Recently, a unique behavior of T7 RNA polymerase has expanded its functionality as a biosensing platform. Various biosensors utilizing T7 RNA polymerase, combined with fluorescent aptamers, electrochemical probes, or CRISPR/Cas systems, have been developed to detect analytes, including nucleic acids and non-nucleic acid target, with high specificity and low detection limits. Each approach demonstrates unique strengths, such as real-time monitoring and minimal interference, but also presents challenges in stability, cost, and reaction optimization. This review provides an overview of T7 RNA polymerase's role in biosensing technology, highlighting its potential to advance diagnostics and molecular detection in diverse fields.
{"title":"Current biosensing strategies based on in vitro T7 RNA polymerase reaction","authors":"David Septian Sumanto Marpaung , Ayu Oshin Yap Sinaga , Damayanti Damayanti , Taharuddin Taharuddin , Setyadi Gumaran","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, a unique behavior of T7 RNA polymerase has expanded its functionality as a biosensing platform. Various biosensors utilizing T7 RNA polymerase, combined with fluorescent aptamers, electrochemical probes, or CRISPR/Cas systems, have been developed to detect analytes, including nucleic acids and non-nucleic acid target, with high specificity and low detection limits. Each approach demonstrates unique strengths, such as real-time monitoring and minimal interference, but also presents challenges in stability, cost, and reaction optimization. This review provides an overview of T7 RNA polymerase's role in biosensing technology, highlighting its potential to advance diagnostics and molecular detection in diverse fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11788683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.002
S.A. Razzak
This study investigates the potential of phototrophic microalgae, specifically Chlorella protothecoides, for biological wastewater treatment, with a focus on the effects of air temperature and CO2 concentration on nutrient removal from tertiary municipal wastewater. Utilizing both the Monod and Arrhenius kinetic models, the research examines how temperature and nutrient availability influence microalgal growth and nutrient removal. The study finds that optimal biomass productivity occurs at 25 °C, with growth slowing at higher temperatures (30 °C, 40 °C, and 45 °C). The Monod and Arrhenius models, which showed strong agreement with experimental data, revealed that temperature significantly impacted growth kinetics, with the Arrhenius model accurately predicting growth rates at lower temperatures. Activation energies for growth and cell death were determined as 5.4 kJ mol⁻1 and 88.4 kJ mol⁻1, respectively. The study also demonstrated that optimal nitrogen and phosphorus removal occurred at 25°C-30 °C, with 100 % total nitrogen (TN) removal and 85 % total phosphorus (TP) removal achieved at 30 °C. Additionally, CO2 concentration influenced biomass productivity, with peak productivity and nutrient removal at 6 % CO2, highlighting the importance of CO2 levels in optimizing growth and nutrient elimination. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing conditions for microalgae-based wastewater treatment, particularly in seasonal cultivation strategies, and contribute to improving biodiesel production and nutrient removal efficiency.
{"title":"Effect of temperature and CO2 concentration on biological nutrient removal from tertiary municipal wastewater using microalgae Chlorella prototheocoides","authors":"S.A. Razzak","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the potential of phototrophic microalgae, specifically Chlorella protothecoides, for biological wastewater treatment, with a focus on the effects of air temperature and CO<sub>2</sub> concentration on nutrient removal from tertiary municipal wastewater. Utilizing both the Monod and Arrhenius kinetic models, the research examines how temperature and nutrient availability influence microalgal growth and nutrient removal. The study finds that optimal biomass productivity occurs at 25 °C, with growth slowing at higher temperatures (30 °C, 40 °C, and 45 °C). The Monod and Arrhenius models, which showed strong agreement with experimental data, revealed that temperature significantly impacted growth kinetics, with the Arrhenius model accurately predicting growth rates at lower temperatures. Activation energies for growth and cell death were determined as 5.4 kJ mol⁻<sup>1</sup> and 88.4 kJ mol⁻<sup>1</sup>, respectively. The study also demonstrated that optimal nitrogen and phosphorus removal occurred at 25°C-30 °C, with 100 % total nitrogen (TN) removal and 85 % total phosphorus (TP) removal achieved at 30 °C. Additionally, CO<sub>2</sub> concentration influenced biomass productivity, with peak productivity and nutrient removal at 6 % CO<sub>2</sub>, highlighting the importance of CO<sub>2</sub> levels in optimizing growth and nutrient elimination. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing conditions for microalgae-based wastewater treatment, particularly in seasonal cultivation strategies, and contribute to improving biodiesel production and nutrient removal efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 32-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11728070/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indian tick typhus is an infectious disease caused by intracellular gram-negative bacteria Rickettsia conorii (R. conorii). The bacterium is transmitted to humans through bite of infected ticks and sometimes by lice, fleas or mites. The disease is restricted to some areas with few cases but in last decade it is re-emerging with large number of cases from different areas of India. The insight in to genetic makeup of bacterial pathogens can be derived from their metabolic pathways. In the current study 18 metabolic pathways were found to be unique to the pathogen (R. conorii). A comprehensive analysis revealed 163 proteins implicated in 18 unique metabolic pathways of R. conorii. 