Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology最新文献

Polystyrene microplastics modulation of hexavalent chromium toxicity in quails: transcriptomic and toxicological insights 聚苯乙烯微塑料对鹌鹑六价铬毒性的调节：转录组学和毒理学见解

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.021

Dongfang Liu , Kaiwei Song , Miaomiao Li , Biqi Han , Zhanjun Lv , Jiayi Li , Siyu Li , Jingjing Lu , Shuke Ji , Jiatong Ma , Zhigang Zhang

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a globally recognized carcinogen that can lead to kidney toxicity. Microplastics (MPs) pollution is a serious environmental problem. The presence of Cr(VI) and MPs in the environment not only affects the ecological environment, but also impacts the health of humans and animals. Renal fibrosis represents a frequent final manifestation across a spectrum of chronic kidney conditions. This study aims to investigate whether chronic exposure to Cr(VI) and/or polystyrene (PS) promotes renal injury by altering fatty acid metabolism and energy metabolism, and inducing fibrotic responses. This study established a chronic co-exposure model in quails by simultaneously exposing them to Cr(VI) via drinking water and PS via oral gavage for 12 consecutive weeks. Experiments in vivo and transcriptome sequencing were performed to screen genes for analysis. The research results show that quails exposed to Cr(VI) and PS exhibited abnormal renal lipid and energy metabolism, leading to severe renal fibrosis. Overall, chronic exposure to PS exacerbates renal fibrosis process via promoting lipid dysregulation induced by Cr(VI) in quails. This study enriches the mechanism of nephrotoxicity induced by environmental PS-MPs and Cr(VI) contamination and contributes to the exploration of new preventive and therapeutic strategies.

六价铬（Cr(VI)）是全球公认的可导致肾毒性的致癌物。微塑料污染是一个严重的环境问题。环境中Cr（VI）和MPs的存在不仅影响生态环境，而且影响人类和动物的健康。肾纤维化是一种常见的慢性肾脏疾病的最终表现。本研究旨在探讨慢性暴露于Cr（VI）和/或聚苯乙烯（PS）是否通过改变脂肪酸代谢和能量代谢以及诱导纤维化反应来促进肾损伤。本研究建立鹌鹑慢性共暴露模型，通过饮水同时暴露于Cr(VI)，并通过灌胃同时暴露于PS，连续12周。通过体内实验和转录组测序筛选基因进行分析。研究结果表明，暴露于Cr（VI）和PS的鹌鹑出现肾脏脂质和能量代谢异常，导致严重的肾脏纤维化。总体而言，长期暴露于PS通过促进Cr（VI）诱导的鹌鹑脂质失调而加剧肾纤维化过程。本研究丰富了环境PS-MPs和Cr（VI）污染引起肾毒性的机制，有助于探索新的防治策略。

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引用次数: 0

Development of multifunctional Fe3O4@SiO₂@Ag@Ag2O nanocomposite for paraben detection and Pseudo-Fenton catalytic degradation 用于对羟基苯甲酸酯检测和伪芬顿催化降解的多功能Fe3O4@SiO₂@Ag@Ag2O纳米复合材料的研制

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.024

Fatemeh Behipour , Maryam Abbasi Tarighat , Gholamreza Abdi , Charalampos Proestos

