Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Personalized oxidative toxicity exposure assessment: Unveiling feasibility of linking respiratory PM10 oxidative potential to human oxidative damage","authors":"Ying-Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting-Ting Xu ,&nbsp;Jing-Feng Yi ,&nbsp;Yu-Ling Luan ,&nbsp;Eddy Y. Zeng ,&nbsp;Ying Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric particulate matter-driven oxidative stress is a crucial benchmark in evaluating health risk, yet the direct evidence linking environmental oxidability to human internal oxidative damage remains elusive. Here, we systematically quantified oxidative potential (OP) in respirable size-segregated PM₁₀ collected longitudinally from waste recycling plants in Southern China, and monitored oxidative damage to DNA, lipids and proteins in workers using biomarker techniques. By self-developed high-throughput microplate dithiothreitol (DTT) assay, we found that maximum OP values (both mass and volume normalized) were primarily derived from fine particles (0.43–0.65 μm), with 62 %–82 % of oxidability in pulmonary alveoli attributed to &lt;2.1 μm fractions. Each unit increase (1 × 10¹⁶ spins/g) of environmentally persistent free radicals (EPFRs) was associated with 1.316 pmol/μg/min rise in OP^DTT_m. Critically, we introduced “respirable particle-bound oxidability (RPO)” metric, integrating OP with individualized respiratory rates to capture bioavailable exposure. Mixed-effect modeling revealed a robust association between that RPO and lipid peroxidation, with each 1 % increase correlating with a 2.92 % (95 % CI: 1.66 %, 4.17 %) increase in urinary malondialdehyde (MDA), particularly in pulmonary alveoli. While no significant effect is observed for DNA or protein oxidation. These findings successfully established the quantitative linkage between ambient PM oxidizing capacity and internal oxidative injury, highlighting RPO as an advanced metric for environmental risk assessment and offering new insight into the mechanistic evaluation of air pollution toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 846-856"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lipid dysregulation as a mediator of genotoxicity from benzene, toluene, and xylene co-exposure: Insights from a longitudinal study of petrochemical workers and network toxicology analysis","authors":"Shuangqi Li ,&nbsp;Yanrong Lv ,&nbsp;Zhaoqing Tan ,&nbsp;Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Chunlan Zhu ,&nbsp;Zihao Long ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Liping Chen ,&nbsp;Haohan Chen ,&nbsp;Hongyun Chen ,&nbsp;Xiumei Xing ,&nbsp;Qiansheng Hu ,&nbsp;Yongmei Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) are pervasive in industrial settings. However, how their shared lipophilicity and lipid dysregulation synergistically contribute to genotoxicity at low dose exposures remain unclear, limiting the development of targeted preventive measures. In a longitudinal cohort of 736 petrochemical workers (523 followed for 5 years), with cumulative exposure doses derived from workplace monitoring. Blood lipids [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low−/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C)] and genotoxicity markers [olive tail moment (OTM), Tail DNA%, Tail moment, 8-hydroxy-2′- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] were measured. Generalized linear and log-binomial regression models evaluated baseline and longitudinal associations, while generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) regression captured mixture effects. Mediation models assessed lipid-driven genotoxicity. BTX co-exposure was associated with increased TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C at baseline, and elevated risks of hypercholesterolemia (<em>RR</em> = 1.64, 95 % <em>CI</em>: 1.05, 2.58) and high LDL-C (<em>RR</em> = 1.32, 95 % <em>CI</em>: 1.01, 1.71) during follow-up. Workers with baseline hyperlipidemia showed stronger lipid responses and greater DNA damage under exposure (<em>P</em>-_interaction &lt; 0.05). Longitudinal analyses showed that benzene and toluene exposure elevated higher follow-up 8-OHdG levels among hypercholesterolemic workers (<em>P</em>_interaction &lt; 0.05) supporting oxidative damage as a downstream mechanism.Total cholesterol mediated 8.22 % of BTX-related genotoxicity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Consistently, network toxicology highlighted lipid metabolism as key pathway linking BTX exposure to DNA damage. These findings demonstrate that BTX co-exposure disrupts lipid homeostasis and that toluene and xylene contribute significantly to this dysregulation, which in turn exacerbates benzene-initiated genotoxicity. The study highlights lipid metabolism as a critical mediator and amplifier of BTX mixture toxicity, underscoring the necessity of incorporating metabolic pathways and mixture effects into occupational risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 708-719"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of urban runoff pollutants on biofilm communities","authors":"Neus Besolí-Mestres ,&nbsp;Anna Freixa ,&nbsp;Lorena Cojoc ,&nbsp;M. Isabel Cadena-Aizaga ,&nbsp;Mira Petrovic ,&nbsp;Sergi Sabater","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urban runoff transports a wide array of inorganic and organic materials, such as organic matter, salt, dust, plastics and a high diversity of pollutants, which may harm freshwater ecosystems, especially during the initial runoff inputs. The aim of this study is to assess the structural and functional impacts on freshwater biofilms subjected to urban runoff pollutants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We provide a first assessment exposing natural freshwater biofilms to progressive dilution of pure first-flush urban runoff under controlled laboratory conditions. In parallel, we examined the effects of selected pollutants found in urban runoff on biofilms, testing them individually and in combination.