Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus最新文献

“There's a lot of factors”: Researcher reflections on using I-poetry to empathetically understand vaccine hesitant individuals "因素很多"：研究人员对使用 I- 诗歌以感同身受的方式理解疫苗接种犹豫者的思考

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100100

Bryce Van Vleet M.S. , Heather R. Fuller Ph.D. , Andrea Huseth-Zosel Ph.D.

Background

Despite higher vaccination rates compared to other age groups, many US older adults remain under-vaccinated against preventable diseases leading to increased risk of serious illness, hospitalization, or death posed from disease. This study investigates the underlying reasons for older adults not getting vaccinated.

Methods

From a larger interview study conducted in North Dakota, eight older adults (Mean Age = 73) were identified as being vaccine hesitant. Participants were asked, “How do you decide about whether or not to get a specific vaccine?” Then, participants' responses were analyzed using the I-poetry qualitative methodology, which involves creating a poem from interview transcripts to capture the essence of participants' experiences.

Results

Poetic findings clarify interacting sources of immunization unease and highlight potential intervention avenues for medical professionals. Specifically, the poetic analysis revealed themes of mistrust in the healthcare system, preference for natural immunity, and concerns about vaccine side effects. The study suggests that healthcare professionals should consider using empathetic communication strategies to address vaccine hesitancy in older adults.

Conclusions

Understanding vaccine hesitancy as a tapestry instead of individual factors may be more useful for older adults who culminate their hesitant beliefs from prior life experiences. Additionally, to improve trust in healthcare providers, it is suggested that more first-person narratives of older adult experiences are used and solicited by healthcare providers. Possible interventions are discussed.

背景尽管与其他年龄组相比，美国老年人的疫苗接种率较高，但许多老年人对可预防疾病的疫苗接种仍然不足，导致他们患重病、住院或因病死亡的风险增加。本研究调查了老年人不接种疫苗的根本原因。方法在北达科他州进行的一项规模较大的访谈研究中，8 名老年人（平均年龄 = 73 岁）被确认为疫苗接种犹豫不决者。参与者被问到："您如何决定是否接种特定疫苗？然后，使用 I-poetry 定性分析方法对参与者的回答进行分析，该方法包括从访谈记录中创作一首诗，以捕捉参与者经历的精髓。结果诗歌研究结果澄清了免疫接种不安的互动来源，并强调了医疗专业人员的潜在干预途径。具体来说，诗歌分析揭示了对医疗系统的不信任、对自然免疫的偏好以及对疫苗副作用的担忧等主题。研究表明，医疗保健专业人员应考虑使用移情沟通策略来解决老年人的疫苗犹豫不决问题。结论将疫苗犹豫不决理解为一种织锦，而不是个别因素，可能对那些从以前的生活经历中总结出犹豫信念的老年人更有用。此外，为了提高对医疗服务提供者的信任，建议医疗服务提供者使用和征求更多老年人的第一人称叙述。本文还讨论了可能的干预措施。

{"title":"“There's a lot of factors”: Researcher reflections on using I-poetry to empathetically understand vaccine hesitant individuals","authors":"Bryce Van Vleet M.S. , Heather R. Fuller Ph.D. , Andrea Huseth-Zosel Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite higher vaccination rates compared to other age groups, many US older adults remain under-vaccinated against preventable diseases leading to increased risk of serious illness, hospitalization, or death posed from disease. This study investigates the underlying reasons for older adults not getting vaccinated.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>From a larger interview study conducted in North Dakota, eight older adults (Mean Age = 73) were identified as being vaccine hesitant. Participants were asked, “How do you decide about whether or not to get a specific vaccine?” Then, participants' responses were analyzed using the I-poetry qualitative methodology, which involves creating a poem from interview transcripts to capture the essence of participants' experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Poetic findings clarify interacting sources of immunization unease and highlight potential intervention avenues for medical professionals. Specifically, the poetic analysis revealed themes of mistrust in the healthcare system, preference for natural immunity, and concerns about vaccine side effects. The study suggests that healthcare professionals should consider using empathetic communication strategies to address vaccine hesitancy in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Understanding vaccine hesitancy as a tapestry instead of individual factors may be more useful for older adults who culminate their hesitant beliefs from prior life experiences. Additionally, to improve trust in healthcare providers, it is suggested that more first-person narratives of older adult experiences are used and solicited by healthcare providers. Possible interventions are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The link between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease – Brunei context 牙周炎与阿尔茨海默病之间的联系 - 文莱背景

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100097

Sarah Nabihah Mohamad Fadzli , Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal , Faiza Alam , Jacqueline Kamaluddin , Hanif Abdul Rahman

Aim

The study aims to explore the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease, focusing on the association and their potential impact on cognitive health.

