Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100205
Ayumi Honda Ph.D. , Yin Liu Ph.D. , Mayo Ono Ph.D , Takahiro Nishida R.N , Tatsuya Tsukigi , Elizabeth B. Fauth Ph.D. , Sumihisa Honda Ph.D.
Background
This mixed-methods study aimed to examine the effects of restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services on family caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
We recruited from community-based care services 200 family caregivers who were living with an older care recipient. We first conducted thematic analyses based on open-ended responses to questions regarding the impact of restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services. We then extracted themes to examine and determine patterns across caregiving characteristics. Next, we conducted linear regression analysis to examine associations between impact of restrictions and caregiving contexts.
Results
We identified 11 themes regarding the impact of restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services. Most frequently reported impact included “the family caregiver cannot bathe the older person at home” and that “the family caregiver cannot go to work/income decreases”. Caregiver employment, more caregiving tasks, and more behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia of the care recipient were associated with harmful impacts resulting from restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services.
Conclusion
During the COVID-19 pandemic, family caregivers sometimes felt ill equipped to provide home care. Caregiver employment, more caregiving tasks, and more BPSD were factors associated with the negative impact from restricted community-based care service use.
{"title":"Restrictions in community-based care services and the effect on family caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A mixed-methods study","authors":"Ayumi Honda Ph.D. , Yin Liu Ph.D. , Mayo Ono Ph.D , Takahiro Nishida R.N , Tatsuya Tsukigi , Elizabeth B. Fauth Ph.D. , Sumihisa Honda Ph.D.","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This mixed-methods study aimed to examine the effects of restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services on family caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recruited from community-based care services 200 family caregivers who were living with an older care recipient. We first conducted thematic analyses based on open-ended responses to questions regarding the impact of restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services. We then extracted themes to examine and determine patterns across caregiving characteristics. Next, we conducted linear regression analysis to examine associations between impact of restrictions and caregiving contexts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We identified 11 themes regarding the impact of restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services. Most frequently reported impact included “the family caregiver cannot bathe the older person at home” and that “the family caregiver cannot go to work/income decreases”. Caregiver employment, more caregiving tasks, and more behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia of the care recipient were associated with harmful impacts resulting from restrictions in the utilization of community-based care services.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, family caregivers sometimes felt ill equipped to provide home care. Caregiver employment, more caregiving tasks, and more BPSD were factors associated with the negative impact from restricted community-based care service use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145095970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100204
Hemant Singh Gurjar , Anita Mehta
Background
This study investigates rural–urban differences in Pain-Depression Comorbidity (PDC) and its association with elder abuse among older adults in India. It aims to identify the socio-demographic, functional and behavioural health predictors contributing to PDC and elder abuse.
Data and methods
Data were drawn from LASI, 2017–18 survey, comprising 30,772 individuals aged 60+. Pain, depressive symptoms (CES-D-10) and elder abuse were defined based on self-reported data. Covariates on socio-demographic, functional and behavioural health were included. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, nested-multilevel logistic-regression models and multivariable-decomposition analysis were used to quantify rural–urban disparities in PDC.
Results
The prevalence of PDC was higher among rural older adults (15 %) compared to their urban counterparts (11 %). A significant association between elder abuse and PDC was observed in both rural and urban areas. The odds of experiencing PDC were significantly higher among individuals reporting elder abuse, with a stronger association in urban areas (AOR = 2.53) than in rural areas (AOR = 1.78). Decomposition analysis shows that 66 % of the rural–urban gap in PDC was attributed to differences in observed characteristics, particularly education, caste, functional health, living arrangement and elder abuse.
Conclusion
This study offers important insights into the interrelationship between elder abuse and PDC in India, revealing substantial rural–urban disparities. The findings highlight the urgent need for residence-specific public health strategies to address the dual burden of pain and depression among older adults. Targeted interventions, especially in rural areas, should focus on education, functional-health and the prevention of elder abuse.
