Pub Date : 2024-10-18DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100089
Markus Svensson , Henrik Ekström , Sölve Elmståhl , Aldana Rosso
Background
Polypharmacy has been linked with social isolation and loneliness among older people. The roles of different medication groups to this association are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine associations of fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) and cardiovascular drugs with loneliness and social isolation.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 6714 adults aged 60 years and above living in southern Sweden. Participants were examined between 2001 and 2021. Associations of polypharmacy, FRIDs, and cardiovascular drugs with social isolation and loneliness were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models.
Results
FRIDs were associated with feelings of loneliness (OR, 2.00; 95 % CI, 1.75–2.29; P < 0.001). In contrast, polypharmacy (OR, 1.08; 95 % CI, 0.93–1.25; P = 0.34), and cardiovascular drugs (OR, 0.97; 95 % CI, 0.84–1.13; P = 0.71) were not associated with loneliness. Neither polypharmacy (OR, 1.17; 95 % CI, 0.99–1.38; P = 0.07), FRIDs (OR, 1.10; 95 % CI, 0.95–1.28; P = 0.20), nor cardiovascular drugs (OR, 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.81–1.14; P = 0.63) were associated with social isolation.
Conclusions
FRIDs, but neither polypharmacy nor cardiovascular drugs, were associated with loneliness. Findings may indicate that medication class, not simply the share number of medications, is important in terms of loneliness.
{"title":"Association of polypharmacy, fall-risk-increasing drugs, and cardiovascular drugs with loneliness and social isolation among older adults","authors":"Markus Svensson , Henrik Ekström , Sölve Elmståhl , Aldana Rosso","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Polypharmacy has been linked with social isolation and loneliness among older people. The roles of different medication groups to this association are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine associations of fall-risk-increasing drugs (FRIDs) and cardiovascular drugs with loneliness and social isolation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 6714 adults aged 60 years and above living in southern Sweden. Participants were examined between 2001 and 2021. Associations of polypharmacy, FRIDs, and cardiovascular drugs with social isolation and loneliness were estimated using multivariable logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FRIDs were associated with feelings of loneliness (OR, 2.00; 95 % CI, 1.75–2.29; <em>P</em> < 0.001). In contrast, polypharmacy (OR, 1.08; 95 % CI, 0.93–1.25; <em>P</em> = 0.34), and cardiovascular drugs (OR, 0.97; 95 % CI, 0.84–1.13; <em>P</em> = 0.71) were not associated with loneliness. Neither polypharmacy (OR, 1.17; 95 % CI, 0.99–1.38; <em>P</em> = 0.07), FRIDs (OR, 1.10; 95 % CI, 0.95–1.28; <em>P</em> = 0.20), nor cardiovascular drugs (OR, 0.96; 95 % CI, 0.81–1.14; <em>P</em> = 0.63) were associated with social isolation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>FRIDs, but neither polypharmacy nor cardiovascular drugs, were associated with loneliness. Findings may indicate that medication class, not simply the share number of medications, is important in terms of loneliness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100089"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100087
Victoria McArthur , Susan Everington , Martyn Patel
Introductio
Dementia is a global health priority, with an increasing percentage of overall hospital bed days occupied by people with dementia (PWD). This combined with increased demand and availability of complex scanning means that there is a need for all pathways including diagnostic imaging to consider interventions to improve patient experience and outcomes.
Objectives
Assess the effectiveness of music-based interventions designed to lower anxiety, improve wellbeing and allow better management and care of PWD in an acute hospital setting.
Methods
A systematic search of seven databases was conducted in May 2024, following the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant reviews and articles were also examined for additional sources.
Results
Fifteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review, which included a total of 581 people with dementia. The studies were of varying design, some with very small sample sizes. Quality of the studies varied, but overall were of moderate to good quality. However, only three studies were RCT and only one of these blinded to the intervention. Overall eleven of the included articles reported a reduction in behavioural and psychological symptoms associated with dementia, with one RCT reporting a significant reduction.
