Cancer Innovation最新文献_第10页

Establishment of a humanized mouse model using steady-state peripheral blood-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells facilitates screening of cancer-targeted T-cell repertoires 利用稳态外周血造血干细胞和祖细胞建立人源化小鼠模型，有助于筛选癌症靶向 T 细胞基因组

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.118

Yulin Xu, Wei Shan, Qian Luo, Meng Zhang, Dawei Huo, Yijin Chen, Honghu Li, Yishan Ye, Xiaohong Yu, Yi Luo, He Huang

Background

Cancer-targeted T-cell receptor T (TCR-T) cells hold promise in treating cancers such as hematological malignancies and breast cancers. However, approaches to obtain cancer-reactive TCR-T cells have been unsuccessful.

Methods

Here, we developed a novel strategy to screen for cancer-targeted TCR-T cells using a special humanized mouse model with person-specific immune fingerprints. Rare steady-state circulating hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells were expanded via three-dimensional culture of steady-state peripheral blood mononuclear cells, and then the expanded cells were applied to establish humanized mice. The human immune system was evaluated according to the kinetics of dendritic cells, monocytes, T-cell subsets, and cytokines. To fully stimulate the immune response and to obtain B-cell precursor NAML-6- and triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231-targeted TCR-T cells, we used the inactivated cells above to treat humanized mice twice a day every 7 days. Then, human T cells were processed for TCR β-chain (TRB) sequencing analysis. After the repertoires had been constructed, features such as the fraction, diversity, and immune signature were investigated.

Results

The results demonstrated an increase in diversity and clonality of T cells after treatment. The preferential usage and features of TRBV, TRBJ, and the V–J combination were also changed. The stress also induced highly clonal expansion. Tumor burden and survival analysis demonstrated that stress induction could significantly inhibit the growth of subsequently transfused live tumor cells and prolong the survival of the humanized mice.

Conclusions

We constructed a personalized humanized mouse model to screen cancer-targeted TCR-T pools. Our platform provides an effective source of cancer-targeted TCR-T cells and allows for the design of patient-specific engineered T cells. It therefore has the potential to greatly benefit cancer treatment.

背景癌症靶向 T 细胞受体 T（TCR-T）细胞有望治疗血液恶性肿瘤和乳腺癌等癌症。然而，获得癌症反应性 TCR-T 细胞的方法一直不成功。方法在这里，我们开发了一种新策略，利用具有特异性免疫指纹的特殊人源化小鼠模型筛选癌症靶向 TCR-T 细胞。通过对稳态外周血单核细胞进行三维培养，扩增稀有的稳态循环造血干细胞和祖细胞，然后将扩增的细胞用于建立人源化小鼠。根据树突状细胞、单核细胞、T 细胞亚群和细胞因子的动力学，对人的免疫系统进行了评估。为了充分刺激免疫反应并获得 B 细胞前体 NAML-6 和三阴性乳腺癌 MDA-MB-231 靶向 TCR-T 细胞，我们使用上述灭活细胞处理人源化小鼠，每天两次，每次 7 天。然后，处理人T细胞，进行TCR β-链（TRB）测序分析。在构建了TCR β-链（TRB）序列后，研究了TCR β-链的比例、多样性和免疫特征等特征。结果结果表明，治疗后 T 细胞的多样性和克隆性都有所增加。TRBV、TRBJ和V-J组合的优先使用情况和特征也发生了变化。应激还诱导了高度的克隆扩增。肿瘤负荷和存活率分析表明，应激诱导能显著抑制随后输注的活肿瘤细胞的生长，延长人源化小鼠的存活时间。结论我们构建了一个个性化人源化小鼠模型来筛选癌症靶向 TCR-T 池。我们的平台提供了癌症靶向 TCR-T 细胞的有效来源，并允许设计患者特异性工程 T 细胞。因此，它有可能极大地促进癌症治疗。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative genomic and transcriptomic profiling of pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma identifies molecular subtypes associated with distinct immune features and clinical outcomes 肺肉瘤样癌的基因组和转录组综合分析确定了与不同免疫特征和临床结果相关的分子亚型

