中国热带医学最新文献

{"title":"Epidemiological analysis of imported malaria in Fujian, 2015-2019","authors":"Ouyang Rong, Zhang Shang-ying, Chen Zhu-yun, Xiao Li-zhen, Li Yao-ying, Xie Hanguo","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2021.01.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2021.01.03","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze the monitoring data, and explore the epidemic characteristics of imported malaria in Fujian Province from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide a scientific basis for the monitoring work after elimination of malaria. Methods The epidemiological data on malaria cases in Fujian Province, 2015-2019 were collected. The epidemic situation, the distribution of cases in different regions, age, gender and season, malaria diagnosis and treatment were analyzed by Microsoft Excel 2007 software. Results A total of 562 cases of malaria were reported in Fujian Province, 2015-2019. All cases were imported from overseas, mainly from African (516 case, 91.81%). All cases were confirmed in reference laboratories, comprising 428 (76.16%) falciparum malaria cases, 72 (12.81%) vivax malaria cases, 39 (6.94%) ovale malaria cases, 19 (3.38%) quartan malaria cases and 4 (0.71%) mixed infection cases. The median time, which was from onset to see a doctor and from seeing the doctor to diagnosis, was 1 day and 0 day, respectively. The cases of definitive diagnosis were 426 at initial diagnosis (75.80%), the prefecture level hospital was the preferred selection for patients to visit after onset of the disease (350 cases, 62.28%). By report area, most cases were mainly distribution in Gulou district (421 cases, 74.91%), Fuzhou city, and by the present address, 174 cases (30.96%) were distributed in Fuqing country, Fuzhou city. Most malaria cases (527, 93.77%) were young men, whose age from 20 to 49. The malaria cases were reported in each month across the year, the most cases were 66 and 63 in January and February, accounting for 11.74% (66/562) and 11.21% (63/562) of the total cases, respectively. 5 deaths were reported in Fujian Province, 2015-2019. Conclusions Imported malaria cases were still existed after elimination of malaria, the diagnosis and treatment capacity of medical institutions should be further strengthened in the future, so as to consolidate achievements in malaria eradication. 摘要:目的 分析2015—2019年福建省输人性疟疾监测数据,探讨福建省消除疟疾阶段疟疾流行特点,为福建省 消除疟疾后监测工作提供科学依据。 方法 收集2015—2019年福建省疟疾疫情数据资料,应用Microsoft Excel 2007软 件对疫情概况、三间分布及诊治情况进行描述性统计分析。 结果 福建省2015—2019年共报告输人性疟疾病例562 例,均为境外输人,其中516例（91.81%)来自非洲；562例均为确诊病例,其中恶性疟428例（76.16%)、间日疟72例 (12.81%)、卵形疟39例(6.94%)、三日疟19例（3.38%)、混合感染4例(0.71%)。报告病例中发病到就诊的中位时间为 1 d,从就诊到确诊的中位时间为0d;首诊确诊的426例（75.80%),首诊单位以地市级医疗机构为主,为350例（占 62.28%)。按报告地分,病例主要分布在福州市鼓楼区,为421例,占74.91 % ;按现住址分,病例主要分布于福州市福清 市,174例,占30.96%。病例以青壮年男性(20~49岁）为主,527例,占93.77% ;各月份均有病例分布,累计报告病例数 较多的是1、2月份,分别为66例和63例,占总病例数的11.74%(66/562)和11.21%(63/562)。2015—2019年全省共报告 死亡病例5例。 结论 消除疟疾后输人性疟疾病例依然存在,今后应进一步提髙医疗机构的诊治能力,巩固消除疟疾 成果。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"113 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79443272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of imported malaria cases in Wuhan, 2016–2019","authors":"Liu Hua-dong, Pan Shu, X. Dan, Long Ke-jiao, Fu Chong, Zheng Han-dan, Yu Shu-Kun, Luo Dan, Wen Dan-ning","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2021.01.