Conclusion
While this review supports the effectiveness of music-based interventions to lower anxiety of people with dementia in acute care it also highlights the need for more robust, high quality trials in a challenging environment. Research should establish the best interventions to enhance the care experience of people living with dementia that can be easily incorporated into acute care settings.
{"title":"Effectiveness of music-based interventions in acute care settings for people living with dementia to reduce anxiety and enhance the care experience: A systematic review.","authors":"Victoria McArthur , Susan Everington , Martyn Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100087","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introductio</h3><div>Dementia is a global health priority, with an increasing percentage of overall hospital bed days occupied by people with dementia (PWD). This combined with increased demand and availability of complex scanning means that there is a need for all pathways including diagnostic imaging to consider interventions to improve patient experience and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Assess the effectiveness of music-based interventions designed to lower anxiety, improve wellbeing and allow better management and care of PWD in an acute hospital setting.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of seven databases was conducted in May 2024, following the PRISMA guidelines. Relevant reviews and articles were also examined for additional sources.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Fifteen studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in this review, which included a total of 581 people with dementia. The studies were of varying design, some with very small sample sizes. Quality of the studies varied, but overall were of moderate to good quality. However, only three studies were RCT and only one of these blinded to the intervention. Overall eleven of the included articles reported a reduction in behavioural and psychological symptoms associated with dementia, with one RCT reporting a significant reduction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While this review supports the effectiveness of music-based interventions to lower anxiety of people with dementia in acute care it also highlights the need for more robust, high quality trials in a challenging environment. Research should establish the best interventions to enhance the care experience of people living with dementia that can be easily incorporated into acute care settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100082
Ruru Ping PhD
Health and social care systems often operate in silos and cannot meet the complex needs of older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Since 2016, China has been implementing an integrated care initiative in some cities. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of integrating health and social care in China on social care use among older adults with chronic conditions. Using panel data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (N = 5,259), I employed a difference-in-differences analysis to evaluate the effects of the integrated care initiative. The initiative reduced social care use by 4.5 percentage points, primarily through a decreased receipt of informal care rather than formal care. The reduction in social care use was primarily due to a delayed increase in care levels, rather than a substitution with outpatient or inpatient services. The integration of health and social care was found to delay the progression of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) by 8.8 percentage points but had no impact on activities of daily living (ADL). Heterogeneity analysis showed that the effects of the integrated care initiative on social care receipt and IADL limitation were weaker among those living in the Eastern region of China compared to other regions, indicating additional benefits of the initiative in mitigating geographical disparities. My findings suggest that integrating health and social care can effectively reduce the likelihood of older adults with chronic diseases receiving assistance for daily living tasks from family carers and delay the decline in their functional capabilities.
{"title":"Evaluating the impacts of integrating health and social care systems on social care use among older adults with chronic diseases in China","authors":"Ruru Ping PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Health and social care systems often operate in silos and cannot meet the complex needs of older adults with multiple chronic conditions. Since 2016, China has been implementing an integrated care initiative in some cities. This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of integrating health and social care in China on social care use among older adults with chronic conditions. Using panel data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (<em>N</em> = 5,259), I employed a difference-in-differences analysis to evaluate the effects of the integrated care initiative. The initiative reduced social care use by 4.5 percentage points, primarily through a decreased receipt of informal care rather than formal care. The reduction in social care use was primarily due to a delayed increase in care levels, rather than a substitution with outpatient or inpatient services. The integration of health and social care was found to delay the progression of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) by 8.8 percentage points but had no impact on activities of daily living (ADL). Heterogeneity analysis showed that the effects of the integrated care initiative on social care receipt and IADL limitation were weaker among those living in the Eastern region of China compared to other regions, indicating additional benefits of the initiative in mitigating geographical disparities. My findings suggest that integrating health and social care can effectively reduce the likelihood of older adults with chronic diseases receiving assistance for daily living tasks from family carers and delay the decline in their functional capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100082"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tooth loss is frequent among the Chilean population, particularly the poor and elderly. The Public's response is mostly via removable dentures (RDs), however there is limited evidence regarding its results.
