the bulk configuration of AGNR. Further, the AGNRs are used in channel material to analyze the performance of field-effect transistors with Gate Stack (GS) architecture. The result shows that the bandgap value is higher for AGNR (N = 4) with a value of 1.98 eV compared to another bulk configuration of AGNRs. In addition to this, AGNR (N = 4) also shows an improved transmission spectrum. Moreover, the transmission spectrum at varied input voltages and projected local density of states (PLDOS) are also analyzed to study the performance of the proposed devices. The parameters mentioned above give a unique idea for evaluating the performance in terms of resonance peaks and electronic structure for device configurations. The off current (I\u0000<sub>off</sub>\u0000) is remarkably reduced, and the switching ratio (I\u0000<sub>on</sub>\u0000/I\u0000<sub>off</sub>\u0000) is significantly improved in GS-AGNR (N = 4) FET compared with other device configurations. Owing to the enhanced switching, this paper highlights GS-AGNR (N = 4) FET as a suitable candidate for low-power applications such as low-power sensors, wireless communication, and medical devices.","PeriodicalId":449,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140844471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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