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Urban runoff contained 47 compounds from 9 different families. The most abundant were 1,3-diphenylguanidine (a tire-related additive), caffeine (a stimulant), and zinc (a metal), each reaching concentrations close to 30 μg L^{- 1}. Dissolved organic carbon was also high (25 mg L⁻¹). Impacts of urban runoff on biofilms were strongest at 25 % dilution, and overall impacts were moderate, reflecting a balance inhibitory influence of pollutants and stimulatory effects of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients. The selected pollutants experiment revealed that biofilms were most sensitive to the mixture of pollutants and to diuron, followed by the 16PAHs and BBP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, our results highlight the complex and non-linear responses of stream biofilms to urban runoff inputs, emphasizing the need to control the types and quantities of pollutants released, with particular attention to emerging contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 720-728"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex co-contaminant responses of Chlorella sp. and its phycosphere microbiota under co-exposure to PET microfibers and oxytetracycline","authors":"Jiaye Deng ,&nbsp;Wenyan Lu ,&nbsp;Jiamei Wang ,&nbsp;Shuyuan Zhong ,&nbsp;Xinrui Xu ,&nbsp;Liufu Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics co-occur in aquatic environments, yet their joint ecological effects remain poorly understood. We examined polyethylene terephthalate microplastic fibers (PET-MFs) and oxytetracycline (OTC, 2 mg/L), alone and in combination, on <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and its phycosphere microbiome over 28 days. Microscopy revealed extensive algal adhesion to fibers and aggregated clusters. PET-MFs dose-dependently inhibited algal growth by lowering photosynthetic efficiency, disrupting pigment synthesis, and inducing oxidative stress, and shifted the phycosphere microbiome by reducing <em>Rhodobacter</em> and <em>Brevundimonas</em> and enriching <em>Paucibacter</em>. Transcriptomics showed a strong dose response: LMF (5000 particles/L MFs) induced 216 DEGs, versus 2920 DEGs in HMF (50,000 particles/L MFs); OTC alone caused 2443 DEGs and suppressed glycolysis/pyruvate metabolism and photosynthesis related gene expression despite limited biomass effects. Co-exposure amplified disturbance to 7126 DEGs in LMO (LMF and OTC) and 12,880 DEGs in HMO (HMF and OTC), exceeding either single treatment. Although total bacterial abundance changed little, ARGs/MGEs increased, with <em>intI2</em> elevated in all MF-containing groups and tet genes promoted by OTC. Correlation analyses support an algae–microbiome–resistome linkage: algal traits (OD680, Chl-a, Fv/fm) tracked shifts in dominant genera, which co-varied with int and tet modules, while soluble protein/EPS aligned with higher <em>int</em>/<em>tet</em> signals. Together, these results indicate complex, non-linear PET-MF–OTC interactions, with algal physiology likely mediating microbiome structure and ARG dynamics. This study advances mechanistic understanding of pollutant–microalgae–microbiome crosstalk and highlights ecological risks from co-occurring MPs and antibiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 822-833"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated approach unveils novel mechanisms of nicotine-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae","authors":"Yu Kou ,&nbsp;Changsheng Guo ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanghui Deng,&nbsp;Xingxing Yin,&nbsp;Jian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nicotine is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant which may exert neurotoxicity to aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms at environmentally relevant concentrations remain inadequately understood. This study employed an integrated approach combining in silico predictions, in vivo zebrafish assays, transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics to decipher the mechanistic framework of nicotine-driven developmental neurotoxicity to zebrafish. Network toxicology and molecular docking identified six core targets (CXCR4, CHRNB1, CHRNA1, CHRNA3, STAT3, HIF1A) and predicted key pathways, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and calcium signaling. Experimental validation in zebrafish larvae revealed that nicotine exposure, even at low environmental levels (0.03–3 μg/L), significantly induced developmental delays, heart rate imbalances, and neurobehavioral deficits. Targeted metabolomics demonstrated that nicotine caused a pronounced neurotransmitter imbalance, characterized by a sharp increase in acetylcholine and disrupted levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Transcriptomics further confirmed the dysregulation of key pathways, including calcium signaling, MAPK inflammation cascade, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. An integrated multi-omics analysis delineated a cohesive adverse outcome pathway: nicotine initially disrupts neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, leading to intracellular calcium overload, which subsequently triggers MAPK-mediated inflammatory apoptosis and FoxO/p53-related oxidative stress, ultimately resulting in neuronal damage and behavioral dysfunction. Our findings provide novel and comprehensive insights into the mechanistic basis of nicotine-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting significant ecological risks at environmental concentrations and offering a robust framework for assessing the neurotoxic potential of environmental contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 749-759"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male-biased sensitivity to wastewater effluent exposure in Harpagifer antarcticus from Fildes Bay, King George Island","authors":"Karen Fabres ,&nbsp;Elvira Vergara ,&nbsp;Ivan Sola ,&nbsp;María José Díaz ,&nbsp;Fabio Blanco-Murillo ,&nbsp;Fernando Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Diana M. Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Mark R. Servos ,&nbsp;Mario Sanhueza ,&nbsp;Gustavo Chiang ,&nbsp;Paulina Bahamonde","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antarctica has experienced a growing human presence in recent decades, with year-round scientific and military stations concentrated along the coast. Wastewater effluents from these settlements represent a growing concern, as they contain pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) capable of disrupt endocrine functions in aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations. This study evaluated the impact of wastewater exposure on the gonadal transcriptome of the Antarctic fish <em>Harpagifer antarcticus</em>, collected nearby human settlements and research stations in Fildes Bay, King George Island. Chemical analysis revealed bioaccumulation of diclofenac, carbamazepine, and fluoxetine in fish muscle. Morphological endpoints indicate significant decreases in male gonadosomatic index (GSI) at impacted sites. Molecular analysis suggested disruption of genes related to reproduction. Females displayed significant overexpression of <em>zp</em> at impacted sites, while males from contaminated areas showed increased expression of both <em>zp</em> and <em>esr1</em>.Transcriptomic analysis revealed a male-biased response, with enriched GO terms associated to sperm motility, nervous system function, and immune and inflammatory regulation, as well as chemical homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Females were less impacted, exhibiting transcriptomic alterations mainly linked to metabolic homeostasis. Together, these findings suggest that male <em>H. antarcticus</em> are particularly sensitive to wastewater-derived contaminants, with transcriptional shifts serving as early warning signals of impaired reproduction, physiology, and population resilience. This study highlights the vulnerability of Antarctic coastal ecosystems to anthropogenic pressures and underscores the urgent need for improved wastewater management in this fragile environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 834-845"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics in agricultural soils: Impacts on soil microbial communities, nutrient cycling, earthworm health, and soil ecosystem functions","authors":"Iqra Aslam ,&nbsp;Nabi Bux ,&nbsp;Xiaohong Yu ,&nbsp;Mengfei Bi ,&nbsp;He Guo ,&nbsp;Yali Niu ,&nbsp;Qiuling Ma ,&nbsp;Tiecheng Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global plastic production has increased exponentially since the mid-20th century, leading to the widespread accumulation of microplastics (MPs) in terrestrial ecosystems. Agricultural soils have become major sinks for MPs due to inputs from plastic mulching, sewage sludge, compost, irrigation with reclaimed water, and atmospheric deposition. MPs alter soil physicochemical characteristics, affect nutrient cycling, and disrupt microbial diversity, structure, and enzymatic activities. They also interact with co-occurring pollutants, facilitating the transport and bioavailability of heavy metals and organic contaminants. Earthworms, as key soil engineers, are particularly vulnerable to MP exposure, exhibiting growth inhibition, oxidative stress, intestinal damage, and alterations in gut microbiota composition. Moreover, MPs enhance greenhouse gas emissions by influencing microbial metabolism and soil redox conditions, further impacting ecosystem stability. Human exposure through ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact raises additional health concerns. This review demonstrates that MPs function as integrated stressors in terrestrial ecosystems, compromising soil health through physicochemical degradation of soil structure, destabilization of microbial communities, and direct toxicity to keystone soil fauna. Impact severity is highly context-dependent, governed by MP properties (size, polymer type), soil characteristics, and exposure duration. Without immediate source control and remediation strategies, continued MP accumulation will irreversibly impair critical soil ecosystem services, threatening agricultural productivity and food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1157-1175"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the cleaning effect of a typhoon on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the upper-ocean of the Northern South China Sea","authors":"Yicheng Li ,&nbsp;Yali Li ,&nbsp;Wenbo Wang ,&nbsp;Qiong Xia ,&nbsp;Ying Yang ,&nbsp;Shichun Zou ,&nbsp;Weidong Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Typhoons can largely alter hydrodynamic conditions and air-sea exchange processes in the upper ocean, thereby influencing the environmental behavior of organic pollutants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Nonetheless, the comprehensive magnitude and mechanisms of these influences remain inadequately characterized. The passage of Typhoon <em>Chaba</em> through the South China Sea (SCS) in 2022 