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.112

Sahil Seth, Runzhe Chen, Yang Liu, Junya Fujimoto, Lingzhi Hong, Alexandre Reuben, Susan Varghese, Carmen Behrens, Tina McDowell, Luisa Solis Soto, Cara Haymaker, Annikka Weissferdt, Neda Kalhor, Jia Wu, Xiuning Le, Natalie I Vokes, Chao Cheng, John V. Heymach, Don L. Gibbons, P. Andrew Futreal, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Humam Kadara, Jianhua Zhang, Cesar Moran, Jianjun Zhang

Background

Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (PSC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), characterized by the presence of epithelial and sarcoma-like components. The molecular and immune landscape of PSC has not been well defined.

Methods

Multiomics profiling of 21 pairs of PSCs with matched normal lung tissues was performed through targeted high-depth DNA panel, whole-exome, and RNA sequencing. We describe molecular and immune features that define subgroups of PSC with disparate genomic and immunogenic features as well as distinct clinical outcomes.

Results

In total, 27 canonical cancer gene mutations were identified, with TP53 the most frequently mutated gene, followed by KRAS. Interestingly, most TP53 and KRAS mutations were earlier genomic events mapped to the trunks of the tumors, suggesting branching evolution in most PSC tumors. We identified two distinct molecular subtypes of PSC, driven primarily by immune infiltration and signaling. The Immune High (IM-H) subtype was associated with superior survival, highlighting the impact of immune infiltration on the biological and clinical features of localized PSCs.

Conclusions

We provided detailed insight into the mutational landscape of PSC and identified two molecular subtypes associated with prognosis. IM-H tumors were associated with favorable recurrence-free survival and overall survival, highlighting the importance of tumor immune infiltration in the biological and clinical features of PSCs.

背景肺肉瘤样癌（PSC）是非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）中一种罕见的侵袭性亚型，其特点是存在上皮和肉瘤样成分。PSC的分子和免疫特征尚未得到很好的界定。方法通过有针对性的高深度 DNA 面板、全外显子组和 RNA 测序，对 21 对 PSCs 和匹配的正常肺组织进行了多组学分析。我们描述了界定具有不同基因组和免疫原性特征以及不同临床结局的 PSC 亚组的分子和免疫特征。结果共发现 27 个典型癌基因突变，TP53 是最常见的突变基因，其次是 KRAS。有趣的是，大多数TP53和KRAS突变都是映射到肿瘤主干的早期基因组事件，这表明大多数PSC肿瘤都存在分支进化。我们发现了两种不同的 PSC 分子亚型，主要由免疫浸润和信号转导驱动。免疫高亚型（IM-H）与较高的存活率相关，突出了免疫浸润对局部 PSCs 的生物学和临床特征的影响。结论我们详细了解了 PSC 的突变情况，并确定了两种与预后相关的分子亚型。IM-H肿瘤与良好的无复发生存率和总生存率相关，突出了肿瘤免疫浸润在PSCs生物学和临床特征中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Prognostic value of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis 心血管磁共振在免疫检查点抑制剂相关心肌炎中的预后价值：系统回顾和荟萃分析

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.109

Wenhua Song, Nan Zhang, Tonglian Lv, Yang Zhao, Guangping Li, Gary Tse, Tong Liu

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) are increasingly used in the first-line treatment of malignant tumors. There is increasing recognition of their cardiotoxicity and, in particular, their potential to lead to myocarditis. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) can quantify pathological changes, such as myocardial edema and fibrosis. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine the evidence for the roles of CMR in predicting prognosis in ICI-associated myocarditis.

Methods

PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched until October 2023 for published works investigating the relationship between CMR parameters and adverse events in patients with ICI-associated myocarditis. The analysis included studies reporting the incidence of late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), T1 values, T2 values, and CMR-derived left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Odds ratios (OR) and weighted mean differences (WMD) were combined for binary and continuous data, respectively. Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the included studies.

