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A bibliometric analysis of worldwide cancer research using machine learning methods 利用机器学习方法对全球癌症研究的文献计量分析
Pub Date : 2023-04-11 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.68
Lianghong Lin, Likeng Liang, Maojie Wang, Runyue Huang, Mengchun Gong, Guangjun Song, Tianyong Hao

With the progress and development of computer technology, applying machine learning methods to cancer research has become an important research field. To analyze the most recent research status and trends, main research topics, topic evolutions, research collaborations, and potential directions of this research field, this study conducts a bibliometric analysis on 6206 research articles worldwide collected from PubMed between 2011 and 2021 concerning cancer research using machine learning methods. Python is used as a tool for bibliometric analysis, Gephi is used for social network analysis, and the Latent Dirichlet Allocation model is used for topic modeling. The trend analysis of articles not only reflects the innovative research at the intersection of machine learning and cancer but also demonstrates its vigorous development and increasing impacts. In terms of journals, Nature Communications is the most influential journal and Scientific Reports is the most prolific one. The United States and Harvard University have contributed the most to cancer research using machine learning methods. As for the research topic, “Support Vector Machine,” “classification,” and “deep learning” have been the core focuses of the research field. Findings are helpful for scholars and related practitioners to better understand the development status and trends of cancer research using machine learning methods, as well as to have a deeper understanding of research hotspots.

随着计算机技术的进步和发展,将机器学习方法应用于癌症研究已成为一个重要的研究领域。为了分析该研究领域的最新研究现状和趋势、主要研究主题、主题演变、研究合作和潜在方向,本研究对2011年至2021年间从PubMed收集的6206篇关于癌症研究的文献进行了文献计量分析。Python被用作文献计量分析的工具,Gephi被用于社交网络分析,Latent Dirichlet Allocation模型被用于主题建模。文章的趋势分析不仅反映了机器学习与癌症交叉点的创新研究,也展示了其蓬勃发展和日益增长的影响。在期刊方面,《自然通讯》是最具影响力的期刊,《科学报告》是最多产的期刊。美国和哈佛大学使用机器学习方法对癌症研究做出了最大贡献。就研究主题而言,“支持向量机”、“分类”和“深度学习”一直是研究领域的核心焦点。研究结果有助于学者和相关从业人员更好地了解癌症研究的发展现状和趋势,并对研究热点有更深入的了解。
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引用次数: 0
Advances in the treatment of solid tumors in children and adolescents 儿童青少年实体瘤治疗进展
Pub Date : 2023-04-08 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.66
Jing Tian, Jiayu Wang, Sidan Li

Tumor is one of the leading causes of death in children (0 to 14-year-old) and adolescents (15 to 19-year-old) worldwide. Unlike adult tumors, childhood and adolescent tumors are unique in their type, molecular characteristics, and pathogenesis, and their treatment involves many challenges. In recent years, with the development of a large number of clinical studies, the survival rate of children and adolescents with tumors has improved significantly. The extensive research and application of optimized treatment regimens and new targeted drugs have led to new hope for the treatment of childhood and adolescent tumors. This article reviews the clinical and basic research and treatment of childhood and adolescent tumors and provides new ideas for the future development of precise treatment of childhood and adolescent tumors.

肿瘤是全球儿童(0至14岁)和青少年(15至19岁)死亡的主要原因之一。与成人肿瘤不同,儿童和青少年肿瘤在类型、分子特征和发病机制方面是独特的,其治疗涉及许多挑战。近年来,随着大量临床研究的开展,儿童青少年肿瘤患者的生存率明显提高。优化治疗方案和新靶向药物的广泛研究和应用为儿童和青少年肿瘤的治疗带来了新的希望。本文综述了儿童青少年肿瘤的临床和基础研究与治疗,为儿童青少年肿瘤精准治疗的未来发展提供了新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Chaotic fractals: Why chaos is the dynamic of carcinogenesis 混沌分形:为什么混沌是致癌的动力
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.63
Mesut Tez

We can see the fractals in our environment every day (trees, snowflakes, broccoli, etc.). Even the shapes of the DNA helix and anatomical structures are fractal, for example, the branching of blood vessels, bronchi, and cell membranes [1]. Unlike euclidean geometry, fractal geometry reveals how an object with irregularities in many dimensions can be identified by examining how the number of features in one dimension relates to the number of similarly shaped features in other dimensions [2]. Mandelbrot used fractal geometry to describe such irregular shapes and demonstrated that this geometry was an appropriate mathematical language for describing chaotic systems [1]. In fractal geometry, the fractal dimension (FD) is a statistical quantity that gives an indication of how completely a fractal appears to fill space, as one zooms down to finer and finer scales. The FD provides a measure of the complexity of a structure. Increased FD is an indicator of chaos [3].

