DeCarbon最新文献

英文中文

Eliminating active CO2 concentration in Carbon Capture and Storage (CCUS): Molten carbonate decarbonization through an insulation/diffusion membrane 消除碳捕集与封存（CCUS）中的活性二氧化碳浓度：熔融碳酸盐通过绝缘/扩散膜脱碳

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2025-01-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100094

Gad Licht , Ethan Peltier , Simon Gee , Stuart Licht

Present industrial decarbonization technologies require an active CO₂-concentration system, often based on lime reaction or amine binding reactions, which is energy intensive and carries a high CO₂-footprint. Here instead, an effective process without active CO₂ concentration is demonstrated in a new process-termed IC2CNT (Insulation-diffusion facilitated CO₂ to Carbon Nanomaterial Technology) decarbonization process. Molten carbonates such as Li₂CO₃ (mp 723 °C) are highly insoluble to industrial feed gas principal components (N₂, O₂, and H₂O). However, CO₂ can readily dissolve and react in molten carbonates. We have recently characterized high CO₂ diffusion rates through porous aluminosilicate and calcium-magnesium silicate thermal insulations. Here, the CO₂ in ambient feed gas passes through these membranes into molten Li₂CO₃. The membrane also concurrently insulates the feed gas from the hot molten carbonate chamber, obviating the need to heat the (non-CO₂) majority of the feed gas to high temperature. In this insulation facilitated decarbonization process CO₂ is split by electrolysis in the molten carbonate producing sequestered, high-purity carbon nanomaterials (such as CNTs) and O₂.

目前的工业脱碳技术需要一个活跃的二氧化碳浓缩系统，通常基于石灰反应或胺结合反应，这是能源密集型的，并且具有高的二氧化碳足迹。在这里，一种有效的无活性二氧化碳浓度的过程被证明是在一个新的过程中，称为IC2CNT（绝缘扩散促进二氧化碳到碳纳米材料技术）脱碳过程。熔融碳酸盐如Li2CO3 （mp 723°C）对工业原料气的主要成分（N2， O2和H2O）是高度不溶的。然而，二氧化碳很容易溶解并在熔融碳酸盐中发生反应。我们最近描述了通过多孔硅酸铝和硅酸钙镁绝热材料的高CO2扩散率。在这里，环境原料气中的二氧化碳通过这些膜进入熔融的Li2CO3。该膜还同时将原料气与热熔融碳酸盐腔隔离，避免了将（非二氧化碳）大部分原料气加热到高温的需要。在这种绝缘脱碳过程中，二氧化碳在熔融碳酸盐中通过电解分离，产生隔离的高纯度碳纳米材料（如碳纳米管）和O2。

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引用次数: 0

Exploring Ni-based alkaline OER catalysts: A comprehensive review of structures, performance, and in situ characterization methods 探索镍基碱性OER催化剂：结构、性能和原位表征方法的综合综述

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100097

Zhanhong Xiao , Xiaosheng Tang , Feng Gao , Junmin Xue , Xiaopeng Wang

Nickel-based catalysts have emerged as crucial components in alkaline oxygen evolution reactions (OER) due to their exceptional catalytic performance and unique structural properties. However, the understanding of their catalytic mechanisms remains incomplete. This review systematically explores the various types of Ni-based catalysts, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), perovskites, and layered double hydroxides (LDHs), while emphasizing their performance metrics. We critically assess the application of advanced in situ characterization techniques, such as in situ Raman spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), in elucidating the structural evolution and active species during the OER process. By addressing the interplay between catalyst structure and performance, this review aims to provide insights that drive future research efforts toward the optimization of Ni-based catalysts for sustainable hydrogen production. Key areas for potential research advancements are also identified.

镍基催化剂因其优异的催化性能和独特的结构特性而成为碱性析氧反应（OER）的重要组成部分。然而，对其催化机理的了解仍然不完整。本文系统地探讨了各种类型的镍基催化剂，包括金属有机骨架（MOFs）、钙钛矿和层状双氢氧化物（LDHs），同时强调了它们的性能指标。我们批判性地评估了先进的原位表征技术的应用，如原位拉曼光谱和x射线吸收光谱（XAS），在阐明OER过程中的结构演变和活性物质。通过研究催化剂结构和性能之间的相互作用，本综述旨在为推动未来的研究工作朝着优化镍基催化剂的可持续制氢方向发展提供见解。还确定了潜在研究进展的关键领域。