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2021.01.09","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of imported malaria in Wuhan, and we provide reference for epidemic prevention and control. Methods The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 85 imported malaria patients in Wuhan from 2016 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. Results From 2016 to 2019, all the 85 malaria cases reported were imported from abroad, including 3 foreign patients, 82 Chinese nationals, 68 cases of falciparum malaria (80.00%), 12 cases of vivax malaria (14.12%), 4 cases of ovale malaria (4.71%) and 1 case of malariae malaria (1.18%), and 0 cases of mixed infection. Imported malaria cases were reported from January to December. There was an obvious concentration trend in May, and a small peak in January and August. Imported malaria cases were mainly male young and middle-aged people, 79 cases (92.94%) from Africa and 6 cases (7.06%) from Asia. The patients were generally treated within 4 days after the onset of the disease. And 63.53% of the patients had a history of malaria, and had fever symptoms. Some of them were combined with chills, headache and disturbance of consciousness. And 83.53% were mild cases, 92.86% of severe cases were falciparum. Many patients were with anemia, and platelet, albumin decreased, combined with liver function, kidney function and other organ damage. Artemisinin and its derivatives were used to standardize the antimalarial treatment, and no deaths occurred. Conclusion The pressure of imported malaria in Wuhan is persistent. We should strengthen the monitoring and management of the working population and maintain an efficient malaria monitoring system. Standardized anti malaria and comprehensive treatment should be adopted for imported cases, and the prognosis is good. 摘要:目的 了解武汉市输人性疟疾的流行病学和临床特征,为疫情防控提供参考。 方法 对2016—2019年武 汉市85例输人性疟疾患者的流行病学和临床特征进行回顾性分析。 结果 2016—2019年报告的85例疟疾病例全为 境外输人病例,外籍患者3例,中国籍82例,恶性疟68例(80.00%),间日疟12例（14.12%),卵形疟4例(4.71%),三日疟 1例（1.18%),混合感染0例。1—12月都有输人性疟疾病例报告,5月份出现明显集中趋势,1、8月份存在小高峰。输人 性疟疾病例以青壮年男性为主,来源于非洲国家79例(92.94%),亚洲国家6例(7.06%)。患者一般在发病后4 d内就 诊,63.53%患者既往有疟疾病史,均有发热症状,部分合并寒战、头痛及意识障碍。83.53%为轻症病例,重症病例中恶 性疟占92.86%。不少患者出现贫血,血小板、白蛋白降低,合并肝功能、肾功能等多器官损害。采用青蒿素及衍生物规 范抗疟治疗,无死亡病例。 结论 武汉市面临的境外输人性疟疾压力持续存在,应加强对出国务工人员的监测和管 理,保持高效的疟疾监测体系;对于输人性病例采用规范的抗疟原虫及综合治疗手段,预后良好。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74734536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Shanglin county of Guangxi, 2010-2019","authors":"Qin Jian, Ma An-xiang, Chen Jian-feng, Liang Jie-xin, Lin Kang-ming","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2021.01.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2021.01.04","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To analyze the imported malaria epidemic characteristics in Shanglin county, from 2010 to 2019, we provide reference basis for the formulation of prevention and control strategies. Methods The data of imported malaria were collected in Shanglin County, Guangxi, from 2010 to 2019, and descriptive analysis on the epidemical distribution of imported malaria case survey date, species, source of infection, three-dimensional distribution were conducted. Results A total of 2 319 cases of malaria were reported in Shanglin County, Guangxi, from 2010 to 2019, all of which were imported from abroad, with the largest number of cases detected in 2013 (1 052 cases, 45.4%). It included 1 774 cases (76.5%) with falciparum malaria, 112 cases (4.8%) with vivax malaria, 372 cases (16.0%) with ovale malaria, 26 cases (1.1%) with quartan malaria, and 35 cases(1.5%) with mixed infections. Most malaria cases were young men, and 2 286 cases (98.6%) were male, the ratio of males to