Pub Date : 2024-11-03DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100277
Emmanuel A.M. Elat , Alexandre Pierre , Prosper Pliya , Myriam Duc , Michel Mbessa , Albert Noumowé
The use of crushed sand instead as a substitute for river sand has gained importance in construction practices due to the limited availability of river sand. This study examines the physical and microstructural impacts of crushed sand on mortar carbonation. Using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). We highlight the influence of substituting river sand with crushed sand after exposure to 3 % CO2 in an accelerated carbonation chamber for 28 days. The mass fractions of Ca(OH)2 and CaCO3 were determined by thermogravimetric analysis, and a decrease in porosity was observed with an increasing proportion of crushed sand in the mixture. Partial or total substitution of river sand with crushed sand, for environmental purposes, shows improved resistance against CO2 attack. Our study reveals the beneficial effects of crushed sand in reducing porosity and carbonation compared to river sand.
由于河砂的供应有限，使用碎砂替代河砂在建筑实践中变得越来越重要。本研究探讨了碎砂对砂浆碳化的物理和微观结构影响。研究使用了 X 射线衍射 (XRD)、热重分析 (TGA) 和扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)。我们强调了在加速碳化室中暴露于 3% CO2 28 天后用碎砂代替河砂的影响。通过热重分析测定了 Ca(OH)2 和 CaCO3 的质量分数，并观察到孔隙率随着混合物中碎砂比例的增加而降低。为环保目的，用碎砂部分或全部替代河砂，可提高抗二氧化碳侵蚀的能力。与河沙相比，我们的研究揭示了碎沙在降低孔隙率和碳化方面的有益效果。
{"title":"Investigation of the influence of crushed sand on carbonation of Mortar: Physical and microstructural analysis","authors":"Emmanuel A.M. Elat , Alexandre Pierre , Prosper Pliya , Myriam Duc , Michel Mbessa , Albert Noumowé","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of crushed sand instead as a substitute for river sand has gained importance in construction practices due to the limited availability of river sand. This study examines the physical and microstructural impacts of crushed sand on mortar carbonation. Using X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Thermo-Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). We highlight the influence of substituting river sand with crushed sand after exposure to 3 % CO<sub>2</sub> in an accelerated carbonation chamber for 28 days. The mass fractions of Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> and CaCO<sub>3</sub> were determined by thermogravimetric analysis, and a decrease in porosity was observed with an increasing proportion of crushed sand in the mixture<em>.</em> Partial or total substitution of river sand with crushed sand, for environmental purposes, shows improved resistance against CO<sub>2</sub> attack. Our study reveals the beneficial effects of crushed sand in reducing porosity and carbonation compared to river sand.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100275
M.A. Shadab Siddiqui , M.S. Rabbi , Radif Uddin Ahmed , Md. Maruf Billah
The biodegradable natural polymers and fibers could be suggested to revolutionize 3D printing as sustainable, biocompatible, and unique properties in the print matrix for different applications. This review article covers the natural polymers in the form of cellulose, alginate, starch, collagen, silk, chitosan, and gelatin as printing constituents. Furthermore, it includes various natural fibers such as hemp, jute, flax, and bamboo with unique characteristics and advantages in 3D printing. Reinforcements derived from nature have provided better tensile strength, moduli, and flexural properties when infused into polymer matrices, such as PLA, ABS, and PP. Extrusion-based methods, comprising Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)/Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), are the most applied techniques of 3D printing for natural-polymer and fiber composites with a principal application in the medical and industrial domains. The future of natural polymers and fibers in 3D printing is becoming very promising despite uniform printability, interfacial adhesion, and mechanical property-related issues. Research in optimizing material composition, processing parameters, and post-processing techniques goes apace to attain the required properties, functionality, and performance. This review provides an outline to researchers and engineers working on 3D printing on the immense potential associated with biodegradable natural polymers and fibers for designing innovative, sustainable, and high-performance products in various applications that contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.
