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Annual progress of clinical research on targeted therapy for nonsmall cell lung cancer in 2022 2022年非小细胞肺癌癌症靶向治疗临床研究年度进展
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.56
Yan Huang, Li Zhang

With the rapid development of lung cancer molecular detection and precision therapy, targeted therapy has covered the entire process of diagnosis and treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer patients. Overall mortality from lung cancer has decreased significantly over the past 20 years, especially since the introduction of targeted drugs in 2013. In 2022, targeted therapy for lung cancer has developed rapidly. The optimization of treatment modes and the exploration of new target drugs such as antibody-drug conjugates will broaden the selection range of nonsmall cell lung cancer patients with positive driver genes. This article reviews the latest advances in targeted therapy for driver gene-positive lung cancer in 2022.

随着癌症分子检测和精准治疗的快速发展,靶向治疗已经覆盖了非小细胞肺癌癌症患者的整个诊断和治疗过程。癌症的总体死亡率在过去20年中显著下降,特别是自2013年引入靶向药物以来。2022年,癌症靶向治疗发展迅速。治疗模式的优化和新靶向药物如抗体驱动基因偶联物的探索将拓宽驱动基因阳性的非小细胞肺癌癌症患者的选择范围。本文综述了2022年癌症驱动基因阳性肺癌靶向治疗的最新进展。
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引用次数: 2
Advances in medical treatment of advanced hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer in 2022 2022年晚期癌症和胰腺癌的医学治疗进展
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.60
Le Zhang, Rui Liu, Ting Deng, Yi Ba

This article summarizes the drug therapy progress of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, biliary tract cancer, and pancreatic cancer in 2022, including chemotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, to provide reference information for current clinical treatment and future clinical research, and to better improve prognosis and quality of life in patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic cancer.

本文总结了2022年晚期肝细胞癌、胆道癌症、癌症的药物治疗进展,包括化疗、分子靶向治疗和免疫治疗,为当前临床治疗和未来临床研究提供参考信息,更好地改善癌症和胰腺癌患者的预后和生活质量。
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引用次数: 1
Recent advances in immunotherapy for lung cancer 癌症免疫治疗的最新进展
Pub Date : 2023-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.55
Qi Wang, Chunxia Su, Caicun Zhou

Lung cancer is the malignant tumor with the highest morbidity and mortality in China, and nonsmall cell lung cancer is a common form of lung cancer. After undergoing chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy, the treatment of lung cancer has now fully entered the era of immunotherapy. Immunotherapy-based treatment has become one of the standard treatments for lung cancer. Immunotherapy has also gradually moved from the back line to the front line, from advanced to early patients. This article focuses on the latest developments in perioperative and advanced lung cancer immunotherapy, discusses the problems and challenges at the current stage, and explores new directions for future development.

癌症是我国发病率和死亡率最高的恶性肿瘤,非小细胞肺癌癌症是癌症的常见形式。经过化疗和分子靶向治疗,癌症的治疗现已全面进入免疫治疗时代。以免疫疗法为基础的治疗已成为癌症的标准治疗方法之一。免疫治疗也逐渐从后防线转移到前线,从晚期患者转移到早期患者。本文重点介绍了围手术期和晚期癌症免疫治疗的最新进展,探讨了现阶段存在的问题和挑战,并探索了未来发展的新方向。
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引用次数: 0
Ground glass nodules with scattered or eccentric island-shaped consolidations may have poor outcomes 磨玻璃结节伴有散在或偏心的岛状固结可能预后不佳
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.48
Ming Li, Junjie Xi, Huan Zhang, Xing Jin, Zhuoyang Fan, Cheng Zhan, Mingxiang Feng, Lijie Tan, Qun Wang

Background

To explore the effect of scattered or eccentric shaped types of ground glass opacity (GGO) on outcomes of patients with solid-dominant peripheral lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods

We evaluated patients with solid-dominant peripheral lung adenocarcinoma, who underwent radical surgery at Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, between January 2013 and December 2015. Morphologically heterogeneous solid-dominant lung adenocarcinoma in imaging findings was based on the last preoperative computed tomography (CT) scans. Endpoints were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan–Meier analysis and the log-rank test were used to estimate survival differences. Impact factors were assessed by univariable logistic regression analysis.

