Since polyethylene (PE) pipes are widely used in urban infrastructure development, their precise localization is paramount. The research on the nonexcavation localization of buried PE pipes using acoustic methods holds significant practical significance due to the expensive costs and permit issues associated with traditional excavation-based localization methods. A method based on elastic wave reflection for positioning buried PE pipes is proposed in this article to address the challenges of nonexcavation localization of buried PE pipes. First, fundamental theoretical analysis and finite element simulation were carried out to investigate the propagation and reflection of elastic waves in the soil-PE pipe-coupled system, guiding subsequent experiments. Second, an electromagnetic-driven excitation source is designed to locate buried PE pipelines based on the elastic wave signals reflected by the pipeline. The excitation source is driven by Gaussian pulse-modulated sine waves. Finally, the back projection algorithm (BPA) imaging method generates cross-sectional images of buried PE pipes. The potential economic and environmental benefits of this method are substantial, as it promises to streamline the process of pipeline inspection and maintenance, leading to cost savings. Furthermore, the research paves the way for future advancements in nonexcavation technologies, contributing to the sustainable development of urban infrastructure. In conclusion, this study provides a practical and innovative solution for the nonexcavation positioning of buried PE pipes, influencing the widespread application of acoustic methods in infrastructure management.
{"title":"Nonexcavation Localization Method for Buried PE Pipes Based on Elastic Wave Reflection Imaging and the BPA Method","authors":"Yongsheng Qi;Xinhua Wang;Xuyun Yang;Tao Sun;Izzat Razzaq;Lin Yang;Yuexin Wang;Ghulam Rasool","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3388451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3388451","url":null,"abstract":"Since polyethylene (PE) pipes are widely used in urban infrastructure development, their precise localization is paramount. The research on the nonexcavation localization of buried PE pipes using acoustic methods holds significant practical significance due to the expensive costs and permit issues associated with traditional excavation-based localization methods. A method based on elastic wave reflection for positioning buried PE pipes is proposed in this article to address the challenges of nonexcavation localization of buried PE pipes. First, fundamental theoretical analysis and finite element simulation were carried out to investigate the propagation and reflection of elastic waves in the soil-PE pipe-coupled system, guiding subsequent experiments. Second, an electromagnetic-driven excitation source is designed to locate buried PE pipelines based on the elastic wave signals reflected by the pipeline. The excitation source is driven by Gaussian pulse-modulated sine waves. Finally, the back projection algorithm (BPA) imaging method generates cross-sectional images of buried PE pipes. The potential economic and environmental benefits of this method are substantial, as it promises to streamline the process of pipeline inspection and maintenance, leading to cost savings. Furthermore, the research paves the way for future advancements in nonexcavation technologies, contributing to the sustainable development of urban infrastructure. In conclusion, this study provides a practical and innovative solution for the nonexcavation positioning of buried PE pipes, influencing the widespread application of acoustic methods in infrastructure management.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-29DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392353
Jinlong Wu;Lixin Li;Wensheng Lin;Junli Liang;Zhu Han
With the development of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, waveform design is currently attracting extensive attention. At the same time, subcarrier superposition can lead to the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). Therefore, in this article, we investigate the low PAPR waveform design for OFDM-based ISAC systems. A weighted optimization problem with the constraint of zero integrated sidelobe level (ISL) is formulated with the aim of flexibly balancing between PAPR and communication performance and an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs)-based algorithm is proposed to address this issue. Moreover, the nonlinear power amplifier is also considered to demonstrate the impact of PAPR on ISAC systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the PAPR and achieve a performance trade-off between PAPR and communication performance.