A complex adaptive system (CAS) is a type of system that is composed of many interacting components, called agents, which can adapt and change their behavior based on their interactions with the environment and with other agents. CAS are characterized by their ability to self-organize and evolve over time, often resulting in emergent properties and behaviors that cannot be predicted from the properties of the individual agents alone. Examples of CAS include ecosystems, economies, social networks, and the human brain. It is also worth noting that a CAS can have both chaotic and regular behavior depending on the circumstances and the complexity of the system. Stem cells can also be considered CAS because they possess many of the characteristics that define CAS. Stem cells have the ability to self-renew, differentiate into multiple cell types, and respond to signals from their environment [4]. Some studies suggest an important role of the feedback loop between cancer cells and the microenvironment. Also, putting cells into an “inappropriate” microenvironmental context can otherwise trigger pathological issues, and even neoplastic transformation [5]. Cancer has previously been demonstrated to be a chaotic behavior of the stem cell [6].

The FD of chromatin has been demonstrated to increase during carcinogenesis and tumor growth in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, oropharyngeal carcinoma, and hepatocarcinoma compared to equivalent normal tissue. A research study of over 3000 cancer specimens revealed the prevalence of fractal chromatin structure in neoplasias, as well as the importance of this arrangement in the creation of chromosomal abnormalities [7]. Fractal analysis of the cell surface is a rather sensitive method that has been recently introduced to characterize cell progression toward cancer. Analysis of FD of cell surface imaged with atomic forc

我们每天都能在我们的环境中看到分形(树木、雪花、西兰花等)。即使是DNA螺旋的形状和解剖结构也是分形的,例如血管、支气管和细胞膜的分支[1]。与欧氏几何不同,分形几何揭示了如何通过检查一个维度上的特征数量与其他维度上形状相似的特征数量之间的关系来识别多个维度上具有不规则性的对象[2]。Mandelbrot使用分形几何来描述这种不规则形状,并证明这种几何是描述混沌系统的合适数学语言[1]。在分形几何中,分形维数(FD)是一个统计量,当人们向下缩放到越来越细的尺度时,它可以指示分形填充空间的完整程度。FD提供了对结构复杂性的度量。FD增加是混沌的一个指标[3]。复杂自适应系统(CAS)是一种由许多相互作用的组件组成的系统,称为代理,它们可以根据与环境和其他代理的相互作用来调整和改变其行为。CAS的特点是它们能够随着时间的推移进行自我组织和进化,通常会产生无法单独从单个代理的特性中预测的突发特性和行为。CAS的例子包括生态系统、经济、社会网络和人类大脑。同样值得注意的是,CAS可能具有混乱和规律的行为,这取决于环境和系统的复杂性。干细胞也可以被认为是CAS,因为它们具有许多定义CAS的特征。干细胞具有自我更新、分化为多种细胞类型并对来自其环境的信号作出反应的能力[4]。一些研究表明,癌症细胞和微环境之间的反馈回路起着重要作用。此外,将细胞置于“不合适”的微环境中可能会引发病理问题,甚至引发肿瘤转化[5]。癌症先前已被证明是干细胞的一种混乱行为[6]。与同等正常组织相比,弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤、慢性淋巴细胞白血病、口咽癌和肝癌的染色质FD在致癌和肿瘤生长过程中增加。一项对3000多个癌症标本的研究揭示了分形染色质结构在肿瘤中的普遍性,以及这种排列在染色体异常产生中的重要性[7]。细胞表面的分形分析是一种相当敏感的方法,最近被引入来表征细胞向癌症的进展。原子力显微镜(AFM)成像的细胞表面FD分析显示,正常和恶性人类宫颈上皮细胞之间存在强烈的分离[8]。越来越多的文献表明,FD是衡量肿瘤血管结构和肿瘤/实质边界病理学的有用指标[3,9]。基于熵的分形图像建模已被用于提高乳腺肿瘤钼靶摄影检测的诊断准确性。乳腺密度与癌症的FD相关,并最终与较高的生长率相关。FD较高的乳腺肿块表现出更高的侵袭性和较差的预后[5]。对比增强计算机断层扫描(CT)图像上肺肿瘤的FD表明,使用FD作为治疗反应或进展的预测指标是有必要的[10]。同样,对比增强CT中肝脏肿块的FD是接受舒尼替尼治疗的肝细胞癌患者的有用预后生物标志物[11]。甲状腺超声图像的FD分析用于预测和早期检测甲状腺恶性肿瘤[12]。此外,分形几何在许多射线照相分析中得到了应用。至少,混沌理论的应用为新的动态致癌途径开辟了机会。当然,混沌理论的应用并不能解决所有问题,但这样一种跨学科的方法可能会增加对致癌作用的理解。梅苏特·泰兹:写作——评论和编辑(平等)。作者声明没有利益冲突。不适用。不适用。
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引用次数: 0
Resveratrol activation of SIRT1/MFN2 can improve mitochondria function, alleviating doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury 白藜芦醇激活SIRT1/MFN2可改善线粒体功能,减轻阿霉素诱导的心肌损伤
Pub Date : 2023-03-30 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.64
Qingling Zhang, Yunpeng Zhang, Bingxin Xie, Daiqi Liu, Yueying Wang, Zandong Zhou, Yue Zhang, Emma King, Gary Tse, Tong Liu

