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Rehabilitation with removable dentures in adults and older people with partial or total edentulism: Chilean Public Health System Experience, 2017–2019 部分或全部缺牙的成人和老年人使用活动假牙进行康复治疗：2017-2019年智利公共卫生系统的经验
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100084
Karen Danke DDS, MSc , Ingeborg Bevensee DDS , Ana Beatriz Silva DDS, MSc , Alicia Morales DDS, MSc , Gisela Jara DDs, MSc , Fabiola Werlinger MSc, PhD , Mauricio Baeza DDS, MSc, PhD , María Ignacia Muñoz DDS , Viviana García Ubillo MSc , Jorge Gamonal DDS, MSc, PhD

Statement of problem

Tooth loss is frequent among the Chilean population, particularly the poor and elderly. The Public's response is mostly via removable dentures (RDs), however there is limited evidence regarding its results.

Purpose

The objective of this descriptive ecological study is to monitor and characterize the production of RDs within Chile's Public Health System.

Material and methods

Public records were obtained from the Department of Statistics and Health Information of Chile (DEIS) website. All records regarding RDs activities within the Public Health System for years 2017 to 2019 were retrieved and included in the analysis.

Results

Between 2017 and 2019, the Public Health sector delivered an average of 342,261 RDs annually, which corresponds to 2.4 RD per 100 individuals. Overall, 70.3 % of beneficiaries were female, 63.2 % were for people between the ages of 20 to 64, and 35.3 % were for people aged 65 or older. Among RDs provided, 57 % were made at the primary level and 43 % at the secondary level of care. The program “More Smiles”, accounted for 52.3 % of primary healthcare RD delivery. At the secondary level, 14.9 % of RDs had metallic framework, while 85.1 % were acrylic. Older persons and males were more likely to receive acrylic RDs than their counterparts.

Conclusions

RDs are regularly supplied in Chile's Public Healthcare System, mainly through primary care. The characterization regarding programs, type of RDs, gender and age of the recipients, may guide future hypothesis regarding the adequateness of the response to address tooth loss at a population level. Further investigation into the impact on patient satisfaction and RD quality is recommended to enhance understanding in this domain.

Clinical implications

The study explores the scale and characteristics of removable prosthetic provision within Chile's Public Health System. This comprehensive overview enables the identification of areas requiring further attention to ensure the delivery of high-quality treatments and the efficient allocation of public resources.
问题陈述在智利人口中，尤其是在穷人和老年人中，牙齿脱落的现象非常普遍。公众的应对措施主要是通过活动假牙（RDs），但有关其效果的证据有限。目的这项描述性生态研究的目的是监测和描述智利公共卫生系统内活动假牙的生产情况。材料和方法从智利统计和卫生信息部（DEIS）网站获取公共记录。结果2017年至2019年，公共卫生部门平均每年提供342261份研究与发展报告，相当于每100人提供2.4份研究与发展报告。总体而言，70.3%的受益者为女性，63.2%的受益者年龄在 20 至 64 岁之间，35.3%的受益者年龄在 65 岁或以上。在提供的康复治疗中，57%用于初级护理，43%用于二级护理。更多微笑 "计划占初级保健 RD 服务的 52.3%。在二级医疗机构中，14.9%的 RD 有金属框架，85.1%是丙烯酸树脂。与同龄人相比，老年人和男性更容易接受丙烯酸树脂义齿。有关项目、RDs 类型、接受者的性别和年龄的特征描述，可以指导未来有关应对措施是否足以解决人口层面的牙齿缺失问题的假设。该研究探讨了智利公共卫生系统中活动义齿供应的规模和特点。这一全面概述有助于确定需要进一步关注的领域，以确保提供高质量的治疗并有效分配公共资源。
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引用次数: 0
The meaning in group volunteering and its influence on the well-being of community-dwelling older volunteers in Japan: A qualitative study 团体志愿服务的意义及其对日本社区老年志愿者福祉的影响：定性研究
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100086
Kaori Hotta , Mina Ishimaru

Background

The aging population is projected to increase globally. Creating a system where the older population can play an active role in their communities and help each other is challenging. This qualitative study aimed to determine the meaning in volunteering activities and its influence on well-being as well as the relationship between them identified by community-based older volunteers through group volunteering activities.