Results

Five cohort studies were included (average age 65–68 years; 25.4% female). Of these, four studies were included in the meta-analysis of LGE-related findings. Patients with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) had a higher incidence of LGE compared with patients without MACE (OR = 4.18, 95% CI: 1.72–10.19, p = 0.002). A meta-analysis, incorporating data from two studies, showed that patients who developed MACE exhibited significantly higher T1 value (WMD = 36.16 ms, 95% CI: 21.43–50.89, p < 0.001) and lower LVEF (WMD = − 8.00%, 95% CI: −13.60 to −2.40, p = 0.005). Notably, T2 value (WMD = −0.23 ms, 95% CI: −1.86 to −1.39, p = 0.779) was not associated with MACE in patients with ICI-related myocarditis.

Conclusions

LGE, T1 value, and LVEF measured by CMR imaging have potential prognostic value for long-term adverse events in patients with ICI-related myocarditis.

背景免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）越来越多地被用于恶性肿瘤的一线治疗。越来越多的人认识到这些药物的心脏毒性，尤其是其导致心肌炎的可能性。心血管磁共振（CMR）可量化病理变化，如心肌水肿和纤维化。本系统综述和荟萃分析的目的是研究 CMR 在预测 ICI 相关性心肌炎预后方面作用的证据。方法检索 PubMed、Cochrane Library 和 Web of Science 数据库中截至 2023 年 10 月已发表的研究 ICI 相关性心肌炎患者 CMR 参数与不良事件之间关系的著作。分析包括报告晚期钆增强（LGE）、T1 值、T2 值和 CMR 导出的左心室射血分数（LVEF）发生率的研究。对二元数据和连续数据分别合并了比值比（OR）和加权平均差（WMD）。采用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量。结果共纳入五项队列研究（平均年龄 65-68 岁；25.4% 为女性）。其中，四项研究纳入了 LGE 相关结果的荟萃分析。与未发生重大心血管不良事件（MACE）的患者相比，发生 LGE 的患者较多（OR = 4.18，95% CI：1.72-10.19，p = 0.002）。一项包含两项研究数据的荟萃分析表明，发生 MACE 的患者 T1 值显著升高（WMD = 36.16 ms，95% CI：21.43-50.89，p = 0.001），LVEF 值显著降低（WMD = - 8.00%，95% CI：-13.60--2.40，p = 0.005）。值得注意的是，T2值（WMD = -0.23 ms，95% CI：-1.86 至 -1.39，p = 0.779）与ICI相关心肌炎患者的MACE无关。结论 CMR 成像测量的 LGE、T1 值和 LVEF 对 ICI 相关心肌炎患者的长期不良事件具有潜在的预后价值。

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引用次数: 0

Personalized surgical recommendations and quantitative therapeutic insights for patients with metastatic breast cancer: Insights from deep learning 为转移性乳腺癌患者提供个性化手术建议和量化治疗见解：深度学习的启示

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.119

Enzhao Zhu, Linmei Zhang, Jiayi Wang, Chunyu Hu, Qi Jing, Weizhong Shi, Ziqin Xu, Pu Ai, Zhihao Dai, Dan Shan, Zisheng Ai

Background

The role of surgery in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is currently controversial. Several novel statistical and deep learning (DL) methods promise to infer the suitability of surgery at the individual level.

Objective

The objective of this study was to identify the most applicable DL model for determining patients with MBC who could benefit from surgery and the type of surgery required.

Methods

We introduced the deep survival regression with mixture effects (DSME), a semi-parametric DL model integrating three causal inference methods. Six models were trained to make individualized treatment recommendations. Patients who received treatments in line with the DL models' recommendations were compared with those who underwent treatments divergent from the recommendations. Inverse probability weighting (IPW) was used to minimize bias. The effects of various features on surgery selection were visualized and quantified using multivariate linear regression and causal inference.

Results

In total, 5269 female patients with MBC were included. DSME was an independent protective factor, outperforming other models in recommending surgery (IPW-adjusted hazard ratio [HR] = 0.39, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.19–0.78) and type of surgery (IPW-adjusted HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.48–0.93). DSME was superior to other models and traditional guidelines, suggesting a higher proportion of patients benefiting from surgery, especially breast-conserving surgery. The debiased effect of patient characteristics, including age, tumor size, metastatic sites, lymph node status, and breast cancer subtypes, on surgery decision was also quantified.