Multifunctional Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Ag@Ag₂ONCs was synthesized for its dual ability as a colorimetric sensor for detection and Fenton-like catalytic degradation of parabens. The biosynthesis of Ag@Ag₂ONCs performed using algae extracts. The nanocomposite uses the synergistic advantage of the magnetic properties of Fe₃O₄ and the catalytic activity of Ag@Ag₂O, thereby increasing the efficiency of hydroxyl radicals. The Fenton-like mechanism employed in this work operates efficiently at an alkaline pH (pH 8), enhancing the oxidation of parabens using H₂O₂. Kinetic measurements were completed within 10 min, which showed the excellent catalytic properties of composite. The method provided 3.0–40.0, 4.0–100.0, 4.0–100.0 and 8.0–100.0 μM linear dynamic ranges with detection limits of 0.85, 1.02, 2.5, and 2.47 μM for methylparaben (MP), butylparaben (BP), propylparaben (PP) and benzyl paraben (BenzylP), respectively. The kinetic profiles well fit the pseudo-first-order model. The apparent rate constant value of 3.0 × 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ for BenzylP, PP, and BP and 4.0 × 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ for MP was obtained. Therefore, the method was also used for the quantification of parabens in (spiked) seawater and algae samples, and well recovery values were obtained. The results showed that the Fe₃O₄@SiO₂@Ag@Ag₂ONCs can efficiently degrade parabens in real samples, such as seawater and algae. Also, indirect confirmation experiments are used to investigate the production of OH. Spectrophotometric degradation of MP using NaBH₄ and methylene blue (MB) using H₂O₂ were performed in the presence and absence of the composite. Both degradations occurred very rapidly in the presence of the composite also the MB spectral shape changed. These results, together with the kinetic data, confirm the generation of OH in the proposed Fenton-like mechanism.

合成了多功能的Fe3O4@SiO2@Ag@Ag2ONCs，它具有检测对羟基苯甲酸酯的比色传感器和芬顿催化降解的双重能力。利用藻类提取物进行Ag@Ag2ONCs的生物合成。该纳米复合材料利用了Fe₃O₄的磁性和Ag@Ag₂O的催化活性的协同优势，从而提高了羟基自由基的效率。本研究中采用的类芬顿机制在碱性pH （pH 8）下有效运行，增强了H2O2对羟基苯甲酸酯的氧化。动力学测试在10 min内完成，表明复合材料具有良好的催化性能。对羟基苯甲酸甲酯（MP）、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯（BP）、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯（PP）和对羟基苯甲酸苄酯（BenzylP）的检出限分别为0.85、1.02、2.5和2.47 μM，线性动态范围为3.0 ~ 40.0、4.0 ~ 100.0、4.0 ~ 100.0和8.0 ~ 100.0 μM。动力学剖面与拟一阶模型拟合较好。得到苯基p、PP和BP的表观速率常数为3.0 × 10−4 s−1，MP的表观速率常数为4.0 × 10−4 s−1。因此，该方法也可用于（加标）海水和藻类样品中对羟基苯甲酸酯的定量，并获得了良好的回收率值。结果表明，Fe₃O₄@ sio₂@Ag@Ag₂ONCs能有效降解海水和藻类等实际样品中的对羟基苯甲酸酯类物质。此外，间接确认实验用于研究OH的产生。在存在和不存在该复合物的情况下，分别用NaBH4和H2O2分光光度法降解MP。在复合材料的存在下，这两种降解都发生得非常快，而且MB光谱形状也发生了变化。这些结果与动力学数据一起证实了在提出的类芬顿机制中羟基的生成。

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引用次数: 0

Critical evaluation of heavy metal exposure biological models: An insight from the current cadmium exposure toxicological research 重金属暴露生物学模型的关键评价：来自当前镉暴露毒理学研究的见解

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.007

Yigong Chen , Jie Liang , Jie Su , Fanxiang Jin , Lan Xu , Lei Peng , Alicja Wawszczak , Dorota Kołodyńska , Guiyuan Lv , Suhong Chen

The industrial development of modern society has unleashed Pandora's box of heavy-metal pollution. Shocking public pollution incidents, such as Minamata and cadmium-induced Itai-itai diseases, have drawn public attention to the importance of preventing and controlling heavy metal pollution. To clarify the circumstances, pathways and mechanisms of heavy metal effects on organisms, scientists have undertaken a series of multidimensional explorations. These investigations have significantly advanced our knowledge of the hazards associated with heavy metal exposure and the development of potential mitigation strategies. However, many scientific experiments have employed biologically unrealistic modeling methods, which can amplify certain safety risks to some extent, even affecting safety-related decision making and leading to the spread of anxiety and panic. Taking cadmium as a representative example, heavy metal exposure involves variations in their types, individual biological variability, and variations in ‘dose-response relationship’ which makes it inherently complex; thus, it is destined to be an incredibly intricate scientific issue.