140 proteins were reported to be essential for the bacterial survival, 46 were found virulent and 10 were found involved in resistance which can enhance the bacterial pathogenesis. The functional analysis of unique metabolic pathway proteins showed the abundance of plasmid conjugal transfer TrbL/VirB6, aliphatic acid kinase short chain, signal transduction response regulator receiver and components of type IV transporter system domains. The proteins were classified into six broad categories on the basis of predicted domains, i.e., metabolism, transport, gene expression and regulation, antimicrobial resistance, cell signalling and proteolysis. Further, in silico analysis showed that 88 proteins were suitable therapeutic targets which do not showed homology with host proteins. The 43 proteins showed hits with the DrugBank database showing their druggable nature and remaining 45 proteins were classified as novel drug targets that require further validation. The study will help to provide the better understanding of pathogens survival and embark on the development of successful therapies for the management of Indian tick typhus.
{"title":"Deciphering Rickettsia conorii metabolic pathways: A treasure map to therapeutic targets","authors":"Brijesh Prajapat , Ankita Sharma , Sunil Kumar , Dixit Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indian tick typhus is an infectious disease caused by intracellular gram-negative bacteria <em>Rickettsia conorii</em> (<em>R. conorii</em>). The bacterium is transmitted to humans through bite of infected ticks and sometimes by lice, fleas or mites. The disease is restricted to some areas with few cases but in last decade it is re-emerging with large number of cases from different areas of India. The insight in to genetic makeup of bacterial pathogens can be derived from their metabolic pathways. In the current study 18 metabolic pathways were found to be unique to the pathogen (<em>R. conorii</em>). A comprehensive analysis revealed 163 proteins implicated in 18 unique metabolic pathways of <em>R. conorii</em>. 140 proteins were reported to be essential for the bacterial survival, 46 were found virulent and 10 were found involved in resistance which can enhance the bacterial pathogenesis. The functional analysis of unique metabolic pathway proteins showed the abundance of plasmid conjugal transfer TrbL/VirB6, aliphatic acid kinase short chain, signal transduction response regulator receiver and components of type IV transporter system domains. The proteins were classified into six broad categories on the basis of predicted domains, <em>i.e.</em>, metabolism, transport, gene expression and regulation, antimicrobial resistance, cell signalling and proteolysis. Further, <em>in silico</em> analysis showed that 88 proteins were suitable therapeutic targets which do not showed homology with host proteins. The 43 proteins showed hits with the DrugBank database showing their druggable nature and remaining 45 proteins were classified as novel drug targets that require further validation. The study will help to provide the better understanding of pathogens survival and embark on the development of successful therapies for the management of Indian tick typhus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11667008/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.003
Phakamani H. Tsilo , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Nkosinathi G. Dlamini , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla
Studying the utilization of natural products in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) recently appears to be a fascinating area of research within nanotechnology. These nanoparticles exhibit biocompatibility and inherent stability, making them highly suitable for various industrial applications. The utilization of bioflocculant-synthesized Ag nanoparticles was investigated in this study for the purpose of eliminating diverse pollutants and dyes from wastewater and solutions. In this study, Ag nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through a green method utilizing a bioflocculant derived from Pichia kudriavzevii isolated from Kombucha tea SCOBY as a stabilizing agent. The resulting nanoparticles were then evaluated for their flocculation and antimicrobial properties. Different characterization techniques including SEM, EDX, FT-IR, TGA, and TEM were investigated from the synthesized nanoparticles. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the Ag nanoparticles was assessed on human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells. The EDX analysis showed elemental Ag constituted 61.93 wt% of the prepared AgNPs. SEM revealed particles with average size of 15.8 nm and were spherical in shape. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that AgNPs exhibited enhanced thermal stability, retaining over 85 % of their mass at elevated temperatures. In a concentration-dependent manner, the spherical biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited notable cytotoxic effects on HEK 293 cell lines with over 68 % cell viability at 25 mg/mL concentration. The biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles displayed robust antimicrobial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, though Gram-negative were more susceptible with MIC of 3.125 mg/mL concentration. The nanoparticles showcased a dye removal efficiency exceeding 78 % for all the tested dyes with highest removal efficiency of 96 % for methylene blue at a dosage concentration of 0.2 mg/mL of AgNPs. The Ag nanoparticles exhibited exceptional efficiencies in removing a wide range of pollutants present in wastewater. Compared to traditional flocculants, the biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles demonstrated significant potential in effectively removing both biological oxygen demand (BOD) (92 % removal efficiency) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (86 % removal efficiency). Thus, the biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles show great potential as a substitute for chemical flocculants in the treatment of industrial wastewater, offering im-proved purification capabilities.
