Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus最新文献_第7页

Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation on dual-task performance in older and young adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis 经颅直流电刺激对老年人和年轻人双任务表现的影响：系统回顾与荟萃分析

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100047

Jibrin Sammani USMAN, Thomson Wai-Lung WONG, Shamay Sheung Mei NG

Background

The ability to successfully perform various physical and cognitive tasks simultaneously is a required goal for older adults (OA). Brain areas such as the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) are involved in cognitive processing during walking and balance tasks, with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) used in modulating the excitability of brain cortical areas such as the DLPFC.

Objectives

To evaluate the available scientific evidence on the effects of tDCS on dual-task (DT) Performance (PF) in older and young adults.

Methods

Databases of PEDro, Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were searched from inception until December 2023. RCTs were included. The risk of bias (ROB) and methodological quality of the included RCTs were assessed with the appropriate Cochrane ROB assessment tool, and PEDro scale respectively. Both narrative and quantitative synthesis were used for data analysis.

Results

The result revealed that real tDCS significantly reduced: dual-task cost (DTC) on gait speed (MD = 3.68, 95 %CI-1.04 to 6.33, P = 0.006), DTC on postural sway (PS) velocity (MD = -25.49, P < 0.00001), DTC on PS area (MD = -53.96, P < 0.00001), and significantly improved DT PS velocity (SMD = -0.61, P = 0.02), with low certainty of evidence post- experiment compared to sham tDCS in OA. However, in young adults, there was no significant difference post-experiment between real and sham tDCS on DT stride time variability (P = 0.18) and DTC on stride time variability (P = 0.34) with low certainty of evidence.

Conclusions

tDCS especially anodal tDCS to the DLPFC significantly improved DT PS velocity and area, and also significantly reduced DTC on gait speed, PS velocity, and area in OA.

背景能够同时成功完成各种体力和认知任务是老年人（OA）的一个必要目标。经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）可用于调节大脑皮质区域（如 DLPFC）的兴奋性。方法对 PEDro、Web of Science、PubMed、Embase 和 Cochrane Library 等数据库进行了检索，检索时间从开始到 2023 年 12 月。纳入了 RCT。采用相应的 Cochrane ROB 评估工具和 PEDro 量表分别评估了纳入的 RCT 的偏倚风险（ROB）和方法学质量。结果显示，真正的 tDCS 能显著降低：步速的双任务成本（DTC）（MD = 3.68，95 %CI-1.04 至 6.33，P = 0.006）、姿势摇摆（PS）速度的双任务成本（DTC）（MD = -25.49, P < 0.00001），DTC 对 PS 面积的影响（MD = -53.96，P < 0.00001），并显著改善了 DT PS 速度（SMD = -0.61，P = 0.02），与 OA 中的假 tDCS 相比，实验后证据的确定性较低。结论stDCS，尤其是对DLPFC的阳极tDCS，能显著改善OA患者的DT PS速度和面积，还能显著降低DTC对步速、PS速度和面积的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Inflammation, muscle health and aging: Calf circumference as a cost-effective diagnostic indicator of Sarcopenia 炎症、肌肉健康与衰老：将小腿围度作为具有成本效益的 "肌肉疏松症 "诊断指标

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100046

Sharon P Rose , Anju Srinivas , Akila Prashant , Prathiba Periera , Suma M Nataraj , Kusuma K Shivashankar

Background

This study aims to investigate the levels of interleukin6(IL6), interleukin 10(IL10), the IL6:IL10 ratio, and various anthropometric measurements in different stages of sarcopenia among older individuals.

Methodology

Conducted as a one-year cross-sectional study using purposive sampling, involving individuals aged 58–85 years, screened for sarcopenia based on the AWGS-2019 criteria. Case-finding methods included the SARCCalF questionnaire, handgrip strength(HGS), and chair-stand tests(CST). Anthropometric measurementswere recorded for all participants, allowing for the calculation of body mass index(BMI), waist-to-hip ratio(WHR), and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index(ASMI). Additionally, IL6 and IL10levels were estimated using Sandwich-ELISA.

