Advances in Sample Preparation最新文献

{"title":"Endogenous HiBiT-tagging combined with affinity complementation: A new strategy for small open reading frame-encoded polypeptide detection in bacteria","authors":"Laure Simoens,&nbsp;Veronique Jonckheere,&nbsp;Dominiek Catteeuw,&nbsp;Petra Van Damme","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bacterial genome annotations are continuously refined with the advent of novel techniques. Ribosome profiling, or Ribo-seq, utilizing next-generation sequencing to link genomic regions with translational activity, has uncovered numerous small open reading frames (sORFs) - arbitrarily defined as ORFs no longer than 300 base pairs - as a generally under-annotated class of genomic elements in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic genomes. While sORFs can function as regulatory elements, they may also translate into small proteins (equal to or shorter than 100 amino acids), classified as sORF-encoded polypeptides (SEPs). The inherent limitations of ribosome profiling necessitate the experimental validation of predicted (s)ORFs at the protein expression level. However, the small size and unique biochemical characteristics of SEPs pose significant challenges for traditional protein detection methods, like mass spectrometry and immunoblotting. In this study, we introduce HiBiT blotting, a luminescent, complementation-based protein detection method, as a highly sensitive alternative to antibody-based immunoblotting for investigating SEP expression in <em>Salmonella enterica</em> (serovar) Typhimurium (<em>S.</em> Typhimurium) at endogenous levels. We demonstrate its complementarity to mass spectrometry as an expression validation tool. Additionally, employing a biochemical fractionation approach, we determined the subcellular localization of validated <em>S.</em> Typhimurium SEPs, initiating exploration into the functional aspects of these SEPs, and proposed enrichment strategies that may facilitate future experimental validation of Ribo-seq-predicted sORFs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143130330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mixed matrix membranes based on cellulose acetate recycled from cigarette butts and metal-organic frameworks for thin film solid-phase microextraction: Determination of phenols in environmental waters","authors":"Massimo G. De Cesaris ,&nbsp;María J. Trujillo-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Jorge Pasán ,&nbsp;Alessandra Gentili ,&nbsp;Verónica Pino","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recovery of raw materials from waste is a viable strategy to transition to more circular and greener methodologies. In this study, cigarette filters were recycled to obtain cellulose acetate and re-used as a support for a sorbent material in a microextraction procedure. Thus, this biosorbent was combined with a metal-organic framework (MIL-101(<em>Fe</em>)) and configurated in a membrane format of 300 µm of thickness via solvent casting. The developed mixed matrix membranes were characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersion X-ray. Kinetic adsorption studies for a group of 14 phenols (chlorophenols, alkylphenols, and bisphenols) present in waters and partitioning to the membrane systems were performed to gain insights into the extraction mechanisms of the membranes. The kinetics were fitted to pseudo-first order and interparticle diffusion models, with data indicating that chloro‑ and alkyl-phenols were adsorbed faster than bisphenols. Besides, the resulting membranes were utilized in thin film solid-phase microextraction (TF-SPME) in combination with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection (DAD) and fluorescent detector (FLD). The optimized method using these mixed matrix membranes (with dish shape and 1 cm of diameter) required 60 min of extraction with agitation followed by 10 min of desorption in 500 µL of basic ethanol. Low limits of detection, down to 2.13 µg·L^-1, were achieved, together with good performance in SPMS and BAGI metrics, with scores of 5.89 and 62.5, respectively. The performance with river waters was accompanied by adequate relative recoveries (74.3–117 %), reproducibility (with inter-day RSD values lower than 18 %), and absolute recoveries (up to 59 %).