Conclusions

Our findings suggested that DSME could effectively identify patients with MBC likely to benefit from surgery and the specific type of surgery needed. This method can facilitate the development of efficient, reliable treatment recommendation systems and provide quantifiable evidence for decision-making.

背景手术在转移性乳腺癌（MBC）中的作用目前还存在争议。有几种新型统计和深度学习（DL）方法有望在个体水平上推断手术的适宜性。目标本研究旨在确定最适用的深度学习模型，以确定可从手术中获益的 MBC 患者以及所需的手术类型。方法我们引入了具有混合效应的深度生存回归模型（DSME），这是一种整合了三种因果推断方法的半参数 DL 模型。我们对六个模型进行了训练，以提出个性化的治疗建议。接受符合 DL 模型建议的治疗的患者与接受不同于建议的治疗的患者进行了比较。使用反概率加权（IPW）将偏差最小化。使用多元线性回归和因果推理对各种特征对手术选择的影响进行了可视化和量化。结果共纳入 5269 例女性乳腺癌患者。DSME是一个独立的保护因素，在推荐手术方面优于其他模型（IPW调整后的危险比[HR] = 0.39，95%置信区间[CI]：0.19-0.78）和手术类型（IPW调整后的危险比[HR] = 0.66，95% 置信区间[CI]：0.48-0.93）方面优于其他模型。DSME优于其他模型和传统指南，表明有更高比例的患者从手术中获益，尤其是保乳手术。我们还量化了患者特征（包括年龄、肿瘤大小、转移部位、淋巴结状态和乳腺癌亚型）对手术决策的影响。结论我们的研究结果表明，DSME 可以有效识别可能从手术中获益的 MBC 患者以及所需的具体手术类型。这种方法有助于开发高效、可靠的治疗推荐系统，并为决策提供可量化的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Improvement of histone deacetylase inhibitor efficacy by SN38 through TWIST1 suppression in synovial sarcoma SN38 通过抑制 TWIST1 提高组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂在滑膜肉瘤中的疗效

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.113

Satoru Sasagawa, Jun Kumai, Toru Wakamatsu, Yoshihiro Yui

Background

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is an SS18-SSX fusion gene-driven soft tissue sarcoma with mesenchymal characteristics, associated with a poor prognosis due to frequent metastasis to a distant organ, such as the lung. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors (HDACis) are arising as potent molecular targeted drugs, as HDACi treatment disrupts the SS oncoprotein complex, which includes HDACs, in addition to general HDACi effects. To provide further molecular evidence for the advantages of HDACi treatment and its limitations due to drug resistance induced by the microenvironment in SS cells, we examined cellular responses to HDACi treatment in combination with two-dimensional (2D) and 3D culture conditions.

Methods

Using several SS cell lines, biochemical and cell biological assays were performed with romidepsin, an HDAC1/2 selective inhibitor. SN38 was concomitantly used as an ameliorant drug with romidepsin treatment. Cytostasis, apoptosis induction, and MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence A/B (MICA/B) induction were monitored to evaluate the drug efficacy. In addition to the conventional 2D culture condition, spheroid culture was adopted to evaluate the influence of cell-mass microenvironment on chemoresistance.

Results

By monitoring the cellular behavior with romidepsin and/or SN38 in SS cells, we observed that responsiveness is diverse in each cell line. In the apoptotic inducible cells, co-treatment with SN38 enhanced cell death. In nonapoptotic inducible cells, cytostasis and MICA/B induction were observed, and SN38 improved MICA/B induction further. As a novel efficacy of SN38, we revealed TWIST1 suppression in SS cells. In the spheroid (3D) condition, romidepsin efficacy was severely restricted in TWIST1-positive cells. We demonstrated that TWIST1 downregulation restored romidepsin efficacy even in spheroid form, and concomitant SN38 treatment along with romidepsin reproduced the reaction.

Conclusions

The current study demonstrated the benefits and concerns of using HDACi for SS treatment in 2D and 3D culture conditions and provided molecular evidence that concomitant treatment with SN38 can overcome drug resistance to HDACi by suppressing TWIST1 expression.

