Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology最新文献_第3页

PFAS bioaccumulation in food crops: Structure-informed machine learning and mechanistic evidence for priority control PFAS在粮食作物中的生物积累：结构信息机器学习和优先控制的机制证据

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.029

Yuhan Cui , Wenyu Xiao , Yisu Fang , Beicheng Li , Maosheng Zheng , Yu Li

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), as globally emerging persistent organic pollutants, pose severe threats to agroecosystems due to their ubiquity and bioaccumulation potential. In this study, 108 environmentally detected PFASs were systematically evaluated using molecular docking to characterize their accumulation in wheat, tomato, and strawberry root-stem tissues. A hierarchical evaluation framework was established to generate prioritized control lists, identifying 15, 16, and 8 high-risk PFASs in wheat, tomato, and strawberry, respectively, with 16 compounds consistently detected across crops. Source apportionment revealed food packaging, wastewater, landfill leachate, personal care products, and paints as key entry pathways into agricultural environments. Building on this foundation, a machine learning prediction model was constructed to extend the evaluation to 6203 PFASs. The results highlighted that emerging structural features, including cyclic, heterocyclic, quaternary ammonium, and amphoteric groups, substantially enhance crop bioaccumulation effects. Furthermore, for the first time, crop-specific adverse outcome pathway (AOP) frameworks were established, providing mechanistic insights into PFAS bioaccumulation in crops. Protein-ligand docking further demonstrated that highly bioaccumulative PFASs engage in stronger hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions with key receptors, thereby validating structure-activity relationships underlying their enhanced accumulation. This study provides robust mechanistic evidence and predictive insight into the environmental fate and bioaccumulation behavior of PFASs in agroecosystems, offering a scientific basis for exposure assessment and ecological risk management.

全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质作为全球新出现的持久性有机污染物，由于其普遍存在和生物积累潜力，对农业生态系统构成严重威胁。本研究利用分子对接技术对108种环境检测到的全氟磺酸进行了系统评价，以表征它们在小麦、番茄和草莓根茎组织中的积累特征。建立了分级评价框架，生成了优先控制列表，分别确定了小麦、番茄和草莓中的15、16和8种高风险PFASs，其中16种化合物在作物中一致检测到。来源分析显示，食品包装、废水、垃圾填埋场渗滤液、个人护理产品和油漆是进入农业环境的主要途径。在此基础上，构建了机器学习预测模型，将评估扩展到6203个PFASs。结果表明，新出现的结构特征，包括环、杂环、季铵和两性基团，大大增强了作物的生物积累效应。此外，首次建立了作物特异性不良后果途径（AOP）框架，为PFAS在作物中的生物积累提供了机制见解。蛋白质-配体对接进一步表明，高生物蓄积性PFASs与关键受体进行更强的氢键、疏水和静电相互作用，从而验证了其增强蓄积性背后的结构-活性关系。本研究为全氟辛烷在农业生态系统中的环境命运和生物积累行为提供了强有力的机制证据和预测性见解，为全氟辛烷的暴露评估和生态风险管理提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Insight into catalytic performance of chlorobenzene over phosphate-modified MnCeOx catalysts and suppression mechanism of polychlorinated byproducts 氯苯在磷酸盐改性MnCeOx催化剂上的催化性能及多氯副产物抑制机理研究

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.020

Runtong Dong , Yunfeng Ma , Yi Liu , Fanxiang Meng , Jiabao Lv , Angjian Wu , Zhongkang Han , Yujue Yang , Bingcheng Lin , Rong Jin , Minghui Zheng , Guorui Liu