Results

Among the 130participants, 33 were free from sarcopenia, 35 exhibited pre-sarcopenia, 29 had sarcopenia, and 33 presented severe-sarcopenia. A majority (63 %) of the participants were male, and a substantial portion (77 %) had both diabetes and sarcopenia. The study's findings revealed that the SARCCalF questionnaire demonstrated a lower mean score in the non-sarcopenia group, with an increasing trend from pre-sarcopenia to severe-sarcopenia groups. HGS, CST results, and ASMI exhibited a reverse trend. Post-Hoc Tukey's tests revealed that IL6, IL10, IL6:IL10, and Calf Circumference(CC) exhibited significant differences between the study groups. Furthermore, ROC analysis demonstrated that IL6, IL10, IL6:IL10, and CC possessed an AUC ranging between 0.7 and 0.9, showcasing good sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing between non-sarcopenia and pre-sarcopenia.

Conclusion

This study highlights the utility of IL6, IL10, IL6:IL10, and CC in the early identification of pre-sarcopenia among older individuals, offering valuable insights for clinicians to intervene promptly and enhance their quality of life.

背景本研究旨在探讨老年人不同阶段肌肉疏松症的白细胞介素6（IL6）、白细胞介素10（IL10）水平、IL6:IL10比值以及各种人体测量指标。方法本研究采用目的性抽样法进行为期一年的横断面研究，研究对象年龄为58-85岁，根据AWGS-2019标准筛查为肌肉疏松症患者。病例调查方法包括 SARCCalF 问卷、手握力（HGS）和椅子站立测试（CST）。对所有参与者进行了人体测量记录，以便计算体重指数（BMI）、腰臀比（WHR）和骨骼肌质量指数（ASMI）。结果在 130 名参与者中，33 人没有患上肌肉疏松症，35 人表现出肌肉疏松前期症状，29 人患上肌肉疏松症，33 人表现出严重的肌肉疏松症。大部分参与者（63%）为男性，相当一部分（77%）同时患有糖尿病和肌肉疏松症。研究结果显示，非肌肉疏松症组的 SARCCalF 问卷平均得分较低，而从肌肉疏松症前期到严重肌肉疏松症组，平均得分呈上升趋势。HGS、CST结果和ASMI则呈现出相反的趋势。事后 Tukey's 检验显示，IL6、IL10、IL6:IL10 和小腿围（CC）在研究组之间存在显著差异。此外，ROC 分析表明，IL6、IL10、IL6:IL10 和 CC 的 AUC 值介于 0.7 与 0.9 之间，在区分非肌肉疏松症与肌肉疏松前期症方面具有良好的灵敏度和特异性。结论本研究强调了 IL6、IL10、IL6:IL10 和 CC 在早期识别老年人肌肉疏松前期症方面的作用，为临床医生及时干预和提高老年人的生活质量提供了宝贵的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Investing in intrinsic capacity: A roadmap for promoting healthy aging worldwide 投资于内在能力：促进全球健康老龄化的路线图

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100045

Liang-Kung Chen MD, PhD

引用次数: 0

Impact of frailty degree, measured by three instruments, on adverse health outcomes in patients admitted for medical illness in an acute care for elders unit 用三种工具衡量的虚弱程度对老年人急症护理病房内因内科疾病入院的患者不良健康后果的影响

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100041

Margarita Sanchez-Arcilla MD , Antonio San-José PhD , Mónica Zuleta MD , Gabriela Carrizo MD , Marcelo Alvarado PhD , Carme Gelabert MD , Pilar Lalueza PhD , Carmen Pérez-Bocanegra PhD

Purpose

The aim of this study is to analyse adverse health outcomes at hospital discharge adjusted to frailty degree measured by three instruments in patients admitted for medical diseases in an Acute Care for Elders (ACE).