Purpose
The objective of this descriptive ecological study is to monitor and characterize the production of RDs within Chile's Public Health System.
Material and methods
Public records were obtained from the Department of Statistics and Health Information of Chile (DEIS) website. All records regarding RDs activities within the Public Health System for years 2017 to 2019 were retrieved and included in the analysis.
Results
Between 2017 and 2019, the Public Health sector delivered an average of 342,261 RDs annually, which corresponds to 2.4 RD per 100 individuals. Overall, 70.3 % of beneficiaries were female, 63.2 % were for people between the ages of 20 to 64, and 35.3 % were for people aged 65 or older. Among RDs provided, 57 % were made at the primary level and 43 % at the secondary level of care. The program “More Smiles”, accounted for 52.3 % of primary healthcare RD delivery. At the secondary level, 14.9 % of RDs had metallic framework, while 85.1 % were acrylic. Older persons and males were more likely to receive acrylic RDs than their counterparts.
Conclusions
RDs are regularly supplied in Chile's Public Healthcare System, mainly through primary care. The characterization regarding programs, type of RDs, gender and age of the recipients, may guide future hypothesis regarding the adequateness of the response to address tooth loss at a population level. Further investigation into the impact on patient satisfaction and RD quality is recommended to enhance understanding in this domain.
Clinical implications
The study explores the scale and characteristics of removable prosthetic provision within Chile's Public Health System. This comprehensive overview enables the identification of areas requiring further attention to ensure the delivery of high-quality treatments and the efficient allocation of public resources.
{"title":"Rehabilitation with removable dentures in adults and older people with partial or total edentulism: Chilean Public Health System Experience, 2017–2019","authors":"Karen Danke DDS, MSc , Ingeborg Bevensee DDS , Ana Beatriz Silva DDS, MSc , Alicia Morales DDS, MSc , Gisela Jara DDs, MSc , Fabiola Werlinger MSc, PhD , Mauricio Baeza DDS, MSc, PhD , María Ignacia Muñoz DDS , Viviana García Ubillo MSc , Jorge Gamonal DDS, MSc, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Statement of problem</h3><div>Tooth loss is frequent among the Chilean population, particularly the poor and elderly. The Public's response is mostly via removable dentures (RDs), however there is limited evidence regarding its results.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>The objective of this descriptive ecological study is to monitor and characterize the production of RDs within Chile's Public Health System.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Public records were obtained from the Department of Statistics and Health Information of Chile (DEIS) website. All records regarding RDs activities within the Public Health System for years 2017 to 2019 were retrieved and included in the analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between 2017 and 2019, the Public Health sector delivered an average of 342,261 RDs annually, which corresponds to 2.4 RD per 100 individuals. Overall, 70.3 % of beneficiaries were female, 63.2 % were for people between the ages of 20 to 64, and 35.3 % were for people aged 65 or older. Among RDs provided, 57 % were made at the primary level and 43 % at the secondary level of care. The program “More Smiles”, accounted for 52.3 % of primary healthcare RD delivery. At the secondary level, 14.9 % of RDs had metallic framework, while 85.1 % were acrylic. Older persons and males were more likely to receive acrylic RDs than their counterparts.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RDs are regularly supplied in Chile's Public Healthcare System, mainly through primary care. The characterization regarding programs, type of RDs, gender and age of the recipients, may guide future hypothesis regarding the adequateness of the response to address tooth loss at a population level. Further investigation into the impact on patient satisfaction and RD quality is recommended to enhance understanding in this domain.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical implications</h3><div>The study explores the scale and characteristics of removable prosthetic provision within Chile's Public Health System. This comprehensive overview enables the identification of areas requiring further attention to ensure the delivery of high-quality treatments and the efficient allocation of public resources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100086
Kaori Hotta , Mina Ishimaru
Background
The aging population is projected to increase globally. Creating a system where the older population can play an active role in their communities and help each other is challenging. This qualitative study aimed to determine the meaning in volunteering activities and its influence on well-being as well as the relationship between them identified by community-based older volunteers through group volunteering activities.