{"title":"Examining rural-urban differences in pain-depression comorbidity and its association with elder abuse: Multivariable decomposition analysis of nationally representative cross-sectional survey","authors":"Hemant Singh Gurjar , Anita Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study investigates rural–urban differences in Pain-Depression Comorbidity (PDC) and its association with elder abuse among older adults in India. It aims to identify the socio-demographic, functional and behavioural health predictors contributing to PDC and elder abuse.</div></div><div><h3>Data and methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from LASI, 2017–18 survey, comprising 30,772 individuals aged 60+. Pain, depressive symptoms (CES-D-10) and elder abuse were defined based on self-reported data. Covariates on socio-demographic, functional and behavioural health were included. Descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, nested-multilevel logistic-regression models and multivariable-decomposition analysis were used to quantify rural–urban disparities in PDC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of PDC was higher among rural older adults (15 %) compared to their urban counterparts (11 %). A significant association between elder abuse and PDC was observed in both rural and urban areas. The odds of experiencing PDC were significantly higher among individuals reporting elder abuse, with a stronger association in urban areas (AOR = 2.53) than in rural areas (AOR = 1.78). Decomposition analysis shows that 66 % of the rural–urban gap in PDC was attributed to differences in observed characteristics, particularly education, caste, functional health, living arrangement and elder abuse.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study offers important insights into the interrelationship between elder abuse and PDC in India, revealing substantial rural–urban disparities. The findings highlight the urgent need for residence-specific public health strategies to address the dual burden of pain and depression among older adults. Targeted interventions, especially in rural areas, should focus on education, functional-health and the prevention of elder abuse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145010353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected physical activity (PA) and social activity (SA) in older adults. In Japan, both PA and SA were restricted during the pandemic, and both began to recover after 2021 based on changes in the social climate. This study aimed to explore the trajectories of PA and SA among older adults during the pandemic and post-COVID-19 periods with a five-year follow-up period from 2020 to 2025.
Methods
The study participants included 610 community-dwelling older adults from Japan’s urban prefectures who completed an annual online survey assessing PA and SA. PA was measured using the Short Form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, SA was evaluated using a social activity score. Changes in total PA duration and total SA scores from 2020 to 2025 were analyzed.
Results
By 2023, PA has recovered fully, with the total PA time returning to pre-pandemic levels. The frequency of shopping and health promotion activities also increased during this period. However, SA remained low until 2025, showing a slower recovery than that of PA. By 2025, participation in activities such as volunteer and hobby groups will return to pre-pandemic levels, while engagement in neighborhood associations, town events, and jobs will remain limited.
Conclusion
PA and SA significantly declined during the pandemic but showed a recovery trend post-2021. Although PA has fully recovered, SA remains partially restricted as of 2025, emphasizing the need for continuous efforts to promote social engagement among older adults in the post-COVID-19 era.
{"title":"Changes in physical and social activities during and a post-COVID-19: A five-year panel survey (2020–2025)","authors":"Minoru Yamada , Yusuke Terao , Iwao Kojima , Shu Tanaka , Hiroki Saegusa , Miho Nambu , Shiho Soma , Hiroki Matsumoto , Masaya Saito , Kohei Okawa , Naoto Haga , Hidenori Arai","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100203","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100203","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has severely affected physical activity (PA) and social activity (SA) in older adults. In Japan, both PA and SA were restricted during the pandemic, and both began to recover after 2021 based on changes in the social climate. This study aimed to explore the trajectories of PA and SA among older adults during the pandemic and post-COVID-19 periods with a five-year follow-up period from 2020 to 2025.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study participants included 610 community-dwelling older adults from Japan’s urban prefectures who completed an annual online survey assessing PA and SA. PA was measured using the Short Form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, SA was evaluated using a social activity score. Changes in total PA duration and total SA scores from 2020 to 2025 were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>By 2023, PA has recovered fully, with the total PA time returning to pre-pandemic levels. The frequency of shopping and health promotion activities also increased during this period. However, SA remained low until 2025, showing a slower recovery than that of PA. By 2025, participation in activities such as volunteer and hobby groups will return to pre-pandemic levels, while engagement in neighborhood associations, town events, and jobs will remain limited.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PA and SA significantly declined during the pandemic but showed a recovery trend post-2021. Although PA has fully recovered, SA remains partially restricted as of 2025, emphasizing the need for continuous efforts to promote social engagement among older adults in the post-COVID-19 era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-24DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100202
Oluranti Omolara Babalola , Adebobola Imeh-Nathaniel , Emmanuel I Nathaniel , Samuel I Nathaniel , Richard L. Goodwin , Laurie Theriot Roley , Ohmar Win , Thomas I. Nathaniel
Objective
This study aimed to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors, psychotropic medication, and Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) in patients with a history of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (ADNPH) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (ADMCI) and how it varies by sex, using the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) model.