Methods

This is a prospective observational study, including 194 frail patients aged 75 years or older. Patients were admitted to a tertiary hospital ACE for an acute medical illness or exacerbated chronic diseases from June 2022 to May 2023. Frailty was assessed by the FRAIL scale, the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and the frail-VIG Index (IF-VIG). Health outcomes analysed were length of hospital stay, home destination at hospital discharge, development of delirium and functional decline.

Results

Patients were on average 85,14 years old, with 56 % women. Mean frailty punctuations were 2,83 for FRAIL scale; 4,1 for CFS and 0,3 for IF-VIG. Patients who did not return home were more fragile: FRAIL 3,1 vs 2,6; CFS 4,5 vs 4,0; IF-VIG 0,3 vs 0,2. Patients with a hospitalization longer than 10 days were more fragile: FRAIL 3,9 vs 2,6; CFS 4,5 vs 3,8; IF-VIG 0,3 vs 0,2. More frail patients had greater delirium incidence and prevalence: CFS 4,7 vs 4,1; IF-VIG 0,3 vs 0,2. These results are statistically significant.

Conclusions

A greater degree of basal frailty during a hospitalisation in an ACE is strongly related with smaller return home rates at hospital discharge, as well as with longer mean stay-length and larger amounts of delirium.

目的本研究旨在分析因内科疾病入住老年急症护理中心（ACE）的患者在出院时的不良健康后果，并根据三种工具测量的虚弱程度进行调整。患者于2022年6月至2023年5月期间因急性内科疾病或慢性病加重入住一家三级医院的ACE。虚弱程度通过 FRAIL 量表、临床虚弱量表（CFS）和虚弱-VIG 指数（IF-VIG）进行评估。分析的健康结果包括住院时间、出院时回家的目的地、谵妄的发生和功能衰退。FRAIL 量表的平均虚弱程度为 2.83，CFS 为 4.1，IF-VIG 为 0.3。没有回家的患者更加虚弱：FRAIL 为 3.1 vs 2.6；CFS 为 4.5 vs 4.0；IF-VIG 为 0.3 vs 0.2。住院时间超过 10 天的患者更脆弱：FRAIL 3.9 对 2.6；CFS 4.5 对 3.8；IF-VIG 0.3 对 0.2。更虚弱的患者谵妄发生率和患病率更高：CFS 4,7 对 4,1；IF-VIG 0,3 对 0,2。结论 ACE 患者住院期间基础虚弱程度越高，出院时回家率越低，平均住院时间越长，谵妄发生率越高。

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引用次数: 0

The benefits of Tai Chi practice on standing balance in older adults during COVID-19 pandemic 在 COVID-19 大流行期间练习太极拳对老年人站立平衡的益处

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100042

Di Wang , Ying Gao , Xiaoxia Liu , Matthew T.G. Pain

Background

Tai Chi has been recommended as a fall prevention exercise for older adults and may be particularly beneficial during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. This study aimed to investigate the benefits of regular Tai Chi practice on standing balance among older adults living in a nursing home during COVID-19 restrictions.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 38 older adults from a nursing home during COVID-19 extended restrictions. Participants were assigned to a Tai Chi group (n = 18, with more than five years of Tai Chi experience) and a control group (n = 20, with no Tai Chi experience). Postural sway during standing balance was assessed under four conditions: eyes open (EO); eyes closed (EC); eyes open with the right leg crossed forward (ER); and eyes open with the left leg crossed forward (EL). Furthermore, participants completed questionnaires face-to-face regarding their physical activity (PA) and sleep quality during the COVID-19 period.

Results

The Tai Chi group exhibited significantly less postural sway than the control group, particularly under EO and EL conditions (p < 0.05). Both groups had similar sleep quality but different PA profiles.

Conclusion

Regular Tai Chi practice may help maintain standing balance in older adults, even with limited outdoor mobility due to COVID-19 restrictions. Tai Chi could be an effective home-based exercise for preventing balance decline and potential falls among older adults living in nursing homes during the pandemic. Future studies should investigate the long-term effects of Tai Chi on fall prevention in this population.