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100150"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring a MOF-on-MOF (ZIF-8-on-NH2-MIL-53(Al)) Hybrid Composite for Micro Solid Phase Extraction of Furosemide in artificial biological fluids prior to LC-q-TOF/MS detection","authors":"Zinar Pinar Gumus ,&nbsp;Mustafa Soylak","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Furosemide, a powerful diuretic that increases urine excretion, is used to treat many diseases. However, due to its abuse in sport, it is considered a doping substance. As a result, it has been banned by the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) and included in the group of diuretics and masking agents. Given the clinical significance of furosemide and its dependable application in athletics, this research employed the \"MOF-on-MOF\" hybrid material composite to leverage the synergistic effects of various components for detecting this drug in biological samples. After characterization of the ZIF-8-on-NH₂-MIL-53(Al) composite by FT-IR, XRD, TGA, XPS, BET and SEM-EDX techniques, the µ-SPE procedure was optimized using liquid chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-q-TOF/MS) based on the recovery values. The optimum conditions were determined as pH 6, adsorbent amount of 20 mg, and total adsorption-desorption time of 7 min. The recovery values of the solid-phase extraction method for simulated body fluids samples under optimum conditions were between 77.5 % and 93.4 %. The µ-SPE technique was effectively utilized on physiological samples using the ZIF-8-on-NH₂-MIL-53(Al) composite under optimal conditions. This study's findings will inform future research into the design of 'MOF-on-MOF' hybrids for various applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodiesel as a green alternative solvent in dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction","authors":"Samara Soares,&nbsp;Fábio R.P. Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodiesel, a fuel derived from renewable sources, is a nonpolar liquid, composed of alkyl esters derived from long-chain carboxylic acids. Because of its environmental friendliness, large-scale production, and cost-effectiveness, biodiesel is herein proposed as a green solvent for liquid-liquid microextraction. Its potential has been demonstrated through the extraction of model analytes, with varying polarities through analytical measurements performed by smartphone-based digital images. Partition coefficients biodiesel/water (log P) were –0.45 (pH 2.0) for crystal violet, –1.3 (pH 7.0) for bromocresol green, 1.05 for PAN, 3.48 for Cu(II)-PAN complex, and 2.14 for quercetin. Biodiesel was effective in extracting nonpolar species, with extraction efficiencies of 90 % for PAN, 99 % for quercetin and Cu(II)-PAN complex. Efficiency of extraction of the Cu(II)-PAN complex increased in the following order: chloroform, ethyl acetate, and biodiesel, and the highest recoveries were achieved with biodiesel as solvent. Only slightly variations in the extraction efficiency was observed from biodiesel produced from different feedstock. Biodiesel was also efficient for extraction of the ion-pairs from anionic surfactants and methylene blue, with the perspective of replacing chloroform in this classical method. The results showed that biodiesel is an efficient alternative solvent to replace typical toxic solvents, with greenness demonstrated through the Green Star and AGREE metrics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143518978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of synthetic cathinones from biological samples: A systematic review","authors":"Mengjie Gu,&nbsp;Shutong Xue,&nbsp;Menghan Hou,&nbsp;Xiantao Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Analysis of biological samples containing synthetic cathinones has become a significant area of interest for researchers in recent years, because synthetic cathinones can cause adverse reactions such as delusions and hallucinations. Generally, the intricate nature of the sample matrix and exceedingly low drug concentration in biological samples present significant challenges for the determination of target substances. Accordingly, scientists were dedicated to the advancement of effective sample preparation techniques to address these difficulties. However, the current reviews involved in synthetic cathinones all focused on detection methods. A systematic review focusing on sample preparation for the quantification of synthetic cathinones is still lacking. In light of that, this paper reviewed the most commonly used sample preparation techniques for synthetic cathinones. Recent advances in sample preparation techniques for synthetic cathinones in different biological samples such as blood, urine, oral fluid and hair samples were discussed. In addition, we prospected the challenges and the future perspectives of biological sample preparation techniques for synthetic cathinones determination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Core-shell polymer microspheres with strong cation-exchange character for the extraction of basic pharmaceuticals from aqueous samples","authors":"Alberto Moral ,&nbsp;Alan Corrigan ,&nbsp;Francesc Borrull ,&nbsp;Peter A.G. Cormack ,&nbsp;Núria Fontanals ,&nbsp;Rosa Maria Marcé","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of core-shell materials as packing materials for liquid chromatography columns is common in analytical chemistry, however their use as sorbents in solid-phase extraction (SPE) is surprisingly underexplored. In the present study, core-shell polymer microspheres with strong cation-exchange character were designed and synthesized. These new materials benefit from having hypercrosslinked and relatively thin functional shells, which raises the specific surface areas and sorption capacities of the sorbents and allows for relatively shorter diffusion path lengths for analytes.