Results

We retrospectively collected data from 200 patients, including 170 patients with central island-shaped CT imaging, 18 patients with scattered shaped CT imaging, and 12 patients with eccentric shaped CT imaging. Eleven patients experienced recurrence or metastases. Kaplan–Meier survival curves showed significant survival differences between the central island-shaped type and scattered shaped or eccentric shaped type for OS (c-stage IA: 5-year OS: 100% vs. 92.1%; HR = 0.019, p = 0.0025; p-stage IA: 100% vs. 95.2%; HR = 0.146, p = 0.1139) and RFS (c-stage IA: 5-year RFS: 100% vs. 59.7%; HR = 0.001, p < 0.0001; p-stage IA: 100% vs. 64.5%; HR < 0.001, p < 0.0001). Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that scattered and eccentric shaped types were related to poor outcomes (p < 0.012, odds ratio = 18.8).

Conclusions

Relative spatial position of GGO and solid components may affect patient outcomes. Patients with scattered or eccentric shaped GGO may have a poor prognosis.

背景探讨散在型或偏心型磨玻璃样混浊(GGO)对实体优势型周围型肺腺癌患者预后的影响。方法我们评估了2013年1月至2015年12月在复旦大学中山医院接受根治性手术的实体型显性周围型肺腺癌患者。形态异质性实体优势肺腺癌的影像学表现基于术前最后一次计算机断层扫描。终点为无复发生存期(RFS)和总生存期(OS)。Kaplan–Meier分析和对数秩检验用于估计生存差异。通过单变量逻辑回归分析评估影响因素。结果我们回顾性收集了200例患者的数据,其中170例为中心岛状CT成像,18例为散射状CT成像和12例为偏心状CT成像。11名患者出现复发或转移。Kaplan-Meier生存曲线显示,OS的中心岛型和分散型或偏心型之间存在显著的生存差异(c期IA:5年OS:100%对92.1%;HR = 0.019,p = 0.0025;p-阶段IA:100%对95.2%;小时 = 0.146,p = 0.1139)和RFS(c期IA:5年RFS:100%对59.7%;HR = 0.001,p <; 0.0001;p阶段IA:100%对64.5%;小时 <; 0.001,p <; 0.0001)。单变量逻辑回归分析显示,分散型和偏心型与不良预后有关(p <; 0.012,比值比 = 18.8)。结论GGO和固体成分的相对空间位置可能影响患者的预后。GGO呈分散型或偏心型的患者预后可能较差。
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引用次数: 0
Radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, and cryoablation-induced abscopal effect: Challenges and future prospects 放射治疗、光动力治疗和冷冻消融诱导的脓肿效应:挑战和未来前景
Pub Date : 2023-02-23 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.53
Sadik Ali Mohammad, Arshadul Hak, Sunil V. Pogu, Aravind K. Rengan

Local therapy modalities such as radiation therapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, and cryoablation have been used to treat localized tumors for decades. The discovery of the abscopal effect causes a paradigm shift where local therapy also causes systemic effects and leads to the remission of nonirradiated tumors. The abscopal effect of radiation therapy, alone or in combination with other treatments, has been extensively studied over the last six decades. However, the results are unsatisfactory in producing robust, reproducible, and long-lasting systemic effects. Although immunotherapy and radiation therapy are promising in producing the abscopal effect, the abscopal effect's mechanism is still unclear, owing to various factors such as irradiation type and dose and cancer type. This article reviews the research progress, clinical and preclinical evidence of the abscopal effect by various local therapies alone and in combination with chemotherapy and immunotherapy, case reports, and the current challenges in producing the abscopal effect by various local therapies, focusing on radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, cryoablation, and the prospects for obtaining a robust, reproducible, and long-lasting abscopal effect.