引用次数: 0

Evaluating the economic and carbon emission reduction potential of fuel cell electric vehicle-to-grid 评价燃料电池电动汽车并网的经济性和碳减排潜力

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2025-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100096

Daniel Ding, Xiao-Yu Wu

As part of the effort to achieve net zero, hydrogen will become significantly used in transportation and energy generation by 2050. Hydrogen is fit for long-haul vehicles because of the short refueling time and long range of using hydrogen as onboard storage instead of batteries. Meanwhile, hydrogen can also be used for long-time grid energy storage because of the low material cost and low self-discharge. By using fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) for energy generation, the fuel cells (FCs) in idle FCEVs can be connected to the grid (FCEV2G) and supply electricity to the grid by consuming hydrogen stored in a station. In this way, the hydrogen usage in the transportation and energy storage sectors can be synergically integrated. A mixed integer linear programming (MILP) model is established to simulate and evaluate the economic and environmental potential of the operation of a FCEV2G station. The station's profit and carbon emission reduction potential depend on the traffic and electricity profiles. It is estimated that a net profit of 233,976 USD can be generated and simultaneously 210 tonnes carbon emissions can be reduced, using the historic traffic and electricity data of Alberta. Furthermore, considering the Canadian carbon tax in the optimization increases the net profit and carbon reduction to 246,704 USD and 377 tonnes, respectively. Meanwhile, using electricity data with lower carbon intensity and less fluctuation, e.g., that in Ontario, significant technological improvements are needed to make the FCEV2G station operation economically viable. These results demonstrate the potential of FCEV2G in generating monetary incentives and environmental benefits by integrating the transportation and energy storage sectors.

作为实现净零排放努力的一部分，到2050年，氢将在交通和能源生产中得到大量使用。由于加氢时间短，使用氢代替电池作为车载存储，续航里程长，因此适用于长途车辆。同时，由于材料成本低、自放电小，氢也可用于长期电网储能。利用燃料电池电动汽车（fcev）发电，可以将闲置的燃料电池汽车（fcev）中的燃料电池（fc）连接到电网（FCEV2G），并通过消耗站内储存的氢气向电网供电。通过这种方式，氢在交通运输和能源储存领域的使用可以协同整合。建立了混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型，对FCEV2G站运行的经济和环境潜力进行了模拟和评价。该站的利润和碳减排潜力取决于交通和电力状况。根据艾伯塔省的历史交通和电力数据，预计可产生净利润233,976美元，同时减少210吨碳排放。此外，在优化中考虑加拿大的碳税，净利润和减碳量分别增加到246704美元和377吨。同时，使用碳强度较低、波动较小的电力数据，例如安大略省的数据，需要进行重大的技术改进，使FCEV2G站的运营在经济上可行。这些结果表明，通过整合运输和储能部门，fceev2g在产生货币激励和环境效益方面具有潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Halogen sites regulation in lead-free AgSb-based perovskites for efficient photocatalytic CO2 reduction 无铅agsb基钙钛矿中卤素位调控用于高效光催化CO2还原

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100095

Baofei Sun , Haowei Xu , Yanyi Huang , Daofu Wu , Heng Luo , Faguang Kuang , Hongmei Ran , Wei Chen , Liqin Gao , Xiaosheng Tang

Although the lead-free halide double perovskites (DPs) have shown great promise for the photocatalytic reduction of CO₂, the catalytic performance is still far from satisfactory. In this work, lead-free Cs₂AgSbX₆ (X = Cl, Br, I) DPs nanocrystals (NCs) are prepared by a modified ligand-assisted reprecipitation (LARP) approach at room temperature. The crystal surface, shape, and optoelectronic properties of the AgSb-based DPs are modified using halogen modulation technique. Moreover, a series of Cs₂AgSbX₆ perovskites NCs are utilized as efficient catalysts for the photocatalytic CO₂ reduction. Among them, the Cs₂AgSbBr₆ NCs demonstrate the optimal CO₂ photoreduction activity with CO and CH₄ evolutions of 366 and 49 μmol g⁻¹ respectively under 3h irradiation. Additionally, using the in-situ DRIFTS research, the surface reaction intermediates were precisely identified and dynamically tracked. This study suggests the potential of the lead-free halide DPs NCs as an important platform for the practical solar-to-fuel conversions.