Methods
This descriptive qualitative study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. We conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews of older adults aged >65 years (N = 12), who volunteered and routinely interacted with each other in their area of residence between February and March 2021.
Results
Relationships between the meaning of volunteering and well-being were identified by community-dwelling older volunteers. Volunteering was a part of their lives and they had acquired a role in the community, which influenced their self-care for health maintenance and positive enjoyment. A place to continuously learn from each other influenced positive enjoyment, self-acceptance, self-growth, and motivation to undertake new challenges. Forming a volunteer community where supporters and recipients helped each other and had positive relationships and identifying a place for oneself also had a positive impact and stimulated interactions that sparked motivation and joy.
Conclusions
The meaning in volunteering activities identified by older volunteers in the community had an impact on their well-being, including subjective and psychological well-being. A new finding of this study is the identification of these meanings, their impact on well-being, and the relationship between these meanings and well-being.
{"title":"The meaning in group volunteering and its influence on the well-being of community-dwelling older volunteers in Japan: A qualitative study","authors":"Kaori Hotta , Mina Ishimaru","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The aging population is projected to increase globally. Creating a system where the older population can play an active role in their communities and help each other is challenging. This qualitative study aimed to determine the meaning in volunteering activities and its influence on well-being as well as the relationship between them identified by community-based older volunteers through group volunteering activities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This descriptive qualitative study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. We conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews of older adults aged >65 years (<em>N</em> = 12), who volunteered and routinely interacted with each other in their area of residence between February and March 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Relationships between the meaning of volunteering and well-being were identified by community-dwelling older volunteers. Volunteering was a part of their lives and they had acquired a role in the community, which influenced their self-care for health maintenance and positive enjoyment. A place to continuously learn from each other influenced positive enjoyment, self-acceptance, self-growth, and motivation to undertake new challenges. Forming a volunteer community where supporters and recipients helped each other and had positive relationships and identifying a place for oneself also had a positive impact and stimulated interactions that sparked motivation and joy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The meaning in volunteering activities identified by older volunteers in the community had an impact on their well-being, including subjective and psychological well-being. A new finding of this study is the identification of these meanings, their impact on well-being, and the relationship between these meanings and well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100086"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142422962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aging population of the world is increasing. Aging leads to risks for frailty and other chronic diseases and health systems must focus more on prevention to guarantee healthy aging. The primary objective was to estimate the efficacy of the POSITIVE-(The Maintaining and imPrOving the intrinSIc capaciTy Involving Primary Care and caregiVErs) system in improving frailty during a 6-month follow-up period.
Method
A randomized controlled, assessor-blinded pilot study (RCT) with 50 individual < 70 years, pre-frail or frail was recruited from a primary care center in Stockholm Region. All participants received a drug review, nutritional recommendations, and a Vivifrail physical exercise program. In addition, the intervention group received POSITIVE including a tablet, an application, and portable measurement devices. The intervention group was monitored remotely by a primary care nurse at the primary health care centre during a six-month follow-up period.
Results
At baseline there was a significance between the groups regarding the FTS-5 scale, and significantly more obese participants in the intervention group. The drug reviews showed that three of 43 participants got a review and new diseases were discovered. The test of interactions showed a tendency for significant differences over time between the groups in frailty measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype's and FTS-5 scales.
Conclusion
Frailty status over time in the intervention group not differed significantly from the controls. Including individuals to the project even through a pandemic showing that the design is possible for future studies to show effects of new ways of preventing frailty at home.