</div><div>The core-shell polymer microspheres were evaluated as SPE sorbents for the extraction of basic pharmaceuticals from environmental water samples. Following optimization of the pH and volume of the loading solution, as well as optimization of the loading step, the SPE method was validated in terms of apparent and relative recoveries, matrix effect, limits of detection and quantification and precision. The method yielded very promising results in terms of apparent recoveries (&gt;39 %) and matrix effect (&lt;±29 %) and was applied successfully to the determination of basic pharmaceuticals in environmental water samples (river water, effluent wastewater and influent wastewater).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A miniaturized QuEChERS-DLLME method for simultaneous determination of acetamide, acrylamide, and glycidamide in infant formula using GC–MS","authors":"J.A. Custodio-Mendoza ,&nbsp;M.P. España Fariñas ,&nbsp;A.M. Ares-Fuentes ,&nbsp;M.A. Kurek ,&nbsp;A.M. Carro Díaz","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infant formula is the only food product suitable for infants during the first months of life. Therefore, evaluating food contaminants is essential for ensuring infant food safety. We developed a miniaturized QuEChERS (µ-QuEChERS) method combined with Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (DLLME) to detect acrylamide, glycidamide, and acetamide in IF simultaneously. Several parameters were optimized, including sample size, extraction solvent, clean-up sorbent type, and amount, among others, using an asymmetrical factorial design. The method also incorporated xanthydrol derivatization under light-protected, acidic conditions within the DLLME process, improving selectivity and enrichment.</div><div>The µ-QuEChERS-DLLME method was validated according to FDA guidelines, demonstrating high selectivity, specificity, and excellent linearity (<em>r</em>² ≥ 0.9995). Recovery rates ranged from 91.0 % to 110.1 %, with precision (RSD ≤ 9.1 %). The method's sustainability was evaluated using the AGREEprep tool. It was applied to analyze acrylamide, glycidamide, and acetamide in 8 infant formula samples. Acetamide was quantifiable in one sample (230 ng/g), while acrylamide levels ranged from below the quantification limit to 50 ng/g, consistent with previous studies. This demonstrates the method's robustness for amide analysis in infant formula.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100141"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142721808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microextraction by packed sorbent: Introducing a novel hybrid silica-based chitosan-graphene oxide biosorbent for the evaluation of pesticides and antibiotics in food matrices","authors":"Rafael O. Martins,&nbsp;Fernando M. Lanças","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100134","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100134","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study introduces a novel silica-graphene oxide@chitosan (SiGO@CS) material as a packed biosorbent for microextraction by packed sorbent (MEPS), followed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis of pesticides (atrazine and thiamethoxam) and antibiotics (ceftiofur and sulfonamide) in food samples. The graphene-based aerogel was modified with varying percentages of silica-graphene oxide/chitosan (w/w) and characterized to confirm successful chitosan incorporation. Optimization of the MEPS protocol, using 2^4–1 and 2³ experimental designs, identified draw/eject and washing cycles as the most influential parameters for extraction efficiency. The SiGO@CS biosorbent with 80 % CS/SiGO (w/w) exhibited superior extraction efficiency compared to other ratios and commercial sorbents. The method demonstrated excellent linearity for all analytes (R² &gt; 0.9900), with low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) ranging from 0.020 to 0.045 µg <span>l</span>^-1 and 0.045 to 1.0 µg <span>l</span>^-1 for pesticides, respectively, and 5 to 15 µg <span>l</span>^-1 and 15 to 20 µg <span>l</span>^-1 for antibiotics, respectively. Trueness values were within 82 % to 109 %. The method's green credentials were confirmed using AGREEprep and the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) approach, highlighting sorbent reusability (over 15 times) and rapid analytical throughput (5 min per sample) with low use of pre-treated sample extract volume (500 µL). The application to local corn, tomato, and milk samples confirmed the detection and quantification of thiamethoxam and atrazine at concentrations above the recommended ingestion per day for one sample of tomato and corn out of the three samples analyzed. Furthermore, using the novel SiGO@CS biosorbent in the MEPS protocol offers a green, high-performance analytical alternative to traditional sorbent phases, with the potential for