Background

Doxorubicin is a widely used cytotoxic chemotherapy agent for treating different malignancies. However, its use is associated with dose-dependent cardiotoxicity, causing irreversible myocardial damage and significantly reducing the patient's quality of life and survival. In this study, an animal model of doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy was used to investigate the pathogenesis of doxorubicin-induced myocardial injury. This study also investigated a possible treatment strategy for alleviating myocardial injury through resveratrol therapy in vitro.

Methods

Adult male C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into a control group and a doxorubicin group. Body weight, echocardiography, surface electrocardiogram, and myocardial histomorphology were measured. The mechanisms of doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in H9c2 cell lines were explored by comparing three groups (phosphate-buffered saline, doxorubicin, and doxorubicin with resveratrol).

Results

Compared to the control group, the doxorubicin group showed a lower body weight and higher systolic arterial pressure, associated with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening, prolonged PR interval, and QT interval. These abnormalities were associated with vacuolation and increased disorder in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes, increased protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin and caspase 3, and reduced protein expression levels of Mitofusin2 (MFN2) and Sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Compared to the doxorubicin group, doxorubicin + resveratrol treatment reduced caspase 3 and manganese superoxide dismutase, and increased MFN2 and SIRT1 expression levels.

Conclusion

Doxorubicin toxicity leads to abnormal mitochondrial morphology and dysfunction in cardiomyocytes and induces apoptosis by interfering with mitochondrial fusion. Resveratrol ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by activating SIRT1/MFN2 to improve mitochondria function.

背景阿霉素是一种广泛应用的细胞毒性化疗药物,用于治疗不同的恶性肿瘤。然而,它的使用与剂量依赖性心脏毒性有关,会导致不可逆的心肌损伤,并显著降低患者的生活质量和生存率。在本研究中,使用阿霉素诱导的心肌病动物模型来研究阿霉素诱导的心肌损伤的发病机制。本研究还探讨了通过白藜芦醇体外治疗减轻心肌损伤的可能治疗策略。方法成年雄性C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为对照组和阿霉素组。测量体重、超声心动图、体表心电图和心肌组织形态学。通过比较三组(磷酸缓冲盐水、阿霉素和阿霉素与白藜芦醇),探讨了阿霉素在H9c2细胞系中的心脏毒性机制。结果与对照组相比,阿霉素组体重较低,收缩压较高,左心室射血分数降低,左心室分数缩短,PR间期延长,QT间期延长。这些异常与心肌细胞线粒体空泡化和紊乱增加、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白和胱天蛋白酶3的蛋白表达水平增加以及线粒体融合蛋白2(MFN2)和Sirtuin1(SIRT1)蛋白表达水平降低有关。与阿霉素组相比,阿霉素 + 白藜芦醇处理降低了胱天蛋白酶3和锰超氧化物歧化酶,并增加了MFN2和SIRT1的表达水平。结论阿霉素毒性可导致心肌细胞线粒体形态异常和功能障碍,并通过干扰线粒体融合诱导细胞凋亡。白藜芦醇通过激活SIRT1/MFN2改善线粒体功能来改善阿霉素诱导的心脏毒性。
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引用次数: 0
Large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma transformation: A novel acquired drug resistance mechanism in colorectal adenocarcinoma 大细胞神经内分泌癌转化:结直肠腺癌新的获得性耐药机制
Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.57
Feng Du, Ying Han, Xiao Hu, Yanjie Xiao, Youwu Shi, Jing Sun, Zhiwei Sun, Ying Yang, Jing Yu, Xiaodong Zhang, Jun Jia

