Dentistry Review最新文献

Purpose

The large variety in materials makes it difficult for dentists to select the right material for appropriate retention of single crowns on implants. An assessment of the retentive force and influencing parameters is lacking. The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of the retention values of resin-based luting materials of single tooth crowns on implants. Influencing factors, such as the abutment geometry, different pretreatment options, or the application of resin-based systems, are taken into account.

Methods

A Pubmed-Medline library search was conducted, supported by manual searching, to collect available studies between the years 2005 to 2020. The following MeSH terms were used: “dental AND implant AND crown AND cementation AND retention”, as well as other combinations to identify as many studies as possible.

Results

After setting the filters and deleting the duplicates, 269 studies were identified. Finally, 23 studies were considered eligible for this review. Resin-based adhesive luting materials in combination with a primer showed the highest retention values. The retention is significantly influenced by a small cement gap, high loading during cementation, and pretreatment of the abutment. A low bias risk was shown for all included studies.

Conclusions

The large number of available resin-based luting materials offer dentists the possibility to influence the individual retention of single-tooth crowns on implants. According to the present study, retentive strength can be clinically influenced not only by the choice of luting material. A pretreatment using sandblasting and an appropriate primer influences retention positively. Exerting pressure on the restoration after cementation also leads to increased retention. However, clinical studies would be desirable for the future to further investigate the results of this review.

Objectives

To provide a comprehensive review of the available literature on the subject of tooth whitening and to provide a snapshot of where we as a dental profession are regarding this topic today. To provide a detailed account of the different tooth whitening procedures, their specific indications, success rates and potential side effects.

Data

Data was obtained using the following keywords: tooth whitening, tooth bleaching, color, adverse effects, pediatric dentistry, enamel hardness, restorative materials, whitening pH, whitening concentration, success rates.

Sources

A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus databases. A separate search was made on a Google Search Engine. The references from the reviewed material were used to locate other relevant publications.

Study Selection

A total of 158 articles were included in this review after reviewing the literature that resulted from the initial search.

Conclusion

Tooth whitening procedures have proven to be a conservative and viable option for improving dental esthetics.

Clinical Significance

With the increasing need for esthetic treatment among dental patients, it is important for dentists to have a good understanding of tooth whitening procedures, their specific indications, potential adverse effects, and limitations. These procedures are a minimally invasive way to improve dental esthetics significantly.

The severely atrophic maxilla can present with some challenges during treatment planning with communication between those performing the surgical and prosthetic aspects of the treatment as well as communication with the patient as to what is being suggested for treatment. This article will review the decision making process to simplify the communication and understanding of treating the severely atrophic maxilla and based on the Bedrossian classification gives a guideline for the surgical approach to be adapted based on the patient residual anatomy.

Objective

To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of hyaluronic acid (HA) application alone and in combination with other therapies for the surgical treatment of periodontal intrabony defects.

Material and methods

This review was designed in accordance with the PRISMA (preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement based on the proposed focused question. A literature review with no restrictions regarding the status or language of publication was performed until June 2022. Randomised clinical trials, controlled clinical trials, case series, and case reports were considered eligible for inclusion. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess the methodology of the included studies. The use of HA was divided into four categories depending on whether it was a) applied alone, b) in combination with barriers, c) in combination with growth factors, or d) in combination with bone grafts.

Results

Nine studies were included in the analysis. Some of the studies presented variable heterogeneity and a high risk of bias. Every group resulted in a statistically significant improvement in clinical attachment level (CAL) and probing pocket depth after 6–12 months of follow-up. Three studies showed significant results for bone defect filling on using HA.

Conclusion

The application of HA can provide moderate and beneficial clinical and radiographic results for the surgical treatment of periodontal regeneration. The heterogeneity and high risk of bias of the included studies reveal the need to perform randomised clinical trials with an appropriate methodological design to evaluate the effect of HA in periodontal regeneration.

Objective

This study aims to consolidate the emerging data regarding the pathophysiology and clinical features of odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (ODMS).

Methods

A search of existing English literature was performed on Pubmed, and Scopus databases using the following keywords: “odontogenic sinusitis” and “maxillary sinusitis of dental origin”. A total of 56 articles were included in this study.

Results

Endodontic and periodontal infections are one of the most frequently mentioned causes of ODMS in the literature. However, newer studies suggest iatrogenic causes as the leading cause. Microbiological studies reveal that the most common anaerobic isolates are Peptostreptococcus spp, Fusobacterium spp, pigmented Prevotella, and Porphyromonas spp. Histological findings of the maxillary sinus mucosa demonstrate numerous papillary-like folds in the surface of the epithelium with an increased expression of TJ protein claudin-4, round cell infiltration, fibrosis, cystic degeneration, and mucosal hyperplasia. The most common symptoms are: unilateral purulent rhinorrhoea and foul smell/ taste. Patients may also have post nasal drip, nasal congestion, cheek pain, purulent discharge in the oral cavity and dental pain.