虽然无铅卤化物双钙钛矿（DPs）在光催化还原CO2方面表现出了很大的前景，但其催化性能还远远不能令人满意。本文采用修饰的配体辅助再沉淀（LARP）方法在室温下制备了无铅Cs2AgSbX6 (X = Cl, Br， I) DPs纳米晶体（nc）。利用卤素调制技术对agsb基DPs的晶体表面、形状和光电性能进行了修饰。此外，还利用一系列Cs2AgSbX6钙钛矿NCs作为光催化CO2还原的有效催化剂。其中，Cs2AgSbBr6 NCs在照射3h时CO和CH4的析出量分别为366 μmol g−1和49 μmol g−1，具有最佳的CO2光还原活性。此外，利用原位DRIFTS研究，对表面反应中间体进行了精确识别和动态跟踪。这项研究表明，无铅卤化物DPs NCs作为实际太阳能到燃料转换的重要平台具有潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Contemporary evaluation of triboelectric nanogenerators as self-powered devices: A bibliometric analysis from 2012 to 2023 摩擦电纳米发电机作为自供电装置的当代评价：2012年至2023年的文献计量学分析

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100093

Natalia Vargas Perdomo , Minsoo P. Kim , Xia Li , Louis A. Cuccia

TriboElectric NanoGenerators (TENGs), introduced in 2012 by Wang et al., have revolutionized the way we harvest energy, converting mechanical energy into electrical power with remarkable efficiency. Since their inception, TENGs have unlocked innumerable applications, driving a surge in innovative research and development. This study utilizes the Scopus database to conduct a bibliographic analysis, highlighting the diverse applications, influential authors, and citation patterns that define the TENG landscape. Through the use of MATLAB and VOSviewer, we provide a visually compelling analysis that not only shows the integration of artificial intelligence in scientific literature but also explores the challenges and future potential of TENG technology. The document concludes by discussing TENGs challenges and the promising paths for their future applications.

摩擦电纳米发电机（TENGs）由Wang等人于2012年推出，它彻底改变了我们获取能量的方式，以惊人的效率将机械能转化为电能。自诞生以来，TENGs已经开启了无数的应用，推动了创新研发的浪潮。本研究利用Scopus数据库进行书目分析，突出了不同的应用、有影响力的作者和定义TENG景观的引用模式。通过使用MATLAB和VOSviewer，我们提供了一个视觉上引人注目的分析，不仅展示了人工智能在科学文献中的整合，还探讨了TENG技术的挑战和未来潜力。该文件最后讨论了TENGs面临的挑战及其未来应用的前景。

引用次数: 0

Reducing the impact of dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles on the grid through renewable power integration 通过可再生能源并网，减少电动汽车动态无线充电对电网的影响

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2024-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100092

K. Qiu, H. Ribberink, E. Entchev

Electrification of roadways using dynamic wireless charging (DWC) technology can provide an effective solution to range anxiety, high battery costs and long charging times of electric vehicles (EVs). With DWC systems installed on roadways, they constitute a charging infrastructure or electrified roads (eRoads) that have many advantages. For instance, the large battery size of heavy-duty EVs can significantly be downsized due to charging-while-driving. However, a high power demand of the DWC system, especially during traffic rush periods, could lead to voltage instability in the grid and undesirable power demand curves. In this paper, a model for the power demand is developed to predict the DWC system's power demand at various levels of EV penetration rate. The DWC power demand profile in the chosen 550 km section of a major highway in Canada is simulated. Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are integrated with the DWC, and the integrated system is optimized to mitigate the peak power demand on the electrical grid. With solar panels of 55,000 kW rated capacity installed along roadsides in the study region, the peak power demand on the electrical grid is reduced from 167.5 to 136.1 MW or by 18.7 % at an EV penetration rate of 30 % under monthly average daily solar radiation in July. It is evidenced that solar PV power has effectively smoothed the peak power demand on the grid. Moreover, the locally generated renewable power could help ease off expensive grid upgrades and expansions for the eRoad. Also, the economic feasibility of the solar PV integrated DWC system is assessed using cost analysis metrics.