Acquired resistance is a major problem limiting the clinical efficacy of treatments for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Histological transformation is an important mechanism underlying the acquired resistance of non-small cell lung cancer and prostate cancer to targeted therapy. However, no report has examined the role of histological transformation in mCRC. Here, we report the first case of histologically transformed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma from primary colon adenocarcinoma during antiangiogenesis and anti-PD-1 combination therapy. The histologic conversion was confirmed by the observation that the transformed large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma lesion retained the original mutational signature found in the primary tumor. Sequential tumor biopsy and dynamic changes in tumor markers demonstrated the transformed process. The histological transformation not only resulted in discordant responses to the same treatment but also significantly shortened overall survival. This case calls for more attention to histological transformation in mCRC. Tumor rebiopsy upon disease progression and monitoring dynamic changes in tumor markers would help to identify such cases.

获得性耐药性是限制转移性癌症(mCRC)治疗临床疗效的主要问题。组织学转化是非小细胞肺癌癌症和癌症对靶向治疗的获得性耐药性的重要机制。然而,还没有研究组织学转化在mCRC中的作用。在这里,我们报道了第一例在抗血管生成和抗PD-1联合治疗期间由原发性结肠癌组织学转化的大细胞神经内分泌癌。通过观察转化的大细胞神经内分泌癌病变保留了原发肿瘤中发现的原始突变特征,证实了组织学转化。连续的肿瘤活检和肿瘤标志物的动态变化证明了这一转变过程。组织学转变不仅导致对相同治疗的不一致反应,而且显著缩短了总生存期。该病例需要更多关注mCRC的组织学转化。对疾病进展进行肿瘤再活检并监测肿瘤标志物的动态变化将有助于识别此类病例。
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引用次数: 0
Flexible bioelectronic innovation for personalized health management 灵活的生物电子创新,实现个性化健康管理
Pub Date : 2023-03-12 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.61
Maowen Xie, Guang Yao, Yuan Lin

With the vigorous development of intelligent medical care and interdisciplinary science, innovative flexible bioelectronics (FBEs) are emerging in health monitoring, disease diagnosis and treatment, and even cancer therapy. This work comments on the recent progress of FBEs in personalized health management, emphasizing its innovative role in cancer therapy. Future perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for the next-generation innovative FBEs are also proposed.

随着智能医疗和跨学科科学的蓬勃发展,创新的柔性生物电子(FBE)正在健康监测、疾病诊断和治疗,甚至癌症治疗中涌现。这项工作评论了FBE在个性化健康管理方面的最新进展,强调其在癌症治疗中的创新作用。还对下一代创新FBE的挑战和机遇提出了未来展望。
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引用次数: 0
Advances and prospects of drug clinical research in colorectal cancer in 2022 2022年癌症药物临床研究进展与展望
Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.62
Dan Su, Chao Liu, Jie Cui, Jiebing Tang, Yuli Ruan, Yanqiao Zhang

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Clinical research results have provided more treatment opportunities for CRC patients, showing that an optimal combination of existing drugs and new drugs is needed to mitigate the burden of this disease. In this review, we have summarized recent advances in drug clinical research for CRC in 2022, including chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, to find opportunities for substantial improvements in drug discovery and clinical development methods.