{"title":"Low-Complexity Waveform Design for PAPR Reduction in Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems Based on ADMM","authors":"Jinlong Wu;Lixin Li;Wensheng Lin;Junli Liang;Zhu Han","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392353","url":null,"abstract":"With the development of integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, waveform design is currently attracting extensive attention. At the same time, subcarrier superposition can lead to the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) problem in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM). Therefore, in this article, we investigate the low PAPR waveform design for OFDM-based ISAC systems. A weighted optimization problem with the constraint of zero integrated sidelobe level (ISL) is formulated with the aim of flexibly balancing between PAPR and communication performance and an alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMMs)-based algorithm is proposed to address this issue. Moreover, the nonlinear power amplifier is also considered to demonstrate the impact of PAPR on ISAC systems. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the PAPR and achieve a performance trade-off between PAPR and communication performance.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-29DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392804
Linghui Zhu;Yuqing Li;Minqiang Xu;Yao Cheng;Rixin Wang
In anomaly detection, detecting anomalies in rotating devices with abnormal data deficiency presents a significant challenge. This article proposes a novel Unmasking-based approach for anomaly detection in rotating devices. Assuming that the separability of similar data concentrates on a small number of features, while the separability of dissimilar data is scattered across most features. By continuously removing important features and observing the changes in indicators, we can assess the differences between data. A scoring method of anomaly degree is proposed. The evaluation indicator has been improved by using the area under the curve (AUC) instead of accuracy (ACC) to achieve higher accuracy and fault tolerance. The method is validated with two datasets, showcasing its ability to identify abnormal data accurately without specific training on anomalies. A testing framework based on Unmasking has been proposed and demonstrated to be effective and accurate using data from multiple operating conditions.
{"title":"An Unmasking-Based Method of Anomaly Detection for Rotating Devices","authors":"Linghui Zhu;Yuqing Li;Minqiang Xu;Yao Cheng;Rixin Wang","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2024.3392804","url":null,"abstract":"In anomaly detection, detecting anomalies in rotating devices with abnormal data deficiency presents a significant challenge. This article proposes a novel Unmasking-based approach for anomaly detection in rotating devices. Assuming that the separability of similar data concentrates on a small number of features, while the separability of dissimilar data is scattered across most features. By continuously removing important features and observing the changes in indicators, we can assess the differences between data. A scoring method of anomaly degree is proposed. The evaluation indicator has been improved by using the area under the curve (AUC) instead of accuracy (ACC) to achieve higher accuracy and fault tolerance. The method is validated with two datasets, showcasing its ability to identify abnormal data accurately without specific training on anomalies. A testing framework based on Unmasking has been proposed and demonstrated to be effective and accurate using data from multiple operating conditions.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3388046
Gabriel Bruno Monteiro Fernandes;Yunshan Wang;Steve Blair;Jefferson Luiz Brum Marques;Cleumar S. Moreira
Research focused on improving the sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analytical technology has led to the investigation of different electric field enhancement elements for incorporation with classic sensor structures. Over the past ten years, considerable attention has been given to ceramic, metal oxide, and 2-D materials that not only improve the magnitude of the field but are also used as affinity layers for improved adsorption of molecules. However, focusing on the improvements these materials deliver can lead designers to explore only some of the multiple dependencies associated with sensitivity. When using the angular interrogation mode (AIM), the impacts of working with different wavelengths are generally disregarded, as a fixed value of $lambda =633$ nm is commonly adopted. Choosing 633 nm is often justified for achieving near-zero reflectivity and good sensitivity. However, newer SPR designs lack the determination of optimal wavelength-dependent sensitivity points. This article numerically investigates sensitivity as a function of wavelength for SPR sensors. We systematically study the effects of operating outside $lambda =633$ nm and show that the signature produced by bare metal sensors does not always resemble the signatures produced by field-enhanced designs. Examinations are based on Graphene and BaTiO3. Furthermore, we demonstrate how imposing thresholds on optimization targets can be leveraged to sustain high-sensitivity results, and we elaborate on the pertinent trade-offs. Our approach shows further performance improvements in designs for which highly efficient benchmarks have already been demonstrated.