Efficient catalytic oxidation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) with minimal polychlorinated byproducts remains challenging, and the positive effect of water vapor could facilitate it. Based on MnCeOx catalyst, the formation characteristics of polychlorinated benzenes, highly toxic polychlorinated byproducts (PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PCNs), and PAHs during catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene (CBCO) were systemically revealed. A phosphate-modified strategy (trimethyl phosphate, CePO₄, and H₃PO₄) was developed for promoting chlorine desorption and desirable inhibition on the polychlorinated byproducts. The trimethyl phosphate TMP-modified catalyst demonstrated highest CB conversion (T₉₀ = 205 °C), stability, and water resistance. A series of experiments involving D₂O-TPD-MS, radical trapping, and DFT calculation provided complete insights into promotion effect of phosphate-modification strategy on the formation of Brønsted acid sites and the hydrolysis effect on H₂O molecule. H₂O performed an essential proton-rich environment and highly reactive water-source oxygen species (·OH), thereby improving dechlorination and deep oxidation properties. The generation pathways of polychlorinated byproducts mainly include reaction steps such as free radical coupling, dechlorination, and condensation. TMP-modified MnCeOx catalyst exhibited the strongest suppression effect on the formation of chlorinated and non-chlorinated byproducts, and their concentrations were decreased by 87.7 % (Polychlorinated benzenes), 82.2 %(PCDD/Fs), 8.5 %(PCBs), and 92.0 %(PAHs), respectively. This work demonstrates a valuable phosphate-modified strategy to suppress the generation of polychlorinated byproducts during CVOCs elimination process and improved the application potential of Mn-based catalysts under practical application conditions (containing water vapor).

有效的催化氧化氯化挥发性有机化合物（CVOCs）并减少多氯副产物仍然是一个挑战，而水蒸气的积极作用可以促进它。基于MnCeOx催化剂，系统揭示了氯苯（CBCO）催化氧化过程中多氯联苯、高毒性多氯联苯副产物（PCDD/Fs、PCBs和PCNs）和多环芳烃的生成特征。采用磷酸三甲基磷酸、CePO4和H3PO4三种磷酸盐改性策略促进了氯的脱附，并对多氯副产物有良好的抑制作用。三甲基磷酸tmp改性催化剂表现出最高的CB转化率（T90 = 205℃）、稳定性和耐水性。通过D2O-TPD-MS、自由基捕获和DFT计算等一系列实验，全面了解了磷酸盐修饰策略对Brønsted酸位形成的促进作用以及对H2O分子的水解作用。H2O是必需的富质子环境和高活性的水源氧（·OH），从而改善了脱氯和深度氧化性能。多氯副产物的生成途径主要包括自由基偶联、脱氯、缩合等反应步骤。tmp修饰的MnCeOx催化剂对氯化副产物和非氯化副产物的生成抑制作用最强，其浓度分别降低87.7%（多氯苯）、82.2% （PCDD/Fs）、8.5% （PCBs）和92.0% （PAHs）。本研究展示了一种有价值的磷酸盐改性策略，可以抑制CVOCs消除过程中多氯副产物的产生，并提高了锰基催化剂在实际应用条件下（含水蒸气）的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The differential cardiotoxicity effects and molecular mechanisms induced by two emerging organophosphorus flame retardants (EHDPP and DPHP) with similar parent structures in zebrafish 两种新型亲本结构相似的有机磷阻燃剂EHDPP和DPHP对斑马鱼的不同心脏毒性作用及其分子机制

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.017

Miaocui Xi, Xue Bai, Lu Fang, Xuedong Wang, Jin Yan, Qiuhui Qian, Zejun Wang, Huili Wang

Herein, we systematically compared the cardiotoxicity effects of two structurally similar organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs; EHDPP and its major metabolite DPHP) using zebrafishi as a model organism. Predictive toxicity data from two aquatic species, together with empirical LC₅₀ values obtained in zebrafish larvae, consistently demonstrated that 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) is substantially more toxic than diphenyl phosphate (DPHP). At LC₅₀-scaled concentrations, both contaminants induced the reduced heart rate, pericardial edema, and cardiac malformations, in concomitant with enhanced activities of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and downregulated cardiac transcription factors (gata4 and Nkx2.5) and upregulated structural gene cmlc2. Even at low concentrations, EHDPP triggered apoptosis and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cardiac and pericardial tisues, along with prominent lipid accumulation in the heart, vasculature, and intersegmental arteries. It activated multiple pathways including MAPK, calcium signaling, and excitation-contraction coupling, while DPHP primarily affected cardiac function via calcium pump regulation and neuro-signaling pathways. Disease ontology (DO) enrichment analysis revealed that both EHDPP and DPHP associated target genes were most significantly enriched in cardiovascular-related diseases. Pharmacological rescue experiments using pathway-specific agents (Y-27632 and isoproterenol) further validated the functional roles of key signaling pathways in mediating the observed cardiotoxicity. Albeit differing in only one alkyl chain, EHDPP and DPHP displayed significantly differential cardiotoxicity and molecular mechanisms in zebrafish. These observations are conducive to illustrating OPFRs' structure-activity relationship and their health risk.