{"title":"Applications of silver nanoparticles synthesized from Pichia kudriavzevii bioflocculant isolated from Kombucha tea SCOBY","authors":"Phakamani H. Tsilo , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Nkosinathi G. Dlamini , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studying the utilization of natural products in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) recently appears to be a fascinating area of research within nanotechnology. These nanoparticles exhibit biocompatibility and inherent stability, making them highly suitable for various industrial applications. The utilization of bioflocculant-synthesized Ag nanoparticles was investigated in this study for the purpose of eliminating diverse pollutants and dyes from wastewater and solutions. In this study, Ag nanoparticles were successfully synthesized through a green method utilizing a bioflocculant derived from <em>Pichia kudriavzevii</em> isolated from Kombucha tea SCOBY as a stabilizing agent. The resulting nanoparticles were then evaluated for their flocculation and antimicrobial properties. Different characterization techniques including SEM, EDX, FT-IR, TGA, and TEM were investigated from the synthesized nanoparticles. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity of the Ag nanoparticles was assessed on human embryonic kidney (HEK 293) cells. The EDX analysis showed elemental Ag constituted 61.93 wt% of the prepared AgNPs. SEM revealed particles with average size of 15.8 nm and were spherical in shape. Thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) demonstrated that AgNPs exhibited enhanced thermal stability, retaining over 85 % of their mass at elevated temperatures. In a concentration-dependent manner, the spherical biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited notable cytotoxic effects on HEK 293 cell lines with over 68 % cell viability at 25 mg/mL concentration. The biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles displayed robust antimicrobial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria, though Gram-negative were more susceptible with MIC of 3.125 mg/mL concentration. The nanoparticles showcased a dye removal efficiency exceeding 78 % for all the tested dyes with highest removal efficiency of 96 % for methylene blue at a dosage concentration of 0.2 mg/mL of AgNPs. The Ag nanoparticles exhibited exceptional efficiencies in removing a wide range of pollutants present in wastewater. Compared to traditional flocculants, the biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles demonstrated significant potential in effectively removing both biological oxygen demand (BOD) (92 % removal efficiency) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) (86 % removal efficiency). Thus, the biosynthesized Ag nanoparticles show great potential as a substitute for chemical flocculants in the treatment of industrial wastewater, offering im-proved purification capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 106-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143580105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.001
Nkanyiso C. Nkosi , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Nkosinathi G. Dlamini , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla
Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field with diverse healthcare, agriculture, and industry applications. Central to this discipline is manipulating materials at the nanoscale, particularly nanoparticles (NPs) ranging from 1 to 100 nm. These NPs can be synthesized through various methods, including chemical, physical, and biological processes. Among these, biological synthesis has gained significant attention due to its eco-friendly nature, utilizing natural resources such as microbes and plants as reducing and capping agents. However, information is scarce regarding the production of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) using biological approaches, and even less is available on the synthesis of FeNPs employing microbial bioflocculants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the synthesis of FeNPs using microbial bioflocculants, highlighting the methodologies involved and their implications for environmental applications. Recent findings indicate that microbial bioflocculants enhance the stability and efficiency of FeNP synthesis while promoting environmentally friendly production methods. The synthesized FeNPs demonstrated effective removal of contaminants from wastewater, achieving removal rates of up to 93 % for specific dyes and significant reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Additionally, these FeNPs exhibited notable antimicrobial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
This review encompasses studies conducted between January 2015 and December 2023, providing detailed characterization of the synthesized FeNPs and underscoring their potential applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.