Trial Registration
ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT04592146. October 19, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592146?term=positive&draw=2&rank=7
{"title":"Estimation of efficacy of a home monitoring and communication platform to prevent frailty among older adults in Sweden- a pilot study with a randomized controlled trial design","authors":"Marina Taloyan , Maksims Kornevs , Linda Timm , Hassan Alinaghizadeh , Minna Teriö , Sanna Bjälevik-Chronan , Sebastiaan Meijer , Susanne Guidetti","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The aging population of the world is increasing. Aging leads to risks for frailty and other chronic diseases and health systems must focus more on prevention to guarantee healthy aging. The primary objective was to estimate the efficacy of the POSITIVE-(<em>The Maintaining and imPrOving the intrinSIc capaciTy Involving Primary Care and caregiVErs)</em> system in improving frailty during a 6-month follow-up period.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A randomized controlled, assessor-blinded pilot study (RCT) with 50 individual < 70 years, pre-frail or frail was recruited from a primary care center in Stockholm Region. All participants received a drug review, nutritional recommendations, and a Vivifrail physical exercise program. In addition, the intervention group received POSITIVE including a tablet, an application, and portable measurement devices. The intervention group was monitored remotely by a primary care nurse at the primary health care centre during a six-month follow-up period.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>At baseline there was a significance between the groups regarding the FTS-5 scale, and significantly more obese participants in the intervention group. The drug reviews showed that three of 43 participants got a review and new diseases were discovered. The test of interactions showed a tendency for significant differences over time between the groups in frailty measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype's and FTS-5 scales.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Frailty status over time in the intervention group not differed significantly from the controls. Including individuals to the project even through a pandemic showing that the design is possible for future studies to show effects of new ways of preventing frailty at home.</p></div><div><h3>Trial Registration</h3><p>ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT04592146. October 19, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592146?term=positive&draw=2&rank=7</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100083"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000808/pdfft?md5=f06de0e7e5c3066c0f1e4fbef93eedfa&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000808-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100085
Rija Shakil MBBS , Ahmed Mustafa Rashid MBBS , Muhammad Haleem Nasar MBBS , Marium Omair Mirza MBBS , Muttia Abdul Sattar MBBS , Taha Abdul Ahad MBBS , Sehar Ul Duaa MBBS , Rana Usman Anwar MD , Prinka Perswani MD
Background
We aim to evaluate trends in Cerebrovascular Diseases (CVD) and pelvic and hip fractures (PHF)-related deaths among adults (≥ 65 years) in the US from 1999 to 2020, highlighting the differences based on demographics.
Methods
We analyzed death certificates from the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) database spanning 1999 to 2020, related to CVD and PHF in people aged ≥65 years. Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent change (APC) were computed using Joinpoint software. The analysis was organized by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic distribution (states, census regions, metropolitan/non-metropolitan areas).
Results
The AAMR for CVD and PHF decreased from 4.5 in 1999 to 2.2 in 2020. Similar pattern was observed for AAMR in females and males. Highest overall AAMR was noted in Non-Hispanic (NH) White adults (3.2) and lowest in African Americans (1.2). States of Wyoming, Alaska, North Dakota, Oregon, and Minnesota were in the top 90th percentile of AAMR while Florida, District of Columbia, Nevada, Arizona, and New York were in lower 10th percentile. Highest AAMRs were observed in Midwestern census region, followed by Western, Southern and Northeastern regions (3.8,2.8,2.7, and 1.9 respectively). Nonmetropolitan areas had a higher AAMR (4.4 vs 2.5) than metropolitan areas.
Conclusion
The CVDs and PHF related mortality rate increased steadily after 2014. NH white females were found to be at increased risk. A research-based management plan needs to be devised for post stroke pelvic and hip fractures in elderly.
