Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.030
Zipei Dong , Wen-Xiong Wang
Micro(nano)plastic (MNP) pollution in the ocean raises concerns about their ecological risks. This study investigated the responses of gut and fecal microbiomes of a marine copepod Calanus sinicus to MNP exposure. Using aggregation-induced emission luminogen bacterial probes, we first visualized and quantified the bacterial distribution and abundance changes in copepod gut and fecal pellets following 200 μg/L of MP (5 μm) and NP (50 nm) exposure. Results revealed bacterial colonization in the anterior midgut, but MNPs induced significant increase in gut bacteria with a shift in gut/fecal balance. Specifically, the average fluorescence intensity of gut bacterial clusters increased by 51.8 % and 74.4 %, and conversely fecal bacterial abundance reduced by 41.4 % and 52.0 %, upon MP and NP exposure, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that MNP exposure resulted in reduced community diversity of fecal microbiome, characterized by decreased core groups and enriched plastic-associated genera. The most abundant Pseudophaeobacter decreased by 18.7–20.5 % under MNP exposure. Short-term MNP exposure had no major impact on KEGG pathways and CAZy classes, but significantly upregulated the MNP degradation-related functions, also disrupted the key genes involved in metabolism, oxidative stress, and biofilm formation. These findings provide key insights for the disturbance posed by MNPs to copepod guts and fecal microbiota.
{"title":"Gut and fecal microbial community responses of a marine copepod to micro(nano)plastics","authors":"Zipei Dong , Wen-Xiong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Micro(nano)plastic (MNP) pollution in the ocean raises concerns about their ecological risks. This study investigated the responses of gut and fecal microbiomes of a marine copepod <em>Calanus sinicus</em> to MNP exposure. Using aggregation-induced emission luminogen bacterial probes, we first visualized and quantified the bacterial distribution and abundance changes in copepod gut and fecal pellets following 200 μg/L of MP (5 μm) and NP (50 nm) exposure. Results revealed bacterial colonization in the anterior midgut, but MNPs induced significant increase in gut bacteria with a shift in gut/fecal balance. Specifically, the average fluorescence intensity of gut bacterial clusters increased by 51.8 % and 74.4 %, and conversely fecal bacterial abundance reduced by 41.4 % and 52.0 %, upon MP and NP exposure, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing revealed that MNP exposure resulted in reduced community diversity of fecal microbiome, characterized by decreased core groups and enriched plastic-associated genera. The most abundant <em>Pseudophaeobacter</em> decreased by 18.7–20.5 % under MNP exposure. Short-term MNP exposure had no major impact on KEGG pathways and CAZy classes, but significantly upregulated the MNP degradation-related functions, also disrupted the key genes involved in metabolism, oxidative stress, and biofilm formation. These findings provide key insights for the disturbance posed by MNPs to copepod guts and fecal microbiota.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 760-769"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.026
Marina Aliste , Caridad Ros , Isabel Garrido , Carmen María Martínez , Adriana Fuensanta Esteban , María Ángeles Hernández , Fulgencio Contreras , Pilar Flores , Pilar Hellín , José Fenoll
The dual use of rotation crops for suppressing Meloidogyne incognita (M. incognita) and their residues as organic matter amendments for pesticide remediation via biosolarization was investigated. Four plant species (mustard, radish, red clover, and sorghum) were evaluated for their response to M. incognita under controlled conditions using clay loam soil, with pepper as a susceptible control. Radish and sorghum exhibited low gall index and reproduction factor, indicating potential resistance or tolerance to root-knot nematodes (RKN). Fresh residues of these four species were also incorporated into historically contaminated agricultural soil at 5 % and 10 % (w/w) rates and subjected to biosolarization for 90 days under polyethylene covers. Soil temperature and physicochemical properties were monitored, and pesticide dissipation was assessed over time. In this soil, 15 pesticides were detected, with a cumulative concentration of 2.6 mg kg−1. Biosolarization treatments enhanced pesticide dissipation compared to solarization alone and untreated control, with half-lives ranging from 52 to 120 days. Amendment type and rate influenced degradation efficiency, with low C/N ratio residues (mustard, radish, red clover) showing greater enhancement than high C/N ratio (sorghum). Higher amendment rates (10 % w/w) of radish and red clover significantly improved dissipation. In contrast to previous biosolarization studies that focused primarily on pathogen or pesticide control using conventional organic matter amendments (e.g., composts, manures, or agro-industrial wastes), this study demonstrates the use of rotation crop residues (selected for their nematode-suppressive potential) as functional biosolarization amendments. This integrated strategy links biological pest management with pesticide remediation, advancing the concept of biosolarization toward a more holistic and sustainable soil health approach.