现代社会的工业发展释放了重金属污染的潘多拉魔盒。令人震惊的公众污染事件，如水俣和镉引发的意大利病，引起了公众对预防和控制重金属污染的重要性的关注。为了弄清重金属对生物体影响的环境、途径和机制，科学家们进行了一系列多维度的探索。这些调查大大提高了我们对与重金属接触有关的危害的认识，并制定了潜在的缓解战略。然而，许多科学实验采用了生物学上不现实的建模方法，这在一定程度上放大了某些安全风险，甚至影响了安全相关的决策，导致焦虑和恐慌的蔓延。以镉为例，重金属暴露涉及其类型的变化、个体生物学变异性以及“剂量-反应关系”的变化，这使其具有内在的复杂性；因此，这注定是一个极其复杂的科学问题。

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引用次数: 0

Acetochlor alters hunger adaptation in lizards (Eremias argus): Metabolic strategy shifts under energy crisis 乙草胺改变了蜥蜴的饥饿适应：能量危机下代谢策略的转变

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.005

Yue Zhang , Simin Yu , Yufan Nie , Yuping Liu , Zikang Wang , Ning Zhang , Dier Song , Wentao Zhu , Zhiqiang Zhou , Jinling Diao

The application of the herbicide exerts detrimental effects on wild reptiles through direct toxicological impacts and indirect food scarcity mediated via the food chain. This study investigated the effects of acetochlor on the physiological ability of lizards (Eremias argus) to cope with food restrictions. To explore, a 70-day crossover experiment was designed involving exposure to different concentrations of acetochlor (0, 2.0, 10.0 mg·kg⁻¹) combined with different feeding regimes (food restriction/food unrestriction treatments). The growth performance, behavior, physiological and biochemical indicators, and energy metabolism related endpoints of lizards were evaluated. Lizards usually adopt conservative strategies when dealing with food restrictions, manifested by converting energy metabolism into lipid metabolism, generating a large amount of ketone bodies to supply energy to the body, thereby reducing physiological investment and unnecessary behavior. Acetochlor disrupts lipid metabolism in lizards. Acetochlor and food restrictions lead to increased immune, detoxification, and oxidative stress responses inputs in lizards. However, the lack of energy-rich substances resulted in poor adaptation among the lizards, leading to a significant increase in mortality rates. Our work emphasises that herbicides not only threaten wildlife through direct toxicity but also undermine their ability to withstand natural environmental challenges.

除草剂的使用通过直接毒理学影响和通过食物链介导的间接食物短缺对野生爬行动物产生有害影响。本研究研究了乙草胺对蜥蜴（Eremias argus）应对食物限制的生理能力的影响。为此，设计了一项为期70天的交叉实验，包括暴露于不同浓度的乙草胺（0、2.0、10.0 mg·kg - 1），并结合不同的喂养方式（食物限制/食物不限制处理）。对蜥蜴的生长性能、行为、生理生化指标和能量代谢相关终点进行了评价。蜥蜴在处理食物限制时通常采取保守策略，表现为将能量代谢转化为脂质代谢，产生大量酮体为机体供能，从而减少生理投入和不必要的行为。乙草胺破坏蜥蜴的脂质代谢。乙草胺和食物限制导致蜥蜴的免疫、解毒和氧化应激反应输入增加。然而，缺乏能量丰富的物质导致蜥蜴的适应能力差，导致死亡率显著增加。我们的工作强调，除草剂不仅通过直接毒性威胁野生动物，而且还破坏了它们抵御自然环境挑战的能力。