背景太极拳已被推荐为老年人预防跌倒的运动，在冠状病毒（COVID-19）大流行期间可能尤其有益。本研究旨在调查在 COVID-19 限制期间，定期练习太极拳对居住在疗养院的老年人站立平衡的益处。方法在 COVID-19 延长限制期间，对疗养院的 38 名老年人进行了横断面研究。参与者被分配到太极组（n = 18，有五年以上太极经验）和对照组（n = 20，无太极经验）。在四种情况下对站立平衡时的姿势摇摆进行评估：睁眼（EO）；闭眼（EC）；睁眼右腿向前交叉（ER）；睁眼左腿向前交叉（EL）。结果太极组的姿势摇摆明显少于对照组，尤其是在 EO 和 EL 条件下（p < 0.05）。结论经常练习太极拳有助于保持老年人的站立平衡，即使由于 COVID-19 的限制而导致户外活动受限。太极拳可能是一种有效的居家锻炼方法，可预防大流行病期间住在养老院的老年人平衡能力下降和可能跌倒。未来的研究应调查太极拳对预防这一人群跌倒的长期影响。

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引用次数: 0

The relationship between dietary pattern and physical activity combinations to physical performance in 85+ Japanese population: A cross-sectional study from the TOOTH study 日本 85 岁以上人口的饮食模式和体育锻炼组合与体能表现之间的关系：一项来自 TOOTH 研究的横断面研究

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100038

Tao Yu , Yuko Oguma , Keiko Asakura , Michiyo Takayama , Yukiko Abe , Yasumichi Arai

Background

Physical performance is a major contributor to frailty and sarcopenia. Healthier behaviour (diet and physical activity (PA)) are important, but the applicability of the evidence should be carefully discussed in the general older population and the population aged 85 years and older (85+ population). Evidence in the 85+ population is rare and there are no studies focusing on the healthier behaviours.

Methods

Data (n = 519) from the Tokyo Oldest Old survey on Total Health study were used. From each validated questionnaire in this age group, the dietary patterns (DPs) was identified, and the PA was estimated. Physical performance tests included grip strength, timed up-and-go test, and chair standing, which are important for assessing frailty or sarcopenia. Linear regression models were used to examine the relationship between the combination of DP and PA to physical performance.

Results

DPs identified `Various plant foods' (DP1), `Fish and mushrooms' (DP2), and `Cooked rice and miso soup' (DP3) were identified. The median PAI was 9.0 METs × h/week. Based on the characteristics of the combination of DP and PA with unhealthy behaviour as the reference group, all combinations were significantly associated with all physical performance tests if both achieved. However, it was observed that some combinations were not significantly associated with DP or PA alone.

Conclusions

Healthy behaviours (both diet and PA) are important for physical performance in the 85+ population. The association of PA in the 85+ population may vary depending on the dietary status of the individual.

背景体能是导致虚弱和肌肉疏松症的主要因素。更健康的行为（饮食和体力活动 (PA)）非常重要，但应仔细讨论证据在一般老年人群和 85 岁及以上人群（85 岁以上人群）中的适用性。85 岁及以上人群中的证据很少，也没有针对更健康行为的研究。从该年龄组的每份有效问卷中，确定了饮食模式（DPs），并估算了 PA。体能测试包括握力、定时起立行走测试和椅子站立，这些测试对评估虚弱或肌肉疏松症非常重要。我们使用线性回归模型来研究DP和PA的组合与体能表现之间的关系。结果确定了 "各种植物性食物"（DP1）、"鱼和蘑菇"（DP2）以及 "熟米饭和味噌汤"（DP3）等DP。PAI 中位数为 9.0 METs × h/周。根据以不健康行为为参照组的DP和PA组合的特征，如果同时达到这两个标准，所有组合都与所有体能表现测试有显著关联。结论健康行为（饮食和活动量）对 85 岁以上人群的体能表现非常重要。健康行为（饮食和运动量）对 85 岁以上人群的体能表现非常重要。

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引用次数: 0

Oral health status, oral health behavior, and frailty: A cross-sectional study 口腔健康状况、口腔健康行为和虚弱：横断面研究

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100039

Mizuki Saito , Yoshihiro Shimazaki , Toshiya Nonoyama , Yoshinori Inamoto

Background

There is an association between oral health and frailty, implying that tooth loss and periodontal disease increase the risk of frailty. To examine the association between oral health status and behaviors and frailty in individuals aged ≥ 75 years.