{"title":"Trends in cerebrovascular diseases, pelvic and hip fractures-related mortality among older adults in the United States from 1999–2020","authors":"Rija Shakil MBBS , Ahmed Mustafa Rashid MBBS , Muhammad Haleem Nasar MBBS , Marium Omair Mirza MBBS , Muttia Abdul Sattar MBBS , Taha Abdul Ahad MBBS , Sehar Ul Duaa MBBS , Rana Usman Anwar MD , Prinka Perswani MD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>We aim to evaluate trends in Cerebrovascular Diseases (CVD) and pelvic and hip fractures (PHF)-related deaths among adults (≥ 65 years) in the US from 1999 to 2020, highlighting the differences based on demographics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed death certificates from the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) database spanning 1999 to 2020, related to CVD and PHF in people aged ≥65 years. Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent change (APC) were computed using Joinpoint software. The analysis was organized by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic distribution (states, census regions, metropolitan/non-metropolitan areas).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The AAMR for CVD and PHF decreased from 4.5 in 1999 to 2.2 in 2020. Similar pattern was observed for AAMR in females and males. Highest overall AAMR was noted in Non-Hispanic (NH) White adults (3.2) and lowest in African Americans (1.2). States of Wyoming, Alaska, North Dakota, Oregon, and Minnesota were in the top 90th percentile of AAMR while Florida, District of Columbia, Nevada, Arizona, and New York were in lower 10th percentile. Highest AAMRs were observed in Midwestern census region, followed by Western, Southern and Northeastern regions (3.8,2.8,2.7, and 1.9 respectively). Nonmetropolitan areas had a higher AAMR (4.4 vs 2.5) than metropolitan areas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The CVDs and PHF related mortality rate increased steadily after 2014. NH white females were found to be at increased risk. A research-based management plan needs to be devised for post stroke pelvic and hip fractures in elderly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000821/pdfft?md5=284c2b141d8259c93d147f464a6eee80&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000821-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100079
Zhaohui Su Ph.D. , Ruijie Zhang , Dean McDonnell Ph.D. , Barry L Bentley Ph.D. , Yayra Kweku Adobor , Jianlin Jiang , Yifan Liu , Xin Yu , Ruru Chen Ph.D. , Tumaresi Alimu Ph.D. , Xinxin Wu Ph.D. , Ali Cheshmehzangi Ph.D. , Sabina Šegalo Ph.D. , Junaid Ahmad Ph.D. , Xiao Zhang Ph.D. , Chee H Ng Ph.D., M.D. , Claudimar Pereira da Veiga Ph.D. , Yu-Tao Xiang Ph.D., M.D.
Smart ageing is the process of leveraging accessible socio-ecological opportunities to proactively build the desired lifestyle and preferred quality of life as people age. Different from other ageing models, smart ageing views the ageing process from a socio-ecological perspective, a process which is shaped by the interplay of social, cultural, economic, political, and technological factors, along with medical ones. Rather than taking a one-size-fits-all approach and pre-emptively defining a “universal” factor that decides the ageing process, smart ageing respects and emphasises individuals’ agency and efficacy in deciding what is important and appropriate to their well-being and designing their own ageing journey. While smart ageing can be a solution to population ageing, ingrained inequality issues like the digital divide can nevertheless hinder its ability to help people age at their own pace and with grace. To shed light on the issue, this paper examines the tsunami of social issues population ageing could unleash, and discusses how the smart ageing model—along with its opportunities and challenges—can help people better navigate their ageing adventure.
{"title":"Smart ageing with sway: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Zhaohui Su Ph.D. , Ruijie Zhang , Dean McDonnell Ph.D. , Barry L Bentley Ph.D. , Yayra Kweku Adobor , Jianlin Jiang , Yifan Liu , Xin Yu , Ruru Chen Ph.D. , Tumaresi Alimu Ph.D. , Xinxin Wu Ph.D. , Ali Cheshmehzangi Ph.D. , Sabina Šegalo Ph.D. , Junaid Ahmad Ph.D. , Xiao Zhang Ph.D. , Chee H Ng Ph.D., M.D. , Claudimar Pereira da Veiga Ph.D. , Yu-Tao Xiang Ph.D., M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart ageing is the process of leveraging accessible socio-ecological opportunities to proactively build the desired lifestyle and preferred quality of life as people age. Different from other ageing models, smart ageing views the ageing process from a socio-ecological perspective, a process which is shaped by the interplay of social, cultural, economic, political, and technological factors, along with medical ones. Rather than taking a one-size-fits-all approach and pre-emptively defining a “universal” factor that decides the ageing process, smart ageing respects and emphasises individuals’ agency and efficacy in deciding what is important and appropriate to their well-being and designing their own ageing journey. While smart ageing can be a solution to population ageing, ingrained inequality issues like the digital divide can nevertheless hinder its ability to help people age at their own pace and with grace. To shed light on the issue, this paper examines the tsunami of social issues population ageing could unleash, and discusses how the smart ageing model—along with its opportunities and challenges—can help people better navigate their ageing adventure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-13DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100080
Lina Nan , Diana Grunberg , Sinha De Silva , Divya Sivaramakrishnan
Objective
To evaluate Tai Chi´s effectiveness on balance and strength in the elderly across different intervention durations.