背景滑膜肉瘤（SS）是一种由SS18-SSX融合基因驱动的软组织肉瘤，具有间质特性，由于经常转移至肺部等远处器官，预后较差。组蛋白去乙酰化酶（HDAC）抑制剂（HDACis）作为强效分子靶向药物应运而生，因为HDACi治疗除了一般的HDACi作用外，还能破坏包括HDACs在内的SS癌蛋白复合物。为了进一步从分子角度证明 HDACi 治疗的优势及其因 SS 细胞微环境诱导的耐药性而产生的局限性，我们结合二维（2D）和三维培养条件研究了细胞对 HDACi 治疗的反应。方法利用几种 SS 细胞系，使用 HDAC1/2 选择性抑制剂罗米地辛进行生化和细胞生物学检测。在使用罗米地辛治疗的同时，还使用 SN38 作为改善药物。通过监测细胞凋亡、细胞凋亡诱导和 MHC I 类多肽相关序列 A/B（MICA/B）诱导来评估药物疗效。除了传统的二维培养条件外，还采用了球形培养来评估细胞质微环境对化疗耐药性的影响。结果通过监测romidepsin和/或SN38在SS细胞中的细胞行为，我们观察到各细胞系的反应性各不相同。在凋亡诱导型细胞中，与 SN38 联合处理可增强细胞死亡。在非凋亡诱导型细胞中，观察到细胞停滞和 MICA/B 诱导，SN38 进一步改善了 MICA/B 诱导。作为 SN38 的一项新功效，我们发现了 SS 细胞中 TWIST1 的抑制作用。在球形（3D）条件下，罗米地辛在 TWIST1 阳性细胞中的疗效受到严重限制。我们证明，即使在球形细胞中，TWIST1 的下调也能恢复罗米地辛的疗效，而且在罗米地辛治疗的同时，SN38 治疗也能再现这种反应。结论目前的研究证明了在二维和三维培养条件下使用 HDACi 治疗 SS 的益处和顾虑，并提供了分子证据，证明同时使用 SN38 治疗可通过抑制 TWIST1 的表达克服对 HDACi 的耐药性。

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引用次数: 0

Cancer treatment with biosimilar drugs: A review 使用生物类似药治疗癌症：综述

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.115

Shilpa Malakar, Emmanuel Nuah Gontor, Moses Y. Dugbaye, Kamal Shah, Sakshi Sinha, Priya Sutaoney, Nagendra Singh Chauhan

Biosimilars are biological drugs created from living organisms or that contain living components. They share an identical amino-acid sequence and immunogenicity. These drugs are considered to be cost-effective and are utilized in the treatment of cancer and other endocrine disorders. The primary aim of biosimilars is to predict biosimilarity, efficacy, and treatment costs; they are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and have no clinical implications. They involve analytical studies to understand the similarities and dissimilarities. A biosimilar manufacturer sets up FDA-approved reference products to evaluate biosimilarity. The contribution of next-generation sequencing is evolving to study the organ tumor and its progression with its impactful therapeutic approach on cancer patients to showcase and target rare mutations. The study shall help to understand the future perspectives of biosimilars for use in gastro-entero-logic diseases, colorectal cancer, and thyroid cancer. They also help target specific organs with essential mutational categories and drug prototypes in clinical practices with blood and liquid biopsy, cell treatment, gene therapy, recombinant therapeutic proteins, and personalized medications. Biosimilar derivatives such as monoclonal antibodies like trastuzumab and rituximab are common drugs used in cancer therapy. Escherichia coli produces more than six antibodies or antibody-derived proteins to treat cancer such as filgrastim, epoetin alfa, and so on.

生物仿制药是指从生物体中提取或含有生物成分的生物药物。它们具有相同的氨基酸序列和免疫原性。这些药物被认为具有成本效益，可用于治疗癌症和其他内分泌疾病。生物仿制药的主要目的是预测生物相似性、疗效和治疗成本；它们由美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准，对临床没有影响。它们涉及分析研究，以了解相似性和不相似性。生物仿制药生产商会建立经 FDA 批准的参照产品，以评估生物仿制药的相似性。下一代测序技术在研究器官肿瘤及其进展方面的贡献正在不断发展，其对癌症患者的影响治疗方法可展示并锁定罕见突变。这项研究将有助于了解生物仿制药在胃肠道疾病、结直肠癌和甲状腺癌中的应用前景。生物仿制药还有助于在临床实践中通过血液和液体活检、细胞治疗、基因治疗、重组治疗蛋白和个性化药物，针对特定器官的基本突变类别和药物原型进行治疗。生物仿制药的衍生物，如曲妥珠单抗和利妥昔单抗等单克隆抗体，是癌症治疗中常用的药物。大肠杆菌可产生六种以上治疗癌症的抗体或抗体衍生蛋白，如 filgrastim、epoetin alfa 等。