可生物降解的天然聚合物和纤维具有可持续发展、生物相容性和打印基质的独特性能，可用于不同的应用领域，因此可为三维打印带来革命性的变化。这篇综述文章介绍了纤维素、海藻酸盐、淀粉、胶原蛋白、丝绸、壳聚糖和明胶等天然聚合物作为打印成分的形式。此外，文章还介绍了大麻、黄麻、亚麻和竹子等各种天然纤维在 3D 打印中的独特特性和优势。源自大自然的增强材料注入聚乳酸、ABS 和 PP 等聚合物基质后，可提供更好的拉伸强度、模量和挠曲性能。以挤压为基础的方法，包括熔融沉积建模（FDM）/熔融长丝制造（FFF），是天然聚合物和纤维复合材料三维打印中应用最广泛的技术，主要应用于医疗和工业领域。尽管存在均匀打印性、界面粘附性和机械性能相关问题，但天然聚合物和纤维在三维打印中的应用前景非常广阔。为达到所需的特性、功能和性能，优化材料成分、加工参数和后处理技术的研究正在快速进行。本综述向从事三维打印的研究人员和工程师概述了与可生物降解天然聚合物和纤维相关的巨大潜力，以便在各种应用中设计创新、可持续和高性能的产品，从而为更环保、更可持续的未来做出贡献。
{"title":"Biodegradable natural polymers and fibers for 3D printing: A holistic perspective on processing, characterization, and advanced applications","authors":"M.A. Shadab Siddiqui , M.S. Rabbi , Radif Uddin Ahmed , Md. Maruf Billah","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biodegradable natural polymers and fibers could be suggested to revolutionize 3D printing as sustainable, biocompatible, and unique properties in the print matrix for different applications. This review article covers the natural polymers in the form of cellulose, alginate, starch, collagen, silk, chitosan, and gelatin as printing constituents. Furthermore, it includes various natural fibers such as hemp, jute, flax, and bamboo with unique characteristics and advantages in 3D printing. Reinforcements derived from nature have provided better tensile strength, moduli, and flexural properties when infused into polymer matrices, such as PLA, ABS, and PP. Extrusion-based methods, comprising Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)/Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF), are the most applied techniques of 3D printing for natural-polymer and fiber composites with a principal application in the medical and industrial domains. The future of natural polymers and fibers in 3D printing is becoming very promising despite uniform printability, interfacial adhesion, and mechanical property-related issues. Research in optimizing material composition, processing parameters, and post-processing techniques goes apace to attain the required properties, functionality, and performance. This review provides an outline to researchers and engineers working on 3D printing on the immense potential associated with biodegradable natural polymers and fibers for designing innovative, sustainable, and high-performance products in various applications that contribute to a greener and more sustainable future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142577944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-23DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100274
Mohamed Katish , Stephen Allen , Adam Squires , Veronica Ferrandiz-Mas
This study presents a novel and sustainable method for integrating octadecane phase change material (PCM) into traditional building materials like mortar and gypsum using vacuum-impregnated biochar. Optimising the impregnation conditions resulted in a PCM-biochar composite with 62.21 % PCM loading and a latent heat energy of approximately 116.7 J.g−1, as measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) confirmed the composite’s stability at high temperatures, while accelerated DSC validated its phase change capability and stability over 300 cycles. Characterisation via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Solid-State Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) verifies PCM retention within biochar pores and reveals interactions between PCM and biochar. Additionally, the non-pozzolanic nature of biochar is confirmed. Workability tests show reduced consistency with increased PCM-biochar content in mortar. At 40 % sand replacement rate with PCM-biochar, the compressive strength initially decreases by 45.50 % after 28 days, but it improves to 43 MPa after 120 days. Gypsum samples retain adequate strength for retrofitting applications (2 MPa), demonstrating the potential of PCM-biochar composites to enhance thermal energy storage in building materials, thereby supporting Net-zero building objectives.