females was 69: 1; while 2 205 cases (95.1%) were at ages of 20 to 55 years. Gold mining was the predominant occupation (2 314 cases, 99.8%), the malaria cases were reported in each month across the year, with the largest number of cases detected in June (608 cases, 26.2%), followed by July (405 cases, 17.5%); The cases were distributed in 11 towns, with the largest number of cases detected in Mingliang town (870 cases, 37.5%), followed by Dafeng town (544 cases, 23.5%), and Xiangxian town (496 cases, 21.4%). The malaria cases were originated from 16 countries in Africa (2 293 cases, 98.9%), 3 countries in Southeast Asia (26 cases, 1.1%). The main species were falciparum malaria (1 766 cases, 77.0%) in Africa, and most malaria cases were from Ghana (1 761 cases, 76.8%); the main species were vivax malaria (14 cases, 53.8%) in Southeast Asia, most malaria cases were from Indonesia (53.8%). Conclusions The situation of prevention and control of imported malaria abroad is very serious in Shanglin county, strengthening the surveillance and management of migrant labors is the key to consolidate the achievements of malaria elimination. 摘要:目的 分析广西上林县2010—2019年输人性疟疾的流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。 方法 收 集广西上林县2010—2019年输人性疟疾疫情数据,对疟疾病例个案流行病学调査资料进行描述性分析。 结果 2010 一2019年上林县共报告疟疾病例2 319例,均为境外输人性病例,2013年病例数最多,为1 052例（占45.4%)。其中恶 性疟1 774例（占76.5%),间日疟112例（占4.8%),卵形疟372例（占16.0%),三日疟26例（占1.1%),混合感染35例（占 1.5%)；病例以青壮年为主,男性为2 286例（占98.6%),男女比例为69:1 ;病例以22~55岁年龄组最多,共2 205例（占 95.1%);职业以淘金为主,共2 314例（占99.8%);病例全年均有报告,其中6月份病例最多,为608例（占26.2%),其次 为7月份,为405例（占17.5%);病例分布于11个乡镇,其中明亮镇最多,为870例（占37.5%),其次为大丰镇544例（占 23.5%)巷贤镇496例（占21.4%);感染来自非洲16个国家和东南亚3个国家,来自非洲感染共2 293例（占98.9%)虫 种以恶性疟为主,为1 766例（占77.0%),其中加纳感染病例最多,为1 761例（占76.8%);来自东南亚感染共26例（占 1.1%),虫种以间日疟为主,为14例（占53.8%)其中印度尼西亚感染病例最多,为14例（占53.8%)。 结论 上林县境 外输人性疟疾防控形势十分严峻,进一步加强出国务工人员的疟疾监测和管理是巩固消除疟疾成果的关键。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83457409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in in vitro culture of Blastocystis hominis","authors":"W. Pei, Zhang Fuqiang, He Bo, Mei Xuefang, Z. Zhenchao, L. Xiangrui, W. Shuai","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.19","url":null,"abstract":"Blastocystis hominis , a protozoan parasite commonly found in the gut of humans and animals, is closely related to a variety of gastrointestinal diseases, such as abdominal pain, diarrhea and intestinal mucosal damage. B. hominis is distributed all over the world. The in vitro culture of B. hominis is of great significance for the clinical diagnosis of B. hominis infection and the establishment of B. hominis animal model, the study of genotype and pathogenic mechanism and so on. The selection of efficient and economical culture medium lays the foundation for the follow-up study of B. hominis life cycle, morphological classification, infection immunity and so on. The state, type, serum concentration of culture medium and culture conditions are important factors affecting the culture of B. hominis in vitro . This review summarizes the research progress of B. hominis culture in vitro and the culture conditions suitable for rapid growth and propagation of B. hominis under different physical conditions, expounds the differences between different media and the factors affecting the culture of B. hominis in vitro , in order to provide reference for clinical and scientific researchers to select suitable culture medium and culture conditions. 摘要： 人芽囊原虫( Blastocystis hominis )呈世界性分布,是一种常见的人和动物肠道内寄生原虫,与多种胃肠道疾病 (如腹痛、腹泻、肠黏膜损伤)密切相关。