Methods

This descriptive qualitative study followed the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research (COREQ) guidelines. We conducted semi-structured face-to-face interviews of older adults aged >65 years (N = 12), who volunteered and routinely interacted with each other in their area of residence between February and March 2021.

Results

Relationships between the meaning of volunteering and well-being were identified by community-dwelling older volunteers. Volunteering was a part of their lives and they had acquired a role in the community, which influenced their self-care for health maintenance and positive enjoyment. A place to continuously learn from each other influenced positive enjoyment, self-acceptance, self-growth, and motivation to undertake new challenges. Forming a volunteer community where supporters and recipients helped each other and had positive relationships and identifying a place for oneself also had a positive impact and stimulated interactions that sparked motivation and joy.

Conclusions

The meaning in volunteering activities identified by older volunteers in the community had an impact on their well-being, including subjective and psychological well-being. A new finding of this study is the identification of these meanings, their impact on well-being, and the relationship between these meanings and well-being.
背景预计全球老龄人口将不断增加。建立一个能让老年人在社区中发挥积极作用并互相帮助的系统具有挑战性。这项定性研究旨在确定志愿服务活动的意义及其对幸福感的影响，以及社区老年志愿者通过集体志愿服务活动确定的两者之间的关系。方法这项描述性定性研究遵循了定性研究报告综合标准（COREQ）指南。我们对 2021 年 2 月至 3 月期间在居住地从事志愿服务并经常相互交流的 65 岁老年人（12 人）进行了半结构化面对面访谈。结果社区老年志愿者发现了志愿服务的意义与幸福感之间的关系。志愿服务是他们生活的一部分，他们在社区中扮演了一个角色，这影响了他们维护健康和积极享受的自我保健。一个可以不断相互学习的地方影响着积极的享受、自我接纳、自我成长以及迎接新挑战的动力。结论老年志愿者在社区中发现的志愿服务活动的意义对他们的幸福感（包括主观幸福感和心理幸福感）产生了影响。这项研究的一个新发现是确定了这些意义、它们对幸福感的影响以及这些意义与幸福感之间的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Estimation of efficacy of a home monitoring and communication platform to prevent frailty among older adults in Sweden- a pilot study with a randomized controlled trial design 瑞典老年人预防虚弱的家庭监控和通信平台的疗效评估--一项采用随机对照试验设计的试点研究
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100083
Marina Taloyan , Maksims Kornevs , Linda Timm , Hassan Alinaghizadeh , Minna Teriö , Sanna Bjälevik-Chronan , Sebastiaan Meijer , Susanne Guidetti

Background

The aging population of the world is increasing. Aging leads to risks for frailty and other chronic diseases and health systems must focus more on prevention to guarantee healthy aging. The primary objective was to estimate the efficacy of the POSITIVE-(The Maintaining and imPrOving the intrinSIc capaciTy Involving Primary Care and caregiVErs) system in improving frailty during a 6-month follow-up period.

Method

A randomized controlled, assessor-blinded pilot study (RCT) with 50 individual < 70 years, pre-frail or frail was recruited from a primary care center in Stockholm Region. All participants received a drug review, nutritional recommendations, and a Vivifrail physical exercise program. In addition, the intervention group received POSITIVE including a tablet, an application, and portable measurement devices. The intervention group was monitored remotely by a primary care nurse at the primary health care centre during a six-month follow-up period.

Results

At baseline there was a significance between the groups regarding the FTS-5 scale, and significantly more obese participants in the intervention group. The drug reviews showed that three of 43 participants got a review and new diseases were discovered. The test of interactions showed a tendency for significant differences over time between the groups in frailty measured by Fried Frailty Phenotype's and FTS-5 scales.

Conclusion

Frailty status over time in the intervention group not differed significantly from the controls. Including individuals to the project even through a pandemic showing that the design is possible for future studies to show effects of new ways of preventing frailty at home.