{"title":"Dual benefits of rotation crops: Root nematode suppression and pesticide remediation through biosolarization","authors":"Marina Aliste , Caridad Ros , Isabel Garrido , Carmen María Martínez , Adriana Fuensanta Esteban , María Ángeles Hernández , Fulgencio Contreras , Pilar Flores , Pilar Hellín , José Fenoll","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dual use of rotation crops for suppressing <em>Meloidogyne incognita</em> (<em>M. incognita)</em> and their residues as organic matter amendments for pesticide remediation via biosolarization was investigated. Four plant species (mustard, radish, red clover, and sorghum) were evaluated for their response to <em>M. incognita</em> under controlled conditions using clay loam soil, with pepper as a susceptible control. Radish and sorghum exhibited low gall index and reproduction factor, indicating potential resistance or tolerance to root-knot nematodes (RKN). Fresh residues of these four species were also incorporated into historically contaminated agricultural soil at 5 % and 10 % (<em>w</em>/w) rates and subjected to biosolarization for 90 days under polyethylene covers. Soil temperature and physicochemical properties were monitored, and pesticide dissipation was assessed over time. In this soil, 15 pesticides were detected, with a cumulative concentration of 2.6 mg kg<sup>−1</sup>. Biosolarization treatments enhanced pesticide dissipation compared to solarization alone and untreated control, with half-lives ranging from 52 to 120 days. Amendment type and rate influenced degradation efficiency, with low C/N ratio residues (mustard, radish, red clover) showing greater enhancement than high C/N ratio (sorghum). Higher amendment rates (10 % <em>w</em>/w) of radish and red clover significantly improved dissipation. In contrast to previous biosolarization studies that focused primarily on pathogen or pesticide control using conventional organic matter amendments (e.g., composts, manures, or agro-industrial wastes), this study demonstrates the use of rotation crop residues (selected for their nematode-suppressive potential) as functional biosolarization amendments. This integrated strategy links biological pest management with pesticide remediation, advancing the concept of biosolarization toward a more holistic and sustainable soil health approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 770-779"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.002
Manyun Zhang , Negar Omidvar , Fang Wang , Xinhong Gan , Jinfei Wu , Ning Li , Wenyuan Zhang , Tao Guo
Unreasonable mining and excavation of rare earth caused considerable threats to agricultural production and local ecology. This study explored the optimized combination of chemical leaching, phytoremediation, organic amendment and nitrification inhibitors to decline lead (Pb) contents in mining-affected soils but to enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality. In comparison to control (CK) in the citric acid-leaching group, soil available Pb contents were significantly decreased by 15.7%, 17.5% and 18.4% in the ryegrass + camellia shell (RS), ryegrass + camellia shell + nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (RSDC) and ryegrass + camellia shell + nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (RSDM) treatments, respectively. Meanwhile, soil Firmicute ratios of the RS, RSDC and RSDM treatments were higher than those in the CK treatments, indicating that an increase in soil Firmicute ratio could improve soil health. Co-presences of shell and nitrification inhibitor significantly increased the height and weight of ryegrass in the double-distilled water and citric acid-leaching groups, and they also promoted soil ecosystem multifunctionality notably. Although the ryegrass did not survive in the citric acid and EDTA-2Na + citric acid-leaching groups, the shell amendment and nitrification inhibitor additions notably improved soil Shannon diversity indices and biotic community network stabilities. Soil pH, β-glucosidase, urease, microbial community diversity, Firmicute and Actinobacteriota ratios were negatively related to soil available Pb contents. Our study indicated that the combination of citric acid-leaching + ryegrass + organic shell + DCD was an optimal strategy for decreasing heavy metal risks and enhancing soil ecosystem health in abandoned mining areas.