体外培养人芽囊原虫对于临床诊断人芽囊原虫感染、建立人芽囊原虫动物模 型、进行基因型和致病机制等研究具有重要意义;选择髙效经济的培养基为人芽囊原虫的生活史、形态分类、感染免疫 等后续研究奠定基础。培养基的状态、种类、血清浓度和培养条件等是影响人芽囊原虫体外培养的重要因素。本综述 总结了人芽囊原虫体外培养的研究进展及不同物理状态下适合人芽囊原虫快速生长繁殖的培养条件,阐述了不同培 养基之间的差异及影响人芽囊原虫体外培养的因素,旨在为临床和科研工作者选择合适的培养基及培养条件提供 参考。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87366859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nucleic acid detection results analysis in different COVID-19 samples","authors":"Jiang Lili, Pan Xianmin, Li Ying, Longhua Hu, Wang Ning, Liang Liwei, Liu Zhibing, Huang Yang, Guo Xin, W. Yanwen, Liang Jianjun","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.16","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the results and influencing factors of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection among specimens in different types and stages of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) progression. Methods The samples of deep-tussive sputum, pharyngeal swab, stool and conjunctival swab were collected among the suspected cases and close contacts of COVID-19 in Guilin. The SARS-CoV-2 RNAs were detected using double fluorescence real-time RT-PCR. The epidemiology, clinical diagnosis and laboratory data were collected to analyze the factors of improving the sensitivity of nucleic acid detection. Results A total of 654 samples were collected among 537 suspected cases and close contacts, including 569 deep-tussive sputum, 26 pharyngeal swabs, 28 stool and 31 conjunctival swabs. Thirty-two SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive cases were found, with a nucleic acid positive rate of 6.00% (32/537). The median days (range) of the first nucleic acid positive deep-tussive sputum sampling time from onset day of illness were 0-23 days. The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive rate of deep-tussive sputum was significantly higher than that of pharyngeal swabs ( P =0.000). The SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive number of stool and conjunctival swabs were 19 cases and 5 cases, respectively, which their sampling time were the average 7 days later than that of the first sampling deep-tussive sputum with SARS-CoV-2 positive. Among the 32 confirmed cases of COVID-19, there were 28 cases collected a single sample of deep-tussive sputum with SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive, which samples of 6 cases, 6 cases, 3 cases, 4 cases and 9 cases were collected on the first day, 2nd day, 3rd day, 4th day, 5th day and above, respectively. In 4 cases, samples of deep-tussive sputum should be collected twice or more before nucleic acid positive results. Before sampling, one case had a history of fever and treatment. As a close contact, two samples of deep-tussive sputum were collected on the 21st day and 23rd day from onset day of illness, with SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid negative and positive, respectively. Conclusions The deep-tussive sputum is better than pharyngeal swab in the detection of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid, and the SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid positive can also be detected by stool and conjunctival swab. The sampling type, sampling time and treatment history are the influencing factors of the sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid detection. So as not to miss detection, suspected cases or close contacts should be isolated observation and multiple sampling detection. 摘要：目的 了解不同类型和疾病进展阶段新型冠状病毒肺炎(coronavirus disease 2019,COVID-19)病例的标本新 型冠状病毒(SARS-CoV-2)核酸检测结果及影响因素。 