Trial Registration

ClinicalTrials.gov. Registration number: NCT04592146. October 19, 2020. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592146?term=positive&draw=2&rank=7

背景世界老龄人口不断增加。老龄化会导致身体虚弱和其他慢性疾病的风险，因此医疗系统必须更加注重预防，以确保健康的老龄化。该研究的主要目的是评估 POSITIVE-（维持和提高初级保健和护理人员的内部能力）系统在 6 个月随访期间改善虚弱状况的效果。方法 从斯德哥尔摩地区的一家初级保健中心招募了 50 名 70 岁及以上的前期虚弱或体弱者，进行了一项随机对照、评估者盲法试点研究（RCT）。所有参与者都接受了药物审查、营养建议和 Vivifrail 体育锻炼计划。此外，干预组还获得了包括平板电脑、应用程序和便携式测量设备在内的 POSITIVE 系统。在为期 6 个月的随访期间，干预组由初级保健中心的一名初级保健护士进行远程监控。结果基线时，各组之间的 FTS-5 量表存在显著差异，干预组的肥胖人数明显多于干预组。药物审查结果显示，43 名参与者中有 3 人接受了药物审查，并发现了新的疾病。交互作用测试表明，通过弗里德虚弱表型量表和 FTS-5 量表测量的虚弱状况在一段时间内各组之间存在显著差异。即使在大流行病期间也能将个人纳入项目，这表明未来的研究有可能采用这种设计，以显示在家中预防虚弱的新方法的效果。注册号：NCT04592146：NCT04592146。2020年10月19日。https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04592146?term=positive&draw=2&rank=7
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引用次数: 0
Trends in cerebrovascular diseases, pelvic and hip fractures-related mortality among older adults in the United States from 1999–2020 1999-2020 年美国老年人中与脑血管疾病、骨盆和髋部骨折有关的死亡率趋势
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100085
Rija Shakil MBBS , Ahmed Mustafa Rashid MBBS , Muhammad Haleem Nasar MBBS , Marium Omair Mirza MBBS , Muttia Abdul Sattar MBBS , Taha Abdul Ahad MBBS , Sehar Ul Duaa MBBS , Rana Usman Anwar MD , Prinka Perswani MD

Background

We aim to evaluate trends in Cerebrovascular Diseases (CVD) and pelvic and hip fractures (PHF)-related deaths among adults (≥ 65 years) in the US from 1999 to 2020, highlighting the differences based on demographics.

Methods

We analyzed death certificates from the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) database spanning 1999 to 2020, related to CVD and PHF in people aged ≥65 years. Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent change (APC) were computed using Joinpoint software. The analysis was organized by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic distribution (states, census regions, metropolitan/non-metropolitan areas).

Results

The AAMR for CVD and PHF decreased from 4.5 in 1999 to 2.2 in 2020. Similar pattern was observed for AAMR in females and males. Highest overall AAMR was noted in Non-Hispanic (NH) White adults (3.2) and lowest in African Americans (1.2). States of Wyoming, Alaska, North Dakota, Oregon, and Minnesota were in the top 90th percentile of AAMR while Florida, District of Columbia, Nevada, Arizona, and New York were in lower 10th percentile. Highest AAMRs were observed in Midwestern census region, followed by Western, Southern and Northeastern regions (3.8,2.8,2.7, and 1.9 respectively). Nonmetropolitan areas had a higher AAMR (4.4 vs 2.5) than metropolitan areas.

Conclusion

The CVDs and PHF related mortality rate increased steadily after 2014. NH white females were found to be at increased risk. A research-based management plan needs to be devised for post stroke pelvic and hip fractures in elderly.