{"title":"Comprehensive chemical leaching, phytoremediation, organic amendment and nitrification inhibitor enhancing tailing soil remediation and ecosystem multifunctionality","authors":"Manyun Zhang , Negar Omidvar , Fang Wang , Xinhong Gan , Jinfei Wu , Ning Li , Wenyuan Zhang , Tao Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unreasonable mining and excavation of rare earth caused considerable threats to agricultural production and local ecology. This study explored the optimized combination of chemical leaching, phytoremediation, organic amendment and nitrification inhibitors to decline lead (Pb) contents in mining-affected soils but to enhance soil ecosystem multifunctionality. In comparison to control (CK) in the citric acid-leaching group, soil available Pb contents were significantly decreased by 15.7%, 17.5% and 18.4% in the ryegrass + <em>camellia</em> shell (RS), ryegrass + <em>camellia</em> shell + nitrification inhibitor dicyandiamide (RSDC) and ryegrass + <em>camellia</em> shell + nitrification inhibitor 3, 4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (RSDM) treatments, respectively. Meanwhile, soil <em>Firmicute</em> ratios of the RS, RSDC and RSDM treatments were higher than those in the CK treatments, indicating that an increase in soil <em>Firmicute</em> ratio could improve soil health. Co-presences of shell and nitrification inhibitor significantly increased the height and weight of ryegrass in the double-distilled water and citric acid-leaching groups, and they also promoted soil ecosystem multifunctionality notably. Although the ryegrass did not survive in the citric acid and EDTA-2Na + citric acid-leaching groups, the shell amendment and nitrification inhibitor additions notably improved soil Shannon diversity indices and biotic community network stabilities. Soil pH, β-glucosidase, urease, microbial community diversity, <em>Firmicute</em> and <em>Actinobacteriota</em> ratios were negatively related to soil available Pb contents. Our study indicated that the combination of citric acid-leaching + ryegrass + organic shell + DCD was an optimal strategy for decreasing heavy metal risks and enhancing soil ecosystem health in abandoned mining areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1015-1032"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146022770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are emerging contaminants, yet evidence regarding their aquatic toxicity toward primary producers remains limited, particularly under co-exposure to plastic-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). Here, we investigated the single and combined effects of LCMs and polyethylene-derived DOM (PE-DOM) on Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) during a 192-h exposure by integrating physiological responses, LCM bioaccumulation, and untargeted metabolomics. LCM exposure led to quantifiable accumulation, thereby inducing oxidative and metabolic stress in C. vulgaris. The resulting antioxidant activation and resource reallocation toward defense came at the expense of growth and photosynthetic capacity. Under co-exposure, lower PE-DOM loading, corresponding to limited inputs of chemically reactive fractions, did not affect LCM bioaccumulation but partially buffered LCM-induced physiological impairment via enhanced antioxidant defenses and coordinated metabolic compensation. In contrast, increasing PE-DOM loadings reduced early LCM accumulation yet amplified oxidative damage, accompanied by antioxidant defense collapse, broad metabolic dysregulation, and aggravated cellular damage. These results indicate that PE-DOM modulates LCM-induced biological outcomes through loading-driven shifts in algal metabolic plasticity. Taken together, our findings suggest that LCM aquatic toxicity may vary across plastic-impacted environments, highlighting the importance of considering plastic-derived DOM in aquatic risk assessments of LCMs.