{"title":"Experimental study of phase change material (PCM) biochar composite for net-zero built environment applications","authors":"Mohamed Katish , Stephen Allen , Adam Squires , Veronica Ferrandiz-Mas","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel and sustainable method for integrating octadecane phase change material (PCM) into traditional building materials like mortar and gypsum using vacuum-impregnated biochar. Optimising the impregnation conditions resulted in a PCM-biochar composite with 62.21 % PCM loading and a latent heat energy of approximately 116.7 J.g<sup>−1</sup>, as measured by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) confirmed the composite’s stability at high temperatures, while accelerated DSC validated its phase change capability and stability over 300 cycles. Characterisation via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Small-Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and Solid-State Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR) verifies PCM retention within biochar pores and reveals interactions between PCM and biochar. Additionally, the non-pozzolanic nature of biochar is confirmed. Workability tests show reduced consistency with increased PCM-biochar content in mortar. At 40 % sand replacement rate with PCM-biochar, the compressive strength initially decreases by 45.50 % after 28 days, but it improves to 43 MPa after 120 days. Gypsum samples retain adequate strength for retrofitting applications (2 MPa), demonstrating the potential of PCM-biochar composites to enhance thermal energy storage in building materials, thereby supporting Net-zero building objectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142534543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100273
Larissa Virgínia da Silva Ribas , Iran Gomes Rocha Segundo , Joaquim Carneiro , Elisabete Fraga de Freitas , Verônica Teixeira Franco Castelo Branco
Asphalt mixtures absorb high levels of solar light, increasing their internal temperatures and negatively affecting their behavior. In urban areas, this leads to the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, where extensive asphalt coverage raises microclimate temperatures. Integrating thermochromic properties into asphalt could provide a sustainable solution to mitigate UHI while maintaining the necessary mechanical performance. This research reviews the literature, scientific advances, gaps, and future perspectives on thermochromic (TCM) asphalt mixtures through bibliometric analysis and systematic review. The analysis highlights that thermochromic asphalt has recently gained significant scientific interest, with an increasing number of publications from 2013 to 2023. Notably, Hunan University in China has emerged as a leading contributor to thermochromic-related publications. The findings identify the wet method as a prevalent form of thermochromic functionalization, with 4–6% TCM content considered most suitable for thermal performance. Adding TiO2 improves optical characteristics due to its high reflectance in the Near-infrared solar spectrum. Studies using TCM binders typically show asphalt mixtures with better resistance to rutting and cracking, likely due to enhanced thermoregulation. The key knowledge gaps identified include the lack of consistent procedures across studies, the feasibility of scaling lab-based methods to field applications, and the need for experiments to assess their impact on road safety, surface characteristics, and the durability of thermochromic properties over the pavement’s service life. This review highlights the promise of TCM for urban heat management and emphasizes the importance of additional research to achieve the ideal balance between thermal and mechanical properties.
{"title":"Research trends on thermochromic asphalt mixtures functionalization: Bibliometric analysis and review","authors":"Larissa Virgínia da Silva Ribas , Iran Gomes Rocha Segundo , Joaquim Carneiro , Elisabete Fraga de Freitas , Verônica Teixeira Franco Castelo Branco","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100273","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Asphalt mixtures absorb high levels of solar light, increasing their internal temperatures and negatively affecting their behavior. In urban areas, this leads to the urban heat island (UHI) phenomenon, where extensive asphalt coverage raises microclimate temperatures. Integrating thermochromic properties into asphalt could provide a sustainable solution to mitigate UHI while maintaining the necessary mechanical performance. This research reviews the literature, scientific advances, gaps, and future perspectives on thermochromic (TCM) asphalt mixtures through bibliometric analysis and systematic review. The analysis highlights that thermochromic asphalt has recently gained significant scientific interest, with an increasing number of publications from 2013 to 2023. Notably, Hunan University in China has emerged as a leading contributor to thermochromic-related publications. The findings identify the wet method as a prevalent form of thermochromic functionalization, with 4–6% TCM content considered most suitable for thermal performance. Adding TiO<sub>2</sub> improves optical characteristics due to its high reflectance in the Near-infrared solar spectrum. Studies using TCM binders typically show asphalt mixtures with better resistance to rutting and cracking, likely due to enhanced thermoregulation. The key knowledge gaps identified include the lack of consistent procedures across studies, the feasibility of scaling lab-based methods to field applications, and the need for experiments to assess their impact on road safety, surface characteristics, and the durability of thermochromic properties over the pavement’s service life. This review highlights the promise of TCM for urban heat management and emphasizes the importance of additional research to achieve the ideal balance between thermal and mechanical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100272
Elen Abuowda, Hilal El-Hassan, Tamer El-Maaddawy
This study examines the combined effect of geopolymeric binder and recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) on the properties of concrete masonry units (CMU). A target 1-day compressive strength of at least 13.8 MPa was attained for all mixes to satisfy the load-bearing strength requirements. Geopolymer mixes made with RCA at replacement rates of up to 100 % were evaluated and compared to a cementitious control mix made with natural coarse aggregates. The environmental and economic impacts were then integrated with the quantity of waste valorized and compressive strength in a multifunctional performance index. Experimental results showed that the utilization of geopolymers as a substitute for Portland cement in the production of CMU did not impact the oven-dry density but reduced the water absorption capacity by up to 26 %. Although the incorporation of RCA negatively impacted these two properties, their values remained within the acceptable range stated by the standards. The geopolymer CMU mix made without RCA had 9 and 25 % lower 28-day compressive and splitting tensile strengths compared to the cement control mix, respectively. Subsequent RCA replacement further reduced these mechanical properties. While the linear drying shrinkage was reduced upon substituting the cementitious binder with the geopolymeric counterpart, RCA replacement of up to 100 % increased the linear drying shrinkage to reach 0.091 %, exceeding the limit set by the standard. Overall, the CMU mix made with geopolymer binder and 75–100 % RCA was found to be optimal for load-bearing applications.