背景我们旨在评估 1999 年至 2020 年美国成年人（≥ 65 岁）中与脑血管疾病（CVD）和骨盆及髋部骨折（PHF）相关的死亡趋势，突出基于人口统计学的差异。方法我们分析了 CDC WONDER（美国疾病控制和预防中心流行病学研究广泛在线数据）数据库中 1999 年至 2020 年与 CVD 和 PHF 相关的≥65 岁人群死亡证明。使用 Joinpoint 软件计算了每 10 万人的年龄调整死亡率 (AAMRs) 和年百分比变化 (APC)。分析按年份、性别、种族/人种和地理分布（州、人口普查地区、大都市/非大都市地区）进行组织。女性和男性的急性心血管疾病急性死亡率的模式相似。非西班牙裔 (NH) 白人的总体平均死亡率最高（3.2），非裔美国人最低（1.2）。怀俄明州、阿拉斯加州、北达科他州、俄勒冈州和明尼苏达州的 AAMR 位居前 90 位，而佛罗里达州、哥伦比亚特区、内华达州、亚利桑那州和纽约州则位居后 10 位。中西部人口普查地区的平均平均死亡率最高，其次是西部、南部和东北部地区（分别为 3.8、2.8、2.7 和 1.9）。非大都市地区的 AAMR（4.4 vs 2.5）高于大都市地区。发现新罕布什尔州的白人女性面临的风险更高。需要针对中风后骨盆和髋部骨折的老年人制定基于研究的管理计划。
{"title":"Trends in cerebrovascular diseases, pelvic and hip fractures-related mortality among older adults in the United States from 1999–2020","authors":"Rija Shakil MBBS ,&nbsp;Ahmed Mustafa Rashid MBBS ,&nbsp;Muhammad Haleem Nasar MBBS ,&nbsp;Marium Omair Mirza MBBS ,&nbsp;Muttia Abdul Sattar MBBS ,&nbsp;Taha Abdul Ahad MBBS ,&nbsp;Sehar Ul Duaa MBBS ,&nbsp;Rana Usman Anwar MD ,&nbsp;Prinka Perswani MD","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100085","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100085","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>We aim to evaluate trends in Cerebrovascular Diseases (CVD) and pelvic and hip fractures (PHF)-related deaths among adults (≥ 65 years) in the US from 1999 to 2020, highlighting the differences based on demographics.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We analyzed death certificates from the CDC WONDER (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research) database spanning 1999 to 2020, related to CVD and PHF in people aged ≥65 years. Age-Adjusted Mortality Rates (AAMRs) per 100,000 persons and annual percent change (APC) were computed using Joinpoint software. The analysis was organized by year, sex, race/ethnicity, and geographic distribution (states, census regions, metropolitan/non-metropolitan areas).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The AAMR for CVD and PHF decreased from 4.5 in 1999 to 2.2 in 2020. Similar pattern was observed for AAMR in females and males. Highest overall AAMR was noted in Non-Hispanic (NH) White adults (3.2) and lowest in African Americans (1.2). States of Wyoming, Alaska, North Dakota, Oregon, and Minnesota were in the top 90th percentile of AAMR while Florida, District of Columbia, Nevada, Arizona, and New York were in lower 10th percentile. Highest AAMRs were observed in Midwestern census region, followed by Western, Southern and Northeastern regions (3.8,2.8,2.7, and 1.9 respectively). Nonmetropolitan areas had a higher AAMR (4.4 vs 2.5) than metropolitan areas.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The CVDs and PHF related mortality rate increased steadily after 2014. NH white females were found to be at increased risk. A research-based management plan needs to be devised for post stroke pelvic and hip fractures in elderly.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2950307824000821/pdfft?md5=284c2b141d8259c93d147f464a6eee80&pid=1-s2.0-S2950307824000821-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Smart ageing with sway: Opportunities and challenges 摇摆智能养老：机遇与挑战
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100079
Zhaohui Su Ph.D. , Ruijie Zhang , Dean McDonnell Ph.D. , Barry L Bentley Ph.D. , Yayra Kweku Adobor , Jianlin Jiang , Yifan Liu , Xin Yu , Ruru Chen Ph.D. , Tumaresi Alimu Ph.D. , Xinxin Wu Ph.D. , Ali Cheshmehzangi Ph.D. , Sabina Šegalo Ph.D. , Junaid Ahmad Ph.D. , Xiao Zhang Ph.D. , Chee H Ng Ph.D., M.D. , Claudimar Pereira da Veiga Ph.D. , Yu-Tao Xiang Ph.D., M.D.