方法 对桂林市新型冠状病毒肺炎疑似病例及密切接触者分 别采集深咳痰液、咽拭子、粪便及眼结膜拭子,采用双重实时荧光RT-PCR方法进行SARS-CoV-2核酸检测,收集流行 病学、临床实验室及辅助诊断等资料,分析提髙核酸检测敏感性的因素。 结果 共采集537例COVID-19疑似病例及 密切接触者标本654份,其中,深咳痰液569份,咽拭子26份,粪便28份,眼结膜拭子31份。SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性32 例,核酸阳性检出率6.00%(32/537);首次核酸阳性的深咳痰液的采样时间与发病时间的间隔天数0〜23 d。在2种样本 检测比较中,深咳痰液中SARS-CoV-2核酸阳性检出率明显髙于咽拭子标本的检出率( P =0.000)。粪便和眼结膜拭子 中SARS-","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90657391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report and discussion of Lichen myxedematosus","authors":"Li Yuan, Y. Xian-xu, N. Mu","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.24","url":null,"abstract":"A case of myxedematous lichen is reported. A 60 years old male presented with pigmentation and pruritus for 2 years, and aggravated for 1 month. He was admitted to Hainan Fifth People's Hospital on March 6, 2019. Two years ago, there was no obvious inducement for the patient to have plaque on his face, which gradually increased, hardened and appeared dark brown pigmentation. With the gradual development of the disease, trunk skin appeared rough, hypertrophy, hardening and pigmentation, hand joints appeared stiff and affected activity. Special examination showed diffuse yellowish brown patches and plaques on the forehead, which were distributed in a grid shape, and scattered with atrophic hypopigmentation spots. Black and brown patches were scattered on the back, partially fused into pieces. Sclerotic and atrophic white plaques can be seen in the neck. The skin of the front chest and back is slightly thickened, and obviously hardened. It can still be pinched up. The skin lesions have no tenderness. The joints of the fingers are stiff and the movement is limited. Skin biopsy: The trochanterellus of epidermis disappeared, fibroblasts were arranged in the whole dermis, and some of them were disordered. Ashen blue staining showed that there were clumps of positive material deposition between collagen fibers and around hair follicles in the whole dermis, which was consistent with lichen myxedematosus (LM). The patient was treated with thalidomide 50 mg 3 times a day, prednisone 30 mg orally and acitretin 10 mg twice a day orally, combined with twice a week photochemical therapy (PUVA), external application of allantoin ointment, desonide cream, Halometasone Cream. On June 10, 2019, the patient's condition gradually became stable when he came to the follow-up visit, so the drug dosage was reduced to prednisone 15 mg once a day and acitretin 10 mg twice a day, once a week for photochemical therapy, and topical plaster continued. On September 8, 2019, the patient's condition was further improved when he came to the follow-up visit, so the patient's oral medication was reduced to acitretin 10 mg/d, and allantoin ointment was applied externally. On December 1, 2019, the patient's condition had improved significantly (the patient refused to take photos). Continued treatment was given to the case. 摘要： 报道1例黏液水肿性苔藓案例。患者男,60岁,因全身皮肤变硬伴色素沉着、瘙痒2年,加重1月,于2019年3 月6日就诊于海南省第五人民医院。患者2年前无明显诱因面部皮肤出现斑块,并逐渐增大、变硬及出现黑褐色色素 沉着。随病情逐渐发展,躯干皮肤出现粗糙,肥厚,变硬及色素沉着,手关节出现僵硬且影响活动。专科检査额部见弥 漫性黄褐色斑片、斑块,呈网格状分布,其上散在萎缩性色素减退斑。背部散在黑褐色斑片,部分融合成片。颈部可见 硬化萎缩性白色斑块。前胸后背皮肤轻度增厚,明显变硬,仍可捏起,皮损无触痛。指关节较僵硬,活动受限。皮肤病 理活检:表皮突变平消失,真皮全层见较多的成纤维细胞排列,部分混乱,阿申蓝染色:真皮全层的胶原纤维间、毛囊周 围见团块状阳性物质沉积,结合临床符合黏液水肿性苔藓（Lichen myxedematosus,LM)。予以沙利度胺50 mg 3次/d,强 的松30 mg顿服及阿维A 10mg2次/d 口服治疗,并结合每周两次的光化学疗法(PUVA),外擦尿囊素软膏、地奈德乳 膏,卤米松乳膏。2019年6月10日患者前来复诊时病情逐渐稳定,遂将药物用量减至强的松15 mg顿服及阿维A 10 mg 2次/d,每周一次光化学疗法,外用膏药继续。2019年9月8日患者前来复诊,病情进一步好转,遂将患者口服药 物减为阿维A 10 mg/d,外擦尿囊素软膏。2019年12月1日患者再次前来复诊,病情已明显好转(患者拒绝拍照）。遂对 该病例临床症状及治疗进行讨论。