{"title":"Synergistic impact of geopolymer binder and recycled coarse aggregates on the performance of concrete masonry units","authors":"Elen Abuowda, Hilal El-Hassan, Tamer El-Maaddawy","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines the combined effect of geopolymeric binder and recycled coarse aggregates (RCA) on the properties of concrete masonry units (CMU). A target 1-day compressive strength of at least 13.8 MPa was attained for all mixes to satisfy the load-bearing strength requirements. Geopolymer mixes made with RCA at replacement rates of up to 100 % were evaluated and compared to a cementitious control mix made with natural coarse aggregates. The environmental and economic impacts were then integrated with the quantity of waste valorized and compressive strength in a multifunctional performance index. Experimental results showed that the utilization of geopolymers as a substitute for Portland cement in the production of CMU did not impact the oven-dry density but reduced the water absorption capacity by up to 26 %. Although the incorporation of RCA negatively impacted these two properties, their values remained within the acceptable range stated by the standards. The geopolymer CMU mix made without RCA had 9 and 25 % lower 28-day compressive and splitting tensile strengths compared to the cement control mix, respectively. Subsequent RCA replacement further reduced these mechanical properties. While the linear drying shrinkage was reduced upon substituting the cementitious binder with the geopolymeric counterpart, RCA replacement of up to 100 % increased the linear drying shrinkage to reach 0.091 %, exceeding the limit set by the standard. Overall, the CMU mix made with geopolymer binder and 75–100 % RCA was found to be optimal for load-bearing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142444554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A cyclic economy and sustainability-driven production are key aspects of the industry. Recycled feedstocks are steadily replacing virgin materials to produce parts and as sustainable additives to develop eco-friendly composites. The reinforcing potential of recycled fine powder glass (FPG) on terephthalate glycol (PETG) is investigated. The performances of six different compounds (with FPG loadings of 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0 wt%) in filament and three-dimensional (3D) specimens form (manufactured with the material extrusion – MEX method) were compared with PETG pure. This research included thermal and rheological analyses, mechanical tests, and morphological and structural investigations. According to these findings, the PETG/RFPG 8.0 wt% composite presented remarkable results in the tensile and flexural (16.3 % and 16.9 % strength increase, respectively) tests, while PETG/RFPG 10.0 wt% had the greatest performance concerning microhardness. Both the dimensional deviation and porosity results show excellent performance in the case of PETG/RFPG 6.0 wt%, by being 67.3 % and 87.1 % improved vs. the PETG pure. These results indicate that RFPG is a promising reinforcement additive for MEX 3D printing that can replace the commonly used inorganic fillers and promote the sustainability of 3D printing.
{"title":"Valorization of recycled fine powder glass (RFPG) in additive manufacturing: Optimization of the RFPG content in polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG) and multi-response analysis","authors":"Markos Petousis , Nikolaos Michailidis , Václav Kulas , Vassilis Papadakis , Mariza Spiridaki , Nikolaos Mountakis , Apostolos Argyros , John Valsamos , Emmanouel Stratakis , Nectarios Vidakis","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A cyclic economy and sustainability-driven production are key aspects of the industry. Recycled feedstocks are steadily replacing virgin materials to produce parts and as sustainable additives to develop eco-friendly composites. The reinforcing potential of recycled fine powder glass (FPG) on terephthalate glycol (PETG) is investigated. The performances of six different compounds (with FPG loadings of 2.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0 wt%) in filament and three-dimensional (3D) specimens form (manufactured with the material extrusion – MEX method) were compared with PETG pure. This research included thermal and rheological analyses, mechanical tests, and morphological and structural investigations. According to these findings, the PETG/RFPG 8.0 wt% composite presented remarkable results in the tensile and flexural (16.3 % and 16.9 % strength increase, respectively) tests, while PETG/RFPG 10.0 wt% had the greatest performance concerning microhardness. Both the dimensional deviation and porosity results show excellent performance in the case of PETG/RFPG 6.0 wt%, by being 67.3 % and 87.1 % improved vs. the PETG pure. These results indicate that RFPG is a promising reinforcement additive for MEX 3D printing that can replace the commonly used inorganic fillers and promote the sustainability of 3D printing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"14 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142423218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Annually, a substantial volume of food waste is being released into the environment. Restaurant food waste (RFW) valorization using microwave-assisted hydrolysis (MAH) is a sustainable approach to produce fermentable sugars. However, RFW is composed of different foodstuffs with different physicochemical, nutritional, and degradation rates. This study explored the typological, chemical, and elemental analysis of RFW. Results revealed that the four main types of RFW were vegetable (33.2 %), meat (19.3 %), rice (15.2 %), and bread waste (11.0 %). The key parameters impacting the MAH of typologically sorted RFW were identified using the Plackett–Burman design (PBD). Then the central composite design (CCD) with 30 runs was used to increase reducing sugar content (RSC). The optimized condition was as follows: temperature 96.0 °C, microwave power 340 W, HCl concentration of 1.45 %, and microwave heating time 11.1 min. The derived hydrolysates were characterized for their biochemical and monosaccharide composition.