Smart ageing is the process of leveraging accessible socio-ecological opportunities to proactively build the desired lifestyle and preferred quality of life as people age. Different from other ageing models, smart ageing views the ageing process from a socio-ecological perspective, a process which is shaped by the interplay of social, cultural, economic, political, and technological factors, along with medical ones. Rather than taking a one-size-fits-all approach and pre-emptively defining a “universal” factor that decides the ageing process, smart ageing respects and emphasises individuals’ agency and efficacy in deciding what is important and appropriate to their well-being and designing their own ageing journey. While smart ageing can be a solution to population ageing, ingrained inequality issues like the digital divide can nevertheless hinder its ability to help people age at their own pace and with grace. To shed light on the issue, this paper examines the tsunami of social issues population ageing could unleash, and discusses how the smart ageing model—along with its opportunities and challenges—can help people better navigate their ageing adventure.
智能老龄化是指在人们步入老年后，利用可获得的社会生态机会，积极主动地建立理想的生活方式和生活质量的过程。与其他老龄化模式不同，智慧型老龄化是从社会生态学的角度来看待老龄化过程的，这一过程是由社会、文化、经济、政治和技术因素以及医疗因素相互作用形成的。智慧型老龄化不是采取一刀切的方法，先入为主地定义一个决定老龄化进程的 "普遍 "因素，而是尊重和强调个人的能动性和效率，由个人决定什么对其福祉是重要和适当的，并设计自己的老龄化历程。尽管智能老龄化可以解决人口老龄化问题，但根深蒂固的不平等问题（如数字鸿沟）可能会阻碍智能老龄化帮助人们按照自己的节奏优雅地步入老年。为了揭示这一问题，本文探讨了人口老龄化可能引发的海啸式社会问题，并讨论了智能老龄化模式及其机遇和挑战如何帮助人们更好地度过老龄化历程。
{"title":"Smart ageing with sway: Opportunities and challenges","authors":"Zhaohui Su Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ruijie Zhang ,&nbsp;Dean McDonnell Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Barry L Bentley Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Yayra Kweku Adobor ,&nbsp;Jianlin Jiang ,&nbsp;Yifan Liu ,&nbsp;Xin Yu ,&nbsp;Ruru Chen Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Tumaresi Alimu Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Xinxin Wu Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ali Cheshmehzangi Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Sabina Šegalo Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Junaid Ahmad Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Xiao Zhang Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Chee H Ng Ph.D., M.D. ,&nbsp;Claudimar Pereira da Veiga Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Yu-Tao Xiang Ph.D., M.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100079","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100079","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Smart ageing is the process of leveraging accessible socio-ecological opportunities to proactively build the desired lifestyle and preferred quality of life as people age. Different from other ageing models, smart ageing views the ageing process from a socio-ecological perspective, a process which is shaped by the interplay of social, cultural, economic, political, and technological factors, along with medical ones. Rather than taking a one-size-fits-all approach and pre-emptively defining a “universal” factor that decides the ageing process, smart ageing respects and emphasises individuals’ agency and efficacy in deciding what is important and appropriate to their well-being and designing their own ageing journey. While smart ageing can be a solution to population ageing, ingrained inequality issues like the digital divide can nevertheless hinder its ability to help people age at their own pace and with grace. To shed light on the issue, this paper examines the tsunami of social issues population ageing could unleash, and discusses how the smart ageing model—along with its opportunities and challenges—can help people better navigate their ageing adventure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"1 4","pages":"Article 100079"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluating the effectiveness of Tai Chi in short-term, medium-term, and long-term on balance and strength among the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis 评估太极拳对老年人平衡和力量的短期、中期和长期效果：系统回顾和荟萃分析
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100080
Lina Nan , Diana Grunberg , Sinha De Silva , Divya Sivaramakrishnan