{"title":"Plastic-derived dissolved organic matter modulates liquid crystal monomer toxicity in Chlorella vulgaris via metabolic plasticity","authors":"Shuting Fang , Yiquan Huang , Changqing Yao , Baohua Huang , Chao Chen , Qijun Ruan , Shuqin Liu , Gangfeng Ouyang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid crystal monomers (LCMs) are emerging contaminants, yet evidence regarding their aquatic toxicity toward primary producers remains limited, particularly under co-exposure to plastic-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). Here, we investigated the single and combined effects of LCMs and polyethylene-derived DOM (PE-DOM) on <em>Chlorella vulgaris</em> (<em>C. vulgaris</em>) during a 192-h exposure by integrating physiological responses, LCM bioaccumulation, and untargeted metabolomics. LCM exposure led to quantifiable accumulation, thereby inducing oxidative and metabolic stress in <em>C. vulgaris.</em> The resulting antioxidant activation and resource reallocation toward defense came at the expense of growth and photosynthetic capacity. Under co-exposure, lower PE-DOM loading, corresponding to limited inputs of chemically reactive fractions, did not affect LCM bioaccumulation but partially buffered LCM-induced physiological impairment via enhanced antioxidant defenses and coordinated metabolic compensation. In contrast, increasing PE-DOM loadings reduced early LCM accumulation yet amplified oxidative damage, accompanied by antioxidant defense collapse, broad metabolic dysregulation, and aggravated cellular damage. These results indicate that PE-DOM modulates LCM-induced biological outcomes through loading-driven shifts in algal metabolic plasticity. Taken together, our findings suggest that LCM aquatic toxicity may vary across plastic-impacted environments, highlighting the importance of considering plastic-derived DOM in aquatic risk assessments of LCMs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1185-1194"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.015
Yuxin Xu , Zirui Zhang , Xulin Zhang , Jiajia Zhu , Rui Zeng , Wending Li , Xuedan Xu , Lulu Wang , Pinpin Long , Tao Jing , Tangchun Wu , Yu Yuan
Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs), recognized as contaminants of emerging concern, have been implicated in potential adverse health outcomes. Nevertheless, their epigenetic effects, particularly on plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) in humans, remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to investigate the associations between urinary concentrations of SPAs and plasma miRNA profiles, and further explore their potential biological functions. We quantified nine urinary SPAs in 142 Chinese adults by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate linear regression was employed to assess single-chemical relation, while multi-chemical associations were evaluated using two-way orthogonal partial least-squares analysis and weighted quantile sum regression. To explore the potential origin of SPA-related plasma miRNAs, we analyzed associations between miRNA levels in plasma and leukocytes. Leveraging leukocyte mRNA sequencing data and public databases, we performed pathway enrichment analysis to identify the pathways associated with SPA-associated miRNAs. We found that urinary 4-tert-Octylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone were significantly associated with 2 and 7 plasma miRNAs, respectively (False discovery rate < 0.10). Furthermore, mixed exposure to SPAs was associated with five miRNAs (miR-3135b, miR-769-5p, miR-548k, miR-3188, miR-7705) in both two models. Notably, miR-769-5p and miR-3135b demonstrated consistent associations across all analytical approaches. The positive associations between plasma levels of miR-769-5p, miR-548k, and miR-3188 and their corresponding intra-leukocyte levels (P < 0.05) suggested that leukocytes might serve as a potential source of these miRNAs. Functional analyses identified that SPA-related miRNAs were involved in pathways related to neurotoxicity and cancers, which may inform future environmental risk assessments and support the development of evidence-based strategies for reducing population exposure to SPAs.
{"title":"Urinary synthetic phenolic antioxidants exposure and plasma microRNA signatures: A profile and functional analysis in a Chinese population-based study","authors":"Yuxin Xu , Zirui Zhang , Xulin Zhang , Jiajia Zhu , Rui Zeng , Wending Li , Xuedan Xu , Lulu Wang , Pinpin Long , Tao Jing , Tangchun Wu , Yu Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Synthetic phenolic antioxidants (SPAs), recognized as contaminants of emerging concern, have been implicated in potential adverse health outcomes. Nevertheless, their epigenetic effects, particularly on plasma microRNAs (miRNAs) in humans, remain poorly characterized. This study aimed to investigate the associations between urinary concentrations of SPAs and plasma miRNA profiles, and further explore their potential biological functions. We quantified nine urinary SPAs in 142 Chinese adults by ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Multivariate linear regression was employed to assess single-chemical relation, while multi-chemical associations were evaluated using two-way orthogonal partial least-squares analysis and weighted quantile sum regression. To explore the potential origin of SPA-related plasma miRNAs, we analyzed associations between miRNA levels in plasma and leukocytes. Leveraging leukocyte mRNA sequencing data and public databases, we performed pathway enrichment analysis to identify the pathways associated with SPA-associated miRNAs. We found that urinary 4-tert-Octylphenol and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadienone were significantly associated with 2 and 7 plasma miRNAs, respectively (False discovery rate < 0.10). Furthermore, mixed exposure to SPAs was associated with five miRNAs (miR-3135b, miR-769-5p, miR-548k, miR-3188, miR-7705) in both two models. Notably, miR-769-5p and miR-3135b demonstrated consistent associations across all analytical approaches. The positive associations between plasma levels of miR-769-5p, miR-548k, and miR-3188 and their corresponding intra-leukocyte levels (<em>P</em> < 0.05) suggested that leukocytes might serve as a potential source of these miRNAs. Functional analyses identified that SPA-related miRNAs were involved in pathways related to neurotoxicity and cancers, which may inform future environmental risk assessments and support the development of evidence-based strategies for reducing population exposure to SPAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 642-651"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.016