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引用次数: 0

Human dermal exposure to tetrabromobisphenol A and hexabromocyclododecanes in hand wipes: Effects of population, gender, and haze pollution 手部湿巾中人体皮肤暴露于四溴双酚A和六溴环十二烷：人群、性别和雾霾污染的影响

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.023

Chunyou Zhu , Xiang He , Zhiguo Cao , Yuxin Sun , Beibei Hu , Yu Liu , Jiawen Zhang , Xiaojun Luo , Liangzhong Li , Haoran Yuan

Dermal exposure to tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) and hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCDDs) in humans remains insufficiently characterized. To address this gap, hand wipe samples were collected from individuals in four occupational groups, and the concentrations of TBBPA and HBCDDs were analyzed to estimate both skin absorption and oral intake risks. The median TBBPA concentrations in hand wipes from office employees, undergraduates, taxi chauffeurs, and security guards were 30,700, 11,200, 22,800, and 21,400 ng/m², respectively. These levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those of ∑HBCDDs, which measured 1723, 919, 1710, and 1020 ng/m², respectively. Undergraduates exhibited the lowest levels, likely due to their non-professional characteristics, relatively cleaner living environment, and low exposure frequency with contaminated particles. A negative linear correlation was found between the natural logarithm of brominated flame retardants (BFRs) concentrations (LnC_BFRs) and atmospheric PM_2.5, PM₁₀, and AQI levels, although no significant difference emerged between light and heavy haze conditions. The median dermal absorption doses of TBBPA and ∑HBCDDs were 80.6 and 6.03 ng/kg bw/day, respectively, which were several to dozen times higher than the corresponding oral intake via hand-to-mouth contact (13.4 and 1.05 ng/kg bw/day). These results underscore hand skin as a major exposure pathway for TBBPA and HBCDDs and provide critical insights into their potential health risks in diverse populations.

人类皮肤暴露于四溴双酚A （TBBPA）和六溴环十二烷（HBCDDs）仍未充分表征。为了解决这一差距，研究人员从四个职业群体中收集了手部擦拭样本，并分析了TBBPA和HBCDDs的浓度，以估计皮肤吸收和口服摄入风险。办公室员工、大学生、出租车司机和保安的擦手巾中TBBPA浓度中位数分别为30,700、11,200、22,800和21,400 ng/m2。这些水平显著高于∑HBCDDs的1723、919、1710和1020 ng/m2 （p < 0.05）。大学生的污染水平最低，这可能与他们的非专业特征、相对清洁的生活环境和较低的污染颗粒暴露频率有关。溴化阻燃剂（BFRs）浓度（LnCBFRs）的自然对数与大气PM2.5、PM10和AQI水平呈负线性相关，尽管轻霾和重霾条件之间没有显着差异。TBBPA和∑HBCDDs的中位皮肤吸收剂量分别为80.6和6.03 ng/kg bw/d，比相应的手口接触口服吸收剂量（13.4和1.05 ng/kg bw/d）高几十倍。这些结果强调手部皮肤是TBBPA和HBCDDs的主要暴露途径，并为不同人群的潜在健康风险提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

From molecules to outcome: A network toxicology analysis and adverse outcome pathway for 6-PPDQ-induced metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease 从分子到结局：6- ppdq诱导的代谢功能障碍相关脂肪肝的网络毒理学分析和不良结局途径

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.010

Xin Wan , Yifei Fang , Huan Liu , Dayu Hu , Jie Li , Tianyi Zhang , Yiru Niu , Sheng Yang , Dayong Wang , Geyu Liang