Objective

To evaluate Tai Chi´s effectiveness on balance and strength in the elderly across different intervention durations.

Methods

We conducted a comprehensive meta-analysis of 37 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on balance and 22 RCTs on strength. The databases were searched in February 2023: AMED, CINAHL Plus, Medline, Web of Science, and Embase.

Results

Tai Chi significantly improved balance (SMD = 0.40; 95 % CI: 0.05 to 0.75; P = 0.03) and strength (SMD = 0.43; 95 % CI: 0.01 to 0.84; P = 0.04) in the elderly, especially in medium-term interventions (8–16 weeks). Long-term effects were not statistically significant, indicating variability in the sustained impact of Tai Chi.

Conclusions

Tai Chi is effective in improving balance and strength among the elderly, particularly with medium-term interventions. The variability in results across different study durations suggests a need for further research to optimise Tai Chi protocols and maximise its benefits in elderly care.
方法 我们对 37 项有关平衡的随机对照试验 (RCT) 和 22 项有关力量的随机对照试验进行了全面的荟萃分析。我们于 2023 年 2 月对数据库进行了检索：结果太极拳显著改善了老年人的平衡能力（SMD = 0.40；95 % CI：0.05 至 0.75；P = 0.03）和力量（SMD = 0.43；95 % CI：0.01 至 0.84；P = 0.04），尤其是在中期干预（8-16 周）中。结论太极拳能有效改善老年人的平衡和力量，尤其是在中期干预中。不同研究持续时间的结果存在差异，这表明有必要开展进一步研究，以优化太极拳方案，最大限度地发挥太极拳在老年人护理中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Changes in quality of life and health across the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed methods, longitudinal study of older adults COVID-19 大流行头两年中生活质量和健康状况的变化：针对老年人的混合方法纵向研究
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100081
Andrea Huseth-Zosel Ph.D. , Heather R. Fuller Ph.D.

The objective of this study was to identify shifts in older adults’ well-being over the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Between March 2020 and April 2022, 76 adults aged 65+ from the upper Midwest participated in telephone interviews across five timepoints. Quantitative and qualitative questions focused on perceptions of QOL, physical health and mental health, as well as changes over the two years of interviews. Repeated measures ANOVAs indicated significant changes in self-reported QOL over time, but no significant changes to self-reported physical or mental health. Thematic content analysis revealed relevant themes for each content area. Findings provided a longitudinal view of changes in perceived QOL and health among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite quantitative improvements in QOL and stability in health, qualitative themes indicated nuances impacts including challenges to physical activity and fluctuations in mental health and QOL.

本研究旨在确定 COVID-19 大流行头两年中老年人幸福感的变化。2020 年 3 月至 2022 年 4 月期间，来自上中西部地区的 76 名 65 岁以上的成年人参加了跨越五个时间点的电话访谈。定量和定性问题侧重于对 QOL、身体健康和心理健康的看法，以及访谈两年来的变化。重复测量方差分析表明，随着时间的推移，自我报告的 QOL 发生了显著变化，但自我报告的身体或心理健康没有发生显著变化。主题内容分析揭示了每个内容领域的相关主题。研究结果提供了在 COVID-19 大流行期间老年人感知的 QOL 和健康变化的纵向视角。尽管在数量上提高了 QOL 和健康的稳定性，但定性主题显示了细微的影响，包括对体育活动的挑战以及心理健康和 QOL 的波动。
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引用次数: 0
Frailty in older people living in Africa: A systematic review of prevalence and associated factors 生活在非洲的老年人体弱多病：对患病率和相关因素的系统审查
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100078
Ayele Semachew Kasa , Shu-Chun Lee , Hui-Chen (Rita) Chang

Background

Despite rapid population ageing in Africa, research on frailty in the region remains limited and fragmented. This systematic review aimed at summarising the available data to determine the prevalence of frailty in Africa.

Methods

Original research articles that reported the prevalence and associated factors of frailty in older people were included. The PubMed, Web of Science, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Science Direct, African Index Medicus, African Journals Online, WHO Global Health Library, and HINARI databases were searched between July 30 and September 30, 2022. Eleven studies were selected based on predefined eligibility criteria. To ensure methodological quality, the included studies were independently assessed by two authors. Data were extracted using a standardised data extraction checklist. Due to high heterogeneity among the studies, data were systematically examined using a narrative review.