Methods

A retrospective study was conducted utilizing data obtained from the Brunei Health Information Management System (Bru-HIMS). The research study examined the correlation between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease in individuals admitted to government healthcare settings between January 2014 and December 2023. Logistic regression and survival analysis were applied.

Results

After diagnosis of periodontitis, 81.6 %, 59.2 % and 40.8 % developed Alzheimer's disease after 1–3- and 5-years, respectively. Women (34.3 %) had significantly lower proportion of developing Alzheimer's disease after 5 years compared to men (46.3 %). Furthermore, those with history of tooth extraction has a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (Adjusted Hazard Ratio = 5.00; 95 % CI: 2.04, 12.28; p < 0.001).

Conclusion

The study highlights the importance of understanding periodontal health in Alzheimer's patients and suggests further research and targeted interventions to mitigate its impact on cognitive function.

目的本研究旨在探讨牙周炎与阿尔茨海默病之间的关系，重点关注两者之间的关联及其对认知健康的潜在影响。方法本研究利用从文莱卫生信息管理系统（Bru-HIMS）中获取的数据开展了一项回顾性研究。研究调查了2014年1月至2023年12月期间政府医疗机构收治的牙周炎患者与阿尔茨海默病之间的相关性。结果确诊牙周炎后，分别有 81.6%、59.2% 和 40.8%的人在 1-3 年和 5 年后患上阿尔茨海默病。与男性（46.3%）相比，女性（34.3%）5 年后罹患阿尔茨海默病的比例明显较低。此外，有拔牙史的人罹患阿尔茨海默病的风险较高（调整危险比 = 5.00; 95 % CI: 2.04, 12.28; p < 0.001）。

{"title":"The link between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease – Brunei context","authors":"Sarah Nabihah Mohamad Fadzli , Jagjit Singh Dhaliwal , Faiza Alam , Jacqueline Kamaluddin , Hanif Abdul Rahman","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>The study aims to explore the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease, focusing on the association and their potential impact on cognitive health.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted utilizing data obtained from the Brunei Health Information Management System (Bru-HIMS). The research study examined the correlation between periodontitis and Alzheimer's disease in individuals admitted to government healthcare settings between January 2014 and December 2023. Logistic regression and survival analysis were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After diagnosis of periodontitis, 81.6 %, 59.2 % and 40.8 % developed Alzheimer's disease after 1–3- and 5-years, respectively. Women (34.3 %) had significantly lower proportion of developing Alzheimer's disease after 5 years compared to men (46.3 %). Furthermore, those with history of tooth extraction has a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (Adjusted Hazard Ratio = 5.00; 95 % CI: 2.04, 12.28; <em>p</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study highlights the importance of understanding periodontal health in Alzheimer's patients and suggests further research and targeted interventions to mitigate its impact on cognitive function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100097"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spirituality, forgiveness and self-esteem throughout adulthood in France 法国成年期的精神、宽恕和自尊

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100098

Agli Océane , Bailly Nathalie , Cuervo-Lombard Christine-Vanessa

Purpose

It appears that spirituality, forgiveness, and self-esteem are important values which transcend human actions. This transversal study aims to observe spirituality, forgiveness, and self-esteem during aging.

Methods

A quantitative protocol was conducted with 206 participants divided into two groups: younger adults (M = 23.05 years old) and older people (M = 73.09 years old). Three tests measured spirituality, forgiveness and self-esteem.

Principal results

Results showed that older people have higher scores than younger adults in spirituality (peace dimension), forgiveness (transcendence and emotional factors) and self-esteem. Moreover, all dimensions of spirituality (peace, mean, faith) were correlated with the transcendence and emotional factors of forgiveness and with self-esteem during aging.

Major conclusion

It seems that with age, individuals have a better self-esteem linked to more pronounced spiritual needs (sense of peace, meaning of life, faith) and manage to forgive more unconditionally with less resentment than younger people.