Method
The study analyzed 33,735 patients who presented with ADMCI (n = 33,064) or ADNPH (n = 671) between February 2016 and August 2021 at Prisma Health-Upstate. Multivariable logistic regression identified key factors associated with ADNPH and ADMCI, including age, race, and medication use.
Results
African Americans (OR = 0.388, 95 % CI: 0.277–0.542), individuals with a history of tobacco use (OR = 1.175, 95 % CI: 1.004–1.375), and those treated with buspirone (OR = 1.415, 95 % CI: 1.116–1.794) were associated with ADNPH, whereas treatment with risperidone (OR = 0.217, 95 % CI: 0.103–0.459) was linked to ADMCI. In sex-stratified analyses, males with ADNPH were more likely to report a history of tobacco use (OR = 1.818, 95 % CI: 1.370–2.411, p < 0.001) and treated with citalopram (OR = 2.102, 95 % CI: 1.561–2.831, p < 0.001). Males with ADMCI were more frequently African Americans (OR = 0.312, 95 % CI: 0.174–0.559, p < 0.001) and reported alcohol use (OR = 0.685, 95 % CI: 0.531–0.885, p = 0.004). Among females, ADNPH were associated with alcohol use (OR = 1.684, 95 % CI: 1.359–2.087, p < 0.001) and treated with aripiprazole (OR = 1.690, 95 % CI: 1.163–2.458, p = 0.006) or memantine (OR = 1.752, 95 % CI: 1.283–2.392, p < 0.001). Females with ADMCI were African Americans (OR = 0.470, 95 % CI: 0.311–0.710, p < 0.001) and treated with donepezil (OR = 0.552, 95 % CI: 0.399–0.765, p < 0.001) or risperidone (OR = 0.046, 95 % CI: 0.006–0.330, p = 0.002).
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that address social factors, psychotropic medication access, and disparities in healthcare to improve outcomes for patients with NPH and MCI.
{"title":"Sociodemographic factors and psychotropic medication use among Alzheimer’s dementia patients diagnosed with normal pressure hydrocephalus and mild cognitive impairment: Sex variation in a retrospective cohort analysis","authors":"Oluranti Omolara Babalola , Adebobola Imeh-Nathaniel , Emmanuel I Nathaniel , Samuel I Nathaniel , Richard L. Goodwin , Laurie Theriot Roley , Ohmar Win , Thomas I. Nathaniel","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the relationship between sociodemographic factors, psychotropic medication, and Alzheimer’s Dementia (AD) in patients with a history of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (ADNPH) and Mild Cognitive Impairment (ADMCI) and how it varies by sex, using the Social Determinants of Health (SDH) model.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study analyzed 33,735 patients who presented with ADMCI (<em>n</em> = 33,064) or ADNPH (<em>n</em> = 671) between February 2016 and August 2021 at Prisma Health-Upstate. Multivariable logistic regression identified key factors associated with ADNPH and ADMCI, including age, race, and medication use.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>African Americans (OR = 0.388, 95 % CI: 0.277–0.542), individuals with a history of tobacco use (OR = 1.175, 95 % CI: 1.004–1.375), and those treated with buspirone (OR = 1.415, 95 % CI: 1.116–1.794) were associated with ADNPH, whereas treatment with risperidone (OR = 0.217, 95 % CI: 0.103–0.459) was linked to ADMCI. In sex-stratified analyses, males with ADNPH were more likely to report a history of tobacco use (OR = 1.818, 95 % CI: 1.370–2.411, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and treated with citalopram (OR = 2.102, 95 % CI: 1.561–2.831, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Males with ADMCI were more frequently African Americans (OR = 0.312, 95 % CI: 0.174–0.559, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and reported alcohol use (OR = 0.685, 95 % CI: 0.531–0.885, <em>p</em> = 0.004). Among females, ADNPH were associated with alcohol use (OR = 1.684, 95 % CI: 1.359–2.087, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and treated with aripiprazole (OR = 1.690, 95 % CI: 1.163–2.458, <em>p</em> = 0.006) or memantine (OR = 1.752, 95 % CI: 1.283–2.392, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Females with ADMCI were African Americans (OR = 0.470, 95 % CI: 0.311–0.710, <em>p</em> < 0.001) and treated with donepezil (OR = 0.552, 95 % CI: 0.399–0.765, <em>p</em> < 0.001) or risperidone (OR = 0.046, 95 % CI: 0.006–0.330, <em>p</em> = 0.002).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings highlight the need for targeted interventions that address social factors, psychotropic medication access, and disparities in healthcare to improve outcomes for patients with NPH and MCI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-20DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100200
Everson de Cássio Robello , Gabriela Cabett Cipolli , Natália Almeida Lima , Isabela Fernandes Nonato , Mônica Sanches Yassuda , Danillo Magalhães Xavier Assunção , Ronei Luciano Mamoni , Andréia de Oliveira Pain , Ana Maria Kemp , Richard C. Oude Voshaar , Gustavo Duque , Ivan Aprahamian
Background
Chronic low-grade inflammation has been implicated as a potential contributor to sarcopenia, but the specific inflammatory mediators involved remain under investigation. This study explores the association between serum interleukin-17 levels and sarcopenia in older outpatients without pre-existing inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the MiMiCS-FRAIL cohort. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 criteria. IL-17 plasma levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association between sarcopenia and IL-17 levels.