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引用次数: 0

18F-FDG PET/CT findings of paratesticular alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma 睾丸旁腺泡横纹肌肉瘤的 18F-FDG PET/CT 发现

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.121

Xueqi Chen, Jiayin Shou, Shanshi Li, Yan Fan, Jianhua Zhang

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) originates from primitive mesenchymal cells and is the most common soft tissue tumor in childhood. ¹⁸F-fluoro-deoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) has been reported to be valuable in RMS staging and risk stratification. Paratesticular RMS is a relatively uncommon form of RMS, most of which are of the embryonal histologic type. Paratesticular alveolar RMS is associated with aggressive behavior, high metastatic potential, and poor outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT imaging findings of paratesticular alveolar RMS have never been described. Here, we report on a 16-year-old boy's rare paratesticular alveolar RMS with multiple metastases and its findings on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT. This case also demonstrates the potential value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in RMS staging and treatment decisions, and may aid in the differential diagnosis.

横纹肌肉瘤（RMS）起源于原始间充质细胞，是儿童时期最常见的软组织肿瘤。据报道，18F-氟脱氧葡萄糖（18F-FDG）正电子发射断层扫描（PET）/计算机断层扫描（CT）对横纹肌肉瘤的分期和风险分层很有价值。睾丸旁RMS是一种相对少见的RMS，其中大多数属于胚胎组织学类型。睾丸旁肺泡型RMS具有侵袭性、高转移潜能和不良预后。据我们所知，18F-FDG PET/CT 对睾丸旁肺泡型 RMS 的成像结果从未有过描述。在此，我们报告了一名16岁男孩罕见的伴有多处转移的睾丸旁肺泡型RMS及其18F-FDG PET/CT成像结果。该病例还证明了18F-FDG PET/CT在RMS分期和治疗决策中的潜在价值，并有助于鉴别诊断。

引用次数: 0

Clinical practice guidelines for full-cycle standardized management of bone health in breast cancer patients 乳腺癌患者骨健康全周期标准化管理临床实践指南

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.111

Committee of Full-cycle Standardized Management of Bone Health in Breast Cancer Patients

Bone health management for breast cancer spans the entire cycle of patient care, including the prevention and treatment of bone loss caused by early breast cancer treatment, the adjuvant application of bone-modifying agents to improve prognosis, and the diagnosis and treatment of advanced bone metastases. Making good bone health management means formulating appropriate treatment strategies and dealing with adverse drug reactions, and will help to improve patients' quality of life and survival rates. The Breast Cancer Expert Committee of the National Cancer Center for Quality Control organized relevant experts to conduct an in-depth discussion on the full-cycle management of breast cancer bone health based on evidence-based medicine, and put forward reasonable suggestions to guide clinicians to better deal with health issues in bone health clinics.

乳腺癌的骨健康管理横跨患者护理的整个周期，包括预防和治疗早期乳腺癌治疗引起的骨质流失、辅助应用骨修饰药物以改善预后，以及诊断和治疗晚期骨转移。做好骨健康管理，就是要制定合适的治疗策略，处理好药物不良反应，有助于提高患者的生活质量和生存率。国家癌症质控中心乳腺癌专家委员会组织相关专家对基于循证医学的乳腺癌骨健康全周期管理进行了深入探讨，并提出合理建议，指导临床医生更好地处理骨健康诊疗中的健康问题。

引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular disease burden in patients with urological cancers: The new discipline of uro-cardio-oncology 泌尿系统癌症患者的心血管疾病负担：泌尿心血管肿瘤学这门新学科