6-PPDQ readily accumulates in the liver, disrupting hepatic glucose and lipid homeostasis and precipitating liver injury. Whether it can also trigger the chronic metabolic disease metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) remains unknown. Here we integrate network toxicology with molecular docking to explore the possibility that 6-PPDQ induces MAFLD and the underlying toxicity targets and molecular mechanisms. By mining public toxicological and disease databases we identified 45 target genes associated with 6-PPDQ and MAFLD. STRING and Cytoscape analyses pinpointed four hub genes—TNF, IL1B, IL6 and TP53. In addition, GEO datasets GSE63067 and GSE89632 were used to define the key phenotypes involved. Construction of a 6-PPDQ-genes-phenotypes-MAFLD network revealed the potential core targets, biological processes and pathways. Single gene GSEA indicated that these hubs modulate downstream hypoxia, inflammation, apoptosis and fatty acid metabolism, thereby influencing MAFLD progression, while molecular docking confirmed stable binding between the hubs and 6-PPDQ. Finally, we assembled an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) framework from 6-PPDQ to MAFLD. Our findings not only deepen understanding of 6-PPDQ toxicity but also provide a methodological template for assessing adverse health outcomes of emerging environmental pollutants.

6-PPDQ很容易在肝脏中积累，破坏肝脏葡萄糖和脂质稳态，加速肝损伤。它是否也能引发慢性代谢性疾病代谢功能障碍相关脂肪性肝病（MAFLD）尚不清楚。本研究将网络毒理学与分子对接相结合，探讨6-PPDQ诱导mald的可能性及其潜在的毒性靶点和分子机制。通过挖掘公共毒理学和疾病数据库，我们确定了45个与6-PPDQ和MAFLD相关的靶基因。STRING和Cytoscape分析确定了四个中心基因- tnf， IL1B， IL6和TP53。此外，使用GEO数据集GSE63067和GSE89632来定义相关的关键表型。6- ppdq -基因-表型- mafld网络的构建揭示了潜在的核心靶点、生物学过程和途径。单基因GSEA表明这些枢纽调节下游缺氧、炎症、凋亡和脂肪酸代谢，从而影响MAFLD的进展，而分子对接证实枢纽与6-PPDQ之间的稳定结合。最后，我们组装了一个从6-PPDQ到MAFLD的不良结果通路（AOP）框架。我们的发现不仅加深了对6-PPDQ毒性的理解，而且为评估新兴环境污染物的不良健康后果提供了方法模板。

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引用次数: 0

Towards sustainable management of riverine ecosystems: Variability of microplastic diversity and distribution patterns in ecosystem compartments 迈向河流生态系统的可持续管理：生态系统隔间中微塑料多样性和分布模式的可变性

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.027

Lina Cao , Zhenxing Zhang , Jörg Rinklebe , Michael S. Bank , Hongyong Xiang

As emerging contaminants, microplastic (MP) pollution in freshwater environments has received increasing attention due to their potential hazardous effects on human and environmental health. However, there is still limited understanding on variability of MP diversity and distribution patterns in riverine ecosystem compartments and field data are also lacking. This has hindered understanding and science-based information regarding mechanisms of fate and transport in freshwater environments. Hence, our study focused on reporting variability of MP diversity and distribution patterns in riverine ecosystem compartments. By undertaking MP community analyses, we found that distribution and variation in MP characteristics and communities among ecosystem compartments differed significantly. Moreover, structural characteristics of MP communities across compartments were distinct but not fully isolated, reflecting a balance between dispersion and niche differentiation (environmental filtering). Specifically, surface water and sediments mainly accumulated a greater abundance of smaller-sized, low-density, and fibrous MPs. MP distribution patterns were similar and mainly affected by population density, flow velocity, and precipitation. The distance-decay relationship of MP communities in surface water was stronger (p < 0.001) compared to sediments and soils. The longitudinal connectivity of the river, input of pollution sources and tributaries also facilitated transport of MP particles. Meanwhile, the retention of MPs in sediment was significantly influenced by MP characteristics and sediment grain size; and higher observed diversity (1.82) and abundance of MPs (130.32 items/kg) deposited in sediment also suggested continuous accumulation. The transport of MPs in riparian soils revealed a preference via vertical pathways and to adjacent sites. Considering limited transport capacity and significant correlations between topsoil and water/sediment, riparian soil may act as a potential long-term sink for river MPs. Our case-specific results are analyzed within a wider framework to further understand fate and transport dynamics of MPs within global riverine ecosystems.