{"title":"Green synthesis and characterization of iron nanoparticles synthesized from bioflocculant for wastewater treatment: A review","authors":"Nkanyiso C. Nkosi , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Nkosinathi G. Dlamini , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field with diverse healthcare, agriculture, and industry applications. Central to this discipline is manipulating materials at the nanoscale, particularly nanoparticles (NPs) ranging from 1 to 100 nm. These NPs can be synthesized through various methods, including chemical, physical, and biological processes. Among these, biological synthesis has gained significant attention due to its eco-friendly nature, utilizing natural resources such as microbes and plants as reducing and capping agents. However, information is scarce regarding the production of iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) using biological approaches, and even less is available on the synthesis of FeNPs employing microbial bioflocculants. This review aims to provide a comprehensive examination of the synthesis of FeNPs using microbial bioflocculants, highlighting the methodologies involved and their implications for environmental applications. Recent findings indicate that microbial bioflocculants enhance the stability and efficiency of FeNP synthesis while promoting environmentally friendly production methods. The synthesized FeNPs demonstrated effective removal of contaminants from wastewater, achieving removal rates of up to 93 % for specific dyes and significant reductions in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biological oxygen demand (BOD). Additionally, these FeNPs exhibited notable antimicrobial properties against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.</div><div>This review encompasses studies conducted between January 2015 and December 2023, providing detailed characterization of the synthesized FeNPs and underscoring their potential applications in wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 10-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11731503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The amidases (EC 3.5.1.4) are versatile hydrolase biocatalysts that have been the attention of academia and industries for stereo-selective synthesis and bioremediation. These are categorized based on the amino acid sequence and substrate specificity. Notably, the Signature amidase family is distinguished by a characteristic signature sequence, GGSS(S/G)GS, which encompasses highly conserved Ser-Ser-Lys catalytic residues, and the amidases belonging to this family typically demonstrate a broad substrate spectrum activity. The amidases classified within the nitrilase superfamily possess distinct Glu-Lys-Cys catalytic residues and exhibit activity towards small aliphatic substrates. Recent discoveries have underscored the potential role of amidases in the degradation of toxic amides present in polymers, insecticides, and food products. This expands the horizons for amidase-mediated biodegradation of amide-laden pollutants and fosters sustainable development alongside organic synthesis. The burgeoning global production facilities are expected to drive a heightened demand for this enzyme, attributable to its promising chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective hydrolysis capabilities for a variety of amides. Advances in protein engineering have enhanced the catalytic efficiency, structural stability, and substrate selectivity of amidases. Concurrently, the heterologous expression of amidase genes sourced from thermophiles has facilitated the development of highly stable amidases with significant industrial relevance. Beyond their biotransformation capabilities concerning amides, through amido-hydrolase and acyltransferase activities, recent investigations have illuminated the potential of amidase-mediated degradation of amide-containing pollutants in soil and aquatic environments. This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements pertaining to microbial amidases (EC 3.5.1.4), focusing on aspects such as their distribution, gene mining methodologies, enzyme stability, protein engineering, reusability, and biocatalytic efficacy in organic synthesis and biodegradation.