{"title":"Wavelength-Dependent Angular Sensitivity Signatures in SPR Sensors: Is the 633 nm Wavelength Still Optimal for the Latest Designs?","authors":"Gabriel Bruno Monteiro Fernandes;Yunshan Wang;Steve Blair;Jefferson Luiz Brum Marques;Cleumar S. Moreira","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3388046","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3388046","url":null,"abstract":"Research focused on improving the sensitivity of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analytical technology has led to the investigation of different electric field enhancement elements for incorporation with classic sensor structures. Over the past ten years, considerable attention has been given to ceramic, metal oxide, and 2-D materials that not only improve the magnitude of the field but are also used as affinity layers for improved adsorption of molecules. However, focusing on the improvements these materials deliver can lead designers to explore only some of the multiple dependencies associated with sensitivity. When using the angular interrogation mode (AIM), the impacts of working with different wavelengths are generally disregarded, as a fixed value of \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$lambda =633$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 nm is commonly adopted. Choosing 633 nm is often justified for achieving near-zero reflectivity and good sensitivity. However, newer SPR designs lack the determination of optimal wavelength-dependent sensitivity points. This article numerically investigates sensitivity as a function of wavelength for SPR sensors. We systematically study the effects of operating outside \u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$lambda =633$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000 nm and show that the signature produced by bare metal sensors does not always resemble the signatures produced by field-enhanced designs. Examinations are based on Graphene and BaTiO3. Furthermore, we demonstrate how imposing thresholds on optimization targets can be leveraged to sustain high-sensitivity results, and we elaborate on the pertinent trade-offs. Our approach shows further performance improvements in designs for which highly efficient benchmarks have already been demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140799349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) panels in a distribution system could cause sharp fluctuations in bus voltages. This phenomenon could induce abnormal operations in high-precision equipment or result in erroneous computer memory functions. To handle this issue, this paper proposes a voltage control to smooth out a critical bus voltage, without utilizing the local controllable devices, while maintaining the bus voltages across the distribution system within the allowable range. First, a smoothing out control of voltage is proposed and theoretically proved to mitigate the voltage fluctuations at the critical bus by the first-order inertia. Second, an optimization model is proposed for the coordinated voltage control, which coordinates the actions of discrete control devices with the smoothing out control of PV inverters. A novel convex approximation method is proposed to transform the nonconvex model into an approximate convex model. It is theoretically proved that the solutions obtained by solving the approximation model can control the bus voltages across the distribution system within the allowable range. Last, the proposed voltage control is simulated in 15-bus and 51-bus distribution systems. The 6-minute and 24-hour simulations show that a single voltage fluctuation and the sum of squared voltage fluctuations at a critical bus are reduced by 22.4% and 36.5%, respectively, as compared to the results offered by using the existing benchmark control method.
{"title":"A Convex Approximation Method for Smoothing Out Control of Voltage Profile at a Critical Distribution Bus Under Sharp PV Power Fluctuations","authors":"Xuanyi Xiao;Zhiyi Li;Xutao Han;Wen Huang;Guanzhong Wang;Mohammad Shahidehpour","doi":"10.1109/TSTE.2024.3394148","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TSTE.2024.3394148","url":null,"abstract":"The high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) panels in a distribution system could cause sharp fluctuations in bus voltages. This phenomenon could induce abnormal operations in high-precision equipment or result in erroneous computer memory functions. To handle this issue, this paper proposes a voltage control to smooth out a critical bus voltage, without utilizing the local controllable devices, while maintaining the bus voltages across the distribution system within the allowable range. First, a smoothing out control of voltage is proposed and theoretically proved to mitigate the voltage fluctuations at the critical bus by the first-order inertia. Second, an optimization model is proposed for the coordinated voltage control, which coordinates the actions of discrete control devices with the smoothing out control of PV inverters. A novel convex approximation method is proposed to transform the nonconvex model into an approximate convex model. It is theoretically proved that the solutions obtained by solving the approximation model can control the bus voltages across the distribution system within the allowable range. Last, the proposed voltage control is simulated in 15-bus and 51-bus distribution systems. The 6-minute and 24-hour simulations show that a single voltage fluctuation and the sum of squared voltage fluctuations at a critical bus are reduced by 22.4% and 36.5%, respectively, as compared to the results offered by using the existing benchmark control method.","PeriodicalId":452,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140800635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391935
Junhui Qian;Yuanyuan Lu;Jinru Zhang;Gaojie Chen
In this article, a novel multisensor detection system framework for the rapid screening of bacterial infection is proposed. To capture the dynamic information of sensor response curves, eight features, such as time- and frequency-domain features, are extracted for each sensor. In addition, a novel feature selection algorithm based on adaptive similarity and latent semantics (ASLSFS) is employed to eliminate irrelevant features in the initial feature set. Due to the redundant information and noise introduced by the sensors’ broad-spectrum response characteristics and hardware circuit interference, a dynamical information change weighted array optimization (DICWAO) is developed, which leverages the impact of adding candidate sensor features on the shared information among previously selected sensor features, candidate sensor features, and class label. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed system. Comparative analysis with existing algorithms verifies the effectiveness of the developed feature selection algorithm and array optimization framework.