癌症是癌症中第三常见的癌症,也是全球癌症死亡的第二大原因。临床研究结果为CRC患者提供了更多的治疗机会,表明需要现有药物和新药的最佳组合来减轻这种疾病的负担。在这篇综述中,我们总结了2022年CRC药物临床研究的最新进展,包括化疗、靶向治疗和免疫疗法,以寻找在药物发现和临床开发方法方面取得实质性改进的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Progress in phase III clinical trials of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy for glioblastoma 胶质母细胞瘤分子靶向治疗和免疫治疗的III期临床试验进展
Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.59
Yuekun Wang, Shenglan Li, Yichen Peng, Wenbin Ma, Yu Wang, Wenbin Li

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary central nervous system tumor, whose prognosis remains poor under the sequential standard of care, such as neurosurgery followed by concurrent temozolomide radiochemotherapy and adjuvant temozolomide chemotherapy in the presence or absence of tumor treating fields. Accordingly, the advent of molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy has opened a new era of tumor management. A diverse range of targeted drugs have been tested in patients with GBM in phase III clinical trials. However, these drugs are ineffective for all patients, as evidenced by the fact that only a minority of patients in these trials showed prolonged survival. Furthermore, there are several published phase III clinical trials that involve immune checkpoint inhibitors, peptide vaccines, dendritic cell vaccines, and virotherapy. Accordingly, this review comprehensively overviews existing studies of targeted drugs and immunotherapy for glioma and discusses the challenge and perspective of targeted drugs and immunotherapy for glioma to clarify future directions.

胶质母细胞瘤(GBM)是最常见的原发性中枢神经系统肿瘤,其预后在连续的治疗标准下仍然很差,例如神经外科手术后在存在或不存在肿瘤治疗领域的情况下同时进行替莫唑胺放化疗和辅助替莫唑酰胺化疗。因此,分子靶向治疗和免疫疗法的出现开启了肿瘤管理的新时代。在III期临床试验中,多种靶向药物已在GBM患者身上进行了测试。然而,这些药物对所有患者都无效,这一事实证明,在这些试验中,只有少数患者的生存期延长。此外,还有几项已发表的III期临床试验涉及免疫检查点抑制剂、肽疫苗、树突状细胞疫苗和病毒治疗。因此,本综述全面综述了神经胶质瘤靶向药物和免疫治疗的现有研究,并讨论了神经胶质癌靶向药物及免疫治疗的挑战和前景,以明确未来的发展方向。
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引用次数: 0
Role of YES1 signaling in tumor therapy resistance YES1信号传导在肿瘤耐药性中的作用
Pub Date : 2023-03-03 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.51
Hai Zhou, Dantong Sun, Junyan Tao, Mingjin Xu, Xiaochun Zhang, Helei Hou

YES proto-oncogene 1 (YES1) is an SRC family kinase (SFK) that plays a key role in cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, invasion, survival, and angiogenesis during tumorigenesis and tumor development. Reports suggest that YES1 amplification is associated with resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in human malignancies. However, the mechanisms of drug resistance have not been fully elucidated. In this article, we review the literature on YES1 and discuss the implications of YES1 signaling for targeted therapy and chemotherapy resistance in malignancies. Moreover, recent advances in targeted therapy for YES1-amplified malignancies are summarized. Finally, we conclude that targeting YES1 may reverse drug resistance and serve as a valuable tumor treatment strategy.

YES原癌基因1(YES1)是一种SRC家族激酶(SFK),在肿瘤发生和发展过程中,在癌症细胞增殖、粘附、侵袭、存活和血管生成中起着关键作用。报告表明,在人类恶性肿瘤中,YES1扩增与对化疗药物和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKIs)的耐药性有关。然而,耐药性的机制尚未完全阐明。在这篇文章中,我们回顾了关于YES1的文献,并讨论了YES1信号在恶性肿瘤靶向治疗和化疗耐药性中的意义。此外,还综述了YES1扩增恶性肿瘤靶向治疗的最新进展。最后,我们得出结论,靶向YES1可能逆转耐药性,并作为一种有价值的肿瘤治疗策略。
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引用次数: 0
The landscape of investigator-initiated oncology trials conducted in mainland China during the past decade (2010–2019) 过去十年(2010-2019年)在中国大陆进行的研究者启动的肿瘤学试验的情况
Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/cai2.58
Ye Cao, Lin-Miao Ye, Zhong Fan, Wei Yang, Li-Ying Chen, Yun Mei, De-Ying He, Wen-Jin Mo

