Biotechnology Notes最新文献_第2页

Green synthesis and characterization of iron nanoparticles synthesized from bioflocculant for wastewater treatment: A review 废水处理用生物絮凝剂合成铁纳米颗粒的绿色合成及表征研究进展。

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.001

Nkanyiso C. Nkosi , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Nkosinathi G. Dlamini , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla

Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field with diverse healthcare, agriculture, and industry applications. Central to this discipline is manipulating materials at the nanoscale, particularly nanoparticles (NPs) ranging from 1 to 100 nm. These NPs can be synthesized through various methods, including chemical, physical, and biological processes. Among these, biological synthesis has gained significant attention due to its eco-friendly nature, utilizing natural resources such as microbes and plants as reducing and capping agents. However, information is scarce regarding the production of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) using biological approaches, and even less is available on the synthesis of FeNPs employing microbial bioflocculants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the synthesis of FeNPs using microbial bioflocculants, highlighting the methodologies involved and their implications for environmental applications. Recent findings indicate that microbial bioflocculants enhance the stability and efficiency of FeNP synthesis while promoting environmentally friendly production methods. The synthesized FeNPs demonstrated effective removal of contaminants from wastewater, achieving removal rates of up to 93 % for specific dyes and significant reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Additionally, these FeNPs exhibited notable antimicrobial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.

This review encompasses studies conducted between January 2015 and December 2023, providing detailed characterization of the synthesized FeNPs and underscoring their potential applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.

纳米技术是一个迅速发展的领域，具有多种医疗保健、农业和工业应用。该学科的核心是在纳米尺度上操纵材料，特别是从1到100纳米的纳米颗粒（NPs）。这些NPs可以通过各种方法合成，包括化学、物理和生物过程。其中，生物合成利用微生物、植物等自然资源作为还原剂和封盖剂，因其生态友好的特性而备受关注。然而，关于利用生物学方法生产铁纳米颗粒（FeNPs）的信息很少，而利用微生物絮凝剂合成铁纳米颗粒的信息则更少。本文综述了利用微生物絮凝剂合成FeNPs的全面研究，重点介绍了所涉及的方法及其对环境应用的影响。最近的研究表明，微生物絮凝剂提高了合成FeNP的稳定性和效率，同时促进了环境友好的生产方法。合成的FeNPs可以有效去除废水中的污染物，对特定染料的去除率高达93%，并显著降低化学需氧量（COD）和生物需氧量（BOD）。此外，这些FeNPs对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌均表现出显著的抗菌性能。本文综述了2015年1月至2023年12月期间进行的研究，提供了合成FeNPs的详细特征，并强调了它们在废水处理和环境修复中的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Microbial amidases: Characterization, advances and biotechnological applications 微生物酰胺酶：特性、进展和生物技术应用。

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.003

Rajendra Singh , Refana Shahul , Vijay Kumar , Ashok Kumar Yadav , Praveen Kumar Mehta

The amidases (EC 3.5.1.4) are versatile hydrolase biocatalysts that have been the attention of academia and industries for stereo-selective synthesis and bioremediation. These are categorized based on the amino acid sequence and substrate specificity. Notably, the Signature amidase family is distinguished by a characteristic signature sequence, GGSS(S/G)GS, which encompasses highly conserved Ser-Ser-Lys catalytic residues, and the amidases belonging to this family typically demonstrate a broad substrate spectrum activity. The amidases classified within the nitrilase superfamily possess distinct Glu-Lys-Cys catalytic residues and exhibit activity towards small aliphatic substrates. Recent discoveries have underscored the potential role of amidases in the degradation of toxic amides present in polymers, insecticides, and food products. This expands the horizons for amidase-mediated biodegradation of amide-laden pollutants and fosters sustainable development alongside organic synthesis. The burgeoning global production facilities are expected to drive a heightened demand for this enzyme, attributable to its promising chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective hydrolysis capabilities for a variety of amides. Advances in protein engineering have enhanced the catalytic efficiency, structural stability, and substrate selectivity of amidases. Concurrently, the heterologous expression of amidase genes sourced from thermophiles has facilitated the development of highly stable amidases with significant industrial relevance. Beyond their biotransformation capabilities concerning amides, through amido-hydrolase and acyltransferase activities, recent investigations have illuminated the potential of amidase-mediated degradation of amide-containing pollutants in soil and aquatic environments. This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements pertaining to microbial amidases (EC 3.5.1.4), focusing on aspects such as their distribution, gene mining methodologies, enzyme stability, protein engineering, reusability, and biocatalytic efficacy in organic synthesis and biodegradation.