Methods

A total of 7,927 participants underwent oral health examinations at the ages of 75, 77, and 80 years. The questionnaire for medical checkup of old-old (QMCOO) was used to assess frailty. Modified Poisson regression analysis was performed, with frailty as the dependent variable and family dentist, regular dental checkups, number of teeth, periodontal status, and swallowing function as independent variables. Modified Poisson regression analyses were conducted using the presence or absence of nine QMCOO domains (excluding smoking) as dependent variables.

Results

Participants with a family dentist, those who underwent regular dental checkups, and those with a greater number of teeth had significantly lower relative risks (RRs) for frailty, with RRs of 0.72 [95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.59–0.89], 0.70 (95 % CI: 0.63–0.79), and 0.97 (95 % CI: 0.96–0.98), respectively. By contrast, individuals with periodontal pockets ≥ 6 mm and those with reduced swallowing function had significantly higher RRs for frailty [1.17 (95 % CI: 1.01–1.36) and 1.94 (95 % CI: 1.57–2.40), respectively]. Oral health status and behavior were also associated with QMCOO domains.

Conclusion

Older individuals with good oral health had a lower likelihood of frailty. Regular oral care provided by a family dentist can reduce some of the negative effects of aging.

背景口腔健康与体弱之间存在关联，这意味着牙齿脱落和牙周病会增加体弱的风险。方法共有 7927 名参与者在 75 岁、77 岁和 80 岁时接受了口腔健康检查。老年体检问卷（QMCOO）用于评估虚弱程度。以虚弱程度为因变量，以家庭牙医、定期牙科检查、牙齿数量、牙周状况和吞咽功能为自变量，进行了修正泊松回归分析。以有无九个 QMCOO 领域（不包括吸烟）作为因变量，进行了修正泊松回归分析。结果有家庭牙医的参与者、定期进行牙科检查的参与者和牙齿数量较多的参与者的虚弱相对风险（RRs）明显较低，分别为 0.72 [95 % 置信区间 (CI)：0.59-0.89]、0.70 (95 % CI：0.63-0.79) 和 0.97 (95 % CI：0.96-0.98)。相比之下，牙周袋≥6 毫米和吞咽功能减退者的虚弱率明显更高[分别为 1.17（95 % CI：1.01-1.36）和 1.94（95 % CI：1.57-2.40）]。口腔健康状况和行为也与 QMCOO 领域相关。家庭牙医提供的定期口腔护理可以减轻衰老带来的一些负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Defining geriatric care in a developing country: A Multidisciplinary model empowering clinical pharmacists 定义发展中国家的老年病护理：增强临床药剂师能力的多学科模式

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100035

Jehath Syed , Prathiba Pereira , Sri Harsha Chalasani , Madhan Ramesh , Tejeswini CJ , Shilpa Avarebeel , Kshama Ramesh , Ajay Sharma

Background

The elderly population often has complex health needs due to multimorbidity, polypharmacy, and inappropriate prescriptions. Clinical pharmacists play an important role in optimizing pharmacotherapy as a part of a multidisciplinary geriatric care team. However, there is a lack of integrated models in developing countries.

Aim

To develop a standardized framework for the provision of clinical pharmacy services in geriatric care – A Comprehensive Geriatric Care Model.

Methods

A systematic service design process was used to develop an innovative geriatric care model in a tertiary hospital in southern India. The roles of stakeholders were captured through interviews and observations. Evidence-based clinical pharmacy services were developed focusing on medication reconciliation, medication review, patient counselling, and transitions of care.