目的精神、宽恕和自尊似乎是超越人类行为的重要价值观。本横向研究旨在观察老龄化过程中的灵性、宽恕和自尊。方法将 206 名参与者分为两组：年轻成年人（男 = 23.05 岁）和老年人（男 = 73.09 岁）。主要结果结果显示，老年人在灵性（和平维度）、宽恕（超越和情感因素）和自尊方面的得分高于年轻人。主要结论随着年龄的增长，个人的自尊似乎与更明显的精神需求（和平感、生命意义、信仰）有关，并且能够比年轻人更无条件地宽恕他人，怨恨更少。

{"title":"Spirituality, forgiveness and self-esteem throughout adulthood in France","authors":"Agli Océane , Bailly Nathalie , Cuervo-Lombard Christine-Vanessa","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>It appears that spirituality, forgiveness, and self-esteem are important values which transcend human actions. This transversal study aims to observe spirituality, forgiveness, and self-esteem during aging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A quantitative protocol was conducted with 206 participants divided into two groups: younger adults (M = 23.05 years old) and older people (M = 73.09 years old). Three tests measured spirituality, forgiveness and self-esteem.</div></div><div><h3>Principal results</h3><div>Results showed that older people have higher scores than younger adults in spirituality (peace dimension), forgiveness (transcendence and emotional factors) and self-esteem. Moreover, all dimensions of spirituality (peace, mean, faith) were correlated with the transcendence and emotional factors of forgiveness and with self-esteem during aging.</div></div><div><h3>Major conclusion</h3><div>It seems that with age, individuals have a better self-esteem linked to more pronounced spiritual needs (sense of peace, meaning of life, faith) and manage to forgive more unconditionally with less resentment than younger people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100098"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The state of lipid metabolism in patients with diabetic nephropathy 糖尿病肾病患者的脂质代谢状况

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100095

Lola Daminova MD, PhD, DSc , Sitorakhon Muminova PhD , Bakhodir Nigmonov PhD

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate the state of lipid metabolism in patients with diabetic nephropathy.

Methods

In this open label, randomised, prospective study. The study included 120 patients with type 2 diabetes, whose average age was 58.79 ± 1.27 years. In general, the average diabetes experience was 7 ± 3.16 years, HbA1C-9.3 ± 1.82 %, BMI-28.05 ± 3.45. Non-HDL cholesterol levels were calculated (non-HDL cholesterol = total cholesterol - HDL).

Results

As a result of the analysis, a negative relationship of moderate strength was revealed between eGFRcr levels in the blood of TCh (r = -0.32; p < 0.01), triglycerides (r = -0.51; p < 0.018), non-HDL (r = –0.44; p < 0.01) and weak positive association with HDL (r = 0.28; p = 0.01). Negative relationships were also established between the A/Cr index and the blood level of TCh (r = -0.37; p < 0.01), triglycerides (r = –0.42; p < 0.01), non-HDL (r = – 0.35; p < 0.01)/

Conclusion

Therefore, in patients with type 2 diabetes, it is advisable to determine the level of TG in the blood even with reference or slightly elevated levels of TG and non-HDL to predict DN.

目的：本研究旨在评估糖尿病肾病患者的脂质代谢状况。方法：本研究为开放标签、随机、前瞻性研究。研究纳入了 120 名 2 型糖尿病患者，他们的平均年龄为 58.79 ± 1.27 岁。一般来说，患者平均患糖尿病 7 ± 3.16 年，HbA1C-9.3 ± 1.82 %，BMI-28.05 ± 3.45。计算了非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇 = 总胆固醇 - 高密度脂蛋白）。32; p < 0.01）、甘油三酯（r = -0.51; p < 0.018）、非高密度脂蛋白（r = -0.44; p < 0.01）之间呈中度负相关，而与高密度脂蛋白（r = 0.28; p = 0.01）之间呈弱正相关。此外，A/Cr 指数与血液中的胆固醇（r = -0.37；p <；0.01）、甘油三酯（r = -0.42；p <；0.01）、非高密度脂蛋白（r = -0.35；p <；0.01）/结论因此，对于 2 型糖尿病患者，即使血液中的胆固醇和非高密度脂蛋白水平为参考值或略有升高，也最好测定其血液中的胆固醇水平，以预测 DN。