采用动态无线充电（DWC）技术实现道路电气化，可以有效解决电动汽车里程焦虑、电池成本高、充电时间长等问题。在道路上安装DWC系统，它们构成了充电基础设施或电气化道路，具有许多优势。例如，重型电动汽车的大电池尺寸可以大大缩小，因为可以在驾驶时充电。然而，DWC系统的高功率需求，特别是在交通高峰期，可能导致电网电压不稳定和不理想的电力需求曲线。本文建立了一个电力需求模型，用于预测不同电动汽车普及率下DWC系统的电力需求。对加拿大某主要公路550公里路段的DWC电力需求曲线进行了模拟。太阳能光伏（PV）板与DWC集成，并且集成系统经过优化以减轻电网的峰值电力需求。在研究区域的路边安装了55,000千瓦额定容量的太阳能电池板，在7月份的月平均日太阳辐射下，电动汽车普及率为30%，电网的峰值电力需求从167.5兆瓦减少到136.1兆瓦，减少18.7%。事实证明，太阳能光伏发电有效地平滑了电网的峰值电力需求。此外，当地生产的可再生能源可以帮助减轻昂贵的电网升级和公路扩建。此外，利用成本分析指标对太阳能光伏集成DWC系统的经济可行性进行了评估。

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引用次数: 0

Atomically dispersed metal site materials for hydrogen energy utilization: Theoretical and experimental study in fuel cells and water electrolysis 氢能利用的原子分散金属场地材料：燃料电池和水电解的理论和实验研究

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100091

Xinxing Zhan , Xin Tong , Hao Ye , Zijian Gao , Juan Tian , Jinliang Zhuang , Gaixia Zhang , Shuhui Sun

Atomically dispersed metal site (ADMS) materials have emerged as a promising class of materials for electrocatalysis reactions in the field of energy conversion. Characterized by individual metal atoms dispersed on suitable supports, ADMS materials provide unique catalytic sites with highly tunable electronic structures. This review summarizes recent advancements in the field, with a focus on the critical roles of support materials, coordination environments, and the mechanisms underlying catalytic activity at the atomic level. First, commonly used density functional theory (DFT) simulations are reviewed, emphasizing their pivotal role in elucidating reaction mechanisms and predicting the behavior of ADMS in electrochemical reactions for hydrogen energy utilization. Then, advancements in ADMS for half-cell electrochemical reactions, including oxygen evolution reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, and oxygen reduction reaction, as well as their applications in fuel cells and water splitting, are summarized. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of ADMS are discussed. This review underscores the transformative potential of ADMS in electrocatalysis, paving the way for innovative and sustainable energy conversion technologies.

原子分散金属位（ADMS）材料在能量转化电催化反应领域已成为一类很有前途的材料。ADMS材料的特点是单个金属原子分散在合适的载体上，提供了具有高度可调电子结构的独特催化位点。本文综述了该领域的最新进展，重点介绍了支持材料的关键作用、配位环境以及原子水平上催化活性的机制。首先，综述了常用的密度泛函理论（DFT）模拟，强调了它们在阐明反应机理和预测ADMS在氢能利用电化学反应中的行为方面的关键作用。综述了ADMS在半电池电化学反应中的研究进展，包括析氧反应、析氢反应和氧还原反应，以及ADMS在燃料电池和水分解中的应用。最后，讨论了ADMS面临的挑战和未来的发展前景。这篇综述强调了ADMS在电催化方面的变革潜力，为创新和可持续的能源转换技术铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Editor's note to “A review of efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction at large current density” [DeCarbon 5 (2024) 100062] 编者注：“大电流密度下析氧反应的高效电催化剂综述”[DeCarbon 5 (2024) 100062]

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100080

Youtao Yao , Jiahui Lyu , Xingchuan Li , Cheng Chen , Francis Verpoort , John Wang , Zhenghui Pan , Zongkui Kou

引用次数: 0

Editor's note to “3D-printed biomimetic structures for energy and environmental applications” [DeCarbon 3 (2024) 100026] “用于能源和环境应用的3d打印仿生结构”编者注[DeCarbon 3 (2024) 100026]

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100083

Jiaming Li , Mengli Li , J. Justin Koh , John Wang , Zhiyang Lyu

引用次数: 0

Editor's note to “A comprehensive review of the applications of machine learning for HVAC” [DeCarbon 2 (2024) 100023] 编者对“机器学习在暖通空调中的应用的全面回顾”的注释[DeCarbon 2 (2024) 100023]

DeCarbon

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.decarb.2024.100079

S.L. Zhou, A.A. Shah, P.K. Leung, X. Zhu, Q. Liao

引用次数: 0

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