Results
A total of 255 older adults aged ≥60 years (67.6 % women) were included, with a mean age of 70.8 ± 7.3 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 16.9 %. Advanced age (OR = 4.26; 95 % CI: 1.75–10.41; p = 0.001) was significantly associated with sarcopenia. In the fully adjusted model, IL-17 (log-transformed) remained significantly associated with sarcopenia (OR = 1.74; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.74; p = 0.017). Age (OR = 1.10; 95 % CI: 1.03–1.17; p = 0.003) and BMI (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.60–0.79; p < 0.001) were also associated. IL-6, TNF-α, number of medications, sex, and cognitive score were not statistically significant.
Conclusions
Elevated IL-17 levels were associated with higher odds of sarcopenia among older adults. These findings suggest that IL-17 may serve as a potential biomarker for sarcopenia, although further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate its causal role.
慢性低度炎症已被认为是肌肉减少症的潜在诱因，但具体的炎症介质仍在研究中。本研究探讨无炎症或自身免疫性疾病的老年门诊患者血清白细胞介素-17水平与肌肉减少症之间的关系。方法采用来自mimics -虚弱队列的数据进行横断面研究。肌少症的定义是根据欧洲老年人肌少症工作组2的标准。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）测定血浆IL-17水平。采用多元二元logistic回归模型评估肌肉减少症与IL-17水平之间的关系。结果共纳入255例60岁以上老年人，其中女性占67.6%，平均年龄70.8±7.3岁。肌肉减少症患病率为16.9%。高龄（OR = 4.26; 95% CI: 1.75-10.41; p = 0.001）与肌肉减少症显著相关。在完全调整的模型中，IL-17（对数转换）仍然与肌肉减少症显著相关（OR = 1.74; 95% CI: 1.11-2.74; p = 0.017）。年龄（OR = 1.10; 95% CI: 1.03-1.17; p = 0.003）和BMI （OR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.60-0.79; p < 0.001）也相关。IL-6、TNF-α、用药次数、性别、认知评分差异无统计学意义。结论IL-17水平升高与老年人肌肉减少症的发生率增高有关。这些发现表明IL-17可能作为肌肉减少症的潜在生物标志物，尽管需要进一步的纵向研究来阐明其因果作用。
{"title":"Association between IL-17 and sarcopenia in older adults","authors":"Everson de Cássio Robello , Gabriela Cabett Cipolli , Natália Almeida Lima , Isabela Fernandes Nonato , Mônica Sanches Yassuda , Danillo Magalhães Xavier Assunção , Ronei Luciano Mamoni , Andréia de Oliveira Pain , Ana Maria Kemp , Richard C. Oude Voshaar , Gustavo Duque , Ivan Aprahamian","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic low-grade inflammation has been implicated as a potential contributor to sarcopenia, but the specific inflammatory mediators involved remain under investigation. This study explores the association between serum interleukin-17 levels and sarcopenia in older outpatients without pre-existing inflammatory or autoimmune diseases.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the MiMiCS-FRAIL cohort. Sarcopenia was defined according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People 2 criteria. IL-17 plasma levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A multivariate binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association between sarcopenia and IL-17 levels.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 255 older adults aged ≥60 years (67.6 % women) were included, with a mean age of 70.8 ± 7.3 years. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 16.9 %. Advanced age (OR = 4.26; 95 % CI: 1.75–10.41; <em>p</em> = 0.001) was significantly associated with sarcopenia. In the fully adjusted model, IL-17 (log-transformed) remained significantly associated with sarcopenia (OR = 1.74; 95 % CI: 1.11–2.74; <em>p</em> = 0.017). Age (OR = 1.10; 95 % CI: 1.03–1.17; <em>p</em> = 0.003) and BMI (OR = 0.69; 95 % CI: 0.60–0.79; <em>p</em> < 0.001) were also associated. IL-6, TNF-α, number of medications, sex, and cognitive score were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Elevated IL-17 levels were associated with higher odds of sarcopenia among older adults. These findings suggest that IL-17 may serve as a potential biomarker for sarcopenia, although further longitudinal studies are needed to elucidate its causal role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144907462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-13DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100199
Sara Uboldi , Lorenza Iannacci , Vanda Menon , Alessandro Bortolotti , Giulia Candeloro , Alessandro Crociata , Valeria Pica , Angelo Romagnoli , Maria Tartari , Andrea Fabbo , Alessandra Marasco , Pier Luigi Sacco
Introduction
The global rise in dementia prevalence necessitates innovative non-pharmacological interventions to enhance cognitive function and the quality of life of affected individuals. This pilot study evaluates the "Archives and Health" program, a creative arts-based initiative that uses archival materials to facilitate reminiscence therapy for individuals with dementia.
Methods
This mixed-methods study involved a total of 50 participants (aged 65-94), divided into three different activities, with varying levels of cognitive impairment, recruited from different care settings. The program featured three interventions: "Memory Box," "My Memory Box," and the "Pre-Texts Protocol," incorporating music to enhance personal engagement. Quantitative emotional well-being was assessed using the RADAR toolkit, while qualitative insights were derived from focus groups, interviews, and ethnographic observations
Results
The "My Memory Box" intervention led to a significant decrease in negative affect (Mean pre = 8.73, Mean post = 7.00, p = 0.007) without altering positive affect. Conversely, the "Pre-Texts Protocol" exhibited consistent increases in positive affect across sessions (p-values ranging from 0.0001 to 0.0023). Qualitative analyses indicated that the program effectively activated autobiographical memories, improved social interactions, and fostered emotional resonance through multisensory engagement, particularly via music. Participants expressed enhanced social connectivity and personal relevance during activities.
The results should be considered preliminary also in light of the mixed qualitative design evaluation, specifically chosen and studied by the researchers as a methodological reflection on the development of mixed qualitative methodologies.
Discussion
The "Archives and Health" program demonstrated potential in improving emotional and social well-being among individuals with dementia. Its ability to evoke positive emotional responses and decrease negative states indicates the utility of archival materials and creative engagement in therapeutic contexts. Future studies with larger samples are necessary to confirm these findings and explore their clinical implications more robustly.