{"title":"A Novel Rapid Bacterial Infection Screening Multisensor System With Feature Selection and Sensor Array Optimization","authors":"Junhui Qian;Yuanyuan Lu;Jinru Zhang;Gaojie Chen","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391935","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391935","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a novel multisensor detection system framework for the rapid screening of bacterial infection is proposed. To capture the dynamic information of sensor response curves, eight features, such as time- and frequency-domain features, are extracted for each sensor. In addition, a novel feature selection algorithm based on adaptive similarity and latent semantics (ASLSFS) is employed to eliminate irrelevant features in the initial feature set. Due to the redundant information and noise introduced by the sensors’ broad-spectrum response characteristics and hardware circuit interference, a dynamical information change weighted array optimization (DICWAO) is developed, which leverages the impact of adding candidate sensor features on the shared information among previously selected sensor features, candidate sensor features, and class label. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the designed system. Comparative analysis with existing algorithms verifies the effectiveness of the developed feature selection algorithm and array optimization framework.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140799345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1109/JSEN.2024.3390544
Haneul Woo;Hee-Jo Lee;Jong-Gwan Yook
In this article, a microwave-based sensor for noninvasive glucose detection is proposed. Considering the concentrations of substances other than glucose in the blood, sodium chloride (NaCl) is selected, and the dielectric properties of glucose and NaCl solutions are measured and analyzed. Due to the sensitivity of water to temperature, the dielectric properties are examined concerning temperature variations. As the temperature-induced dielectric properties are found to dominate over those due to changes in the concentrations of glucose and NaCl solutions, a switching circuit is employed to eliminate environmental effects, including temperature. To sensitively detect concentration changes in the solution, a resonator based on an interdigital capacitor (IDC) is designed, generating strong fringing fields between fingers. Dual sensing is achieved by creating a reference resonator for detecting only environmental effects and a sensing resonator for detecting both environmental effects and concentration changes. The difference in reflection coefficients between the two resonators is continuously stored in real time, enabling the continuous detection of concentration changes in glucose and NaCl solutions with environment correction. The reflection coefficient changes for glucose (0–400 mg/dL) and NaCl (500–900 mg/dL) are 0.41 and 1.43 dB, respectively. Through the analysis of dielectric properties and measurement results for glucose and NaCl concentrations, it is confirmed that to detect small changes in glucose concentration in mixtures like blood, where various substances are present, the influence of other substances with dominant dielectric property variations over glucose must be eliminated.