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91062557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of COVID-19 prevention and control measures on the temporal and spatial evolution of epidemic situation","authors":"Guoping Du, Gao Rong, Wang Kewei, He Yan, Qingzhou Yu, Xiaoshan Li","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.12","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To understand the spatiotemporal distribution and spatial clustering of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and to evaluate the impact of comprehensive prevention and control measures on the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods Three periods was divided according to the measures of first level emergency response and the resumption of work and production. Data of diagnosed number in all provinces and municipalities was collected, and the diagnosed number per week in each time period was calculated. The spatial autocorrelation method was used to analyze the temporal and spatial evolution of COVID-19 epidemic. Results In the first stage, a significant positive spatial correlation was observed rounding Hubei province (Morans'I=0.144, Z =2.517, P =0.016). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a high-high clustering between Hubei and its adjacent provinces, and a low-low clustering in these provinces far away from Hubei. After the measures of first level emergency response being taken(the second stage), the COVID-19 epidemic presented a random distribution (Morans'I=-0.017, Z =0.597, P =0.251). A high-low clustering between Hubei and its adjacent provinces, and a low-low clustering in these provinces far away from Hubei was observed. Since the time of work and production was resumed (the third stage), the COVID-19 epidemic remained a random distribution (Morans ' I=-0.055, Z =-0.857, P =0.131). A high-low clustering between Guangdong and Jiangxi, and a low-low clustering in Sichuan was observed. Conclusion The comprehensive prevention and control measures adopted in China have effectively controlled the spread of COVID-19 epidemic throughout the country. At present, the epidemic posed a sporadic state. A closely monitoring and comprehensive prevention and control measures should be maintained to prevent the rebound of COVID-19 epidemic. 摘要：目的 分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)在不同时期的地理空间分布、空间聚集性特征, 评价综合防控措 施对疫情发展的影响。 方法 根据我国各地区采取I级响应措施及复工复产时间将疫情流行分为三个时间段。收集 我国内地各省、直辖市COVID-19动态确诊数据, 计算每个时间段的周确诊病例数;运用空间自相关法对COVID-19确 诊情况进行统计分析。 结果 在第一阶段, 疫情呈现以湖北为中心的典型空间正相关(Morans’I=0.144, Z=2.517, P =0.016);局部聚集表现为湖北与周边省份的髙-髙型和与湖北相距较远省份的低-低型分布。自各地区启动I级响应措 施以后, 疫情在第二阶段呈现随机分布(Morans’I=-0.017, Z =0.597, P =0.251), 局部聚集表现为湖北与周边省份的髙-低 型和与湖北相距较远省份的低-低型分布。自各地区复工复产后, 疫情在第三阶段仍呈现随机分布(Morans’ I=-0.055, Z =-0.857, P =0.131);局部聚集表现为广东与江西的髙-低型及四川地区的低-低型分布。 结论 我国采取的综合防控 措施有效地控制了全国疫情蔓延, 目前疫情总体处于散发流行状态 , 应防止疫情反弹","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77069788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotyping of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Liaoning with variable number of tandem repeats method","authors":"Tang Shimiao, He Lin, Y. Lijun, L. Shuang, Jian Yiwen","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.06","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To explore the genotype distribution and transmission patterns of 81 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) clinical isolates from Liaoning province with the variable number tandem repeats (VNTR). Methods The 81 strains were isolated from each city of the