{"title":"Archives and Health program for dementia: A pilot study of a non-pharmacological creative arts-based intervention protocol","authors":"Sara Uboldi , Lorenza Iannacci , Vanda Menon , Alessandro Bortolotti , Giulia Candeloro , Alessandro Crociata , Valeria Pica , Angelo Romagnoli , Maria Tartari , Andrea Fabbo , Alessandra Marasco , Pier Luigi Sacco","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The global rise in dementia prevalence necessitates innovative non-pharmacological interventions to enhance cognitive function and the quality of life of affected individuals. This pilot study evaluates the \"Archives and Health\" program, a creative arts-based initiative that uses archival materials to facilitate reminiscence therapy for individuals with dementia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This mixed-methods study involved a total of 50 participants (aged 65-94), divided into three different activities, with varying levels of cognitive impairment, recruited from different care settings. The program featured three interventions: \"Memory Box,\" \"My Memory Box,\" and the \"Pre-Texts Protocol,\" incorporating music to enhance personal engagement. Quantitative emotional well-being was assessed using the RADAR toolkit, while qualitative insights were derived from focus groups, interviews, and ethnographic observations</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The \"My Memory Box\" intervention led to a significant decrease in negative affect (Mean pre = 8.73, Mean post = 7.00, p = 0.007) without altering positive affect. Conversely, the \"Pre-Texts Protocol\" exhibited consistent increases in positive affect across sessions (p-values ranging from 0.0001 to 0.0023). Qualitative analyses indicated that the program effectively activated autobiographical memories, improved social interactions, and fostered emotional resonance through multisensory engagement, particularly via music. Participants expressed enhanced social connectivity and personal relevance during activities.</div><div>The results should be considered preliminary also in light of the mixed qualitative design evaluation, specifically chosen and studied by the researchers as a methodological reflection on the development of mixed qualitative methodologies.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>The \"Archives and Health\" program demonstrated potential in improving emotional and social well-being among individuals with dementia. Its ability to evoke positive emotional responses and decrease negative states indicates the utility of archival materials and creative engagement in therapeutic contexts. Future studies with larger samples are necessary to confirm these findings and explore their clinical implications more robustly.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 4","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100197
Xun Ci Soh , Andree Hartanto , Naoki Ling , Mary Reyes , Lester Sim , Nadyanna M. Majeed
Informal caregiving is a physically and emotionally taxing role that has a profound impact on caregivers’ emotional and mental well-being. Previous research has examined the mental health of caregivers and found elevated levels of depression, anxiety, burden, burnout, or stress. However, the global rates of the five mental health factors and/or outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, burden, burnout, and stress) among caregivers remain largely unclear. Therefore, this umbrella review examines the prevalence of these factors and/or outcomes, including various subgroup factors, such as gender, medical and/or psychological condition of the care recipient, region, and assessment tools. A systematic search was conducted in five databases and two sources, and a total of 18 meta-analyses were included for final analysis. The overall median prevalence was 33.35% for depression, 35.25% for anxiety, and 49.26% for burden. However, we could not examine the rates of stress and burnout due to insufficient meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were comparable across gender, medical and/or psychological condition of the care recipient, and region, suggesting that caregivers face comparable mental health risks across these diverse groups. These findings highlight the need for greater mental health awareness and for governmental and healthcare institutions to introduce effective interventions and stronger support systems.
{"title":"Prevalence of depression, anxiety, burden, burnout, and stress in informal caregivers: An umbrella review of meta-analyses","authors":"Xun Ci Soh , Andree Hartanto , Naoki Ling , Mary Reyes , Lester Sim , Nadyanna M. Majeed","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Informal caregiving is a physically and emotionally taxing role that has a profound impact on caregivers’ emotional and mental well-being. Previous research has examined the mental health of caregivers and found elevated levels of depression, anxiety, burden, burnout, or stress. However, the global rates of the five mental health factors and/or outcomes (i.e., depression, anxiety, burden, burnout, and stress) among caregivers remain largely unclear. Therefore, this umbrella review examines the prevalence of these factors and/or outcomes, including various subgroup factors, such as gender, medical and/or psychological condition of the care recipient, region, and assessment tools. A systematic search was conducted in five databases and two sources, and a total of 18 meta-analyses were included for final analysis. The overall median prevalence was 33.35% for depression, 35.25% for anxiety, and 49.26% for burden. However, we could not examine the rates of stress and burnout due to insufficient meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were comparable across gender, medical and/or psychological condition of the care recipient, and region, suggesting that caregivers face comparable mental health risks across these diverse groups. These findings highlight the need for greater mental health awareness and for governmental and healthcare institutions to introduce effective interventions and stronger support systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144866277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Preoperative risk assessment is important, and the traditional evaluation is ineffective in identifying frail older patients. We intend to report the association between frailty, as diagnosed using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) modified frailty index, and immediate and one-month postoperative outcome in older adults undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery.
Methods
This prospective study was conducted in the inpatient department of a tertiary care centre. The preoperative data along with comorbidity, frailty and other geriatric syndromes were collected from 100 older adults, undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. The outcomes were day 3 postoperative complications such as delirium, electrolyte imbalance, acute kidney injury, pulmonary embolism, intensive care unit admission and infection. Mobility, and mortality were assessed on 30th post-operative day.