Wang Fu , Yundie Liang , Quan Chen , Min Wu , Danping Wu , Patryk Oleszczuk , Bo Pan
The coexistence of cations and anions critically influences contaminant behavior in various environments, yet their roles in redox-driven remediation remain underexplored. This study elucidates how cations (K(I), Mg(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cr(III)) enhance biochar-mediated Cr(VI) removal through electrostatic modulation. By quantitatively decoupling the adsorption and reduction pathways, we demonstrated that cation co-presence promoted Cr(VI) adsorption (3.5–26.2-fold) and reduction (1.1–3.0-fold), with more than 63.9 % the overall Cr(VI) removal attributing to reduction. While superoxide radicals (·O₂−) contributed− to liquid-phase reduction, their efficacy depended on interfacial accessibility rather than abundance. A significant correlation between zeta potential elevation and Cr(VI) reduction (P < 0.01) indicated electrostatic modulation as the key mechanism for the enhanced Cr(VI) removal in the presence of ions. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) revealed that the preferential complexation of Cr(III) with carboxyl groups served as the primary electrostatic modulation pathway, retarding Cr(VI) adsorption. Subsequent reduction was driven by phenolic hydroxyl groups, which were oxidized to carboxylates during the conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). This work emphasizes surface charge modification as a critical strategy for optimizing the redox functionality of biochar.
{"title":"Cation-driven electrostatic modulation enhances Cr(VI) reduction by biochar","authors":"Wang Fu , Yundie Liang , Quan Chen , Min Wu , Danping Wu , Patryk Oleszczuk , Bo Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coexistence of cations and anions critically influences contaminant behavior in various environments, yet their roles in redox-driven remediation remain underexplored. This study elucidates how cations (K(I), Mg(II), Zn(II), Cu(II), and Cr(III)) enhance biochar-mediated Cr(VI) removal through electrostatic modulation. By quantitatively decoupling the adsorption and reduction pathways, we demonstrated that cation co-presence promoted Cr(VI) adsorption (3.5–26.2-fold) and reduction (1.1–3.0-fold), with more than 63.9 % the overall Cr(VI) removal attributing to reduction. While superoxide radicals (·O₂<sup>−</sup>) contributed<sup>−</sup> to liquid-phase reduction, their efficacy depended on interfacial accessibility rather than abundance. A significant correlation between zeta potential elevation and Cr(VI) reduction (<em>P</em> < 0.01) indicated electrostatic modulation as the key mechanism for the enhanced Cr(VI) removal in the presence of ions. Two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2DCOS) revealed that the preferential complexation of Cr(III) with carboxyl groups served as the primary electrostatic modulation pathway, retarding Cr(VI) adsorption. Subsequent reduction was driven by phenolic hydroxyl groups, which were oxidized to carboxylates during the conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III). This work emphasizes surface charge modification as a critical strategy for optimizing the redox functionality of biochar.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 680-687"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.011
Jun Wang , Wenjun Wang , Yucheng Hou , Qian Li , Bin Gong , Miaomiao Qu , Yun Shi , Jianmeng Chen , Li’an Hou
Although the photothermal synergistic catalysis technology shows great potential for eliminating indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs), its catalytic degradation of multi-component VOCs with different polarities still faces challenges such as insufficient catalytic oxidation performance and weak selective adsorption. This study innovatively utilized waste silk textiles as the sustainable carbon source to successfully synthesize a biochar-based transition metal oxide composite catalyst via an in-situ growth method, constructing the MnOx/C/TiO2 ternary composite catalyst. The experimental result demonstrated that the optimal catalyst (TSTMn-0.05) had remarkable synergistic removal efficiency for the mixed pollutant of CH2O and C7H8 under photothermal synergistic catalysis, and featured the degradation rates of 98.9 % and 85.2 % respectively within 90 min for CH2O and C7H8 Its excellent performance stems from the broad-spectrum adsorption and enrichment of various polar VOCs by the biochar matrix, the unique heterojunction structure of the catalyst, and the synergistic effect of the multivalent redox cycling of Mn ions and the photothermal effect. During the photothermal synergy process, multiple effects jointly promote the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers and the generation of a large number of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby driving the deep mineralization of VOCs. This study not only achieves the high-value resource utilization of waste textiles but also provides a new strategy for developing advanced photothermal catalysts capable of efficiently purifying complex and multi-component VOCs.