本文以斑马鱼为模型生物，系统比较了两种结构相似的有机磷阻燃剂（OPFRs、EHDPP及其主要代谢物DPHP）的心脏毒性作用。来自两种水生物种的预测毒性数据，以及在斑马鱼幼虫中获得的经验LC₅0值，一致表明2-乙基己基磷酸二苯酯（EHDPP）的毒性比磷酸二苯酯（DPHP）大得多。在LC₅0标度浓度下，两种污染物均诱导心率降低、心包水肿和心脏畸形，同时肌酸激酶（CK）和乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性增强，心脏转录因子（gata4和Nkx2.5）下调，结构基因cmlc2上调。即使在低浓度下，EHDPP也会引发心脏和心包组织的细胞凋亡和活性氧（ROS）水平升高，并在心脏、脉管系统和节段间动脉中产生显著的脂质积累。它激活了包括MAPK、钙信号和兴奋-收缩耦合在内的多种通路，而DPHP主要通过钙泵调节和神经信号通路影响心功能。疾病本体（DO）富集分析显示，EHDPP和DPHP相关靶基因在心血管相关疾病中富集最为显著。利用途径特异性药物（Y-27632和异丙肾上腺素）进行的药理学救援实验进一步验证了关键信号通路在介导所观察到的心脏毒性中的功能作用。尽管EHDPP和DPHP仅在一个烷基链上存在差异，但在斑马鱼中表现出明显不同的心脏毒性和分子机制。这些结果有助于阐明OPFRs的构效关系及其健康风险。

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引用次数: 0

Environmental endocrine disrupting chemicals in urine and follicular fluid: Association with steroid hormones and risk of polycystic ovarian syndrome 尿和卵泡液中环境内分泌干扰物：与类固醇激素和多囊卵巢综合征风险的关系

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.017

Yarui Liu , Nan Xiao , Yongcheng Li , Yiming Yao , Haining Luo

Organophosphate esters (OPEs), bisphenols, benzophenones, and parabens are acknowledged as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and used as flame retardants, plasticizers, and personal care products, but their associations with steroid hormone levels in females diagnosed of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) remain unclear. In this study, urinary and follicular fluid (FF) concentrations of 9 metabolites of OPEs (mOPEs), 7 bisphenols, 3 benzophenones, and 4 parabens were investigated in childbearing-age females with and without PCOS in China (n = 72). Bis(2-butoxyethyl) 2-hydroxyethyl phosphate (BBOEHEP) had higher FF concentrations in females with PCOS than without PCOS (4.22 and 0.26 ng/mL, p < 0.01). FF EDCs were positively associated with cortisol (p < 0.01). The major contribution came from mOPEs. Specifically, BBOEHEP alone accounted for 87.4% of this contribution. FF BBOEHEP, ΣmOPEs, bisphenol A, and Σbisphenols had positive associations with PCOS risk (OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.56, 4.25; OR = 4.93, 95% CI: 2.10, 11.6; OR = 14.1, 95% CI: 3.84, 51.6; OR = 15.0, 95% CI: 3.98, 56.7; p < 0.01). This study suggested FF is a better biomonitoring target for reproductive effects in ovary. The association between EDCs and steroid hormones is also worth further study for understanding their crucial impacts in PCOS females.

有机磷酸酯（OPEs）、双酚类、二苯甲酮和对羟基苯甲酸酯被认为是内分泌干扰化学物质（EDCs），并被用作阻燃剂、增塑剂和个人护理产品，但它们与诊断为多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的女性体内类固醇激素水平的关系尚不清楚。本研究对中国育龄女性（72例）的尿液和卵泡液（FF）中9种OPEs代谢物（mOPEs）、7种双酚类、3种二苯甲酮类和4种对羟基苯甲酸酯类的浓度进行了研究。双（2-丁氧乙基）2-羟乙基磷酸酯（BBOEHEP）在PCOS女性体内的FF浓度高于未患PCOS的女性（4.22和0.26 ng/mL, p < 0.01）。FF EDCs与皮质醇呈正相关（p < 0.01）。主要的贡献来自mope。具体而言，仅BBOEHEP就占了这一贡献的87.4%。FF BBOEHEP、ΣmOPEs、双酚A和Σbisphenols与PCOS风险呈正相关（OR = 2.58, 95% CI: 1.56、4.25;OR = 4.93, 95% CI: 2.10、11.6;OR = 14.1, 95% CI: 3.84、51.6;OR = 15.0, 95% CI: 3.98、56.7;p < 0.01）。本研究提示FF是卵巢生殖效应较好的生物监测靶点。EDCs与类固醇激素之间的关系也值得进一步研究，以了解它们在PCOS女性中的重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Diisobutyl phthalate at environmental concentration promotes the conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes: Mechanistic insights and ecological implications 环境浓度的邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯促进抗生素抗性基因的共轭转移：机制见解和生态意义