Results
The mean age of the study population was 67.8±6.75 years, 80 % were between the age of 60-74 years, 55 (55 %) were females, 28 patients were frail. Hypertension (n = 48) was the most prevalent comorbidity, followed by diabetes (n = 29). Among the immediate post-operative complications, frail patients had higher risk of hyponatremia (OR: 39.44; CI: 4.84-1734.41), acute kidney injury (OR: 6.8; CI: 1.58-33.37), delirium (OR: 23; CI: 5.23-134.84), and infection (OR: 9.44; CI: 2.32-44.87). At 30-day post-operative day frail patients had poor mobility (18.05±8.4 vs 24.45±5.6).
Conclusion
Frailty is an important predictor of immediate and short-term post-operative complications in older adults undergoing major elective orthopaedic surgery. Pre-operative screening for frailty could help focus care towards vulnerable patients and prevent adverse events during post-operative period.
{"title":"Frailty assessment as a predictor of postoperative complications and life space in Indian older adults undergoing elective major orthopaedic surgery: A prospective study from a tertiary care centre","authors":"Abhijith Rajaram Rao , Sumitab Singh , Baburao Gudeti , Pramod Kumar Mehta , Rajesh Malhotra , Avinash Chakrawarty , Aparajit Ballav Dey , Prasun Chatterjee","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Preoperative risk assessment is important, and the traditional evaluation is ineffective in identifying frail older patients. We intend to report the association between frailty, as diagnosed using the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) modified frailty index, and immediate and one-month postoperative outcome in older adults undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This prospective study was conducted in the inpatient department of a tertiary care centre. The preoperative data along with comorbidity, frailty and other geriatric syndromes were collected from 100 older adults, undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery. The outcomes were day 3 postoperative complications such as delirium, electrolyte imbalance, acute kidney injury, pulmonary embolism, intensive care unit admission and infection. Mobility, and mortality were assessed on 30<sup>th</sup> post-operative day.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean age of the study population was 67.8±6.75 years, 80 % were between the age of 60-74 years, 55 (55 %) were females, 28 patients were frail. Hypertension (<em>n =</em> 48) was the most prevalent comorbidity, followed by diabetes (<em>n =</em> 29). Among the immediate post-operative complications, frail patients had higher risk of hyponatremia (OR: 39.44; CI: 4.84-1734.41), acute kidney injury (OR: 6.8; CI: 1.58-33.37), delirium (OR: 23; CI: 5.23-134.84), and infection (OR: 9.44; CI: 2.32-44.87). At 30-day post-operative day frail patients had poor mobility (18.05±8.4 vs 24.45±5.6).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Frailty is an important predictor of immediate and short-term post-operative complications in older adults undergoing major elective orthopaedic surgery. Pre-operative screening for frailty could help focus care towards vulnerable patients and prevent adverse events during post-operative period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100198"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144858469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-08DOI: 10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100196
Vasim Ahamad , Ujjwal Das
Background
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with a growing burden in low- and middle-income countries such as India. Rapid urbanization, lifestyle changes, and demographic shifts have made internal migration a critical determinant of health. The present study aims to investigate the association between migration and CVD among older males in India.
Methods
Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI Wave-1), including 29,944 male respondents aged 45 years and above. Descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression, and Fairlie decomposition analysis were employed to analyze the association between migration and self-reported CVD. Migration streams were categorized as rural–rural, rural–urban, urban–rural, and urban–urban.
Results
Migrants had significantly higher odds of CVD compared to non-migrants (Adjusted OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.19). Migration streams involving urban exposure (rural–urban and urban–urban) were associated with a higher CVD risk. Longer duration of stay at the destination, inter-state and early-life migration were also associated with increased CVD risk. Urban residence, higher education, better economic status, and being unemployed were independently associated with elevated CVD risk. Fairlie decomposition showed that 81% of the CVD disparity between migrants and non-migrants could be explained by observed factors, with place of residence (50.25%), education (18.85%), and MPCE quintile (9.23%) being the major contributors.
Conclusion
Migration, particularly to or within urban areas, is significantly associated with increased CVD risk among older Indian males. The findings underscore the need for public health policies that address urban lifestyle risks and improve health monitoring and preventive care for migrant populations.