几十年来,放射治疗、光动力治疗、光热治疗和冷冻消融等局部治疗方式已被用于治疗局部肿瘤。脓肿效应的发现引起了一种范式的转变,局部治疗也会引起全身效应,并导致非放射肿瘤的缓解。在过去的60年里,单独或与其他治疗相结合的放射治疗的脓肿效应已经得到了广泛的研究。然而,在产生强大、可重复和持久的系统效应方面,结果并不令人满意。尽管免疫疗法和放射治疗在产生潜逃效应方面很有前景,但由于照射类型和剂量以及癌症类型等因素,潜逃效应的机制仍不清楚。本文综述了各种局部疗法单独以及与化疗和免疫疗法联合使用的脓肿效应的研究进展、临床和临床前证据、病例报告,以及目前通过各种局部疗法产生脓肿效应的挑战,重点是放疗、光动力疗法、冷冻消融,可重复和持久的潜逃效果。
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引用次数: 3
Ecological view of carcinogenesis: Niche-altering (NC3) mechanisms 致癌作用的生态学观点:生态位改变(NC3)机制
Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.54
Mesut Tez

Over the last 30 years, a new actor in the area of ecology and evolution has emerged: niche construction theory (NCT). The fundamental premise of NCT is that organisms may actively influence evolutionary processes by modifying their circumstances [1]⁠.

According to Trappes et al., [2] the concept of niche construction should only be applied to species that alter their environment, which they believe to be its intuitive scope. They add two more terms to describe the ways that organisms engage with their surroundings and so influence their niches: when organisms choose their environment, this is known as niche choice, and when they adapt their phenotype to fit their environment, this is known as niche conformance. These three concepts are often referred to as niche-altering mechanisms, or NC3 mechanisms: niche conformance, niche construction, and niche choice. This is in line with definitions of mechanisms developed in scientific philosophy [2]⁠.

Cancer was attempted to be explained using NC3 mechanisms in this essay.

Carcinogenesis is a three-stage process that includes initiation, progression, and metastasis [3]. Cancer initiation is an example of niche conformance. Phenotypic plasticity, or an organism's ability to develop distinct phenotypes in response to environmental variation, is involved in niche conformance. Unlike phenotypic plasticity, niche conformance also includes how phenotypic adjustment leads to changes in the phenotype-environment match and fitness [2]⁠.

The constant replacement of old cells with newly formed healthy differentiated cells (progeny) originating from adult stem cells regulates epithelial tissue turnover. Each differentiated cell in an organism expresses a subset of all the genes found in that species' genome. The pattern of gene expression defines a differentiated cell type (hepatocyte, enterocyte, and so on). Adult stem cells are thought to reside in many tissues within a niche formed by a group of cells and an extracellular matrix that provides an optimal environment for the adult stem cell. Furthermore, adult stem cells are resistant to apoptosis, making them more resistant to the damaging effects of environmental stress than their progeny [4, 5]⁠⁠.

The stress stimulus exposure consists of all current environmental parameters (including the stress stimulus) as well as the organism's phenome (all features of the organism at that moment). The phenomenon of ‘this particular moment’ bears the effects of all previous encounters; the organism has plasticity (the phenomenal repertoire it can demonstrate in response to environmental changes) and abilities due to all previous processes (both from the organism's own life process and from the processes of its ancestors). The organism's plasticity in the face of a stress stimulus is related to its genome, epigenome, phenom, and environment, whi