province in 2018, the p-nitrobenzoic acid (PNB) was used to identify the flora, so as to distinguish Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex from non-tuberculous mycobacteria. The solid ratio method was used to conduct drug susceptibility tests on four first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs using Roche's medium. Based on PCR, the standard 24 sites were detected and analyzed, and the Beijing genotype was identified by the RD105 gene deletion method. Microsoft Excel software was used for polymorphism analysis, and website ( https://www.miru-vntrplus.org/MIRU/index ) was used to get the VNTR genotyping results, the locus polymorphism and clustering rate at the same time was calculated. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical description of data, and χ 2 test carried out on count data or drug resistance in each year; when the theoretical frequency is less than 5, the Fisher exact probability method is used to calculate the two-sided P value, and the test level is α=0.05. Results The clustering analysis of genotype showed that 81 strains were categorized into 3 gene clusters (genogroup I, II and III), in which 1.23% (1/81) was belong to genogroup I, 4.94% (4/81) was genogroup II, and 93.83% (76/81), one of the largest group of genes for III group. The clustering rate was 4.94% (4/81) and the least estimated proportion of the recent infection rate was 2.47% (2/81). The polymorphism of 5 in 24 VNTR loci was better, 3 loci was acceptable, the remaining 16 loci was less polymorphic. Conclusion The drug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis shows obvious gene polymorphisms in Liaoning province and Beijing genotype is the predominant prevalent strain (III group). 摘要 ：目的了解辽宁省81例结核分枝杆菌多位点数目可变串联重复序列分析(variable number of tandem repeats. VNTR)的基因多态性及近期传播情况。 方法 对2018年辽宁省内送至辽宁省疾病预防控制中心实验室的菌株进行传 代后米用对硝基苯甲酸(p-nitrobenzok: acid, PNB)培养基进行菌群鉴定, 以区分结核分枝杆菌复合体和非结核分枝杆 菌。采用固体比例法利用罗氏培养基对4种一线抗结核药物进行药敏实验。以PCR为基础对标准24位点进行检测分 析, 利用RD105基因缺失法鉴定北京基因型。利用Microsoft Excel软件进行多态性分析, 利用 https://www.miru-vntrplus.org/MIRU/index 网站得到VNT R基因分型结果, 同时进行位点多态性和成簇率的计算。采用SPSS 23.0软件进行数据的 统计描述 , 对计数资料或各年度耐药情况进行 χ 2 检验；当理论频数<5时 , 采用Fisher确切概率法计算双侧 P 值, 检验水 准α=0.05。 结果 经分析81株菌株可分为3个基因群（I、Ⅱ、Ⅲ), 菌株数分别为1(1.23%)、4(4.94%)和76(93.83%), 其中最大的基因群为Ⅲ群。成簇率为4.94%(4/81)。近期感染率最小估计值为2.47%(2/81)。24个VNTR位点中有5 个位点的多态性较好, 3个位点的多态性尚可, 16个位点的多态性较差。 结论 初步证实辽宁省耐药结核分枝杆菌菌 株存在明显的基因多态性, 其主要流行型为北京基因型（Ⅲ群）。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85532769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on pathogenesis of suilysin of Streptococcus suis type 2","authors":"Zhu Lexin, Shi Qinfeng, Jiang Xiaowu","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.20","url":null,"abstract":"Functional virulence factors investigation is of importance for understanding the possible pathogenesis of zoonotic Streptococcus suis type 2 (SS2) infection SS2 infected pigs only transmitted to humans, and can cause symptoms such as septicemia, endocarditis, arthritis and meningitis. The exploration of virulence factors and their functions has been an important research direction of the pathogenic mechanism of Streptococcus suis . Suilysin, a traditional secretory effector, is always regarded as one of the typical virulence markers. Biological properties and virulent effects as well as the newly progress of suilysin factor on the pathogenic roles of bacterial adhesion and invasion, immune evasion and penetrating blood brain barrier are summarized. This review will provide a better guidance for promoting SS2 pathogenesis research and investigation of the possible function of hemolysin in other Streptococcus species. 