{"title":"Health on the move: cardiovascular disease risk among ageing male migrants in India","authors":"Vasim Ahamad , Ujjwal Das","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, with a growing burden in low- and middle-income countries such as India. Rapid urbanization, lifestyle changes, and demographic shifts have made internal migration a critical determinant of health. The present study aims to investigate the association between migration and CVD among older males in India.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were drawn from the Longitudinal Aging Study in India (LASI Wave-1), including 29,944 male respondents aged 45 years and above. Descriptive statistics, multivariate logistic regression, and Fairlie decomposition analysis were employed to analyze the association between migration and self-reported CVD. Migration streams were categorized as rural–rural, rural–urban, urban–rural, and urban–urban.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Migrants had significantly higher odds of CVD compared to non-migrants (Adjusted OR: 1.12, 95% CI: 1.05–1.19). Migration streams involving urban exposure (rural–urban and urban–urban) were associated with a higher CVD risk. Longer duration of stay at the destination, inter-state and early-life migration were also associated with increased CVD risk. Urban residence, higher education, better economic status, and being unemployed were independently associated with elevated CVD risk. Fairlie decomposition showed that 81% of the CVD disparity between migrants and non-migrants could be explained by observed factors, with place of residence (50.25%), education (18.85%), and MPCE quintile (9.23%) being the major contributors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Migration, particularly to or within urban areas, is significantly associated with increased CVD risk among older Indian males. The findings underscore the need for public health policies that address urban lifestyle risks and improve health monitoring and preventive care for migrant populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144842185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding the particularities of thyroid-cognition interactions in older adults is crucial in assessing the risks and evaluating therapeutic options.
Methods
Cross-sectional analyses where participants from Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (HC), with complete neurocognitive tests, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) <10 µIU/mL, and geriatric depression scale (GDS) <5, were eligible. Linear and logistic regression models, including testing for non-linearity, were performed. Sex strata were explored.
Results
Of the total 1845 multiethnic US-participants, with a median age of 73 (IQR: 68, 78); 887 (48 %) were females, and 1056 (57 %) had MCI. The median TSH level was 1.70 µIU/mL (IQR: 1.15, 2.40); significantly lower in MCI than HC (1.66 vs. 1.74 µIU/mL, p-value=0.02). There was a significant association between TSH and overall cognition only in males (adj. ßMales=-0.40[-0.74, -0.07], p-value=0.019). The odds of being diagnosed with MCI at baseline decreased with higher TSH levels in the total study population (adj. ORTotal=0.87[0.79, 0.95], p-value=0.002) and in males (adj. ORMales=0.80[0.70, 0.92], p-value=0.001).
Conclusions
There was a sex-specific, statistically significant association between TSH levels and cognition in multiethnic middle-aged and older ADNI adults. Lower TSH levels and worse global cognition were statistically associated only in males. To precisely delineate the chronological onset of these disorders, longitudinal clinical studies are needed.
{"title":"Thyroid-stimulating hormone and cognitive impairment in non-depressed non-demented multiethnic middle-aged and older US adults: Assessing sex-specific risk prediction","authors":"Asma Hallab , Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","doi":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100195","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aggp.2025.100195","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the particularities of thyroid-cognition interactions in older adults is crucial in assessing the risks and evaluating therapeutic options.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional analyses where participants from Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (HC), with complete neurocognitive tests, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) <10 µIU/mL, and geriatric depression scale (GDS) <5, were eligible. Linear and logistic regression models, including testing for non-linearity, were performed. Sex strata were explored.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the total 1845 multiethnic US-participants, with a median age of 73 (IQR: 68, 78); 887 (48 %) were females, and 1056 (57 %) had MCI. The median TSH level was 1.70 µIU/mL (IQR: 1.15, 2.40); significantly lower in MCI than HC (1.66 vs. 1.74 µIU/mL, <em>p</em>-value=0.02). There was a significant association between TSH and overall cognition only in males (adj. <em>ß</em><sub>Males</sub>=-0.40[-0.74, -0.07], <em>p</em>-value=0.019). The odds of being diagnosed with MCI at baseline decreased with higher TSH levels in the total study population (adj. OR<sub>Total</sub>=0.87[0.79, 0.95], <em>p</em>-value=0.002) and in males (adj. OR<sub>Males</sub>=0.80[0.70, 0.92], <em>p</em>-value=0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>There was a sex-specific, statistically significant association between TSH levels and cognition in multiethnic middle-aged and older ADNI adults. Lower TSH levels and worse global cognition were statistically associated only in males. To precisely delineate the chronological onset of these disorders, longitudinal clinical studies are needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100119,"journal":{"name":"Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics Plus","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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