The number of clinical trials conducted in mainland China, including investigator-initiated trials (IITs), has increased rapidly in recent years. However, there are few data on the characteristics of cancer-related IITs. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the landscape of cancer-related IITs in mainland China in the past decade. All cancer-related IITs registered on two clinical trial registries in the United States (www.clinicaltrials.gov, CT.gov) and mainland China (www.chictr.org.cn, ChiCTR) from 2010 to 2019 were identified. IITs were reviewed manually to validate classification, subcategorized by cancer type, and stratified by design characteristics to facilitate comparison across cancer types and with other specialties. A total of 8199 cancer-related IITs were identified. The number of trials registered annually increased over time, especially in the last 5 years. Although interventional studies were predominant, randomized double-blind studies accounted for only 8% of IITs. In the past decade, the trend for interventional studies conducted with different drugs increased year on year, although the increase in hormonal therapy IITs was not significant. Additionally, cancer-related IITs were unevenly geographically distributed, with half concentrated in the economically developed cities Shanghai, Beijing, and Guangdong. We also found an increase in registration before participant enrollment (64.9% for trials in conducted in 2015–2019 vs. 40.2% in 2010–2014, p < 0.001) and data monitoring committee use (44.5% vs. 40.0%, p = 0.001) and a decrease in randomization (51.5% vs. 62.7%, p < 0.001) and funding (36.4% vs. 56.3%, p < 0.001) between these periods. We also observed changes in intervention type (decrease in cytotoxic drug therapy [34.8% vs. 48.9%, p < 0.001]; increase in targeted therapy [17.8% vs. 14.2%, p = 0.004], immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy [6.6% vs. 0.0%, p < 0.001], and immune cell therapy [9.6% vs. 4.5%, p < 0.001]). Details of cancer-related IITs conducted during the past decade illustrate the merits of oncology research in mainland China. Although the increased quantity of IITs is encouraging, limitations remain regarding the quality of clinical trials, regional imbalances, and funding allocation.

近年来,在中国大陆进行的临床试验(包括研究者启动的试验)数量迅速增加。然而,关于癌症相关IIT的特征的数据很少。我们对过去十年中国大陆癌症相关IIT的情况进行了全面分析。确定了2010年至2019年在美国(www.clinicaltrials.gov,CT.gov)和中国大陆(www.chictr.org.cn,chictr)两个临床试验注册中心注册的所有癌症相关IIT。人工审查IIT以验证分类,按癌症类型进行子分类,并按设计特征进行分层,以促进癌症类型和其他专业的比较。共鉴定出8199个与癌症相关的IIT。随着时间的推移,每年登记的试验数量都在增加,尤其是在过去5年。尽管介入研究占主导地位,但随机双盲研究仅占IIT的8%。在过去的十年中,使用不同药物进行的介入研究的趋势逐年增加,尽管激素治疗IIT的增加并不显著。此外,与癌症相关的IIT在地理上分布不均,其中一半集中在经济发达的城市上海、北京和广东。我们还发现,参与者注册前的注册人数有所增加(2015-2019年进行的试验为64.9%,而2010-2014年为40.2%,p <; 0.001)和数据监测委员会使用(44.5%对40.0%,p = 0.001)和随机化减少(51.5%对62.7%,p <; 0.001)和资金(36.4%对56.3%,p <; 0.001)。我们还观察到干预类型的变化(细胞毒性药物治疗的减少[34.8%vs.48.9%,p <; 0.001];靶向治疗增加[17.8%vs.14.2%,p = 0.004],免疫检查点抑制剂治疗[6.6%vs.0.0%,p <; 0.001]和免疫细胞治疗[9.6%vs.4.5%,p <; 0.001])。过去十年中进行的癌症相关IIT的详细信息说明了中国大陆肿瘤学研究的优点。尽管IIT数量的增加令人鼓舞,但在临床试验的质量、区域失衡和资金分配方面仍然存在局限性。
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引用次数: 0
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Cancer Innovation
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