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Engineering and Process Economics最新文献

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EPE Plant cost indices international EPE工厂成本指数国际
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90061-X
John Cran
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引用次数: 0
Some uses of S-shaped curves in economic appraisal s形曲线在经济评价中的一些应用
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90066-9
F.A. Watson ∗, F.A. Holland

The importance of S-shaped curves in business decision making is discussed and simple methods of fitting equations to such curves are presented. Original adaptations of the well known logistics and Gompertz curves are presented and it is shown by worked examples that the former can be used as an approximation to the cumulative normal distribution curve while the latter is suited to the cumulative probability curve of triangular distributions. The use of such curves in analysing a proposed business strategy and estimating the probability of achieving given values of net present value and discounted cash flow rate of return are illustrated by a major example. This shows that expensive computational equipment is not necessary in order to make numerate assessments of such business factors as profitability, working capital required, project life, risk assessment, etc.

讨论了s型曲线在企业决策中的重要性，并给出了s型曲线方程拟合的简单方法。本文提出了著名的logistic曲线和Gompertz曲线的原始适应性，并通过实例表明，前者可以近似于累积正态分布曲线，而后者适合于三角形分布的累积概率曲线。用这样的曲线来分析提出的商业战略和估计实现给定的净现值和贴现现金流回报率的概率，通过一个主要的例子来说明。这表明，为了对盈利能力、所需营运资金、项目寿命、风险评估等商业因素进行数值评估，不需要昂贵的计算设备。
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引用次数: 1
Books for engineering economics education 用于工程经济学教育的书籍
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90067-0
R.F. de la Mare
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引用次数: 0
Fundamentals of financial management 财务管理基础
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90069-4
W.G. Fenner
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引用次数: 8
Diary of events 事件日记
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90070-0
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引用次数: 0
Long term forecasting: A novel time-trend analysis technique 长期预测:一种新的时间趋势分析技术
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90038-4
R.F. de la Mare

Most business decisions of a strategic nature require the forecasting of future events before any concerted plans can be formulated. The likely future levels of product sales, as depicted by the product life cycle, is of special interest in this regard. This paper develops and validates a particular time trend analysis model which the author hopes will be useful and which is believed to be novel. This model is based upon the equation: St= S*1-exp[-(tAB]

大多数具有战略性质的商业决策都要求在制定协调一致的计划之前对未来事件进行预测。在这方面，产品生命周期所描述的未来产品销售的可能水平是特别令人感兴趣的。本文开发并验证了一种特殊的时间趋势分析模型，笔者希望该模型具有一定的实用性和创新性。该模型基于等式:St= S*1-exp[-(tAB)]
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引用次数: 2
The economics of modern process technology in low-wage countries 低工资国家现代工艺技术的经济学
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90037-2
David J.C. Forsyth

In recent years the assumption that conventional, capital-intensive process equipment is necessarily the optimal choice in developing countries has been under ever-increasing attack. This paper presents the results of an economic evaluation, carried out at the sub-process level, of a number of alternative technologies for sugar production. The disaggregated analysis suggests that for this industry, and, probably, for cognate industries also, the contention that labour-intensive technologies should be preferred in low-wage countries cannot be sustained.

近年来，传统的、资本密集的加工设备必然是发展中国家的最佳选择的假设日益受到攻击。本文介绍了在子过程水平上对一些糖生产替代技术进行经济评价的结果。分门别类的分析表明，对于这个行业，也许对于同类行业来说，劳动密集型技术应该优先用于低工资国家的论点是站不住脚的。
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引用次数: 0
Fluctuating currency rate effects on an international project 汇率波动对国际项目的影响
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90036-0
Parmanand Kumar

More or less every international project faces risks and uncertainties due to fluctuations of currencies of different nations involved with the project. This paper analyzes this difficult problem, which many times is very complicated; An example is presented in a simple form to help visualize and evaluate the risks due to the fluctuating of different countries' currencies on a project of international involvement.

每一个国际项目或多或少都面临着风险和不确定性，因为涉及到项目的不同国家的货币会有波动。本文对这一难题进行了分析，这一问题往往是非常复杂的;以一种简单的形式提供了一个例子，以帮助可视化和评估由于不同国家货币波动对国际参与的项目造成的风险。
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引用次数: 1
The cost of electricity, cheap power versus a clean environment 电力的成本，廉价的电力和清洁的环境
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90042-6
L.G. Brookes
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引用次数: 0
Working capital and its estimation for project evaluation 项目评估中的营运资金及其估算
Engineering and Process Economics
Pub Date : 1978-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/0377-841X(78)90035-9
R. Scott

Recent increases in costs and continuing inflation have increased working capital requirements beyond the levels commonly referred to in engineering literature. Estimating working capital by reference to fixed capital is no longer tenable. This paper describes an improved estimating method based on categorising the hold-up at six stages during manufacture, distribution and sale using approximate costs. The result is expressed in terms of annual sales value.

For products made and sold in U.K., minimum working capital requirements vary between £ 12 and £ 35 for £ 100 of annual sales according to the nature of the product and process. Values may exceed £ 60 for other markets. Results agree well with company published balance sheets.

The method improves the accuracy of project evaluation where errors in estimating working capital can be as significant as those in fixed capital costs. Some design aspects are listed where engineers may be able to reduce working capital or to optimise it against overall cost.

最近成本的增加和持续的通货膨胀增加了营运资金需求，超出了工程文献中通常提到的水平。参照固定资本估算营运资金已不再成立。本文描述了一种改进的估算方法，该方法基于使用近似成本对制造、分销和销售六个阶段的滞留时间进行分类。结果以年销售额表示。对于在英国制造和销售的产品，根据产品和工艺的性质，年销售额为100英镑的最低营运资金要求在12英镑到35英镑之间。在其他市场，价值可能超过60英镑。结果与公司公布的资产负债表相符。该方法提高了项目评估的准确性，因为估算营运资金的误差可能与估算固定资本成本的误差一样大。列出了一些设计方面，工程师可以减少营运资金或优化总体成本。
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引用次数: 6
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