酰胺酶（EC 3.5.1.4）是一种多功能的水解酶生物催化剂，在立体选择合成和生物修复方面受到学术界和工业界的关注。这些是根据氨基酸序列和底物特异性分类的。值得注意的是，Signature amidase家族的特征序列GGSS(S/G)GS包含高度保守的Ser-Ser-Lys催化残基，属于该家族的酰胺酶通常具有广泛的底物光谱活性。腈酶超家族中的酰胺酶具有独特的Glu-Lys-Cys催化残基，并对小脂肪底物具有活性。最近的发现强调了酰胺酶在降解聚合物、杀虫剂和食品中存在的有毒酰胺方面的潜在作用。这扩大了酰胺酶介导的含酰胺污染物生物降解的范围，并促进了有机合成的可持续发展。由于该酶具有对多种酰胺的化学、区域和对映体选择性水解能力，全球生产设施的迅速发展预计将推动对该酶的更高需求。蛋白质工程技术的进步提高了酰胺酶的催化效率、结构稳定性和底物选择性。同时，来自嗜热菌的氨基酶基因的异源表达促进了高度稳定的氨基酶的发展，具有重要的工业意义。除了它们对酰胺的生物转化能力之外，通过酰胺水解酶和酰基转移酶的活性，最近的研究已经阐明了酰胺酶介导的土壤和水生环境中含酰胺污染物降解的潜力。本文综述了微生物酰胺酶（EC 3.5.1.4）的分布、基因挖掘方法、酶的稳定性、蛋白质工程、可重复利用以及在有机合成和生物降解中的生物催化作用等方面的研究进展。

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引用次数: 0

Development of a low-cost microfluidic chip for hyaluronidase-free oocyte denudation in mammals 用于哺乳动物无透明质酸酶卵母细胞剥脱的低成本微流控芯片的研制

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.03.001

Ashraf Hisham Dessouky , Haitham El-Hussieny , Taymour Mohammed El-Sherry , Victor Parque , Ahmed M.R. Fath El-Bab

Infertility in mammals is one of the most intricate medical issues requiring non-traditional interventions. In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is one of the modern medical technologies currently used to treat infertility. However, current IVF procedures are inaccessible and unaffordable to the majority due to the high cost, the complexity of the procedure, and the reliance on highly qualified operators. For successful IVF, oocyte denudation, the process of removing cumulus cells from oocytes, is often performed. Here, microfluidics offers the potential to enhance denudation procedures and to minimize operator variability. In this paper, we propose the configuration of a microfluidic chip for oocyte denudation whose structure hybridizes inner jagged surfaces and expansion units. The jagged surface units have the role of removing the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte by using the wall shear stress principle, and the (rounded) expansion units have the role of rotating the cumulus cells for further deployment in subsequent jagged surfaces. The proposed device can be manufactured at a low cost (<1 USD)) by the engraving of CO₂ laser machine on PMMA material, and is able to circumvent the use of enzymatic components such as hyaluronidase. Experiments using computational simulations and manufactured microfluidic chips evaluated distinct geometry configurations of the jagged surfaces and identified the suitable flow rates for maximal shear stress and denudation performance. Manufactured samples of the proposed microfluidic devices have shown the denudation performance of 96.7 % and yield rate of 90 % at a constant flow rate of 1 ml/min.