淡水环境中的微塑料污染作为一种新兴污染物，因其对人类健康和环境健康的潜在危害而受到越来越多的关注。然而，目前对河流生态系统区间多聚体多样性的变异性和分布格局的认识仍然有限，也缺乏实地资料。这阻碍了对淡水环境中命运和迁移机制的理解和基于科学的信息。因此，我们的研究重点是报告河流生态系统区室中MP多样性和分布模式的变异性。通过群落分析，我们发现不同生态区间的群落特征和分布差异显著。此外，不同区室的MP群落结构特征不同，但并非完全隔离，反映了分散和生态位分化（环境过滤）之间的平衡。具体来说，地表水和沉积物主要积聚了大量的小尺寸、低密度和纤维状MPs。MP分布格局相似，主要受种群密度、流速和降水量的影响。与沉积物和土壤相比，地表水中MP群落的距离衰减关系更强（p < 0.001）。河流的纵向连通性、污染源和支流的输入也促进了颗粒物的运输。同时，MPs在沉积物中的滞留量受MPs特性和沉积物粒度的显著影响；沉积物中MPs的多样性（1.82项/kg）和丰度（130.32项/kg）均为连续积累。MPs在河岸土壤中的运输显示出通过垂直途径和邻近地点的偏好。考虑到有限的运输能力和表土与水/沉积物之间的显著相关性，河岸土壤可能作为河流MPs的潜在长期汇。我们在更广泛的框架内分析了具体案例的结果，以进一步了解全球河流生态系统中MPs的命运和运输动态。

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引用次数: 0

Interactions between regenerative strategies and edaphic, climatic and topographic factors mediate mitigation or exacerbation of soil and crop toxicity in global cadmium contaminated lands 再生战略与土壤、气候和地形因素之间的相互作用介导了全球镉污染土地上土壤和作物毒性的缓解或加剧

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.006

Shahid Iqbal , Jianchu Xu , Fiona Ruth Worthy , Muhammad Saleem Arif , Awais Shakoor , YunJu Li

Cadmium (Cd) contamination in agroecosystems is a global concern, due to its negative influence on soil health and crop performance. Regenerative strategies have been widely recognised as vital to improve soil quality and crop yields. Yet strategies are needed that also mitigate rather than exacerbate the impacts of Cd contamination. In this context, interactions between regenerative strategies, and edaphic, climatic and topographic factors are poorly understood. This study presents a meta-analysis with effect size statistics, evaluating the interactions between regenerative strategies (biochar, manure and compost), non- regenerative strategies (sewage-sludge and fertilizer), soil properties (pH, SOM and Cd levels), climatic factors (temperature and precipitation), and elevation. In acidic or high SOM soils, fertilizer increased Cd uptake by 50% to 76%. However, biochar or compost addition in these soils reduced Cd uptake. Under high Cd contamination, biochar application increased shoot biomass, but fertilizer application decreased shoot-biomass. The application of fertilizer or sewage-sludge under higher temperatures increased Cd uptake, whereas biochar reduced Cd uptake. At wet sites, fertilizer addition increased soil Cd accumulation. At high elevations, biochar was more effective than manure at reducing Cd accumulation. We conclude that there are complex interactions between regenerative strategies and environmental conditions; determining impacts on soil and crop health. The interactions between environmental factors and use of sewage-sludge or fertilizer could exacerbate soil and plant Cd toxicity. Regenerative strategies, especially biochar, could mitigate Cd toxicity in agroecosystems.