{"title":"In-situ synthesis of biochar-based transition metal oxide composite catalysts for highly photothermal oxidation single- and multi-component indoor VOCs","authors":"Jun Wang , Wenjun Wang , Yucheng Hou , Qian Li , Bin Gong , Miaomiao Qu , Yun Shi , Jianmeng Chen , Li’an Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the photothermal synergistic catalysis technology shows great potential for eliminating indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs), its catalytic degradation of multi-component VOCs with different polarities still faces challenges such as insufficient catalytic oxidation performance and weak selective adsorption. This study innovatively utilized waste silk textiles as the sustainable carbon source to successfully synthesize a biochar-based transition metal oxide composite catalyst via an in-situ growth method, constructing the MnO<sub>x</sub>/C/TiO<sub>2</sub> ternary composite catalyst. The experimental result demonstrated that the optimal catalyst (TSTMn-0.05) had remarkable synergistic removal efficiency for the mixed pollutant of CH<sub>2</sub>O and C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub> under photothermal synergistic catalysis, and featured the degradation rates of 98.9 % and 85.2 % respectively within 90 min for CH<sub>2</sub>O and C<sub>7</sub>H<sub>8</sub> Its excellent performance stems from the broad-spectrum adsorption and enrichment of various polar VOCs by the biochar matrix, the unique heterojunction structure of the catalyst, and the synergistic effect of the multivalent redox cycling of Mn ions and the photothermal effect. During the photothermal synergy process, multiple effects jointly promote the efficient separation of photogenerated carriers and the generation of a large number of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thereby driving the deep mineralization of VOCs. This study not only achieves the high-value resource utilization of waste textiles but also provides a new strategy for developing advanced photothermal catalysts capable of efficiently purifying complex and multi-component VOCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 652-668"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-17DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.012
Judit Kalman , Rocío Fernández-Saavedra , Carla Díaz-Tielas , Mona Connolly , Ana I. Cardona-García , Nathaniel Clark , Richard D. Handy , Eric A.J. Bleeker , Isabel Rucandio , José María Navas , María Luisa Fernández-Cruz
To identify nanomaterials of potential environmental concern and to support risk assessment for regulatory purposes bioaccumulation testing is required. However, further guidance is needed when applying the fish bioaccumulation OECD test guideline (TG) No. 305 to nanomaterials. Also questions remain surrounding the most appropriate exposure route and if subtle modifications to these materials (e.g. different coatings) will influence bioaccumulation potential. Therefore in this study OECD TG 305 was applied to assess the bioaccumulation potential of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) with additional considerations for testing nanomaterials. CdTe QDs were selected for our studies because of their increasing use, possible release to water and limited information on their bioaccumulation potential in fish. To specifically address the influence of exposure route and surface coating on bioaccumulation, the uptake and depuration kinetics of two differently coated (carboxylate and polyethylene glycol coatings) CdTe QDs were investigated in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) following either aqueous or dietary exposure. In the dietary exposure bioaccumulation assays, fish were exposed to CdTe QDs at concentrations of 10 or 100 mg/kg for 28 days, followed by a 28-day depuration period to derive biomagnification factors (BMFs). In the aqueous exposure bioaccumulation tests, fish were exposed to 4 or 40 μg CdTe QDs /L for 28 days, followed by a 14-day depuration period to derive bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Both materials showed a low bioaccumulation potential and while a higher uptake was seen for the PEG coated materials, overall biodistribution, uptake and depuration kinetics were similar. The dietary exposure route allowed good and consistent estimations of BMF following both sequential and simultaneous methods. Aqueous exposures showed CdTe QDs dissolution in aquarium water and a steady state was not reached within 28 days, which challenged derivation of BCF values.
This study provides important information on two differently coated CdTe QDs bioaccumulation, on OECD TG 305 applicability to metallic nanomaterials and on the reporting of accurate regulatory acceptable indicators of nanomaterial bioaccumulation potential.