组织由细胞和细胞外基质(ECM)组成,组织群以结构和功能单位聚集在一起,形成器官。生物体是由几个器官通过血液和淋巴管相互作用而形成的。生态位创造机制的特点是专注的个体,积极地改变其周围环境。肿瘤组织是生态位构建的一个例子。实体瘤不是细胞和ECM的随机集合,而是类似于器官,尽管在结构和生理上功能失调。它们包括许多细胞类型和细胞外基质成分,它们通过这些不同组织成分之间的复杂相互作用生长,所采用的机制通常与发育中的器官所使用的机制相似。例如,在早期乳腺肿瘤中发现的极性较弱的多层上皮模仿了正在发育的乳腺末端芽的快速增殖和侵袭上皮。在发育中和成熟的乳腺中,转录因子GATA3支持上皮分化、组织和存活。它在早期癌症中起着类似的作用。然而,当癌症发展到晚期、分化程度较低的阶段时,选择GATA3阴性的祖细胞样细胞。令人惊讶的是,在晚期癌症细胞中恢复GATA3的表达会导致分化更好、转移更少的肿瘤的发展[7]⁠. 肿瘤,如正常器官,与生物体的其他部分相互作用。将肿瘤视为小生境构建机制可能有助于我们更好地理解驱动实体瘤发展和进展的过程。个体迁移到不同的栖息地,即栖息地选择,是一种典型的生态位选择[2]⁠⁠. 这有时是一个暂时的或上下文相关的选项。此外,如果某些个体被驱入质量较低的栖息地(而不是在没有竞争的情况下根据自己的选择来选择),个体之间对有限的高质量栖息地的竞争可能会导致表型-环境相关性。癌症生态位选择的最佳例证是肝转移。肝脏是癌症转移的主要部位,约占所有病例的25%。尽管转移灶在非肝硬化肝脏中广泛存在,但许多尸检研究已经证实,它们在肝硬化肝脏中并不常见。对转移性疾病发展的主要观点进行综述,足以解释普通人群中肝转移的患病率和肝硬化中肝转移相对罕见的情况。斯蒂芬·佩吉特于1889年提出的“种子和土壤”假说认为,转移性肿瘤细胞的“种子”只有在到达友好环境的合适“土壤”(如健康的肝脏)时才会成为完全转移[8]⁠. 从NC3机制的角度来看,“种子和土壤”假说是一种生态位选择。在医学研究中,还原论和专业化导致了对基本生物系统过程和如何管理这些系统的应用的关键发现。还原论方法在理解和控制癌症等复杂生物系统方面存在盲点。科学学科和思想从一个研究领域到另一个领域的交叉授粉产生了新的范式和重大转变,这些范式和转变可以被描述为无法解释的逻辑飞跃。复杂的生态系统和癌症之间有着强烈的相似之处。例如,鉴于生态学家成功地理解了生态进化过程,并在综合害虫管理框架下管理了害虫,问题来了:如果肿瘤学家开始像生态学家一样思考,癌症治疗的结果是否会得到改善?NC3机制可以是实现这一目的的良好工具。梅苏特·泰兹:写作-评论&amp;编辑。提交人声明没有利益冲突。不适用。不适用。
{"title":"Ecological view of carcinogenesis: Niche-altering (NC3) mechanisms","authors":"Mesut Tez","doi":"10.1002/cai2.54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cai2.54","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Over the last 30 years, a new actor in the area of ecology and evolution has emerged: niche construction theory (NCT). The fundamental premise of NCT is that organisms may actively influence evolutionary processes by modifying their circumstances [<span>1</span>]⁠.</p><p>According to Trappes et al., [<span>2</span>] the concept of niche construction should only be applied to species that alter their environment, which they believe to be its intuitive scope. They add two more terms to describe the ways that organisms engage with their surroundings and so influence their niches: when organisms choose their environment, this is known as niche choice, and when they adapt their phenotype to fit their environment, this is known as niche conformance. These three concepts are often referred to as niche-altering mechanisms, or NC<sup>3</sup> mechanisms: niche conformance, niche construction, and niche choice. This is in line with definitions of mechanisms developed in scientific philosophy [<span>2</span>]⁠.</p><p>Cancer was attempted to be explained using NC<sup>3</sup> mechanisms in this essay.</p><p>Carcinogenesis is a three-stage process that includes initiation, progression, and metastasis [<span>3</span>]. Cancer initiation is an example of niche conformance. Phenotypic plasticity, or an organism's ability to develop distinct phenotypes in response to environmental variation, is involved in niche conformance. Unlike phenotypic plasticity, niche conformance also includes how phenotypic adjustment leads to changes in the phenotype-environment match and fitness [<span>2</span>]⁠.</p><p>The constant replacement of old cells with newly formed healthy differentiated cells (progeny) originating from adult stem cells regulates epithelial tissue turnover. Each differentiated cell in an organism expresses a subset of all the genes found in that species' genome. The pattern of gene expression defines a differentiated cell type (hepatocyte, enterocyte, and so on). Adult stem cells are thought to reside in many tissues within a niche formed by a group of cells and an extracellular matrix that provides an optimal environment for the adult stem cell. Furthermore, adult stem cells are resistant to apoptosis, making them more resistant to the damaging effects of environmental stress than their progeny [<span>4, 5</span>]⁠⁠.</p><p>The stress stimulus exposure consists of all current environmental parameters (including the stress stimulus) as well as the organism's phenome (all features of the organism at that moment). The phenomenon of ‘this particular moment’ bears the effects of all previous encounters; the organism has plasticity (the phenomenal repertoire it can demonstrate in response to environmental changes) and abilities due to all previous processes (both from the organism's own life process and from the processes of its ancestors). The organism's plasticity in the face of a stress stimulus is related to its genome, epigenome, phenom, and environment, whi","PeriodicalId":100212,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Innovation","volume":"2 2","pages":"96-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cai2.54","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50139608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Advances in medical treatment of breast cancer in 2022 2022年癌症医学治疗进展
Pub Date : 2023-02-21 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.46
Jingtong Zhai, Yun Wu, Fei Ma, Virginia Kaklamani, Binghe Xu