哺乳动物不孕是最复杂的医学问题之一，需要非传统的干预措施。体外受精（IVF）是目前治疗不孕症的现代医学技术之一。然而，由于成本高、程序复杂以及对高素质操作人员的依赖，目前的试管婴儿手术对大多数人来说是难以获得和负担得起的。为了成功的体外受精，通常会进行卵母细胞剥落，即从卵母细胞中去除卵丘细胞的过程。在这里，微流体提供了增强剥蚀过程和最小化操作人员可变性的潜力。本文提出了一种用于卵母细胞剥落的微流控芯片的结构，其结构将内部锯齿表面和膨胀单元杂交。锯齿状表面单元的作用是利用壁面剪切应力原理去除卵母细胞周围的积云细胞，而（圆形）膨胀单元的作用是旋转积云细胞，以便在随后的锯齿状表面进一步展开。所提出的装置可以通过CO2激光机器在PMMA材料上雕刻以低成本（1美元）制造，并且能够避免使用酶成分，如透明质酸酶。利用计算模拟和自制的微流控芯片进行实验，评估了锯齿状表面的不同几何结构，并确定了最大剪切应力和剥蚀性能的合适流速。制备的微流控装置样品在1 ml/min恒定流速下的剥蚀率为96.7%，收率为90%。

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引用次数: 0

Cell bank system, establishment, and application in the virus research, diagnosis, and biopharmaceutical industries 细胞库系统、建立及其在病毒研究、诊断和生物制药行业中的应用

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.08.001

Sina Soleimani , Mohammadreza Ghorani

Background

The use of cells in research and diagnostic studies is important. This is of paramount importance in the biopharmaceutical product industry because cells are one of the most important platforms in the biopharmaceutical industry.

Objective

The availability of highly efficient and suitable cells that can be continuously used for the mass production of biotechnological products is crucial for maintaining human health and hygiene. So, the cells used in this comprehensive system were studied, evaluated, documented, and stored for continuous and efficient use.

Study design

This review article discusses all aspects of cells involved in establishing this system as a Cell Bank System (CBS). Cell banking facilities, specialized laboratories, appropriate equipment, cold rooms, cryopreservation instruments, and cell authentication and characterization are mentioned. Cell handling, row materials tests, documentation, intellectual property registration, storage, backup, and transportation were explained. In addition, policies for cell retesting and revival are discussed.

Result

Based on the roadmap designed in this study, a comprehensive cell bank system can be formed for using in cell preparation, propagation, storage, and use of cells.

Discussion

Considering that in the pharmaceutical industry, there is a need for a reliable, permanent, and uniform source of cells to produce and quality control the product, which can have significant effects on the products, by using this system and performing all of its aspects, diagnostic centers, researchers, and pharmaceutical manufacturers can access a reliable and persistent source of culture for related operations.

在研究和诊断研究中使用细胞是很重要的。这在生物制药工业中是至关重要的，因为细胞是生物制药工业中最重要的平台之一。目的高效、适宜的细胞可连续用于生物技术产品的大规模生产，对维持人类健康和卫生至关重要。因此，在这个综合系统中使用的细胞进行了研究，评估，记录和储存，以便连续有效地使用。这篇综述文章讨论了建立该系统作为细胞库系统（CBS）所涉及的细胞的各个方面。提到了细胞库设施，专门的实验室，适当的设备，冷藏室，低温保存仪器，细胞鉴定和表征。解释了单元处理、行材料测试、文件编制、知识产权注册、存储、备份和运输。此外，还讨论了电池复测和恢复的策略。结果根据本研究设计的路线图，可以形成一个完整的细胞库系统，用于细胞制备、增殖、储存和使用。考虑到在制药行业中，需要可靠、永久和统一的细胞来源来生产和质量控制产品，这可能对产品产生重大影响，通过使用该系统并执行其所有方面，诊断中心、研究人员和制药商可以为相关操作获得可靠和持久的培养来源。

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引用次数: 0

The role of Micro-biome engineering in enhancing Food safety and quality 微生物工程在提高食品安全和质量中的作用

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.001

Anand Kumar , Abhishek Bisht , SammraMaqsood , SaiqaAmjad , Sapna baghel , Swapnil Ganesh Jaiswal , Shuai wei

Microbiome engineering has emerged as a transformative approach to enhancing food safety and quality by strategically modulating microbial communities. This review critically examines state-of-the-art techniques, including synthetic biology, artificial intelligence (AI), and systems biology, that are revolutionizing our ability to improve nutritional profiles, extend shelf life, and optimize food production processes. The review further explores complex social, ethical, and regulatory considerations, emphasizing the importance of robust public engagement and the establishment of standardized frameworks to ensure safe and effective implementation. While microbiome engineering holds significant promise for revolutionizing food safety and quality control, further research is needed to address critical challenges, including understanding microbial dynamics in complex food systems and developing harmonized regulatory frameworks. By bridging interdisciplinary gaps, this paper underscores the necessity of collaborative efforts to unlock the full potential of microbiome-driven innovations for a more resilient and sustainable food industry.