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.013

Siyuan Li , Caiqing Li , Zhixiang Xu , Guangzhou He , Yitao Ma , Hao Lu , Keying Chen , Longlong Miao , Xianyao Zheng , Xuejun Pan

The synergistic effects between antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and horizontal gene transfer involving non-antibiotic pollutants such as microplastics represent an emerging frontier in ecological and public health research. Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP), a prevalent phthalate (PAE) plasticizer, volatilizes into aquatic environments, posing significant risks to aquatic ecosystems. This study systematically investigated the regulatory mechanisms by which DIBP promotes conjugative transfer of ARGs at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.01–100 μg/L), showing increases of 1.02–1.67-fold and 1.02–1.36-fold compared to controls. By establishing both intra- and inter-genus systems, we elucidated the synergistic interactions among oxidative stress, membrane permeability, and energy metabolism that collectively drive ARG dissemination. Moving beyond previous studies, the present work establishes a more comprehensive mechanistic evaluation framework through with DIBP induced ARG conjugation, namely “oxidative stress-membrane permeability-energy metabolism” coupling model. Related results extend the specificity of PAEs in facilitating ARG transfer from straight-chain to branched-chain isomers, representing a deep attempt to move from observational phenomena to systematic mechanistic analysis within this field. These findings reveal potential aquatic ecological and public health risks, ultimately providing novel theoretical support for mitigating PAE-induced antibiotic resistance transmission.

抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）与涉及微塑料等非抗生素污染物的水平基因转移之间的协同效应是生态和公共卫生研究的一个新兴前沿。邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DIBP）是一种常见的邻苯二甲酸酯（PAE）增塑剂，它挥发到水生环境中，对水生生态系统构成重大风险。本研究系统研究了环境相关浓度（0.01 ~ 100 μg/L）下DIBP促进ARGs共轭转移的调控机制，结果显示DIBP与对照组相比分别增加1.02 ~ 1.67倍和1.02 ~ 1.36倍。通过建立属内和属间系统，我们阐明了氧化应激、膜通透性和能量代谢三者之间的协同相互作用，共同驱动ARG的传播。本工作在以往研究的基础上，通过DIBP诱导ARG偶联，建立了更全面的机理评价框架，即“氧化应激-膜透性-能量代谢”耦合模型。相关结果扩展了PAEs促进ARG从直链向支链异构体转移的特异性，代表了该领域从观察现象向系统机制分析的深入尝试。这些发现揭示了潜在的水生生态和公共卫生风险，最终为减轻pae诱导的抗生素耐药性传播提供了新的理论支持。

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引用次数: 0

Dispersed black carbon mediates intergenerational BDE-47 toxicity in zebrafish by regulating steroidogenesis: Attenuated parental toxicity with exacerbated offspring impairment 分散的黑碳通过调节甾体生成介导斑马鱼的BDE-47代际毒性：亲代毒性减弱，后代损伤加剧

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.013

Pan Yi , Jianqiu Chen , Hanxiao Han , Yuqing Liu , Shuo Yang , Guodong Kang , Ruixin Guo , Yanhua Liu