{"title":"Restaurant food waste valorization by microwave-assisted hydrolysis: Optimization, typological and biochemical analysis","authors":"Payam Torabi , Nasser Hamdami , Nafiseh Soltanizadeh , Omidvar Farhadian , Alain Le-Bail","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Annually, a substantial volume of food waste is being released into the environment. Restaurant food waste (RFW) valorization using microwave-assisted hydrolysis (MAH) is a sustainable approach to produce fermentable sugars. However, RFW is composed of different foodstuffs with different physicochemical, nutritional, and degradation rates. This study explored the typological, chemical, and elemental analysis of RFW. Results revealed that the four main types of RFW were vegetable (33.2 %), meat (19.3 %), rice (15.2 %), and bread waste (11.0 %). The key parameters impacting the MAH of typologically sorted RFW were identified using the Plackett–Burman design (PBD). Then the central composite design (CCD) with 30 runs was used to increase reducing sugar content (RSC). The optimized condition was as follows: temperature 96.0 °C, microwave power 340 W, HCl concentration of 1.45 %, and microwave heating time 11.1 min. The derived hydrolysates were characterized for their biochemical and monosaccharide composition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772397624000534/pdfft?md5=e8d56f3f57b3a04bb884d79c89147ead&pid=1-s2.0-S2772397624000534-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142117519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100270
Jayaprakash Saththasivam, Oluwaseun Ogunbiyi, Jenny Lawler, Zhaoyang Liu
Oil-contaminated water from oil and gas exploration remains the industry’s primary waste stream. The common method of using chemical coagulation/flocculation followed by air flotation has drawbacks such as generating non-biodegradable and toxic sludge and high operational costs. This study presents an eco-friendly alternative utilizing chitosan and beach sand to remove emulsified oil from water. Chitosan acts as a biodegradable flocculant, while beach sand aids in high-density floc formation and accelerates settling velocity. This approach achieved up to 94 % oil removal efficiency and reduced settling time from 90 to 15 min by using 100 mg/L chitosan and 500 mg/L beach sand with a particle size distribution of 50–100 μm. Shorter settling time reduces capital expenditure compared to conventional methods. Additionally, using natural materials like chitosan and beach sand minimizes toxic sludge generation. This eco-friendly approach offers a promising alternative to conventional methods for treating oily wastewater.