微生物组工程已经成为一种变革性的方法，通过战略性地调节微生物群落来提高食品安全和质量。这篇综述严格审查了最先进的技术，包括合成生物学、人工智能（AI）和系统生物学，这些技术正在彻底改变我们改善营养状况、延长保质期和优化食品生产过程的能力。报告进一步探讨了复杂的社会、伦理和监管方面的考虑，强调了公众积极参与和建立标准化框架以确保安全有效实施的重要性。虽然微生物组工程有望彻底改变食品安全和质量控制，但需要进一步的研究来解决关键挑战，包括了解复杂食品系统中的微生物动力学和制定协调的监管框架。通过弥合跨学科差距，本文强调了合作努力的必要性，以释放微生物组驱动的创新的全部潜力，以实现更具弹性和可持续性的食品工业。

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引用次数: 0

Supercritical CO2 extraction of artemisinin from Artemisia annua plant and the biotechnological production of artemisinin precursors: A dual-focus review 超临界CO2萃取黄花蒿中的青蒿素和生物技术生产青蒿素前体：双焦点综述

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.05.003

Babatunde Oladipo, Tunde V. Ojumu

Artemisinin, a vital compound renowned for its potent antimalarial properties, has garnered significant attention due to its therapeutic importance and critical role in combating malaria. The extraction process is essential in recovering artemisinin from Artemisia annua L. plant. Supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO₂) extraction has emerged as a highly effective and eco-friendly technique, offering improved efficiency, selectivity, and greener processing than conventional solvent-based methods. Despite this advancement, plant-derived artemisinin faces challenges in meeting global demand due to naturally low yields, seasonal variation, and agricultural limitations. Biotechnological advances have enabled the microbial production of artemisinin precursors, such as artemisinic acid and amorphadiene, which can be chemically or enzymatically converted into artemisinin, providing a scalable and sustainable production route. Despite the significance of both approaches, existing literature often treats them in isolation. Therefore, this work provides a comprehensive review, integrating scCO₂ extraction technologies with microbial-based fermentation strategies for producing artemisinin and its precursors. Key parameters influencing scCO₂ extraction efficiency, such as CO₂ flow rate, temperature, co-solvent use, and pressure, are analyzed alongside fermentation bioprocess factors such as strain selection, pH, dissolved oxygen levels, carbon sources, and fermentation modes. By evaluating these complementary strategies, this review provides a holistic perspective aimed at improving artemisinin production yield, for accessibility and sustainability, ensuring a reliable global supply. It concludes by highlighting current challenges and proposing future directions necessary for optimizing the integrated production pipeline of artemisinin and its precursors.

青蒿素是一种重要的化合物，以其有效的抗疟疾特性而闻名，由于其治疗重要性和在防治疟疾方面的关键作用而引起了极大的关注。提取工艺是从黄花蒿中提取青蒿素的关键工艺。超临界二氧化碳（scCO2）萃取已成为一种高效、环保的技术，与传统的溶剂基方法相比，它具有更高的效率、选择性和更环保的处理方式。尽管取得了这一进展，但由于自然产量低、季节变化和农业限制，植物源性青蒿素在满足全球需求方面面临挑战。生物技术的进步使微生物能够生产青蒿素前体，如青蒿酸和amorphadiene，它们可以通过化学或酶转化为青蒿素，从而提供了可扩展和可持续的生产途径。尽管这两种方法都很重要，但现有文献往往将它们孤立对待。因此，本研究将scCO2提取技术与微生物发酵策略结合起来，对生产青蒿素及其前体进行了全面的综述。分析了影响scCO2萃取效率的关键参数，如CO2流速、温度、助溶剂使用和压力，以及发酵生物过程因素，如菌株选择、pH值、溶解氧水平、碳源和发酵模式。通过对这些互补策略的评估，本综述提供了一个整体的视角，旨在提高青蒿素产量，促进可及性和可持续性，确保可靠的全球供应。最后，它强调了当前的挑战，并提出了优化青蒿素及其前体的综合生产管道所需的未来方向。