{"title":"The state of lipid metabolism in patients with diabetic nephropathy","authors":"Lola Daminova MD, PhD, DSc , Sitorakhon Muminova PhD , Bakhodir Nigmonov PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the state of lipid metabolism in patients with diabetic nephropathy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this open label, randomised, prospective study. The study included 120 patients with type 2 diabetes, whose average age was 58.79 ± 1.27 years. In general, the average diabetes experience was 7 ± 3.16 years, HbA1C-9.3 ± 1.82 %, BMI-28.05 ± 3.45. Non-HDL cholesterol levels were calculated (non-HDL cholesterol = total cholesterol - HDL).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>As a result of the analysis, a negative relationship of moderate strength was revealed between eGFRcr levels in the blood of TCh (<em>r</em> = -0.32; <em>p</em> < 0.01), triglycerides (<em>r</em> = -0.51; <em>p</em> < 0.018), non-HDL (<em>r</em> = –0.44; <em>p</em> < 0.01) and weak positive association with HDL (<em>r</em> = 0.28; <em>p</em> = 0.01). Negative relationships were also established between the A/Cr index and the blood level of TCh (<em>r</em> = -0.37; <em>p</em> < 0.01), triglycerides (<em>r</em> = –0.42; <em>p</em> < 0.01), non-HDL (<em>r</em> = – 0.35; <em>p</em> < 0.01)/</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Therefore, in patients with type 2 diabetes, it is advisable to determine the level of TG in the blood even with reference or slightly elevated levels of TG and non-HDL to predict DN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100095"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between atrial fibrillation and periodontal disease: A bioinformatics analysis 心房颤动与牙周病之间的关系：生物信息学分析

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100093

Takahiro Kamihara , Yoshihiro Kugimiya , Takuya Omura , Shinji Kaneko , Ken Tanaka , Akihiro Hirashiki , Manabu Kokubo , Atsuya Shimizu

Introduction

Atrial fibrillation (AF), which is an aging disease, and periodontal disease (PD) are prevalent, and AF and PD may be associated with each other. Inflammation plays a role in the two pathologies. However, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms associated with these conditions.

Methods

A bioinformatics analysis was performed to compare gene expression profiles in the blood and left atrial tissue samples of patients with AF and in the blood samples of patients with PD. Our analysis involved comparing gene expression profiles between patients with AF, those with sinus rhythm, and individuals with and without PD. This comparative approach enabled us to identify upregulated genes in both the AF and PD cohorts.

Results

The expression of 40 genes was upregulated in patients with AF and PD, with a significant enrichment for genes associated with inflammation. Notably, a network analysis revealed distinct functional associations among these genes. Interestingly, the expressions of three lysosome-related genes in all analyzed tissues (AF blood, PD blood, and AF left atrium) were upregulated.

Conclusion

Inflammation played a role in AF and PD. Further, based on the upregulated expression of lysosome-related genes across all samples that were evaluated, in addition to inflammation, lysosomal function had a possible role in the co-existence of the two diseases.

导言心房颤动（房颤）是一种老年性疾病，而牙周病（牙周病）则是一种流行病，房颤和牙周病可能相互关联。炎症在这两种病症中都起到了一定的作用。我们进行了一项生物信息学分析，以比较房颤患者血液和左心房组织样本中的基因表达谱和牙周病患者血液样本中的基因表达谱。我们的分析包括比较房颤患者、窦性心律患者以及有和没有帕金森病的个体之间的基因表达谱。结果40个基因的表达在心房颤动和帕金森病患者中上调，其中与炎症相关的基因显著富集。值得注意的是，网络分析显示这些基因之间存在不同的功能关联。有趣的是，三个溶酶体相关基因在所有分析组织（房颤血液、帕金森病血液和房颤左心房）中的表达均上调。此外，根据所有评估样本中溶酶体相关基因的上调表达，除炎症外，溶酶体功能也可能在这两种疾病的并存中发挥作用。