摘要： 猪链球菌( Streptococcus suis )是一种重要的人畜共患病原菌,其中猪链球菌2型( Streptococcus suis type 2, SS2)致病性最强、发病率最髙,SS2患病猪只传染给人,可导致败血症、心内膜炎、关节炎及脑膜炎等症状。关于其毒力因子 的挖掘与功能探索一直是猪链球菌致病机理研究的重要方向。溶血素(Sly)作为猪链球菌2型分泌性毒力因子,一直 被视为是SS2的毒力标志因子之一,在细菌感染与致病过程中扮演重要作用。本文阐述了猪链球菌2型溶血素因子的 溶血特性与分子结构,并重点论述Sly因子在介导SS2的黏附与侵袭、细菌繁殖与免疫逃避、突破血脑屏障与诱导脑膜 炎等感染生物学过程中的作用。以期为推进猪链球菌基础研究及其他链球菌溶血素因子的机制探索提供参考。","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88650297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics comparative analysis of imported and local cases with COVID-19 in Hainan","authors":"W. Jiao, Lin Feng, Han Lizhen, L. Ming, Wu Biao, F. Juan, Wei Chaocha, Zhang Yanru, Pan Baiyu, L. Hui, Wu Tao","doi":"10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13604/J.CNKI.46-1064/R.2020.12.09","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To observe the epidemiology, clinical features, auxiliary examinations and prognosis of 69 cases with COVID-19 in Hainan province. Methods The epidemiological history, past history, clinical manifestations, laboratory examination results and imaging examination results of 69 patients with COVID-19 in Hainan People's Hospital from January 22 to March 7, 2020 were collected. They were divided into non severe group and severe group according to patients ' condition, and imported cases and indigenous cases according to the epidemiological history. And then we retrospectively analyzed their epidemiological and clinical data, further compared the differences between the two groups. Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used in statistical analysis. Results Among the 69 patients, 41 were male, and 28 were female, aged 28-83 years, and 30 had a history of underlying disease. The main clinical manifestations were cough (85.51%), fever (81.16%), asthenia (46.38%). Nasal obstruction and pharyngeal discomfort were rare. 9 cases had increased white blood cells, 25 cases had increased neutrophil percentage, 33 cases had decreased lymphocyte percentage, 42 cases had decreased lymphocyte absolute value, and 66 cases had lung inflammation by imaging examination. Clinical classification: 3 cases were mild, 54 cases were normal, 3 cases were severe, 9 cases were critical, i.e., 57 cases were non-severe (normal/mild), 12 cases were severe (critical / severe). Among 69 patients, 54 (78.26%) were imported cases and 15 were local cases. There was no significant difference between the two groups in clinical manifestations neither clinical typing( P >0.05). Conclusion The main clinical types of COVID-19 patients are moderate type and mild type. There is no difference in clinical manifestations and clinical types between imported cases and indigenous cases. 摘要：目的 观察、了解海南省69例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的流行病学特征、临床特征、辅助检査和预后。 方法 收集海南省人民医院2020年1月22日至3月7日收治的69例新型冠状病毒肺炎患者的流行病学史、既往史、临 床表现、实验室检査结果和影像学检査结果进行归纳与分析。根据病情分为普通/轻症组, 危重/重症组, 根据流行病学 史分为输人病例与本地病例, 回顾性分析其流行病学特征及临床资料, 进一步对比两组间临床资料的差异。统计学处 理采用Mann-Whitney U 检验或 χ 2 检验。 结果 69例患者中, 男性41例, 女性28例, 年龄28~83岁, 30例既往有基础疾 病史。主要临床表现为咳嗽(85.51%)、发热（81.16%)、乏力(46.38%), 鼻塞、咽部不适少见。白细胞升髙者9例, 中性 粒细胞百分比升髙25例, 淋巴细胞百分比降低33例 , 淋巴细胞绝对值减少42例 , 影像学检査肺部有炎症者66例。临 床分型 : 轻型3例, 普通型54例, 重型3例, 危重型9例, 即非重症组(普通/轻型)57例, 重症组(危重/重型）12例。69例患 者, 输人病例54例, 78.26%, 本地病例15例, 两组临床表现与临床分型差异无统计学意义( P >0.05)。 结论 海南省COVID-19患者以普通型与轻型为主, 输人性病例与本土病例临床特征相似","PeriodicalId":10045,"journal":{"name":"中国热带医学","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84840334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}