Results

The Comprehensive Geriatric Care Model integrates the pharmacist into coordinated care. The responsibilities of physicians, nurses, patients, caregivers, and pharmacists throughout the inpatient stay are shown in swim-lane diagrams. Pharmacy services address inappropriate prescriptions, poor adherence, adverse drug reactions, and fragmented care.

Conclusions

The systematic development of an interprofessional geriatric care model embedded with evidence-based clinical pharmacy services was made possible using a patient-centered service design methodology. The implementation and evaluation of this collaborative approach could significantly improve the quality of care and outcomes for older adults.

背景由于多病共存、多重用药和处方不当等原因，老年人群通常有着复杂的健康需求。临床药剂师作为多学科老年病护理团队的一部分，在优化药物治疗方面发挥着重要作用。方法采用系统化的服务设计流程，在印度南部的一家三甲医院开发出一种创新的老年病护理模式。通过访谈和观察，了解了利益相关者的角色。结果综合老年病护理模式将药剂师纳入了协调护理中。医生、护士、患者、护理人员和药剂师在整个住院期间的职责在泳道图中显示出来。药学服务解决了处方不当、依从性差、药物不良反应和护理分散等问题。结论采用以患者为中心的服务设计方法，系统地开发了一种嵌入了循证临床药学服务的跨专业老年病护理模式。这种合作方法的实施和评估可显著改善老年人的护理质量和效果。

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal changes in anxiety and depression and their ameliorating lifestyle factors among community-dwelling older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间社区老年人焦虑和抑郁的纵向变化及其改善生活方式的因素

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100036

Jumpei Maruta , Hideo Kurozumi , Kentaro Uchida , Satoshi Akada , Koki Inoue

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lifestyle and mental health of community-dwelling older adults. Physical activity and social interaction are healthy lifestyle factors that can reduce psychological distress among community-dwelling older adults, although their effect may vary by sex. However, it is unclear how the anxiety and depression of older adults living in the community changed when measures were implemented to limit social interactions to control infection, as in the early stages of COVID-19, and what lifestyle factors helped ameliorate psychological distress in each sex.

Methods

This study included 550 participants aged 65 and older, who visited a drug store in Daito, Osaka Prefecture, Japan. Baseline questionnaire surveys were conducted from January to April 2021. Follow-up surveys were conducted three months after the baseline survey. We collected data on participants’ anxiety and depression symptoms using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale-6 (K6), as well as on their lifestyle factors that may have affected anxiety and depression symptoms.

Results

A total of 520 participants completed the baseline and follow-up surveys. K6 scores did not show a significant difference, while the frequency of social interactions with neighbors, family, and friends increased significantly between the two surveys. Among women participants, more frequent moderate-intensity exercise and family interactions were associated with improved K6 scores.

Conclusions

When social interactions are restricted for infection control in community-dwelling older adults who are independent in activities of daily living including the ability to go out, social interactions recover over time, but anxiety and depressive symptoms persist. In women, lifestyle factors such as frequent moderate-intensity exercise may help reduce persisted anxiety and depression.

背景COVID-19大流行影响了社区老年人的生活方式和心理健康。体育锻炼和社会交往是健康的生活方式，可以减轻社区老年人的心理压力，但其效果可能因性别而异。然而，目前还不清楚在 COVID-19 的早期阶段，为控制感染而限制社会交往的措施实施后，居住在社区的老年人的焦虑和抑郁情况会发生怎样的变化，以及哪些生活方式因素有助于改善不同性别老年人的心理困扰。基线问卷调查于 2021 年 1 月至 4 月进行。基线调查结束三个月后进行了后续调查。我们使用凯斯勒心理压力量表-6（K6）收集了参与者的焦虑和抑郁症状数据，以及可能影响焦虑和抑郁症状的生活方式因素的数据。K6 分数没有显示出显著差异，而与邻居、家人和朋友的社交互动频率在两次调查之间有明显增加。在女性参与者中，更频繁的中等强度运动和家庭互动与 K6 分数的提高有关。结论当社区居住的老年人因感染控制而限制社交互动时，随着时间的推移，社交互动会逐渐恢复，但焦虑和抑郁症状会持续存在。对于女性而言，经常进行中等强度的锻炼等生活方式因素可能有助于减轻持续存在的焦虑和抑郁。