{"title":"Association between atrial fibrillation and periodontal disease: A bioinformatics analysis","authors":"Takahiro Kamihara , Yoshihiro Kugimiya , Takuya Omura , Shinji Kaneko , Ken Tanaka , Akihiro Hirashiki , Manabu Kokubo , Atsuya Shimizu","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Atrial fibrillation (AF), which is an aging disease, and periodontal disease (PD) are prevalent, and AF and PD may be associated with each other. Inflammation plays a role in the two pathologies. However, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms associated with these conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A bioinformatics analysis was performed to compare gene expression profiles in the blood and left atrial tissue samples of patients with AF and in the blood samples of patients with PD. Our analysis involved comparing gene expression profiles between patients with AF, those with sinus rhythm, and individuals with and without PD. This comparative approach enabled us to identify upregulated genes in both the AF and PD cohorts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of 40 genes was upregulated in patients with AF and PD, with a significant enrichment for genes associated with inflammation. Notably, a network analysis revealed distinct functional associations among these genes. Interestingly, the expressions of three lysosome-related genes in all analyzed tissues (AF blood, PD blood, and AF left atrium) were upregulated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Inflammation played a role in AF and PD. Further, based on the upregulated expression of lysosome-related genes across all samples that were evaluated, in addition to inflammation, lysosomal function had a possible role in the co-existence of the two diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Association between the type of dental prosthesis and the masticatory performance of institutionalized patients: A cross-sectional study. 牙科修复体类型与住院病人咀嚼能力之间的关系：一项横断面研究。

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100094

Antonia Christina Samiou , Maria Kokoti , Theodora Slini , Vassiliki Anastassiadou , Bernd Kordaß , Athina Bakopoulou

This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the chewing ability of 97 institutionalized older adults and its relevance to their status of dentition and type of prosthetic rehabilitation. The participants were categorized according to their dental status. The chewing ability was determined by semi-quantitative evaluation of a colour-changeable chewing gum and by recording the personal perception of the participants on a similar scale. The colorimetric means of the participants was significantly lower than the perception means. One-third of the participants had at least one jaw restored with complete dentures, while 17% were restored with tooth-supported or implant-supported fixed partial dentures. Based on the colorimetric method, edentulous participants displayed significantly lower chewing performance compared to all other groups. Additionally, participants with at least one complete denture exhibited weaker chewing function than those with natural teeth or fixed partial dentures. The age and sex of the participants had no further impact on the results. As the institutionalized elderly seem to overestimate their chewing efficiency, the colour changeable chewing gum could be used in nursing homes, as a simple method to determine their real masticatory function status and improve their dental care.

这项横断面研究旨在确定 97 名住在养老院的老年人的咀嚼能力及其与牙齿状况和修复类型的相关性。根据牙齿状况对参与者进行了分类。咀嚼能力是通过对变色口香糖进行半定量评估，并在类似的量表上记录参与者的个人感知来确定的。参试者的色度平均值明显低于感知平均值。三分之一的参与者至少有一个下颌修复了全口义齿，17%的参与者修复了牙齿支持或种植支持的固定局部义齿。根据比色法，无牙参与者的咀嚼能力明显低于所有其他组别。此外，至少装有一颗全口义齿的参与者的咀嚼功能也弱于装有天然牙或固定局部义齿的参与者。参与者的年龄和性别对结果没有进一步影响。由于养老院的老人似乎高估了自己的咀嚼效率，因此可变色口香糖可用于养老院，作为一种简单的方法来确定他们的真实咀嚼功能状况，并改善他们的牙齿护理。

{"title":"Association between the type of dental prosthesis and the masticatory performance of institutionalized patients: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Antonia Christina Samiou , Maria Kokoti , Theodora Slini , Vassiliki Anastassiadou , Bernd Kordaß , Athina Bakopoulou","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the chewing ability of 97 institutionalized older adults and its relevance to their status of dentition and type of prosthetic rehabilitation. The participants were categorized according to their dental status. The chewing ability was determined by semi-quantitative evaluation of a colour-changeable chewing gum and by recording the personal perception of the participants on a similar scale. The colorimetric means of the participants was significantly lower than the perception means. One-third of the participants had at least one jaw restored with complete dentures, while 17% were restored with tooth-supported or implant-supported fixed partial dentures. Based on the colorimetric method, edentulous participants displayed significantly lower chewing performance compared to all other groups. Additionally, participants with at least one complete denture exhibited weaker chewing function than those with natural teeth or fixed partial dentures<strong>.</strong> The age and sex of the participants had no further impact on the results. As the institutionalized elderly seem to overestimate their chewing efficiency, the colour changeable chewing gum could be used in nursing homes, as a simple method to determine their real masticatory function status and improve their dental care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100094"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of a medication status check sheet to identify patients with poor understanding of their medications: A multicenter study in Japan 开发药物状态检查表，识别对药物理解不清的患者：日本多中心研究