Conclusion

Our study comprehensively reviews the pathophysiology and clinical features of ODMS to provide a more holistic understanding of this condition, facilitating the early diagnosis and management of ODMS patients.

Full-arch implant prostheses of various types and materials have become a popular treatment modality for edentulous arches. Studies have found that the prevalence of prosthetic complication is higher than biological complication with these restorations. Occlusion may be one of the contributing factors for prosthetic complications in full-arch implant supported prostheses. However, available literature regarding the occlusal scheme of full-arch implant prostheses is often insufficient or unclear. Often the articles do not give details regarding the material type or the opposing dentition. The occlusal scheme should not only provide the patient with function and comfort, but also minimize the risk of various prosthetic complications. Metal-acrylic and all-ceramic are popular material options for full-arch implant supported prostheses. The proposed guideline will suggest occlusal considerations based on material type (metal-acrylic or all-ceramic) as well as the opposing dentition (natural or prosthetic dentition) in order to minimize prosthetic complications. Five possible scenarios are presented: 1) Metal-Acrylic vs. Metal-Acrylic 2) Metal-Acrylic vs. Natural Dentition 3) All-Ceramic (Zirconia) vs. All-Ceramic (Zirconia) 4) All-Ceramic (Zirconia) vs. Metal-Acrylic 5) All-Ceramic vs. Natural Dentition. The guidelines are based on compilation of available occlusal concepts from natural teeth and implant prosthetics.

Objectives

The challenge for general dental practitioners to provide maxillary implant overdenture treatment for their patients is complicated by multiple, diverse parameters, compared to mandibular implant overdentures. This topic review on maxillary implant overdentures takes into consideration the specifications and challenges of different prosthodontic treatment options for clinicians in 2022.

Data sources

A broad search of the published literature was performed using MEDLINE and PubMed to identify pertinent articles published in English from 1990 to 2021. From an original total of 1176 titles, 106 references were selected. They were reviewed and categorized with respect to seven factors related to the prosthodontic design. These were interarch restorative space, implant number, implant distribution and spread, overdenture base reinforcement, palatal coverage, selection of attachment system and splinted/unsplinted prosthodontic designs. They influence clinical and patient outcomes in terms of implant and prosthesis success, support, retention, prosthodontic maintenance and satisfaction.

Conclusion

Maxillary implant overdentures are a reliable treatment option for general dental practitioners, once competent with mandibular overdentures. The decision for adequate treatment for each individual patient is influenced by a diversity of parameters with clinicians needing to have a thorough knowledge and understanding of the anatomic obstacles, facial aesthetics, phonetics, and complete denture principles for essential pre-surgical and prosthodontic treatment planning. Currently there is no optimal number of implants, nor preferred attachment system, regardless of palatal coverage design. There are emerging trends of more evidence for use of reduced number of unsplinted implants simplifying procedures for general dental practice.

Guided tissue regeneration techniques have been available in dentistry for decades. Primarily used for periodontal surgery and implant placement, their usefulness in periapical surgery has been getting increased attention. From the currently available evidence, guided tissue regeneration can improve patient outcomes. As a result, this technique might become more common in the future. Therefore, this review outlines the main uses of guided tissue regeneration and provides a brief summary of evidence surrounding it, with particular focus on periapical surgery.

Objectives

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies was to identify the differences in oral health status between inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) and healthy patients.

Data

Only case-control studies were included in this review. The risk of bias was assessed using the NOS tool. The random-effects meta-analysis was performed for DMFT and Oral Health Index outcomes.

Sources

Online databases were searched to identify studies reporting a comparison between IBDs oral health conditions (DMFT, Oral Health Index) and healthy patients.

Study selection

Eight case-control studies were included. The majority of the included studies presented a high degree of methodological quality, while one presented a high risk of bias. A meta-analysis regarding the mean DMFT between IBDs and healthy patients reported that children and teenagers (p = 0.52; I² = 73%) or adult patients (p = 0.96, I²= 0) did not present statistically significant differences compared to control groups. The overall DMFT mean difference between IBDs and healthy patients was -0.18 (p = 0.64, I²=0).

Conclusions

There are no differences considering the caries experience of inherited bleeding disorders compared to healthy patients.

Clinical significance

The available evidence indicates that patients with inherited bleeding disorders present similar caries experience with healthy subjects.