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引用次数: 0

A review of studies that used B mode ultrasound to estimate age-related changes in anterior thigh skeletal muscle thickness across the adult lifespan 对使用 B 型超声波估测成年人一生中大腿前侧骨骼肌厚度与年龄相关变化的研究进行回顾。

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus

Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2024.100037

Isobel Jacob , Gareth Jones , Peter Francis , Mark I Johnson

Background

The purpose of this review was to synthesise and determine the age-related change per annum in muscle thickness of the anterior thigh across the adult lifespan.

Methods

Electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus and MEDLINE) were searched for primary studies that were screened for eligibility.

Results

Following screening against eligibility criteria, 27 studies were included in the quantitative analysis. Linear regression revealed a 0.02 cm (95 % CI: −0.01, −0.03, p < 0.05) decline in mean muscle thickness per annum from 18 to 80 years of age, a 0.03 cm (95 % CI: −0.01 to −0.05) decline per annum between 20 and 49 years of age and a 0.05 cm (95 % CI: −0.03, −0.07) decline per annum between 50 and 80 years of age. There was a 1.5 cm (t (25) = 6.12, p < 0.05; 95 % CI= 0.98- 1.97 cm) mean difference in muscle thickness between the youngest (18–29yrs: 5.13 cm ± 0.38) and oldest adults (70–80yrs) 3.63 cm ± 0.63). There was no difference in the rate of decline of mean muscle thickness between males (−0.05 cm/annum, 95 % CI= −0.08, −0.02) and females (−0.04 cm/annum, 95 % CI= −0.07, −0.02). There was a larger difference in anterior thigh muscle thickness between the youngest and oldest in females (4.98 cm vs. 3.34 cm, 33 %, p < 0.05) compared with males (5.23 cm vs. 3.98 cm, 24 %, p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Mean anterior thigh thickness was estimated to decrease at a rate of 0.02 cm per annum and this rate of decrease was greater after 50 years of age. Females were more susceptible to age-related reductions in anterior thigh muscle thickness than males.

背景本综述的目的是综合并确定成年人一生中大腿前侧肌肉厚度每年与年龄相关的变化。方法在电子数据库（PubMed、SPORTDiscus 和 MEDLINE）中搜索经筛选合格的主要研究。线性回归结果显示，从 18 岁到 80 岁，平均肌肉厚度每年下降 0.02 厘米（95 % CI：-0.01，-0.03，p < 0.05）；从 20 岁到 49 岁，平均肌肉厚度每年下降 0.03 厘米（95 % CI：-0.01 到 -0.05）；从 50 岁到 80 岁，平均肌肉厚度每年下降 0.05 厘米（95 % CI：-0.03，-0.07）。最年轻的成年人（18-29 岁：5.13 厘米 ± 0.38）和最年长的成年人（70-80 岁：3.63 厘米 ± 0.63）之间的肌肉厚度平均相差 1.5 厘米（t (25) = 6.12，p < 0.05; 95 % CI= 0.98-1.97 厘米）。男性（-0.05 厘米/年，95 % CI= -0.08，-0.02）和女性（-0.04 厘米/年，95 % CI= -0.07，-0.02）的平均肌肉厚度下降率没有差异。女性（4.98 厘米 vs. 3.34 厘米，33 %，p < 0.05）与男性（5.23 厘米 vs. 3.98 厘米，24 %，p < 0.05）相比，最年轻和最年长者的大腿前侧肌肉厚度差异更大。女性的大腿前侧肌肉厚度比男性更容易因年龄增长而减少。

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