{"title":"Effects of exposure route and surface coating on the bioaccumulation of CdTe quantum dots in fish. Considerations for testing nanomaterials following OECD Test guideline No. 305","authors":"Judit Kalman , Rocío Fernández-Saavedra , Carla Díaz-Tielas , Mona Connolly , Ana I. Cardona-García , Nathaniel Clark , Richard D. Handy , Eric A.J. Bleeker , Isabel Rucandio , José María Navas , María Luisa Fernández-Cruz","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To identify nanomaterials of potential environmental concern and to support risk assessment for regulatory purposes bioaccumulation testing is required. However, further guidance is needed when applying the fish bioaccumulation OECD test guideline (TG) No. 305 to nanomaterials. Also questions remain surrounding the most appropriate exposure route and if subtle modifications to these materials (e.g. different coatings) will influence bioaccumulation potential. Therefore in this study OECD TG 305 was applied to assess the bioaccumulation potential of CdTe quantum dots (QDs) with additional considerations for testing nanomaterials. CdTe QDs were selected for our studies because of their increasing use, possible release to water and limited information on their bioaccumulation potential in fish. To specifically address the influence of exposure route and surface coating on bioaccumulation, the uptake and depuration kinetics of two differently coated (carboxylate and polyethylene glycol coatings) CdTe QDs were investigated in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) following either aqueous or dietary exposure. In the dietary exposure bioaccumulation assays, fish were exposed to CdTe QDs at concentrations of 10 or 100 mg/kg for 28 days, followed by a 28-day depuration period to derive biomagnification factors (BMFs). In the aqueous exposure bioaccumulation tests, fish were exposed to 4 or 40 μg CdTe QDs /L for 28 days, followed by a 14-day depuration period to derive bioconcentration factors (BCFs). Both materials showed a low bioaccumulation potential and while a higher uptake was seen for the PEG coated materials, overall biodistribution, uptake and depuration kinetics were similar. The dietary exposure route allowed good and consistent estimations of BMF following both sequential and simultaneous methods. Aqueous exposures showed CdTe QDs dissolution in aquarium water and a steady state was not reached within 28 days, which challenged derivation of BCF values.</div><div>This study provides important information on two differently coated CdTe QDs bioaccumulation, on OECD TG 305 applicability to metallic nanomaterials and on the reporting of accurate regulatory acceptable indicators of nanomaterial bioaccumulation potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 618-630"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.009
Fu Zhang , Lixia Zou , Yongheng Zhang , Honghong Li , Dongyu Yang , Lichao Chen , Zhaojie Chen , Xuesheng Li
Neonicotinoid pesticides are strongly believed to exhibit a higher risk of ecotoxicity to honeybee populations. However, the underlying reasons have not been clarified. Our research indicates that neonicotinoid pesticides dinotefuran affected acetylcholine receptors, which led to an elevation in octopamine titer and subsequent increase in the body temperature of honeybees. Furthermore, we observed a considerable upregulation the expression of a flight gene flightin in honeybees. This gene accelerates the homing behavior of honeybees and facilitates the rapid and frequent transport of neonicotinoid pesticide-contaminated nectar to the hive. Consequently, this accelerated the enrichment of neonicotinoid pesticides and increased the toxicity risk to the honeybee population. Stereochiral configuration S-dinotefuran exhibited a markedly higher influence on the body temperature of honeybees and the expression of flight genes than R-dinotefuran. The transcriptomic data further demonstrated that S-dinotefuran and R-dinotefuran influenced the thermogenesis, glycolytic, mitochondrial metabolism, and other energy metabolic pathways. We propose for the first time that neonicotinoid pesticides accelerate the homing of honeybees, which in turn hastens the transfer of neonicotinoid pesticides into their hives. This phenomenon may explain the frequent appearance and higher concentrations of neonicotinoid pesticides residual in the hive and one of the reasons why these pesticides are more ecotoxicity than others.