由于镉对土壤健康和作物生产性能的负面影响，农业生态系统中的镉污染是一个全球关注的问题。再生策略已被广泛认为是改善土壤质量和作物产量的关键。然而，需要一些策略来减轻而不是加剧镉污染的影响。在这种情况下，人们对再生策略与地理、气候和地形因素之间的相互作用知之甚少。本研究采用效应量统计进行meta分析，评估再生策略（生物炭、粪肥和堆肥）、非再生策略（污水污泥和肥料）、土壤特性（pH、SOM和Cd水平）、气候因素（温度和降水）和海拔之间的相互作用。在酸性或高SOM土壤中，肥料使镉吸收增加50% ~ 76%。然而，在这些土壤中添加生物炭或堆肥会降低镉的吸收。在高镉污染条件下，施用生物炭提高了地上部生物量，施用化肥降低了地上部生物量。在较高温度下施用化肥或污泥增加了镉的吸收，而生物炭则降低了镉的吸收。在湿地，施肥增加了土壤Cd的积累。在高海拔地区，生物炭比粪肥更有效地减少镉的积累。我们得出结论，再生策略与环境条件之间存在复杂的相互作用；确定对土壤和作物健康的影响。环境因子与污泥或肥料利用之间的相互作用会加剧土壤和植物的镉毒性。再生策略，特别是生物炭，可以减轻农业生态系统中的镉毒性。

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引用次数: 0

Strobilurin fungicides in four wastewater treatment plants and the receiving river in Guangzhou, China: Occurrence, fate, and ecological risk 中国广州4个污水处理厂和接收河流中的Strobilurin杀菌剂：发生、命运和生态风险

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.012

Zhilei Liu , Xiang Zhong , Xuan Zeng , Yuxian Liu , Yanmei Wu , Yongxin Mai , Yiping Feng , Yanpeng Cai , Zhihao Xu , Qingping Du , Jingchuan Xue

Strobilurin fungicides (SFs), a class of novel pesticides extensively applied in agricultural production, have raised growing concerns because of their escalating usage and persistent environmental presence. This study investigated the occurrence, fate, mass balance, and ecological risks of SFs in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in a megacity in southern China, Guangzhou. Nineteen SFs were detected in the aqueous phase, suspended particulate matter, sludge and surface water. The concentrations of individual SFs in the influent were determined to be 0.04–13.9 ng/L. In the effluent, their concentrations decreased to 0.01–7.68 ng/L. The average removal efficiency for individual SFs varied between −19% and 93% across the WWTPs, indicating that a considerable proportion of these contaminants may not be fully eliminated through the current processing technologies. Analysis of mass balance as well as parent-metabolite pairs in different processing units in the WWTPs indicate the generation of unknown transformation products in the treatment system, suggesting neglected environmental burden of SFs. Mass balance analysis also revealed that the daily mass loads of the individual SFs ranged from 1.04 mg/d to 20,384 mg/d, with per-capita emissions spanning 0.01–8.43 mg/d/1000 persons. Risk assessment showed that the pyraclostrobin, famoxadone, and azoxystrobin in the effluent could pose moderate ecological risks for the aquatic environment. These findings demonstrate that WWTP effluents serve as critical pathways for SFs into aquatic environments, and conventional treatment cannot fully mitigate their ecological risks.

Strobilurin杀菌剂（SFs）是一类广泛应用于农业生产的新型农药，由于其不断增加的使用和持续的环境存在而引起越来越多的关注。本研究调查了中国南方大城市广州4个污水处理厂（WWTPs）中SFs的发生、命运、质量平衡和生态风险。在水相、悬浮颗粒物、污泥和地表水中检测到19种SFs。测定进水中单个SFs的浓度为0.04 ~ 13.9 ng/L。出水浓度降至0.01 ~ 7.68 ng/L。各个污水处理厂对单个SFs的平均去除率在- 19%到93%之间，这表明通过目前的处理技术可能无法完全消除相当大比例的这些污染物。对污水处理厂中不同处理单元的质量平衡和亲本代谢物对的分析表明，在处理系统中产生了未知的转化产物，表明SFs的环境负担被忽视。质量平衡分析还显示，个体sf的日质量负荷范围为1.04 mg/d至20384 mg/d，人均排放量为0.01-8.43 mg/d/1000人。风险评估结果表明，出水中吡咯菌酯、法莫沙酮和偶氮菌酯对水生环境构成中度生态风险。这些研究结果表明，污水处理厂出水是SFs进入水生环境的重要途径，常规处理不能完全减轻其生态风险。