Breast cancer has replaced lung cancer as the most common malignancy worldwide. The 5-year survival rate of breast cancer has reached 90%. Systemic treatment of breast cancer has developed into a mature system including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy. This article summarizes the annual progress of breast cancer chemotherapy, targeted therapy, endocrine therapy and immunotherapy in 2022, providing valuable information for future research to better guide individualized treatment of breast cancer, thereby improving the prognosis and quality of life of breast cancer patients.

癌症已取代癌症成为全世界最常见的恶性肿瘤。癌症5年生存率达90%。癌症的系统治疗已发展成为一个成熟的系统,包括化疗、靶向治疗、内分泌治疗和免疫治疗。本文总结了2022年癌症化疗、靶向治疗、内分泌治疗和免疫治疗的年度进展,为未来的研究提供了有价值的信息,更好地指导癌症乳腺癌的个体化治疗,从而改善癌症乳腺癌患者的预后和生活质量。
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引用次数: 1
Emerging roles of circular RNAs in the invasion and metastasis of head and neck cancer: Possible functions and mechanisms 环状 RNA 在头颈癌的侵袭和转移中的新作用:可能的功能和机制
Pub Date : 2023-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.50
Shouyi Tang, Luyao Cai, Zhen Wang, Dan Pan, Qing Wang, Yingqiang Shen, Yu Zhou, Qianming Chen

Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the seventh most prevalent malignancy worldwide in 2020. Cancer metastasis is the main cause of poor prognosis in HNC patients. Recently, circular RNAs (circRNAs), initially thought to have no biological function, are attracting increasing attention, and their crucial roles in mediating HNC metastasis are being extensively investigated. Existing studies have shown that circRNAs primarily function through miRNA sponges, transcriptional regulation, interacting with RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) and as translation templates. Among these functions, the function of miRNA sponge is the most prominent. In this review, we summarized the reported circRNAs involved in HNC metastasis, aiming to elucidate the regulatory relationship between circRNAs and HNC metastasis. Furthermore, we summarized the latest advances in the epidemiological information of HNC metastasis and the tumor metastasis theories, the biogenesis, characterization and functional mechanisms of circRNAs, and their potential clinical applications. Although the research on circRNAs is still in its infancy, circRNAs are expected to serve as prognostic markers and effective therapeutic targets to inhibit HNC metastasis and significantly improve the prognosis of HNC patients.

头颈癌(HNC)是 2020 年全球第七大高发恶性肿瘤。癌症转移是导致 HNC 患者预后不良的主要原因。近来,最初被认为没有生物学功能的环状 RNA(circRNA)正引起越来越多的关注,它们在介导 HNC 转移中的关键作用正受到广泛研究。现有研究表明,circRNAs 主要通过 miRNA 海绵、转录调控、与 RNA 结合蛋白(RBPs)相互作用以及作为翻译模板发挥作用。在这些功能中,miRNA 海绵的功能最为突出。在这篇综述中,我们总结了已报道的参与HNC转移的circRNAs,旨在阐明circRNAs与HNC转移之间的调控关系。此外,我们还总结了HNC转移的流行病学信息和肿瘤转移理论、circRNAs的生物发生、表征和功能机制及其潜在的临床应用等方面的最新进展。尽管对circRNAs的研究仍处于起步阶段,但circRNAs有望作为预后标志物和有效的治疗靶点,抑制HNC转移,显著改善HNC患者的预后。
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引用次数: 0
Promoting the application of pediatric radiomics via an integrated medical engineering approach 通过综合医学工程方法促进儿科放射组学的应用
Pub Date : 2023-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.44
Haige Zheng, Fang Wang, Yang Li, Zhicheng Li, Xiaochun Zhang, Xuntao Yin