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引用次数: 0

Development of doubled haploid lines in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through wheat × maize hybridization and colchicine application 小麦与玉米杂交及秋水仙碱对春小麦双单倍体品系的影响

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.10.003

Md Forhad Amin , Mohammad Nur Alam , Aminur Rahman , Md Mustafa Khan , Md Mahbubur Rahman , Mohammad Sohidul Islam , Ayman El Sabagh

Bangladesh faces a significant deficit in wheat grain production relative to its national demand, largely due to the prolonged duration-typically 10 to 12 years-required to release a new variety through conventional breeding approaches. Traditional methods involve multiple years of crossing between male and female parents or their progenies, followed by recurrent selection to develop homozygous lines (from the F1 to F6 generations) possessing desired traits. In contrast, the doubled haploid (DH) method offers a faster, simpler, and more reliable alternative, enabling the development of homozygous lines within just 2–3 years. In this study, DH lines were produced by crossing two F1 wheat hybrids with maize. A 0.1 % colchicine solution was applied to induce chromosome doubling in the F₂ progeny. Of the 421 florets pollinated, 340 (80.8 %) developed into green parthenocarpic caryopses (GPC). From these, 70 embryos (20.6 %) were successfully rescued, and 35 (50 %) of the rescued embryos germinated. Ten green haploid plants (28.6 % of the germinated embryos) were regenerated and subsequently transplanted. After colchicine treatment of nine haploid (H₁) plants, eight (88.9 %) survived. Among them, one plant (12.5 %) successfully produced homozygous doubled haploid (DH₁) seed. These seeds were then multiplied to obtain DH₂ seeds, which were evaluated in a preliminary yield trial next year. The results confirm the effectiveness of this method in generating homozygous lines within a significantly shorter time frame (2–3 years) by utilizing maize pollination and colchicine-induced chromosome doubling.

孟加拉国面临着小麦产量相对于全国需求的严重不足，这主要是由于通过传统育种方法释放新品种所需的时间较长（通常为10至12年）。传统的方法是在雌雄亲本或其后代之间进行多年杂交，然后通过循环选择发展具有所需性状的纯合子系（从F1到F6代）。相比之下，双单倍体（DH）方法提供了一种更快、更简单、更可靠的选择，可以在2-3年内发育出纯合子系。本研究用两个F1小麦杂交种与玉米杂交获得DH系。用0.1%秋水仙碱溶液诱导F2后代染色体加倍。在421株小花中，340株（80.8%）发育为绿色孤雌颖果（GPC）。其中70个胚胎（20.6%）成功获救，35个胚胎（50%）成功发芽。10株绿色单倍体（占萌发胚的28.6%）再生并移植。9株单倍体（H1）植株经秋水仙碱处理后，8株（88.9%）成活。其中1株（12.5%）成功产生纯合子双单倍体（DH1）种子。然后将这些种子繁殖得到DH2种子，并在明年的初步产量试验中进行评估。结果证实了该方法利用玉米授粉和秋水仙碱诱导的染色体加倍在较短的时间内（2-3年）产生纯合子系的有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly synthesis and optimization of CuNPs using a non-pathogenic bioflocculant from Kytococcus sedentarius 利用静止Kytococcus seentarius的非致病性生物絮凝剂生态合成和优化CuNPs

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.002

Minenhle PD. Sibisi , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla

Nanotechnology is being used to solve a variety of environmental issues, including wastewater treatment. In the present study, a rapid eco-friendly method was applied to biosynthesize and optimize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) from Kytococcus sedentarius. The CuNPs characteristics were identified using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV–Vis spectroscope (UV–Vis). To determine the maximum metabolic yield, the optimum dosage size, pH, temperature, salinity and cations were evaluated. The antibacterial activity of the samples against Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Test. 28.3 nm was the average crystallite size of CuNPs revealed through XRD analysis. The SEM and TEM analysis depicted the CuNPs to be agglomerated in various sizes and forms. Elements such as Carbon (25.23 % wt), Cu (23.37 % Wt) and Oxygen (20.13 % Wt) were found in CuNPs. The nanoparticles had functional groups and a Cu–O bond at 559 cm ⁻¹. The CuNPs retained 70 % of its weight whereas the bioflocculant retained only 50 % when heated at a range of 100 °C–900 °C. The samples exhibited a UV–Vis spectra between 250 and 300 nm, at a range of 200–1400 nm. The flocculating effeciency of CuNPs was optimal at 0.2 mg/mL (92 %) and cation independent (92 %). pH 7 was the peak maximum as 98 % of the flocculating activity was obtained. The CuNPs were thermally stable than the bioflocculant as over 80 % of its flocculating activity was retained even at high temperatures (121 °C). The CuNPs were not affected by the increase in NaCl concentration with the highest NaCl concentration (35 g/L) having the highest flocculating activity of 90 %. CuNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains, with greater susceptibility observed in S. aureus as compared to the bioflocculant. Thus, CuNPs have a potential to be applied in wastewater treatment to replace traditional flocculants.