{"title":"Microbial amidases: Characterization, advances and biotechnological applications","authors":"Rajendra Singh , Refana Shahul , Vijay Kumar , Ashok Kumar Yadav , Praveen Kumar Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2024.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The amidases (EC 3.5.1.4) are versatile hydrolase biocatalysts that have been the attention of academia and industries for stereo-selective synthesis and bioremediation. These are categorized based on the amino acid sequence and substrate specificity. Notably, the Signature amidase family is distinguished by a characteristic signature sequence, GGSS(S/G)GS, which encompasses highly conserved Ser-Ser-Lys catalytic residues, and the amidases belonging to this family typically demonstrate a broad substrate spectrum activity. The amidases classified within the nitrilase superfamily possess distinct Glu-Lys-Cys catalytic residues and exhibit activity towards small aliphatic substrates. Recent discoveries have underscored the potential role of amidases in the degradation of toxic amides present in polymers, insecticides, and food products. This expands the horizons for amidase-mediated biodegradation of amide-laden pollutants and fosters sustainable development alongside organic synthesis. The burgeoning global production facilities are expected to drive a heightened demand for this enzyme, attributable to its promising chemo-, regio-, and enantioselective hydrolysis capabilities for a variety of amides. Advances in protein engineering have enhanced the catalytic efficiency, structural stability, and substrate selectivity of amidases. Concurrently, the heterologous expression of amidase genes sourced from thermophiles has facilitated the development of highly stable amidases with significant industrial relevance. Beyond their biotransformation capabilities concerning amides, through amido-hydrolase and acyltransferase activities, recent investigations have illuminated the potential of amidase-mediated degradation of amide-containing pollutants in soil and aquatic environments. This review offers a comprehensive overview of recent advancements pertaining to microbial amidases (EC 3.5.1.4), focusing on aspects such as their distribution, gene mining methodologies, enzyme stability, protein engineering, reusability, and biocatalytic efficacy in organic synthesis and biodegradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 44-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732141/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Microbiome engineering has emerged as a transformative approach to enhancing food safety and quality by strategically modulating microbial communities. This review critically examines state-of-the-art techniques, including synthetic biology, artificial intelligence (AI), and systems biology, that are revolutionizing our ability to improve nutritional profiles, extend shelf life, and optimize food production processes. The review further explores complex social, ethical, and regulatory considerations, emphasizing the importance of robust public engagement and the establishment of standardized frameworks to ensure safe and effective implementation. While microbiome engineering holds significant promise for revolutionizing food safety and quality control, further research is needed to address critical challenges, including understanding microbial dynamics in complex food systems and developing harmonized regulatory frameworks. By bridging interdisciplinary gaps, this paper underscores the necessity of collaborative efforts to unlock the full potential of microbiome-driven innovations for a more resilient and sustainable food industry.
{"title":"The role of Micro-biome engineering in enhancing Food safety and quality","authors":"Anand Kumar , Abhishek Bisht , SammraMaqsood , SaiqaAmjad , Sapna baghel , Swapnil Ganesh Jaiswal , Shuai wei","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbiome engineering has emerged as a transformative approach to enhancing food safety and quality by strategically modulating microbial communities. This review critically examines state-of-the-art techniques, including synthetic biology, artificial intelligence (AI), and systems biology, that are revolutionizing our ability to improve nutritional profiles, extend shelf life, and optimize food production processes. The review further explores complex social, ethical, and regulatory considerations, emphasizing the importance of robust public engagement and the establishment of standardized frameworks to ensure safe and effective implementation. While microbiome engineering holds significant promise for revolutionizing food safety and quality control, further research is needed to address critical challenges, including understanding microbial dynamics in complex food systems and developing harmonized regulatory frameworks. By bridging interdisciplinary gaps, this paper underscores the necessity of collaborative efforts to unlock the full potential of microbiome-driven innovations for a more resilient and sustainable food industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 67-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.002
Minenhle PD. Sibisi , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla
Nanotechnology is being used to solve a variety of environmental issues, including wastewater treatment. In the present study, a rapid eco-friendly method was applied to biosynthesize and optimize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) from Kytococcus sedentarius. The CuNPs characteristics were identified using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV–Vis spectroscope (UV–Vis). To determine the maximum metabolic yield, the optimum dosage size, pH, temperature, salinity and cations were evaluated. The antibacterial activity of the samples against Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Test. 28.3 nm was the average crystallite size of CuNPs revealed through XRD analysis. The SEM and TEM analysis depicted the CuNPs to be agglomerated in various sizes and forms. Elements such as Carbon (25.23 % wt), Cu (23.37 % Wt) and Oxygen (20.13 % Wt) were found in CuNPs. The nanoparticles had functional groups and a Cu–O bond at 559 cm −1. The CuNPs retained 70 % of its weight whereas the bioflocculant retained only 50 % when heated at a range of 100 °C–900 °C. The samples exhibited a UV–Vis spectra between 250 and 300 nm, at a range of 200–1400 nm. The flocculating effeciency of CuNPs was optimal at 0.2 mg/mL (92 %) and cation independent (92 %). pH 7 was the peak maximum as 98 % of the flocculating activity was obtained. The CuNPs were thermally stable than the bioflocculant as over 80 % of its flocculating activity was retained even at high temperatures (121 °C). The CuNPs were not affected by the increase in NaCl concentration with the highest NaCl concentration (35 g/L) having the highest flocculating activity of 90 %. CuNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains, with greater susceptibility observed in S. aureus as compared to the bioflocculant. Thus, CuNPs have a potential to be applied in wastewater treatment to replace traditional flocculants.