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.108

Yi Zheng, Ying Liu, Ziliang Chen, Yunpeng Zhang, Zuo Qi, Ning Wu, Zhiqiang Zhao, Gary Tse, Yong Wang, Hailong Hu, Yuanjie Niu, Tong Liu

Cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, and urological cancers are the most common cancers among men. Several therapeutic agents have been used to treat urological cancer, leading to improved survival for patients. However, this has been accompanied by an increase in the frequency of survivors with cardiovascular complications caused by anticancer medications. Here, we propose the novel discipline of uro-cardio-oncology, an evolving subspecialty focused on the complex interactions between cardiovascular disease and urological cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the various cardiovascular toxicities induced by different classes of antineoplastic agents used to treat urological cancers, including androgen deprivation therapy, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapeutics. In addition, we discuss possible mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular toxicity associated with anticancer therapy and outline strategies for the surveillance, diagnosis, and effective management of cardiovascular complications. Finally, we provide an analysis of future perspectives in this emerging specialty, identifying areas in need of further research.

癌症仍然是全球死亡的主要原因，而泌尿系统癌症是男性最常见的癌症。目前已有多种治疗药物用于治疗泌尿系统癌症，从而提高了患者的生存率。然而，与此同时，因抗癌药物引起心血管并发症的幸存者人数也在增加。在此，我们提出了泌尿心血管肿瘤学这一新兴学科，它是一个不断发展的亚专科，重点研究心血管疾病与泌尿系统癌症之间复杂的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了用于治疗泌尿系统癌症的各类抗肿瘤药物诱发的各种心血管毒性，包括雄激素剥夺疗法、血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、免疫检查点抑制剂和化疗药物。此外，我们还讨论了与抗癌治疗相关的心血管毒性的可能机制，并概述了心血管并发症的监测、诊断和有效管理策略。最后，我们分析了这一新兴专业的未来前景，确定了需要进一步研究的领域。

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引用次数: 0

Cardiovascular disease burden in patients with urological cancers: The new discipline of uro‐cardio‐oncology 泌尿系统癌症患者的心血管疾病负担：泌尿心血管肿瘤学这门新学科

Cancer Innovation

Pub Date : 2024-02-05 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.108

Yi Zheng, Ying Liu, Ziliang Chen, Yunpeng Zhang, Zuo Qi, Ning Wu, Zhiqiang Zhao, Gary Tse, Yong Wang, Hailong Hu, Yuanjie Niu, Tong Liu

Cancer remains a major cause of mortality worldwide, and urological cancers are the most common cancers among men. Several therapeutic agents have been used to treat urological cancer, leading to improved survival for patients. However, this has been accompanied by an increase in the frequency of survivors with cardiovascular complications caused by anticancer medications. Here, we propose the novel discipline of uro‐cardio‐oncology, an evolving subspecialty focused on the complex interactions between cardiovascular disease and urological cancer. In this comprehensive review, we discuss the various cardiovascular toxicities induced by different classes of antineoplastic agents used to treat urological cancers, including androgen deprivation therapy, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors, immune checkpoint inhibitors, and chemotherapeutics. In addition, we discuss possible mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular toxicity associated with anticancer therapy and outline strategies for the surveillance, diagnosis, and effective management of cardiovascular complications. Finally, we provide an analysis of future perspectives in this emerging specialty, identifying areas in need of further research.

癌症仍然是全球死亡的主要原因，而泌尿系统癌症是男性最常见的癌症。目前已有多种治疗药物用于治疗泌尿系统癌症，从而提高了患者的生存率。然而，与此同时，因抗癌药物引起心血管并发症的幸存者人数也在增加。在此，我们提出了泌尿心血管肿瘤学这一新兴学科，它是一个不断发展的亚专科，重点研究心血管疾病与泌尿系统癌症之间复杂的相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了用于治疗泌尿系统癌症的各类抗肿瘤药物诱发的各种心血管毒性，包括雄激素剥夺疗法、血管内皮生长因子受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、免疫检查点抑制剂和化疗药物。此外，我们还讨论了与抗癌治疗相关的心血管毒性的可能机制，并概述了心血管并发症的监测、诊断和有效管理策略。最后，我们分析了这一新兴专业的未来前景，确定了需要进一步研究的领域。

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引用次数: 0