纳米技术正被用于解决各种环境问题，包括废水处理。本研究采用一种快速、生态友好的方法，从静止Kytococcus sedentarius中生物合成并优化铜纳米颗粒（cups）。利用x射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、热重分析（TGA）和紫外可见光谱（UV-Vis）对CuNPs进行了表征。为了确定最大代谢产率，对最佳投加量、pH、温度、盐度和阳离子进行了评价。采用Kirby-Bauer圆盘扩散试验（Disk Diffusion Test）对两种菌株进行抑菌活性测定，XRD分析显示，CuNPs的平均晶粒尺寸为28.3 nm。SEM和TEM分析显示了不同大小和形式的聚块。碳（25.23% wt）、铜（23.37% wt）和氧（20.13% wt）等元素在CuNPs中被发现。纳米颗粒在559 cm−1处具有官能团和Cu-O键。在100°C - 900°C范围内加热时，CuNPs保留了70%的重量，而生物絮凝剂仅保留了50%。样品的紫外可见光谱范围为250 ~ 300 nm， 200 ~ 1400 nm。当浓度为0.2 mg/mL时，其絮凝效果最佳（92%），且与阳离子无关（92%）。pH为7时絮凝活性最高，絮凝活性达到98%。与生物絮凝剂相比，CuNPs具有较好的热稳定性，即使在高温（121℃）下仍能保持80%以上的絮凝活性。NaCl浓度的增加对CuNPs的絮凝活性没有影响，当NaCl浓度达到35 g/L时，其絮凝活性最高，达90%。与生物絮凝剂相比，CuNPs对金黄色葡萄球菌具有更大的敏感性。因此，在污水处理中，CuNPs具有替代传统絮凝剂的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Circular economy through integrated industrial ecology: Innovations in resource recovery and process re-design 整合产业生态的循环经济：资源回收和流程再设计的创新

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.10.005

R. Geetha

Industrial ecology provides systems-thinking for re-designing industrial processes with greater resource efficiency, waste reduction, and circularity. This review discusses future directions in process re-design and holistic metrics for resource recovery across key industries such as agriculture, aquaculture, desalination, mining, textiles, pulp and paper, and food processing. Emphasis is placed on the integration of life cycle assessment (LCA), molecular economy concepts, and cascading material cycles for closed-loop system design. Technologies such as anaerobic co-digestion, microbial electrochemical systems, catalytic conversion, and membrane-based separation demonstrate potential for 20–50 % increases in biogas yields60–90 % recovery of nutrients, and up to 40 % reductions in separation energy demand compared to conventional practices. Industry-specific innovations like animal waste valorization, desalination brine treatment, and recovery of organic and inorganic compounds from industrial effluent show recovery efficiencies of 70–95 % for salts and metals under optimized conditions. System-level approaches including salinity gradient power and waste heat utilization could contribute 5–15 % additional renewable energy supply within integrated industrial parks. Nonetheless, significant gaps remain in integrating metal and nutrient cycles, scaling solutions for small- and medium-scale industries, and enabling supportive policy frameworks. The paper emphasizes the need for transdisciplinary research and systems thinking to address these challenges. By integrating technological, environmental, and economic knowledge, this review provides a roadmap for advancing circular economy strategies in industrial systems and promotes adaptive, resilient process designs that turn waste into value, mitigate environmental pressures, and support sustainable industrial development.