Radiomics is widely used in adult tumors but has been rarely applied to the field of pediatrics. Promoting the application of radiomics in pediatric diseases, especially in the early diagnosis and stratified treatment of tumors, is of great value to the realization of the WHO 2030 “Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer.” This paper discusses the general characteristics of radiomics, the particularity of its application to pediatric diseases, and the current status and prospects of pediatric radiomics. Radiomics is a data-driven science, and the combination of medicine and engineering plays a decisive role in improving data quality, data diversity, and sample size. Compared with adult radiomics, pediatric radiomics is significantly different in data type, disease spectrum, disease staging, and progression. Some progress has been made in the identification, classification, stratification, survival prediction, and prognosis of tumor diseases. In the future, big data applications from multiple centers and cross-talent training should be strengthened to improve the benefits for clinical workers and children.

放射组学广泛应用于成人肿瘤,但很少应用于儿科领域。促进放射组学在儿科疾病中的应用,特别是在肿瘤的早期诊断和分层治疗中,对实现世界卫生组织2030年“儿童癌症全球倡议”具有重要价值,以及儿科放射组学的现状和前景。放射组学是一门数据驱动的科学,医学和工程的结合在提高数据质量、数据多样性和样本量方面发挥着决定性作用。与成人放射组学相比,儿科放射组学在数据类型、疾病谱、疾病分期和进展方面有显著差异。在肿瘤疾病的识别、分类、分层、生存预测和预后方面取得了一些进展。未来,应加强多中心大数据应用和跨人才培训,以提高临床工作者和儿童的福利。
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引用次数: 0
Adjuvant and neo-adjuvant immunotherapy in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Current status and perspectives 辅助和新辅助免疫疗法治疗可切除的癌症(NSCLC)的现状和前景
Pub Date : 2023-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.49
Ziyi Xu, Zihua Zou, Xuezhi Hao, Puyuan Xing, Junling Li

Surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy is the standard of care for selected patients with early-stage or locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, many of these patients still experience postoperative recurrence at 5 years. At present, peri-operative treatment methods are emerging to prevent early relapse, such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Investigation on predictive biomarkers of responses to adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapies is also continuously ongoing. Immunotherapy represented by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), either by monotherapy or in combination with chemotherapy, has shown benefit in promoting pathological responses and prolonging survival for patients with NSCLC without oncogenic mutations. Exploratory studies have also provided evidence regarding the selection of patients who benefit from ICI-based perioperative treatment. This review focuses on the existing data of current clinical trials of adjuvant and neoadjuvant strategies with ICIs in resectable NSCLC, the exploration of predictive biomarkers, and the perspectives and urgent challenges in the future.

手术后辅助化疗是选定的早期或局部晚期癌症(NSCLC)患者的标准护理。然而,这些患者中的许多人在5年后仍会经历术后复发。目前,预防早期复发的围手术期治疗方法正在出现,如靶向治疗和免疫疗法。对佐剂和新佐剂治疗反应的预测性生物标志物的研究也在持续进行中。以免疫检查点抑制剂(ICIs)为代表的免疫治疗,无论是单药治疗还是联合化疗,都显示出对无致癌突变的NSCLC患者在促进病理反应和延长生存期方面的益处。探索性研究也为选择受益于ICI围手术期治疗的患者提供了证据。这篇综述的重点是目前ICIs在可切除NSCLC中的辅助和新辅助策略的临床试验的现有数据,预测性生物标志物的探索,以及未来的前景和紧迫挑战。
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引用次数: 0
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Cancer Innovation
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