Results

This review included a sample of 4,112 older people from different regions in Africa. Of the 11 included studies, five (45.5%) recruited study participants from community settings whereas two studies were from nursing homes. A variety of frailty measurement instruments were employed across the studies. The prevalence of frailty considerably varies across the studies: ranging from 9.25% to 77.1%. Increasing age, multimorbidity, nutritional problems, depression, and physical inactivity were identified as risk factors for frailty.

Conclusions

The findings revealed a varying degree of frailty among older people in Africa. It is recommended that institutions provide opportunities for physical activity, ensure adequate nutrition, promote social interaction, and manage chronic illnesses to mitigate frailty.

Registration

PROSPERO ID of CRD42021272920.

背景尽管非洲人口老龄化速度很快，但该地区对虚弱问题的研究仍然有限且零散。本系统综述旨在总结现有数据，以确定虚弱症在非洲的患病率。方法纳入报告老年人虚弱症患病率和相关因素的原创研究文章。在 2022 年 7 月 30 日至 9 月 30 日期间，对 PubMed、Web of Science、SCOPUS、CINAHL、Science Direct、African Index Medicus、African Journals Online、WHO Global Health Library 和 HINARI 数据库进行了检索。根据预先确定的资格标准，共筛选出 11 项研究。为确保研究方法的质量，两位作者对纳入的研究进行了独立评估。采用标准化数据提取清单提取数据。由于研究之间存在高度异质性，因此采用叙述性综述对数据进行了系统检查。在纳入的 11 项研究中，有 5 项研究（45.5%）从社区环境中招募研究对象，有 2 项研究从养老院中招募研究对象。这些研究采用了多种虚弱测量工具。各项研究中虚弱的发生率差异很大：从 9.25% 到 77.1%。年龄增长、多病共患、营养问题、抑郁和缺乏运动被认为是导致虚弱的风险因素。建议养老机构为老年人提供体育锻炼的机会，确保充足的营养，促进社交互动，管理慢性疾病，以减轻虚弱。
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引用次数: 0
Potential of Kinect-assessed stepping test for assessing fall risk in community-dwelling older women Kinect 评估步态测试在评估社区居住的老年妇女跌倒风险方面的潜力
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100077
Nobuo Takeshima , Eiji Fujita , Takeshi Kohama , Yosuke Osuka , Narumi Kojima , Masanobu Kusunoki , William F. Brechue , Hiroyuki Sasai

Background

Previously, we have shown that movement path distance and displacement during a 20-sec stepping test (ST) discriminates between independent and dependent-living older adults. The present study aims to determine whether movement and displacement characteristics during ST are an indicator of risk of falling in independent-living, community-dwelling older women

Methods

Independent-living older women recruited for this cross-sectional study were divided into a fall (F: n = 154) or no fall (NF: n = 847) history group. Each participant completed one trial of an eyes open, ST. ST outcome measures included head total movement distance (TMD), maximum movement displacement of the head (MMD), total knee movement distance (KMD), maximum height of the left and right knees (MKH), and step number (STEP) as determined with a KINECTTM infrared depth sensor. Ratio of KMD/TMD was calculated to index upper- body sway relative to the lower-body.

Results

Age, height, body mass, and BMI were not different between groups. KMD (F: median: 4.812 m, interquartile range (IQR): 3.720–7.718 m; NF: 5.309 m, 4.266–6.600 m), TMD / KMD (F: 0.145 m, 0.107–0.196 m; NF: 0.127 m, 0.100–0.170 m) and MKH (F: 0.073 m, 0.052–0.106 m, NF: 0.091 m, 0.060–0.135 m) were different between F and NF (Mann-Whitney, P < 0.05). Logistic regression revealed an association between falls and KMD (OR 1.232, 95 % CI 1.108–1.370).

Conclusions

Characteristics of ST movement and displacement assessed with KinectTM provide useful indicators for fall risk assessment among independent-living, community-dwelling older women.