{"title":"An eco-friendly approach to separate emulsified oil from water using all natural materials of chitosan and beach sand","authors":"Jayaprakash Saththasivam, Oluwaseun Ogunbiyi, Jenny Lawler, Zhaoyang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Oil-contaminated water from oil and gas exploration remains the industry’s primary waste stream. The common method of using chemical coagulation/flocculation followed by air flotation has drawbacks such as generating non-biodegradable and toxic sludge and high operational costs. This study presents an eco-friendly alternative utilizing chitosan and beach sand to remove emulsified oil from water. Chitosan acts as a biodegradable flocculant, while beach sand aids in high-density floc formation and accelerates settling velocity. This approach achieved up to 94 % oil removal efficiency and reduced settling time from 90 to 15 min by using 100 mg/L chitosan and 500 mg/L beach sand with a particle size distribution of 50–100 μm. Shorter settling time reduces capital expenditure compared to conventional methods. Additionally, using natural materials like chitosan and beach sand minimizes toxic sludge generation. This eco-friendly approach offers a promising alternative to conventional methods for treating oily wastewater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100270"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772397624000546/pdfft?md5=b5a1467e74392384cd49e52b1e748904&pid=1-s2.0-S2772397624000546-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142136386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100260
Qilin Yang , Jiao Lin , Xiaowei Wang , Dawei Wang , Ning Xie , Xianming Shi
{"title":"Corrigendum to “A review of polymer-modified asphalt binder: Modification mechanisms and mechanical properties” [Clean Mater. 12 (2024) 100255]","authors":"Qilin Yang , Jiao Lin , Xiaowei Wang , Dawei Wang , Ning Xie , Xianming Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772397624000443/pdfft?md5=0ea1c83cb002936fe3e569310ce6261f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772397624000443-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141700002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-17DOI: 10.1016/j.clema.2024.100268
Alejandro Villegas-Fuentes , Laura Edith Castellano , Alfredo Rafael Vilchis-Nestor , Priscy Alfredo Luque
The growing need to obtain nanomaterials has resulted in a trend to avoid environmentally harmful methodologies involving chemicals that damage ecosystems and health by searching for natural reducers and stabilizers with zero polluting impact. In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized following an environmentally friendly synthesis methodology by using a natural extract of Bauhinia forficata that, thanks to its phytochemical composition rich in organic molecules such as polyphenols and flavonoids, allows the correct formation of nanoparticles by acting as stabilizers. The results of the characterizations show the proper formation of the nanoparticles and a direct relationship between the percentage used to obtain the nanoparticles and their properties. The results obtained from XRD show a hexagonal zincite shape and crystallite sizes in the range of 22.25–31.05 nm. The appearance of a signal at ∼400 cm−1 obtained from FTIR confirms the formation of the Zn-O- bond. Subsequently, the removal of different organic dyes from polluted water was analyzed using zinc oxide semiconductor nanoparticles as photocatalysts under ultraviolet light. The results show outstanding degradation of the dyes, being able to remove at least 98.0 %, 84.4 %, 94.64 %, 95.5 %, and 98.2 % for methylene blue, methyl orange, rhodamine-B, Congo red, and malachite green, respectively. Additionally, the antibacterial effect of the obtained materials against multiple pathogenic bacteria was studied. All the synthesized nanoparticle samples showed an antibacterial effect, even at low concentrations for all the analyzed pathogens. The results show the feasibility of using Bauhinia forficata to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles and its multiple applications due to its improved properties.
{"title":"Sustainable and environmentally friendly synthesis of ZnO semiconductor nanoparticles from Bauhinia forficata leaves extract and the study of their photocatalytic and antibacterial activity","authors":"Alejandro Villegas-Fuentes , Laura Edith Castellano , Alfredo Rafael Vilchis-Nestor , Priscy Alfredo Luque","doi":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clema.2024.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing need to obtain nanomaterials has resulted in a trend to avoid environmentally harmful methodologies involving chemicals that damage ecosystems and health by searching for natural reducers and stabilizers with zero polluting impact. In this research, zinc oxide nanoparticles were synthesized following an environmentally friendly synthesis methodology by using a natural extract of <em>Bauhinia forficata</em> that, thanks to its phytochemical composition rich in organic molecules such as polyphenols and flavonoids, allows the correct formation of nanoparticles by acting as stabilizers. The results of the characterizations show the proper formation of the nanoparticles and a direct relationship between the percentage used to obtain the nanoparticles and their properties. The results obtained from XRD show a hexagonal zincite shape and crystallite sizes in the range of 22.25–31.05 nm. The appearance of a signal at ∼400 cm<sup>−1</sup> obtained from FTIR confirms the formation of the Zn-O- bond. Subsequently, the removal of different organic dyes from polluted water was analyzed using zinc oxide semiconductor nanoparticles as photocatalysts under ultraviolet light. The results show outstanding degradation of the dyes, being able to remove at least 98.0 %, 84.4 %, 94.64 %, 95.5 %, and 98.2 % for methylene blue, methyl orange, rhodamine-B, Congo red, and malachite green, respectively. Additionally, the antibacterial effect of the obtained materials against multiple pathogenic bacteria was studied. All the synthesized nanoparticle samples showed an antibacterial effect, even at low concentrations for all the analyzed pathogens. The results show the feasibility of using <em>Bauhinia forficata</em> to obtain zinc oxide nanoparticles and its multiple applications due to its improved properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100254,"journal":{"name":"Cleaner Materials","volume":"13 ","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772397624000522/pdfft?md5=18418432c6c102dcd4b53ee6112a347f&pid=1-s2.0-S2772397624000522-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142058510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号