工业生态学为重新设计具有更高资源效率、减少浪费和循环性的工业过程提供了系统思维。本文讨论了农业、水产养殖、海水淡化、采矿、纺织、纸浆和造纸以及食品加工等关键行业的流程重新设计和资源回收整体指标的未来发展方向。重点放在生命周期评估（LCA）的集成，分子经济的概念，并为闭环系统设计级联材料周期。厌氧共消化、微生物电化学系统、催化转化和膜分离等技术表明，与传统方法相比，这些技术有可能使沼气产量提高20 - 50%，营养物质回收率提高60 - 90%，分离能源需求降低40%。行业特有的创新，如动物粪便增值、海水淡化盐水处理以及从工业废水中回收有机和无机化合物，表明在优化条件下，盐和金属的回收效率为70 - 95%。包括盐度梯度发电和废热利用在内的系统级方法可以在综合工业园区内贡献5 - 15%的额外可再生能源供应。尽管如此，在整合金属和营养循环、扩大中小型工业解决方案规模以及实施支持性政策框架方面仍存在重大差距。本文强调需要跨学科研究和系统思维来应对这些挑战。通过整合技术、环境和经济知识，本综述为在工业系统中推进循环经济战略提供了路线图，并促进了适应性、弹性的工艺设计，从而将废物转化为价值，减轻环境压力，并支持可持续工业发展。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative analysis of candidate MicroRNAs and gene targets for OSA management using in silico and in-vitro approach 应用计算机和体外方法综合分析OSA管理的候选microrna和基因靶点

Biotechnology Notes

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.003

Gaganjyot Kaur Bakshi , Sartaj Khurana , Shambhavee Srivastav , Rohit Kumar , Mukesh Chourasia , Sudeep Bose

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases including sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to address the involvement of miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-29) in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In this study we have done integrated analysis of miRNAs with their potential gene targets as a strategy for management of OSA.

Methods

miRNA expression levels were quantified in healthy control group and obese vs. Non-obese OSA subjects by Quantitative real-time PCR. In-silico analysis of interplay of miRNAs with potential gene targets was done using Schrödinger Release 2023-1.

Results

The real time expression analysis revealed a differential expression pattern in miRNAs indicating down-regulation of miR-21 in obese OSA while miR-29 showed upregulation as compared to non-obese OSA and healthy subjects with p values of ≤0.01 and <0.0001respectively. A trend was observed where target genes TGFBR2, NAMPT, and NPPB were significantly increased with p-value of ≤0.0001 and TGFBR3 and INSIG2 showed decreasing trend with p-value of ≤0.0001 between obese and non-obese OSA respectively. MD simulation analysis provided valuable information regarding the stability, flexibility, compactness and solvent exposure of the complexes over time.

Conclusion

miR-21 and miR-29 possesses differential expressions in obese OSA subject and exihbits strong molecular interactions with potential target genes, such as TGFBR2, NPPB, NAMPT and INSIG2. Identifying the miRNAs, genes and pathways associated with OSA can help to expand our understanding of the risk factors for the disease as well as provide new avenues for potential treatment.

MicroRNAs （miRNAs）与包括睡眠障碍在内的人类疾病的发病机制有关。本研究的目的是解决mirna （miR-21和miR-29）在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）病理生理中的参与。在这项研究中，我们对mirna及其潜在基因靶点进行了综合分析，作为OSA管理的策略。方法采用实时荧光定量PCR法测定健康对照组和肥胖与非肥胖OSA患者的smirna表达水平。使用Schrödinger Release 2023-1对mirna与潜在基因靶点的相互作用进行了计算机分析。结果实时表达分析显示，与非肥胖性OSA和健康受试者相比，肥胖性OSA患者miR-21表达下调，miR-29表达上调，p值分别为≤0.01和<；0.0001。肥胖与非肥胖OSA靶基因TGFBR2、NAMPT、NPPB均有显著升高的趋势，p值≤0.0001；TGFBR3、INSIG2均有降低的趋势，p值≤0.0001。MD模拟分析提供了有关配合物随时间的稳定性、柔韧性、致密性和溶剂暴露的有价值的信息。结论mir -21、miR-29在肥胖OSA患者中存在差异表达，与TGFBR2、NPPB、NAMPT、INSIG2等潜在靶基因存在较强的分子相互作用。识别与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关的mirna、基因和途径有助于扩大我们对该疾病危险因素的理解，并为潜在的治疗提供新的途径。

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引用次数: 0