{"title":"Noninvasive Detection of Glucose and NaCl Solutions With Environment Correction Using a Dual IDC-Based Microwave Sensor","authors":"Haneul Woo;Hee-Jo Lee;Jong-Gwan Yook","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3390544","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3390544","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a microwave-based sensor for noninvasive glucose detection is proposed. Considering the concentrations of substances other than glucose in the blood, sodium chloride (NaCl) is selected, and the dielectric properties of glucose and NaCl solutions are measured and analyzed. Due to the sensitivity of water to temperature, the dielectric properties are examined concerning temperature variations. As the temperature-induced dielectric properties are found to dominate over those due to changes in the concentrations of glucose and NaCl solutions, a switching circuit is employed to eliminate environmental effects, including temperature. To sensitively detect concentration changes in the solution, a resonator based on an interdigital capacitor (IDC) is designed, generating strong fringing fields between fingers. Dual sensing is achieved by creating a reference resonator for detecting only environmental effects and a sensing resonator for detecting both environmental effects and concentration changes. The difference in reflection coefficients between the two resonators is continuously stored in real time, enabling the continuous detection of concentration changes in glucose and NaCl solutions with environment correction. The reflection coefficient changes for glucose (0–400 mg/dL) and NaCl (500–900 mg/dL) are 0.41 and 1.43 dB, respectively. Through the analysis of dielectric properties and measurement results for glucose and NaCl concentrations, it is confirmed that to detect small changes in glucose concentration in mixtures like blood, where various substances are present, the influence of other substances with dominant dielectric property variations over glucose must be eliminated.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140799352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3370369
Bin Zhang;Ride Wang;Xiaohui Du
Sepsis is a highly dynamic and intricate medical condition that has the potential to swiftly advance toward critical organ dysfunction and fatality. Timely identification and management of sepsis is of utmost importance, as it has the potential to significantly decrease mortality rates and enhance overall clinical results. However, current clinical detection techniques are difficult to fulfill someone’s requirements due to the limitations of many factors, so a rapid and highly sensitive detection method is urgently needed. Here, we propose a plasma terahertz (THz) metasurface biosensor based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance, which allows strong coupling between electric and toroidal dipoles to produce extremely high local electric field enhancement that enhances light–matter interactions, resulting in intrinsic peaks with high-quality factor ( $Q$ ) up to 19.36. To demonstrate its superior biosensing performance, we integrated antibody-functionalized metasurfaces in a 2-D microarray format for influx and real-time binding assay of inflammatory factors calcitoninogen [procalcitonin (PCT)], interleukin-10 (IL-10) solutions, with a detection limit of 100 ng/mL. In summary, the designed THz-metasurface biosensor not only possesses advantages including low detection limit, high integration, and high automation, but also has a bright application prospect in the biomedical field, bringing hope to many patients suffering from illness.
{"title":"Rapid and Highly Sensitive Detection of Sepsis Inflammatory Factors Based on a Plasmonic Terahertz-Metasurface Biosensor","authors":"Bin Zhang;Ride Wang;Xiaohui Du","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3370369","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3370369","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis is a highly dynamic and intricate medical condition that has the potential to swiftly advance toward critical organ dysfunction and fatality. Timely identification and management of sepsis is of utmost importance, as it has the potential to significantly decrease mortality rates and enhance overall clinical results. However, current clinical detection techniques are difficult to fulfill someone’s requirements due to the limitations of many factors, so a rapid and highly sensitive detection method is urgently needed. Here, we propose a plasma terahertz (THz) metasurface biosensor based on the principle of surface plasmon resonance, which allows strong coupling between electric and toroidal dipoles to produce extremely high local electric field enhancement that enhances light–matter interactions, resulting in intrinsic peaks with high-quality factor (\u0000<inline-formula> <tex-math>$Q$ </tex-math></inline-formula>\u0000) up to 19.36. To demonstrate its superior biosensing performance, we integrated antibody-functionalized metasurfaces in a 2-D microarray format for influx and real-time binding assay of inflammatory factors calcitoninogen [procalcitonin (PCT)], interleukin-10 (IL-10) solutions, with a detection limit of 100 ng/mL. In summary, the designed THz-metasurface biosensor not only possesses advantages including low detection limit, high integration, and high automation, but also has a bright application prospect in the biomedical field, bringing hope to many patients suffering from illness.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sustainability is becoming an increasingly crucial focus across various industries, reigniting interest in wood as a material. To enable its broader utility and smart applications, the integration of electronics and sensors into wooden surfaces is essential. Yet, preserving the optical integrity of elegant wood finishes is of paramount importance. This article presents the realization of a transparent touch sensor on recon veneers. The touch sensor relies on an interdigital capacitor (IDC), screen-printed using silver nanowire ink. Applying a protective coating onto the sensor prevents responses to ambient humidity. The temperature dependence of the sensor signal exhibits a contrasting trend compared to the touch response. The sensor demonstrates the highest touch sensitivity at a frequency of 2.57 MHz. A standard deviation of 0.7% was found, highlighting the sensor’s precision. This research paves the way for seamlessly incorporating advanced electronics into wooden surfaces while maintaining their aesthetic appeal and functionality.