{"title":"Eco-friendly synthesis and optimization of CuNPs using a non-pathogenic bioflocculant from Kytococcus sedentarius","authors":"Minenhle PD. Sibisi , Albertus K. Basson , Zuzingcebo G. Ntombela , Rajasekhar V.S.R. Pullabhotla","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nanotechnology is being used to solve a variety of environmental issues, including wastewater treatment. In the present study, a rapid eco-friendly method was applied to biosynthesize and optimize copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) from <em>Kytococcus sedentarius</em>. The CuNPs characteristics were identified using X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier Transform infrared (FT-IR), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and UV–Vis spectroscope (UV–Vis). To determine the maximum metabolic yield, the optimum dosage size, pH, temperature, salinity and cations were evaluated. The antibacterial activity of the samples against Gram-negative and Gram-positive isolates was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Test. 28.3 nm was the average crystallite size of CuNPs revealed through XRD analysis. The SEM and TEM analysis depicted the CuNPs to be agglomerated in various sizes and forms. Elements such as Carbon (25.23 % wt), Cu (23.37 % Wt) and Oxygen (20.13 % Wt) were found in CuNPs. The nanoparticles had functional groups and a Cu–O bond at 559 cm <sup>−1</sup>. The CuNPs retained 70 % of its weight whereas the bioflocculant retained only 50 % when heated at a range of 100 °C–900 °C. The samples exhibited a UV–Vis spectra between 250 and 300 nm, at a range of 200–1400 nm. The flocculating effeciency of CuNPs was optimal at 0.2 mg/mL (92 %) and cation independent (92 %). pH 7 was the peak maximum as 98 % of the flocculating activity was obtained. The CuNPs were thermally stable than the bioflocculant as over 80 % of its flocculating activity was retained even at high temperatures (121 °C). The CuNPs were not affected by the increase in NaCl concentration with the highest NaCl concentration (35 g/L) having the highest flocculating activity of 90 %. CuNPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against both bacterial strains, with greater susceptibility observed in <em>S. aureus</em> as compared to the bioflocculant. Thus, CuNPs have a potential to be applied in wastewater treatment to replace traditional flocculants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 89-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143529560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases including sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to address the involvement of miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-29) in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In this study we have done integrated analysis of miRNAs with their potential gene targets as a strategy for management of OSA.
Methods
miRNA expression levels were quantified in healthy control group and obese vs. Non-obese OSA subjects by Quantitative real-time PCR. In-silico analysis of interplay of miRNAs with potential gene targets was done using Schrödinger Release 2023-1.
Results
The real time expression analysis revealed a differential expression pattern in miRNAs indicating down-regulation of miR-21 in obese OSA while miR-29 showed upregulation as compared to non-obese OSA and healthy subjects with p values of ≤0.01 and <0.0001respectively. A trend was observed where target genes TGFBR2, NAMPT, and NPPB were significantly increased with p-value of ≤0.0001 and TGFBR3 and INSIG2 showed decreasing trend with p-value of ≤0.0001 between obese and non-obese OSA respectively. MD simulation analysis provided valuable information regarding the stability, flexibility, compactness and solvent exposure of the complexes over time.
Conclusion
miR-21 and miR-29 possesses differential expressions in obese OSA subject and exihbits strong molecular interactions with potential target genes, such as TGFBR2, NPPB, NAMPT and INSIG2. Identifying the miRNAs, genes and pathways associated with OSA can help to expand our understanding of the risk factors for the disease as well as provide new avenues for potential treatment.