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100092

Tomoya Obara , Ryota Kumaki , Hiroshi Shinonaga , Yasushi Takai , Keiichiro Higashi , Maho Tatsumi , Hiroko Otsubo , Makoto Akao , Koji Muto , Akie Yamaguchi , Yoshitomo Shimazaki , Keiko Kishimoto

Background

One of the causes of polypharmacy is aimless medication use due to poor understanding of medications. However, some patients do not adequately understand the indication for medications and adverse effects of polypharmacy. This study aimed to develop a screening tool, the medication status check (MSC), to identify patients with poor understanding of their medications to reduce aimless medication use in Japan.

Methods

This multicenter, prospective, observational study was conducted in nine hospitals in Japan. Inpatients aged ≥75 years were surveyed between September 2023 and March 2024. A chi-squared test was conducted to determine the relationship of the 19 MSC draft items with poor and good understanding of medications. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was then performed using significant questions (i.e., those with a P-value of <0.05), and cut-off values were obtained.

Results

Overall, 3 items, comprising 2 of the draft MSC questions and the use of ≥5 medications, were designated as the MSC-3. The area under the ROC curve was 0.686 (95 % confidence interval: 0.582–0.778, P < 0.001), indicating that the MSC-3 was useful as a screening tool. When at least one of the MSC-3 items was met, this approach resulted in a sensitivity of 93.1 % and specificity of 21.7 % in identifying the need for polypharmacy intervention.

Conclusions

Use of the MSC-3 will enable pharmacists to intervene at an early stage, potentially contributing to a reduction in the incidence of polypharmacy.

背景造成多种药物滥用的原因之一是由于对药物缺乏了解而漫无目的地用药。然而，有些患者并不充分了解药物的适应症和多种药物的不良反应。本研究旨在开发一种筛查工具--药物状态检查（MSC），以识别对药物理解不充分的患者，从而减少日本的无目的用药。在 2023 年 9 月至 2024 年 3 月期间，对年龄≥75 岁的住院患者进行了调查。通过卡方检验确定了 19 个 MSC 草案项目与药物理解差和药物理解好之间的关系。结果总体而言，由 2 个 MSC 草案问题和使用≥5 种药物组成的 3 个项目被指定为 MSC-3。ROC 曲线下的面积为 0.686（95 % 置信区间：0.582-0.778，P < 0.001），表明 MSC-3 作为筛查工具是有用的。结论使用 MSC-3 可以让药剂师在早期阶段进行干预，从而降低多药滥用的发生率。

{"title":"Development of a medication status check sheet to identify patients with poor understanding of their medications: A multicenter study in Japan","authors":"Tomoya Obara , Ryota Kumaki , Hiroshi Shinonaga , Yasushi Takai , Keiichiro Higashi , Maho Tatsumi , Hiroko Otsubo , Makoto Akao , Koji Muto , Akie Yamaguchi , Yoshitomo Shimazaki , Keiko Kishimoto","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One of the causes of polypharmacy is aimless medication use due to poor understanding of medications. However, some patients do not adequately understand the indication for medications and adverse effects of polypharmacy. This study aimed to develop a screening tool, the medication status check (MSC), to identify patients with poor understanding of their medications to reduce aimless medication use in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This multicenter, prospective, observational study was conducted in nine hospitals in Japan. Inpatients aged ≥75 years were surveyed between September 2023 and March 2024. A chi-squared test was conducted to determine the relationship of the 19 MSC draft items with poor and good understanding of medications. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was then performed using significant questions (i.e., those with a <em>P</em>-value of <0.05), and cut-off values were obtained.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overall, 3 items, comprising 2 of the draft MSC questions and the use of ≥5 medications, were designated as the MSC-3. The area under the ROC curve was 0.686 (95 % confidence interval: 0.582–0.778, <em>P</em> < 0.001), indicating that the MSC-3 was useful as a screening tool. When at least one of the MSC-3 items was met, this approach resulted in a sensitivity of 93.1 % and specificity of 21.7 % in identifying the need for polypharmacy intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Use of the MSC-3 will enable pharmacists to intervene at an early stage, potentially contributing to a reduction in the incidence of polypharmacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100092"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the social health of the elderly in Tehran: Challenges and strategic solutions 评估德黑兰老年人的社会健康状况：挑战和战略解决方案

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100091

Maryam koosha , Amir Lalegani

Background

With the increasing elderly population, understanding their social health is critical to improving their quality of life. This study aims to comprehensively assess the social health of elderly individuals in Tehran, focusing on the specific challenges they face and their needs.