evaluating trace levels of pesticides and antibiotics in food matrices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100134"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determination of steroid hormones in sea urchins by microwave-assisted extraction and ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry","authors":"Irene Rodríguez-de Cos ,&nbsp;Raibel Núñez-González ,&nbsp;Rayco Guedes-Alonso ,&nbsp;Sarah Piaugeard ,&nbsp;María Esther Torres-Padrón ,&nbsp;José Juan Castro-Hernández ,&nbsp;Zoraida Sosa-Ferrera ,&nbsp;José Juan Santana-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine pollution poses significant threats to ecosystems by contaminating habitats and degrading marine life. This involves the need to develop efficient methodologies to evaluate the compounds that affect marine organisms, such as steroid hormones. The study of the presence of these compounds in marine organisms like sea urchins is very interesting given their role as bioindicators because they feed on algae and are constantly in contact with sediments. Given the low concentrations of steroid hormones in marine environments, it is necessary to develop extraction procedures that allow these pollutants to be extracted and preconcentrated before chemical analyses. Of all the extraction methods, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) has been used for its many advantages compared to traditional extraction techniques, such as easy sample handling or scarce organic solvents use, and for providing very selective extractions. This study presents the novel MAE optimisation for the extraction of 15 hormones, including five oestrogens, three androgens, four progestogens and three glucocorticoids from sea urchin tissues. The extracted hormones were subsequently determined by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this approach has not been previously developed. To perform extraction optimisation, different variables were studied following factorial experimental designs. The optimised extraction method showed very appropriate analytical parameters, with limits of detection between 0.21 and 20.4 ng·g^-1 for the four families of studied steroid hormones, and recovery extractions over 60 % for most target compounds. After optimisation, the analytical methodology was applied to samples of three different sea urchins species (<em>Arbacia lixula, Paracentrotus lividus, Sphaerechinus granularis</em>) caught in different locations around the Gran Canaria island (Canary Islands, Spain). The results showed the great applicability of the optimised methodology and two target hormones, boldenone and prednisolone, which were quantified in different samples and locations. This indicates the potential of sea urchins as bioindicators of the health of marine ecosystems and of anthropogenic contamination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One step derivatization and switchable hydrophilicity solvent-based microextraction for the determination of adamantane analogues in human urine by HPLC-FLD","authors":"Marianna Ntorkou ,&nbsp;Paraskevas D. Tzanavaras ,&nbsp;Constantinos K. Zacharis","doi":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sampre.2024.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study describes an “one-step” derivatization and microextraction using a pH-switchable hydrophilicity solvent for the determination of amantadine and memantine in human urine by liquid chromatography and fluorescence detection. The procedure is based on the derivatization of the analytes with <em>o</em>-phthalaldehyde/<em>N</em>-acetyl cysteine at alkaline conditions in the presence of sodium salicylate as extractant in a homogeneous solution. The liquid-solid transition of salicylic acid was achieved by adding an aliquot of concentrated phosphoric acid that enables efficient dispersion and phase separation in a single step. Due to the moderate melting point of salicylic acid, its solidification is carried out at room temperature without the need for sample cooling. Critical parameters affecting the efficiency of the derivatization reaction and the microextraction performance were investigated and optimized. The fluorescent analyte derivatives were monitored at <em>λ</em>_ex/<em>λ</em>_em = 340/450 nm. The proposed method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, precision and trueness. The method was linear in the range of 50–2000 ng mL⁻¹ while the intraday and between days precision was less than 13.7% in all cases. The trueness of the method ranged between 87.9 and 113%. The green character and the applicability of the method were assessed using ComplexMoGAPI and BAGI tools. The developed analytical scheme presented satisfactory performance, and it could be applied in the analysis of selected drugs in human urine samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100052,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Sample Preparation","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142702241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}