{"title":"Integrative analysis of candidate MicroRNAs and gene targets for OSA management using in silico and in-vitro approach","authors":"Gaganjyot Kaur Bakshi , Sartaj Khurana , Shambhavee Srivastav , Rohit Kumar , Mukesh Chourasia , Sudeep Bose","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases including sleep disorders. The aim of this study is to address the involvement of miRNAs (miR-21 and miR-29) in the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In this study we have done integrated analysis of miRNAs with their potential gene targets as a strategy for management of OSA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>miRNA expression levels were quantified in healthy control group and obese vs. Non-obese OSA subjects by Quantitative real-time PCR. In-silico analysis of interplay of miRNAs with potential gene targets was done using Schrödinger Release 2023-1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The real time expression analysis revealed a differential expression pattern in miRNAs indicating down-regulation of miR-21 in obese OSA while miR-29 showed upregulation as compared to non-obese OSA and healthy subjects with p values of ≤0.01 and <0.0001respectively. A trend was observed where target genes TGFBR2, NAMPT, and NPPB were significantly increased with p-value of ≤0.0001 and TGFBR3 and INSIG2 showed decreasing trend with p-value of ≤0.0001 between obese and non-obese OSA respectively. MD simulation analysis provided valuable information regarding the stability, flexibility, compactness and solvent exposure of the complexes over time.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>miR-21 and miR-29 possesses differential expressions in obese OSA subject and exihbits strong molecular interactions with potential target genes, such as TGFBR2, NPPB, NAMPT and INSIG2. Identifying the miRNAs, genes and pathways associated with OSA can help to expand our understanding of the risk factors for the disease as well as provide new avenues for potential treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143132794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recombinant protein production is a milestone of modern biotechnology, drug development and scientific research. When obtaining recombinant protein producers, differences in expression levels among clones necessitate screening. Traditional widely used methods include protein electrophoresis and western blot hybridization. This protocol provides high-throughput advantages by eliminating time-consuming steps inherent to traditional methods, such as cell lysis, protein extraction, purification, antibody-based detection, and gel-based analysis. MALDI-TOF MS represents a simple, rapid and cost-effective method for bacterial species identification through protein fingerprint signature in clinical diagnostics, but not practically integrated into biotechnological workflow. This study proposes a fast and easy method for screening E. coli clones producing recombinant proteins with MALDI-TOF MS. The proposed method demonstrated efficiency in screening of E. coli producing several recombinant proteins with different properties: sfGFP; bacterial DNA binding proteins IHFα, IHFβ, HU; bacteriophage protein GP46 and camelid VHH antibody fragments.
{"title":"Straightforward MALDI-TOF MS based screening approach for selection of recombinant protein-expressing E. coli","authors":"I.N. Kravtsov , A.I. Solovyev , E.A. Potemkina , A.V. Kartashova , M.A. Dmitrieva , K.V. Danilova , I.L. Tutykhina , N.B. Polyakov , V.D. Desinov , D.A. Egorova , A.L. Gintsburg","doi":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biotno.2025.02.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recombinant protein production is a milestone of modern biotechnology, drug development and scientific research. When obtaining recombinant protein producers, differences in expression levels among clones necessitate screening. Traditional widely used methods include protein electrophoresis and western blot hybridization. This protocol provides high-throughput advantages by eliminating time-consuming steps inherent to traditional methods, such as cell lysis, protein extraction, purification, antibody-based detection, and gel-based analysis. MALDI-TOF MS represents a simple, rapid and cost-effective method for bacterial species identification through protein fingerprint signature in clinical diagnostics, but not practically integrated into biotechnological workflow. This study proposes a fast and easy method for screening <em>E. coli</em> clones producing recombinant proteins with MALDI-TOF MS. The proposed method demonstrated efficiency in screening of <em>E. coli</em> producing several recombinant proteins with different properties: sfGFP; bacterial DNA binding proteins IHF<em>α</em>, IHF<em>β</em>, HU; bacteriophage protein GP46 and camelid VHH antibody fragments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100186,"journal":{"name":"Biotechnology Notes","volume":"6 ","pages":"Pages 100-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号