Methods

A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 12 elderly participants. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify and analyze key social health issues at the individual, family, and community levels.

Results

The study identified several significant challenges for the elderly, including gender-based neglect, lack of empowerment, social isolation, financial difficulties, issues with respect, generational conflicts, perceived injustice, cultural gaps, and a scarcity of elderly-friendly spaces. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved social support and services, enhanced psychological support, and the development of urban spaces that accommodate the elderly.

Conclusions

Addressing these challenges necessitates a multifaceted approach, including the establishment of social and cultural centers, implementation of social support programs, increased awareness and education, and provision of financial assistance. By tackling these issues, policymakers and social managers can devise more effective programs and policies to enhance the social health and quality of life for the elderly in Tehran. Future research should explore cultural factors, regional differences, and the impact of socio-economic changes on the social health of the elderly.

背景随着老年人口的不断增加，了解他们的社会健康状况对于提高他们的生活质量至关重要。本研究旨在全面评估德黑兰老年人的社会健康状况，重点关注他们面临的具体挑战及其需求。研究采用定性方法，对 12 名老年人进行了半结构化访谈。研究发现了老年人面临的几个重大挑战，包括基于性别的忽视、缺乏赋权、社会孤立、经济困难、尊重问题、代际冲突、感知到的不公正、文化差距以及缺乏关爱老年人的空间。这些调查结果表明，迫切需要改善社会支持和服务，加强心理支持，并开发适合老年人的城市空间。结论应对这些挑战需要采取多方面的方法，包括建立社会和文化中心，实施社会支持计划，加强宣传和教育，以及提供经济援助。通过解决这些问题，政策制定者和社会管理者可以制定出更有效的计划和政策，以提高德黑兰老年人的社会健康水平和生活质量。未来的研究应探讨文化因素、地区差异以及社会经济变化对老年人社会健康的影响。

{"title":"Assessing the social health of the elderly in Tehran: Challenges and strategic solutions","authors":"Maryam koosha , Amir Lalegani","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>With the increasing elderly population, understanding their social health is critical to improving their quality of life. This study aims to comprehensively assess the social health of elderly individuals in Tehran, focusing on the specific challenges they face and their needs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative approach was employed, utilizing semi-structured interviews with 12 elderly participants. Thematic analysis was conducted to identify and analyze key social health issues at the individual, family, and community levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study identified several significant challenges for the elderly, including gender-based neglect, lack of empowerment, social isolation, financial difficulties, issues with respect, generational conflicts, perceived injustice, cultural gaps, and a scarcity of elderly-friendly spaces. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved social support and services, enhanced psychological support, and the development of urban spaces that accommodate the elderly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Addressing these challenges necessitates a multifaceted approach, including the establishment of social and cultural centers, implementation of social support programs, increased awareness and education, and provision of financial assistance. By tackling these issues, policymakers and social managers can devise more effective programs and policies to enhance the social health and quality of life for the elderly in Tehran. Future research should explore cultural factors, regional differences, and the impact of socio-economic changes on the social health of the elderly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100091"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Concordance, reproducibility, and usability of a Brazilian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire in electronic format (Appsheet) to screen cognitive impairment in older women 用于筛查老年妇女认知障碍的巴西版蒙特利尔认知评估（MoCA）电子格式问卷（Appsheet）的一致性、再现性和可用性

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100088

Geovanna de Paula Martins de Souza , Jéssica Naveca De Abreu , Rômulo de Oliveira Sena , Andreza dos Santos Silva , Jean Carlos Constantino Silva , Walbert Menezes Bitar , Marília Leite dos Santos Silva , Leandro Augusto Pereira de Souza , Ewertton de Souza Bezerra

Objective

To analyze the agreement between instrument versions (paper vs. digital) of the MONTREAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT (MoCA), and evaluate the reproducibility and usability of the electronic instrument.

Methods

A total of 118 community-dwelling older women, aged 60 to 79 years, participated in a two-stage data collection process. In the first stage, both the paper and digital versions of the MoCA were randomly administered. Two weeks later, a subset of the participants was randomly selected for a retest, performed only on the mobile phone. Data analysis included agreement coefficients, Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency, mean square differences, mean, and standard deviation to screen for mild cognitive impairment.