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are a class of long-lasting, high-risk contaminants in aquatic environments, and their toxicity is modulated by fluctuations in environmental factors. Dispersed black carbon (DBC) is a prevalent particulate matter in water bodies that exhibits a strong adsorption capacity, which can alter the bioavailability and toxicity of pollutants. This study investigated the intergenerational toxicity mechanisms of 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47), a representative POPs, through a 60-day exposure experiment. BDE-47 was administered at concentrations of 0, 2, 20, and 200 μg/L, with DBC at 0.5 mg/L, to assess its interference. The results demonstrate that DBC can adsorb BDE-47 efficiently, with an adsorption capacity of 34.6 mg/g, thereby modifying its bioavailability. Through a 60-day exposure experiment on adult zebrafish, we established that BDE-47 induces sex-specific toxicity. Females showed higher survival rates than males, but surviving females displayed more severe tissue damage and behavioral impairments. DBC-mediated adsorption mitigated the BDE-47-induced toxic effects in adult zebrafish via the modulation of steroidogenic pathways. Specifically, DBC increased gonad weight by 27.6 %, reduced the occurrence of atretic follicles, and elevated sperm count. At the molecular level, DBC alleviated the transcriptional dysregulation of key steroidogenic genes, notably upregulating the expression of Cyp17a1 and Star by approximately two-fold and three-fold, respectively. Conversely, in a 7-day assessment of offspring (F1), DBC enhanced the toxicity of BDE-47 in offspring, exacerbating tachycardia and behavioral disturbances in offspring fish. Based on evidence from gonadal histopathology, steroid synthesis gene dysregulation, and the behavioral phenotypes of the offspring, this study discovered the intergenerational paradox of particle-mediated POPs toxicity, namely that DBC reduces the bioavailability of BDE-47 in adult zebrafish but exacerbates intergenerational health risks. The research results emphasize that under the mediation of DBC, the persistent impact of POPs on aquatic ecosystems has intensified.

持久性有机污染物（POPs）是水生环境中一类持久、高风险的污染物，其毒性受环境因素波动的调节。分散黑碳（DBC）是水体中普遍存在的一种颗粒物质，具有很强的吸附能力，可以改变污染物的生物利用度和毒性。本研究通过一项为期60天的暴露实验，研究了具有代表性的持久性有机污染物2,2 ',4,4 ' -四溴二苯醚（BDE-47）的代际毒性机制。BDE-47分别以0、2、20、200 μg/L给药，DBC以0.5 mg/L给药，观察其干扰作用。结果表明，DBC可以有效吸附BDE-47，吸附量为34.6 mg/g，从而改变了其生物利用度。通过对成年斑马鱼的60天暴露实验，我们确定BDE-47具有性别特异性毒性。雌性的存活率高于雄性，但幸存的雌性表现出更严重的组织损伤和行为障碍。dbc介导的吸附通过调节甾体生成途径减轻了bde -47对成年斑马鱼的毒性作用。具体来说，DBC增加了27.6%的性腺重量，减少了闭锁卵泡的发生，并增加了精子数量。在分子水平上，DBC减轻了关键类固醇基因的转录失调，显著上调Cyp17a1和Star的表达，分别约为2倍和3倍。相反，在对后代的7天评估（F1）中，DBC增强了后代BDE-47的毒性，加剧了后代鱼的心动过速和行为障碍。基于性腺组织病理学、类固醇合成基因失调和后代行为表型的证据，本研究发现了颗粒介导的持久性有机污染物毒性的代际悖论，即DBC降低了成年斑马鱼体内BDE-47的生物利用度，但却加剧了代际健康风险。研究结果强调，在DBC的作用下，持久性有机污染物对水生生态系统的影响不断增强。

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引用次数: 0

Tissue distribution, accumulation, and biotransformation of butylated hydroxytoluene in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) 成年斑马鱼体内丁基羟基甲苯的组织分布、积累和生物转化（Danio rerio）

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.009

Jiachen Liu , Qingjian Meng , Huina Gao , Xuefang Liang , Zelin Li , Christopher J. Martyniuk

As a widely used synthetic phenolic antioxidant (SPA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) has been frequently detected in aquatic ecosystem. In organisms, BHT undergoes species-dependent biotransformation which can influence its toxicity. Despite data on its metabolism in mammals, tissue-specific distribution and bioaccumulation of BHT and its metabolites in fish remain unclear. In this study, adult zebrafish were exposed to 0.1 and 1 μM BHT for 21 days, followed by a 7-day depuration. BHT was rapidly degraded more than 50% within one day in the exposure solution, and BHT-OH was identified as the most abundant metabolite excreted from zebrafish. The highest concentration of BHT were observed in the liver and ovary with kinetic bioconcentration factors (BCF_k) over 2000 L/kg. However, the depuration half-life of BHT in different tissues was relatively short, ranging from 0.89 to 3.15 days. In contrast to the bioconcentration pattern of BHT, its metabolites were preferentially distributed in plasma due to their higher affinity to apolipoprotein A-I. BHT-CHO and BHT-Q were the dominant metabolites that readily accumulated in liver and brain, while BHT-COOH tended to deposit in the brain and ovary at high dose (1 μM) group. Compared with BHT, these toxic metabolites have a higher persistent potential in biological tissues. Our findings underscore the significance of considering the biotransformation in the toxic assessment of BHT congeners.