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引用次数: 0

Personalized oxidative toxicity exposure assessment: Unveiling feasibility of linking respiratory PM10 oxidative potential to human oxidative damage 个性化氧化毒性暴露评估：揭示呼吸道PM10氧化潜能与人体氧化损伤联系的可行性

IF 8.2 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.032

Ying-Jie Zhang , Ting-Ting Xu , Jing-Feng Yi , Yu-Ling Luan , Eddy Y. Zeng , Ying Guo

Atmospheric particulate matter-driven oxidative stress is a crucial benchmark in evaluating health risk, yet the direct evidence linking environmental oxidability to human internal oxidative damage remains elusive. Here, we systematically quantified oxidative potential (OP) in respirable size-segregated PM₁₀ collected longitudinally from waste recycling plants in Southern China, and monitored oxidative damage to DNA, lipids and proteins in workers using biomarker techniques. By self-developed high-throughput microplate dithiothreitol (DTT) assay, we found that maximum OP values (both mass and volume normalized) were primarily derived from fine particles (0.43–0.65 μm), with 62 %–82 % of oxidability in pulmonary alveoli attributed to <2.1 μm fractions. Each unit increase (1 × 10¹⁶ spins/g) of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) was associated with 1.316 pmol/μg/min rise in OP^DTT_m. Critically, we introduced “respirable particle-bound oxidability (RPO)” metric, integrating OP with individualized respiratory rates to capture bioavailable exposure. Mixed-effect modeling revealed a robust association between that RPO and lipid peroxidation, with each 1 % increase correlating with a 2.92 % (95 % CI: 1.66 %, 4.17 %) increase in urinary malondialdehyde (MDA), particularly in pulmonary alveoli. While no significant effect is observed for DNA or protein oxidation. These findings successfully established the quantitative linkage between ambient PM oxidizing capacity and internal oxidative injury, highlighting RPO as an advanced metric for environmental risk assessment and offering new insight into the mechanistic evaluation of air pollution toxicity.

大气颗粒物驱动的氧化应激是评估健康风险的重要基准，但将环境氧化性与人体内部氧化损伤联系起来的直接证据仍然难以捉摸。在这里，我们系统地量化了从中国南方的废物回收厂纵向收集的可吸入大小分离PM10的氧化电位（OP），并使用生物标志物技术监测了工人DNA、脂质和蛋白质的氧化损伤。通过自主开发的高通量微孔板双硫苏糖醇（DTT）测定，我们发现最大OP值（质量和体积归一化）主要来自细颗粒（0.43-0.65 μm），肺泡中62% - 82%的氧化性归因于<；2.1 μm馏分。环境持久性自由基（EPFRs）每增加1 × 1016个旋转/g， OPDTT_m升高1.316 pmol/μg/min。重要的是，我们引入了“可吸入颗粒结合氧化性（RPO）”指标，将OP与个性化呼吸速率相结合，以捕获生物可利用性暴露。混合效应模型显示RPO与脂质过氧化之间存在强大的关联，每增加1%，尿丙二醛（MDA）增加2.92% (95% CI: 1.66%, 4.17%)，特别是在肺泡中。而对DNA或蛋白质氧化没有明显影响。这些发现成功地建立了环境PM氧化能力与内部氧化损伤之间的定量联系，突出了RPO作为环境风险评估的先进指标，并为空气污染毒性的机制评价提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0