{"title":"Neonicotinoid pesticides dinotefuran increase honeybee body temperature and accelerate honeybee (Apis mellifera) translocation of contaminants into hives to enhance ecotoxicity risk","authors":"Fu Zhang , Lixia Zou , Yongheng Zhang , Honghong Li , Dongyu Yang , Lichao Chen , Zhaojie Chen , Xuesheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neonicotinoid pesticides are strongly believed to exhibit a higher risk of ecotoxicity to honeybee populations. However, the underlying reasons have not been clarified. Our research indicates that neonicotinoid pesticides dinotefuran affected acetylcholine receptors, which led to an elevation in octopamine titer and subsequent increase in the body temperature of honeybees. Furthermore, we observed a considerable upregulation the expression of a flight gene <em>flightin</em> in honeybees. This gene accelerates the homing behavior of honeybees and facilitates the rapid and frequent transport of neonicotinoid pesticide-contaminated nectar to the hive. Consequently, this accelerated the enrichment of neonicotinoid pesticides and increased the toxicity risk to the honeybee population. Stereochiral configuration <em>S</em>-dinotefuran exhibited a markedly higher influence on the body temperature of honeybees and the expression of <em>flight</em> genes than <em>R</em>-dinotefuran. The transcriptomic data further demonstrated that <em>S</em>-dinotefuran and <em>R</em>-dinotefuran influenced the thermogenesis, glycolytic, mitochondrial metabolism, and other energy metabolic pathways. We propose for the first time that neonicotinoid pesticides accelerate the homing of honeybees, which in turn hastens the transfer of neonicotinoid pesticides into their hives. This phenomenon may explain the frequent appearance and higher concentrations of neonicotinoid pesticides residual in the hive and one of the reasons why these pesticides are more ecotoxicity than others.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 631-641"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.010
Haosong Qu , Zhiming He , Minjie Pei , Zhanqi Song , Kai Zhang , Yali Li
Chlorinated organic hazardous wastes (COWs) are highly toxic, chemically stable, and resistant to natural degradation, their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation pose serious threats to human health and ecosystems. Dechlorination is a key approach to reducing toxicity, lowering environmental pollution risks, and enabling subsequent treatment and resource recovery. In this study, an alkaline alcoholysis system based on sodium hydroxide and anhydrous ethanol was developed to treat chlorinated pesticide waste liquid (CPWL) under ambient conditions. Multiple analytical techniques, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were used to examine changes in chemical composition, molecular structure, and functional groups in CPWL. Mechanistic analysis indicates that nucleophilic substitution is the dominant reaction pathway. Before treatment, the major pollutants2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine and 1,3,7-trichloronaphthalene accounted for 36.63 % and 38.80 % of the mixture, respectively; after treatment, their contents decreased to 0.12 % and non-detectable levels. The released chlorine was effectively converted into sodium chloride, achieving efficient chlorine immobilization. DFT calculations reveal the initial attack site as -CCl3, with a total enthalpy change ΔH = −24.7 kcal·mol−1 and an energy barrier of 14.5–38.6 kcal·mol−1. ECOSAR assessment indicates reduced toxicity of CPWL products following reaction. This alkaline alcoholysis system demonstrates significant effectiveness in detoxifying chlorinated organic wastes and provides a feasible route for resource recovery.
{"title":"Chlorine migration and transformation mechanism in organochlorine hazardous waste treated with alkaline alcohol system","authors":"Haosong Qu , Zhiming He , Minjie Pei , Zhanqi Song , Kai Zhang , Yali Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorinated organic hazardous wastes (COWs) are highly toxic, chemically stable, and resistant to natural degradation, their environmental persistence and bioaccumulation pose serious threats to human health and ecosystems. Dechlorination is a key approach to reducing toxicity, lowering environmental pollution risks, and enabling subsequent treatment and resource recovery. In this study, an alkaline alcoholysis system based on sodium hydroxide and anhydrous ethanol was developed to treat chlorinated pesticide waste liquid (CPWL) under ambient conditions. Multiple analytical techniques, including gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), were used to examine changes in chemical composition, molecular structure, and functional groups in CPWL. Mechanistic analysis indicates that nucleophilic substitution is the dominant reaction pathway. Before treatment, the major pollutants2-chloro-6-(trichloromethyl) pyridine and 1,3,7-trichloronaphthalene accounted for 36.63 % and 38.80 % of the mixture, respectively; after treatment, their contents decreased to 0.12 % and non-detectable levels. The released chlorine was effectively converted into sodium chloride, achieving efficient chlorine immobilization. DFT calculations reveal the initial attack site as -CCl<sub>3</sub>, with a total enthalpy change ΔH = −24.7 kcal·mol<sup>−1</sup> and an energy barrier of 14.5–38.6 kcal·mol<sup>−1</sup>. ECOSAR assessment indicates reduced toxicity of CPWL products following reaction. This alkaline alcoholysis system demonstrates significant effectiveness in detoxifying chlorinated organic wastes and provides a feasible route for resource recovery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 590-605"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145789686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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