丁基羟基甲苯（BHT）是一种应用广泛的合成酚类抗氧化剂，在水生生态系统中被频繁检测到。在生物体中，BHT会发生依赖于物种的生物转化，从而影响其毒性。尽管有其在哺乳动物中的代谢数据，但BHT及其代谢物在鱼类中的组织特异性分布和生物积累尚不清楚。在这项研究中，成年斑马鱼暴露于0.1和1 μM BHT 21天，然后净化7天。在暴露溶液中，BHT在一天内迅速降解50%以上，BHT- oh被鉴定为斑马鱼排泄的最丰富的代谢物。BHT在肝脏和卵巢中浓度最高，动态生物浓度因子（BCFk）大于2000 L/kg。而BHT在不同组织中的降解半衰期相对较短，为0.89 ~ 3.15天。与BHT的生物浓度模式相反，由于其与载脂蛋白A-I的亲和力较高，其代谢物优先分布在血浆中。BHT-CHO和BHT-Q是主要代谢物，易于在肝脏和脑内积累，而BHT-COOH在高剂量（1 μM）组倾向于在脑和卵巢内沉积。与BHT相比，这些有毒代谢物在生物组织中具有更高的持久潜力。我们的研究结果强调了在BHT同系物毒性评估中考虑生物转化的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Endophytic bacteria and fungi from atmospheric mercury bioindicator Tillandsia usneoides (Spanish moss) alleviate mercury stress and promote plant growth 大气汞生物指示剂西班牙苔的内生细菌和真菌缓解汞胁迫，促进植物生长

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.004

Yuanqin Gao , Bingcai Xiong , Xiaoyu Huang , Xingyue Sun , Hongxia Du , Ming Ma , Feng Luo

Gaseous elemental mercury (Hg⁰) poses significant risks to ecosystems due to its high volatility and bioavailability. However, it remains largely unknown how the endophytes of Tillandsia usneoides (Spanish moss), a biological indicator responds to Hg⁰. In this study, after 14 days of exposure to the vapor from 0.22 mL of liquid Hg⁰, T. usneoides accumulated a markedly elevated Hg content of 164, 900 ± 28, 900 μg kg⁻¹. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS genes revealed that Hg⁰ exposure significantly reduced the α-diversity of endophytic bacteria and altered the β-diversity of both bacterial and fungal communities. Under Hg⁰ stress, taxonomic shifts included increased relative abundances of Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, and Acidiella. Functional predictions further indicated upregulated expression of key enzymes involved in Hg detoxification and antioxidant defense, such as mercuric reductase (MerA), glutathione S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). From Hg⁰-exposed T. usneoides, we isolated five endophytic bacteria (Staphylococcus sp. L3, Pseudomonas sp. L9, Enterobacter L19, Enterobacter L6, Bacillus LE) and two fungi (Aspergillus G1, G2), all of which demonstrated strong Hg²⁺ transformation and tolerance. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) confirmed morphological adaptations and Hg enrichment on microbial surfaces. Foliar inoculation with strains L6, LE, and G2 significantly alleviated Hg⁰-induced growth inhibition in Arabidopsis thaliana, enhancing biomass, leaf/root length, and root surface area, while mitigating auxin suppression. Overall, this study clarifies how T. usneoides endophytes respond to Hg⁰ and highlights their promising role in microbial-assisted phytoremediation of Hg⁰ pollution.