Results

The results revealed substantial agreement (CCC=0.777; p < 0.001) and moderate to high internal consistency (α = 0.736). High reproducibility was observed across different age ranges, 60 to 69 years (CCC=0.752; p < 0.001) and 70 to 79 years (CCC = 0.772; p < 0.001), and usability was rated as excellent (76.25).

Conclusion

These findings provide evidence that the electronic version of the MoCA (DS-MoCA) using a mobile phone is a valid alternative for cognitive assessment in older women.

方法共有 118 名居住在社区的 60 至 79 岁老年妇女参加了两个阶段的数据收集过程。在第一阶段，随机发放纸质版和电子版的 MoCA。两周后，随机抽取一部分参与者进行复测，复测只在手机上进行。数据分析包括一致系数、内部一致性 Cronbach's alpha、均方差、平均值和标准偏差，以筛查轻度认知障碍。在 60 至 69 岁（CCC=0.752；p <；0.001）和 70 至 79 岁（CCC=0.772；p <；0.001）这两个不同年龄段中观察到了较高的再现性，可用性被评为优秀（76.25）。

{"title":"Concordance, reproducibility, and usability of a Brazilian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) questionnaire in electronic format (Appsheet) to screen cognitive impairment in older women","authors":"Geovanna de Paula Martins de Souza , Jéssica Naveca De Abreu , Rômulo de Oliveira Sena , Andreza dos Santos Silva , Jean Carlos Constantino Silva , Walbert Menezes Bitar , Marília Leite dos Santos Silva , Leandro Augusto Pereira de Souza , Ewertton de Souza Bezerra","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the agreement between instrument versions (paper vs. digital) of the MONTREAL COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT (MoCA), and evaluate the reproducibility and usability of the electronic instrument.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 118 community-dwelling older women, aged 60 to 79 years, participated in a two-stage data collection process. In the first stage, both the paper and digital versions of the MoCA were randomly administered. Two weeks later, a subset of the participants was randomly selected for a retest, performed only on the mobile phone. Data analysis included agreement coefficients, Cronbach's alpha for internal consistency, mean square differences, mean, and standard deviation to screen for mild cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results revealed substantial agreement (CCC=0.777; <em>p</em> < 0.001) and moderate to high internal consistency (α = 0.736). High reproducibility was observed across different age ranges, 60 to 69 years (CCC=0.752; <em>p</em> < 0.001) and 70 to 79 years (CCC = 0.772; <em>p</em> < 0.001), and usability was rated as excellent (76.25).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide evidence that the electronic version of the MoCA (DS-MoCA) using a mobile phone is a valid alternative for cognitive assessment in older women.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142571588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Oxytocin for maintaining mental health in older adults 维持老年人心理健康的催产素

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100090

Ryuzo Orihashi PhD , Yoshito Mizoguchi MD, PhD

Oxytocin is recognized for its role in affection and child-rearing. However, it also plays an important role in maintaining social connections, such as deepening attachment to and trust in others and improving social cognition. Preventing social isolation may thus contribute to reducing the risk of developing dementia. The Kurokawa Study, which was conducted on community-dwelling older people, demonstrated a correlation between higher serum oxytocin levels in older adults and preserved memory and hippocampal volume seven years later. Interventional studies investigating the effects of intranasal administration of oxytocin in older adults are warranted to elucidate its role in memory preservation. Given oxytocin's diverse influence on cognitive function, its potential applications in psychiatric care for the older, such as dementia prevention, warrant further exploration.

催产素在亲情和养育子女方面的作用已得到公认。然而，催产素在维持社会联系方面也发挥着重要作用，如加深对他人的依恋和信任，以及提高社会认知能力。因此，防止社会隔离可能有助于降低患痴呆症的风险。黑川研究（Kurokawa Study）针对居住在社区的老年人进行了研究，结果表明，老年人血清催产素水平较高与七年后记忆力和海马体体积保持不变之间存在相关性。有必要对老年人鼻内注射催产素的效果进行干预性研究，以阐明催产素在记忆保持中的作用。鉴于催产素对认知功能的多种影响，其在老年人精神治疗（如痴呆症预防）中的潜在应用值得进一步探索。

引用次数: 0