Methods
We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of 37 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on balance and 22 RCTs on strength. The databases were searched in February 2023: AMED, CINAHL Plus, Medline, Web of Science, and Embase.
Results
Tai Chi significantly improved balance (SMD = 0.40; 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.75; P = 0.03) and strength (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.01 to 0.84; P = 0.04) in the elderly, especially in medium-term interventions (8–16 weeks). Long-term effects were not statistically significant, indicating variability in the sustained impact of Tai Chi.
Conclusions
Tai Chi is effective in improving balance and strength among the elderly, particularly with medium-term interventions. The variability in results across different study durations suggests a need for further research to optimise Tai Chi protocols and maximise its benefits in elderly care.
{"title":"Evaluating the effectiveness of Tai Chi in short-term, medium-term, and long-term on balance and strength among the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Lina Nan , Diana Grunberg , Sinha De Silva , Divya Sivaramakrishnan","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate Tai Chi´s effectiveness on balance and strength in the elderly across different intervention durations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of 37 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on balance and 22 RCTs on strength. The databases were searched in February 2023: AMED, CINAHL Plus, Medline, Web of Science, and Embase.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Tai Chi significantly improved balance (SMD = 0.40; 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.75; <em>P</em> = 0.03) and strength (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.01 to 0.84; <em>P</em> = 0.04) in the elderly, especially in medium-term interventions (8–16 weeks). Long-term effects were not statistically significant, indicating variability in the sustained impact of Tai Chi.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tai Chi is effective in improving balance and strength among the elderly, particularly with medium-term interventions. The variability in results across different study durations suggests a need for further research to optimise Tai Chi protocols and maximise its benefits in elderly care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000778/pdfft?md5=a39191a72483e5df617f9ebea4ab90b1&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000778-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100081
Andrea Huseth-Zosel Ph.D. , Heather R. Fuller Ph.D.
The objective of this study was to identify shifts in older adults’ well-being over the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Between March 2020 and April 2022, 76 adults aged 65+ from the upper Midwest participated in telephone interviews across five timepoints. Quantitative and qualitative questions focused on perceptions of QOL, physical health and mental health, as well as changes over the two years of interviews. Repeated measures ANOVAs indicated significant changes in self-reported QOL over time, but no significant changes to self-reported physical or mental health. Thematic content analysis revealed relevant themes for each content area. Findings provided a longitudinal view of changes in perceived QOL and health among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite quantitative improvements in QOL and stability in health, qualitative themes indicated nuances impacts including challenges to physical activity and fluctuations in mental health and QOL.
本研究旨在确定 COVID-19 大流行头两年中老年人幸福感的变化。2020 年 3 月至 2022 年 4 月期间，来自上中西部地区的 76 名 65 岁以上的成年人参加了跨越五个时间点的电话访谈。定量和定性问题侧重于对 QOL、身体健康和心理健康的看法，以及访谈两年来的变化。重复测量方差分析表明，随着时间的推移，自我报告的 QOL 发生了显著变化，但自我报告的身体或心理健康没有发生显著变化。主题内容分析揭示了每个内容领域的相关主题。研究结果提供了在 COVID-19 大流行期间老年人感知的 QOL 和健康变化的纵向视角。尽管在数量上提高了 QOL 和健康的稳定性，但定性主题显示了细微的影响，包括对体育活动的挑战以及心理健康和 QOL 的波动。
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