气态单质汞（Hg0）由于其高挥发性和生物利用度，对生态系统构成重大风险。然而，作为一种生物指标，西班牙苔藓的内生菌对Hg0的反应尚不清楚。在本研究中，暴露于0.22 mL液态Hg0蒸汽14天后，美国金银花的汞含量显著升高，为164,900±28,900 μg kg−1。16S rRNA和ITS基因高通量测序结果显示，Hg0暴露显著降低了内生细菌α-多样性，改变了细菌和真菌群落的β-多样性。在h0胁迫下，分类变化包括假单胞菌、肠杆菌和酸化菌的相对丰度增加。功能预测进一步表明，参与汞解毒和抗氧化防御的关键酶，如汞还原酶（MerA）、谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的表达上调。从暴露于Hg2+的usneides中分离出5种内生细菌（Staphylococcus sp. L3、Pseudomonas sp. L9、Enterobacter L19、Enterobacter L6、Bacillus LE）和2种真菌（Aspergillus G1、G2），均表现出较强的Hg2+转化和耐受性。扫描电镜（SEM）和能谱（EDS）证实了微生物表面的形态适应和汞富集。叶片接种菌株L6、LE和G2显著缓解了hg0诱导的拟南芥生长抑制，增加了生物量、叶/根长和根表面积，同时减轻了生长素的抑制。总之，本研究阐明了T. usneides内生菌对Hg0的响应机制，并强调了它们在微生物辅助植物修复Hg0污染中的重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Early-pregnancy exposure to persistent organic pollutants and bile acid alterations in relation to gestational glucose–lipid homeostasis 妊娠早期暴露于持久性有机污染物和胆汁酸改变与妊娠糖脂稳态的关系

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.028

Sisi Wang , Lan Chen , Xiaopan Wu , Yatao Wu , Lei Zhang , Xin Liu , Yu Wang , Jingguang Li , Shen Wen , Jing Huang , Yongning Wu

Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) are globally distributed, bioaccumulative chemicals that are increasingly implicated as environmental contributors to metabolic toxicity; however, the mechanistic pathways underlying their effects during early pregnancy remain poorly characterized. In this maternal cohort study, high-resolution mass spectrometry revealed that women with early metabolic abnormalities carried higher serum burdens of several POP congeners, with polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs; e.g., BDE-153, BDE-154) and polychlorinated biphenyl-52 (PCB-52) showing the most consistent elevations. Targeted metabolomics further identified marked alterations in bile acid profiles: putatively protective bile acids such as glycoursodeoxycholic acid (GUDCA) (2.32 vs. 2.79 ng/mL, P < 0.05) and glycochenodeoxycholic acid (GCDCA) (2.32 vs. 4.77 ng/mL, P < 0.05) were depleted in women with early metabolic abnormalities compared with those without, whereas taurine-conjugated species, including tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA), were elevated. Correlation analyses revealed inverse associations between brominated congeners and conjugated bile acids (e.g., BDE-154 with TUDCA, r = −0.29, P < 0.001), whereas PCB-52 was positively associated with serum cholesterol levels. In mediation analyses, GUDCA and TUDCA jointly mediated up to 24 % of the association between PBDEs and dysregulated glucose metabolism, sulfated bile acids mediated 21–25 % of PBDE–triglyceride associations and norcholic acid (NorCA) accounted for 19 % of the PCB-52–cholesterol relationship. These findings provide human evidence that maternal POP exposure is associated with perturbations in bile acid metabolism that may contribute to impaired glucose–lipid homeostasis during early pregnancy, and highlight bile acids as mechanistic mediators and potential early biomarkers of pollutant-induced metabolic toxicity.

持久性有机污染物（POPs）是全球分布的、具有生物蓄积性的化学品，越来越多地被认为是代谢性毒性的环境因素；然而，其在妊娠早期影响的机制途径仍不清楚。在这项母体队列研究中，高分辨率质谱分析显示，早期代谢异常的女性血清中几种POP同系物的负荷较高，其中多溴联苯醚（PBDEs，如BDE-153、BDE-154）和多氯联苯-52 （PCB-52）的升高最为一致。靶向代谢组学进一步确定了胆汁酸谱的显著变化：与没有早期代谢异常的女性相比，早期代谢异常的女性中，被认为具有保护作用的胆汁酸，如糖醛酸去氧胆酸（GUDCA）（2.32 vs. 2.79 ng/mL, P < 0.05）和糖醛酸去氧胆酸（GCDCA）（2.32 vs. 4.77 ng/mL, P < 0.05）减少，而牛磺酸结合的物种，包括牛磺酸去氧胆酸（TUDCA），则升高。相关分析显示溴化同源物与共轭胆汁酸呈负相关（例如，BDE-154与TUDCA， r = - 0.29, P < 0.001），而PCB-52与血清胆固醇水平呈正相关。在中介分析中，GUDCA和TUDCA共同介导了高达24%的多溴二苯酯和糖代谢失调之间的关联，硫酸胆汁酸介导了21 - 25%的多溴二苯酯甘油三酯关联，去胆酸（NorCA）介导了19%的多溴二苯酯-52 -胆固醇关系。这些发现提供了人类证据，证明母体POP暴露与胆汁酸代谢紊乱有关，胆汁酸代谢紊乱可能导致妊娠早期糖脂稳态受损，并强调胆汁酸是污染物诱导代谢毒性的机制介质和潜在的早期生物标志物。