背景我们以前的研究表明，20 秒迈步测试（ST）中的移动路径距离和位移可区分独立生活的老年人和依赖他人生活的老年人。本研究旨在确定在 ST 过程中的运动和位移特征是否是独立生活、居住在社区的老年妇女跌倒风险的指标。方法这项横断面研究将招募的独立生活老年妇女分为有跌倒史组（F：n = 154）和无跌倒史组（NF：n = 847）。每位参与者完成一次睁眼 ST 试验。ST 结果测量包括头部总移动距离 (TMD)、头部最大移动位移 (MMD)、膝关节总移动距离 (KMD)、左右膝关节最大高度 (MKH) 以及通过 KINECTTM 红外线深度传感器测定的步数 (STEP)。计算 KMD/TMD 的比率，以反映上半身相对于下半身的摇摆。KMD（女：中位数：4.812米，四分位数间距（IQR）：3.720-7.718米；NF：5.309米，4.266-6.600米）、TMD/KMD（F：0.145米，0.107-0.196米；NF：0.127米，0.100-0.170 m）和 MKH（F：0.073 m，0.052-0.106 m；NF：0.091 m，0.060-0.135 m）在 F 和 NF 之间存在差异（Mann-Whitney，P <0.05）。逻辑回归显示跌倒与 KMD 之间存在关联（OR 1.232，95 % CI 1.108-1.370）。结论使用 KinectTM 评估的 ST 运动和位移特征为独立生活、居住在社区的老年妇女的跌倒风险评估提供了有用的指标。
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引用次数: 0
Factors for the decline of ADL before and after the COVID-19 of people with dementia in Japan 日本痴呆症患者在 COVID-19 前后 ADL 下降的因素
Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus
Pub Date : 2024-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100076
Taiga Fuju , Natsumi Shinya , Kumiko Yamada , Reiko Oshima , Taiki Yoshita , Naoya Tsukii , Yuta Ishimitsu , Naoto Okonogi , Yukiko Tanaka , Tomoyuki Shinohara

Background

This study aimed to investigate the determinants of decline in activities of daily living (ADL) among people with dementia following the onset of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

A retrospective analysis was performed, including 37 individuals with dementia residing in group and nursing homes. The study cohort experienced a resurgence in facility admissions following COVID-19 outbreak, spanning from September to December 2022. Multivariate generalized linear mixed-effects models were employed to assess the Barthel Index at the time of readmission, which served as the dependent variable. Demographic variables before contracting COVID-19 were considered independent predictors if they were significantly associated with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission. Random intercepts were applied to account for variations among facilities in which individuals resided before contracting COVID-19.

Results

Care level, degree of independent living for disabled older adults, and the ability to perform daily ambulatory movements were significantly associated with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission. When used as independent variables, both daily ambulatory movement (beta = 0.350) and care level (beta = -0.347) showed significant associations with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission. Whereas using daily ambulatory movements and the degree of independent living for disabled older adults as independent variables, only the degree of independent living for disabled older adults (beta = -0.757) was significantly associated with the Barthel Index at the time of readmission.

Conclusion

The ability to engage in daily ambulatory movement affects the decline in ADLs due to COVID-19.

背景本研究旨在调查2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发后痴呆症患者日常生活活动能力（ADL）下降的决定因素。研究队列在COVID-19疫情爆发后再次入院，时间跨度为2022年9月至12月。研究采用了多变量广义线性混合效应模型来评估再入院时的巴特尔指数，并将其作为因变量。如果签约 COVID-19 之前的人口统计学变量与再入院时的 Barthel 指数显著相关，则将其视为独立预测变量。结果护理水平、失能老年人独立生活的程度以及进行日常活动的能力与再入院时的 Barthel 指数显著相关。如果将日常活动能力（贝塔值=0.350）和护理水平（贝塔值=-0.347）作为自变量，它们与再入院时的巴特尔指数有明显的相关性。结论 日常活动能力会影响 COVID-19 导致的 ADLs 下降。
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