{"title":"Transparent Touch Sensors on Wood: Sustainable Development With Aesthetic Integrity","authors":"Lukas Rauter;Manoj Jose;Stephanie Weiss;Olivia Moser;Stefan Pandur;Jürgen Kosel","doi":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391828","DOIUrl":"10.1109/JSEN.2024.3391828","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainability is becoming an increasingly crucial focus across various industries, reigniting interest in wood as a material. To enable its broader utility and smart applications, the integration of electronics and sensors into wooden surfaces is essential. Yet, preserving the optical integrity of elegant wood finishes is of paramount importance. This article presents the realization of a transparent touch sensor on recon veneers. The touch sensor relies on an interdigital capacitor (IDC), screen-printed using silver nanowire ink. Applying a protective coating onto the sensor prevents responses to ambient humidity. The temperature dependence of the sensor signal exhibits a contrasting trend compared to the touch response. The sensor demonstrates the highest touch sensitivity at a frequency of 2.57 MHz. A standard deviation of 0.7% was found, highlighting the sensor’s precision. This research paves the way for seamlessly incorporating advanced electronics into wooden surfaces while maintaining their aesthetic appeal and functionality.","PeriodicalId":447,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Sensors Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10509635","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140799353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1109/TPS.2024.3390060
Alexander V. Kudrin;Anna S. Zaitseva;Eva V. Bazhilova;Tatyana M. Zaboronkova
A study is made of the radiation characteristics of phased circular loop antennas in a cold homogeneous magnetoplasma in the whistler frequency range. The antennas are assumed to have a common geometric center and the symmetry axes making a certain angle to one another, while being orthogonal to a static magnetic field superimposed on the plasma. With the use of an eigenfunction expansion representation of the excited field, conditions are determined under which such a loop antenna array is capable of launching whistler waves with the desired azimuthal index into the plasma medium. The results obtained show that the proposed phased array can be used as a source of twisted whistler waves with moderate azimuthal indices in a magnetoplasma modeled upon the Earth’s ionosphere. The application of such arrays for increasing the power going to circularly polarized waves propagating along an external magnetic field is also discussed.
{"title":"Whistler Wave Radiation From Phased Loop Antennas in a Magnetoplasma","authors":"Alexander V. Kudrin;Anna S. Zaitseva;Eva V. Bazhilova;Tatyana M. Zaboronkova","doi":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3390060","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TPS.2024.3390060","url":null,"abstract":"A study is made of the radiation characteristics of phased circular loop antennas in a cold homogeneous magnetoplasma in the whistler frequency range. The antennas are assumed to have a common geometric center and the symmetry axes making a certain angle to one another, while being orthogonal to a static magnetic field superimposed on the plasma. With the use of an eigenfunction expansion representation of the excited field, conditions are determined under which such a loop antenna array is capable of launching whistler waves with the desired azimuthal index into the plasma medium. The results obtained show that the proposed phased array can be used as a source of twisted whistler waves with moderate azimuthal indices in a magnetoplasma modeled upon the Earth’s ionosphere. The application of such arrays for increasing the power going to circularly polarized waves propagating along an external magnetic field is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":450,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140802894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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