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引用次数: 0

Tyre-derived ecotoxicity: Differentiating the effects from particles and chemical leachates on the blue mussel Mytilus edulis 轮胎衍生的生态毒性：区分颗粒和化学渗滤液对蓝贻贝的影响

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.003

M. Elisabetta Michelangeli , Steven Brooks , Sebastian Kuehr , Emelie Forsman , Elisabeth S. Rødland , Sicco H. Brandsma , Maria Margalef , Manuel Heinzelmann , Davide Spanu , Jan Thomas Rundberget , Tânia Gomes

Tyre particles contain complex chemical additives that can leach out into the aquatic environment, posing potential risks to marine organisms. Despite growing evidence of adverse effects, the relative importance of particle-driven versus chemically mediated toxicity remains poorly explored, especially under environmentally relevant exposure scenarios. This study used the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) as a model to differentiate these effects by exposing individuals to cryomilled tyre particles (TP), their leachates (L) and pre-leached particles (TPL) over 36 days at the environmentally relevant concentration of 0.1 g/L. Chemical analysis confirmed uptake of key organic additives such as poly(1,2-dihydro-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline) (TMQ), N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD), and 6PPD-quinone (6PPDQ), with certain compounds persisting after depuration. Particle-exposed mussels accumulated higher additive concentrations than those exposed to only leachates, indicating enhanced chemical release from particles. Biomarker responses revealed signs of oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in exposed mussels across all treatments, with earlier responses in leachate exposure and delayed responses during particle exposures. These results demonstrate that chemical additives are key toxicity drivers alongside physical particles, highlighting the importance of considering both pathways in environmental risk assessments. To our knowledge, this study is among the first to experimentally separate particle and leachate specific effects in mussels by using tyre particles before and after leaching to create contrasting chemical loads, thereby providing novel insights into their distinct and combined impacts on marine biota.

轮胎颗粒含有复杂的化学添加剂，可以渗透到水生环境中，对海洋生物构成潜在风险。尽管有越来越多的不利影响的证据，但颗粒驱动与化学介导的毒性的相对重要性仍未得到充分探讨，特别是在与环境有关的暴露情景下。本研究以蓝贻贝（Mytilus edulis）为模型，在环境相关浓度为0.1 g/L的条件下，将个体暴露于冷磨轮胎颗粒（TP）、渗滤液(L)和预浸颗粒（TPL）超过36天，以区分这些影响。化学分析证实了主要的有机添加剂，如聚（1,2-二氢-2,2,4-三甲基喹啉）（TMQ）、N-（1,3-二甲基丁基）-N ' -苯基-对苯二胺（6PPD）和6PPD-醌（6PPDQ）的吸收，某些化合物在净化后仍存在。接触颗粒的贻贝比只接触渗滤液的贻贝积累了更高的添加剂浓度，表明颗粒释放的化学物质增加。在所有处理中，暴露贻贝的生物标志物反应显示出氧化应激和神经毒性的迹象，暴露在渗滤液中的反应较早，暴露在颗粒中的反应较晚。这些结果表明，化学添加剂与物理颗粒一起是关键的毒性驱动因素，强调了在环境风险评估中考虑这两种途径的重要性。据我们所知，这项研究是第一个通过实验分离颗粒和渗滤液对贻贝的特定影响的研究之一，通过在浸出前后使用轮胎颗粒来产生对比的化学负荷，从而为它们对海洋生物群的独特和综合影响提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0