provided a unique opportunity to investigate PAH dynamics in response to typhoons. Field sampling was conducted one week pre-typhoon and one-week post-typhoon. In surface seawater, the total concentration of 15 US EPA priority PAHs (TPAHs) decreased markedly by 45%, from 220 ± 160 ng/L in the pre-typhoon region to 120 ± 42.5 ng/L in the post-typhoon region. Conversely, the water-particle partition coefficient (K_d) increased by 73%. Source apportionment revealed consistent PAHs origins between the two regions, primarily derived from fossil fuel combustion (51%), followed by petroleum leakage (38%), and biomass burning (11%). At a continuous 24-h monitoring site within the post-typhoon region, TPAH concentrations were higher in the surface layer than at the bottom of the upper mixed layer, while the K_d values showed the inverse trend. The observed decline in PAH levels confirms that typhoons promote the removal of these pollutants from the mixed layer. A proposed mechanism involves typhoon-enhanced partitioning of dissolved PAHs (particularly 4-ring compounds) to particulate phase, subsequently removed by particle sinking. The total mass of PAHs removed by the typhoon was estimated to be 703 kg within the upper mixed layer across the 2.65 × 10⁴ km² study area over 24 h. This study provides the first fine-scale elucidation of the cleansing effect of typhoons on organic pollutants, underscoring their critical role in regulating the fate of PAHs in upper ocean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1195-1206"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146173095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periphytic biofilm at saline soil-water interface captured more cadmium than at non-saline ones: process, mechanism, and implication","authors":"Lingyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Wanying Li ,&nbsp;Shuai Pan ,&nbsp;Yanyun Han ,&nbsp;Dongmei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yinlong Zhang ,&nbsp;Junzhuo Liu ,&nbsp;Yonghong Wu ,&nbsp;Jiangang Han ,&nbsp;Imran Ali ,&nbsp;Haiying Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity inhibits rice growth and enhances cadmium (Cd) mobility, threatening rice production and human health. Periphytic biofilm (PB), widely distributed at the soil-water interface of paddy filed, exhibits strong Cd capture capability. However, PB at saline soil-water interface (SPB) and its capability for Cd capture remain unclear. Herein, SPB from coastal mudflat-reclaimed paddy filed was sampled to evaluate its Cd captured process and mechanism by advanced technologies. Results showed that the process of Cd capture by SPB was a spontaneous physical adsorption process driven mainly by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which contributed over 90%. Among different EPS layer of SPB, the soluble EPS (S-EPS) accounting more than 50% for Cd adsorption. The maximum Cd adsorption capability of SPB was 619.7 mg/kg, which was 69% higher than PB grown on non-saline soil (NPB). The enhanced Cd adsorption capability of SPB was mainly attributed to the higher amount of EPS, which contained more CHON and CHONS compounds. Furthermore, non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT) analysis indicated ion exchange process occurring in SPB was 3 times higher than that in NPB. Finally, microbial metagenomic sequencing analysis showed that SPB possessed higher abundances of metal-tolerant taxa (e.g., <em>Coleofasciculus chthonoplastes</em>) and enhanced expression of Cd-related (e.g., <em>cmtR</em>) and EPS-related genes (e.g., <em>lptG</em>, <em>mleP</em>). These findings expand the understanding of Cd biogeochemistry in saline wetland with PB, but highlight the potential of SPB for Cd pollution remediation in paddy fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1069-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term carbon disulfide exposure impairs pulmonary function in urban adults: Prevention insights from genetic susceptibility and lifestyle improvement in a repeated-measured cohort","authors":"Jiahao Song ,&nbsp;Yongfang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuhui Wan ,&nbsp;Xiaojie You ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Linling Yu ,&nbsp;Yueru Yang ,&nbsp;Ruyi Liang ,&nbsp;Le Hong ,&nbsp;Zhiying Huo ,&nbsp;Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Weihong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Efforts on interactions of carbon disulfide (CS₂) exposure, genetic susceptibility, and lifestyle on pulmonary function that are critical to prevention are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Urinary CS₂ metabolite (2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, TTCA) and pulmonary function parameters for 4409 observations from 2025 individuals were measured at baseline and two follow-ups in the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The polygenic risk score (PRS) was derived from 1020 pulmonary function-associated genetic variants, and the healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was comprehensively constructed using life habits including smoking, drinking, physical exercise, and diet status. Linear mixed-effects models with interaction plots were employed to estimate the independent and interaction effects of TTCA, PRS, and HLS on pulmonary function.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Elevated urinary TTCA, elevated PRS, and decreased HLS were significantly associated with reduced ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, the estimated adverse effect of urinary TTCA on PEF interactively became more pronounced with increasing PRS or/and decreasing HLS (<em>P</em> _interaction &lt; 0.05). Particularly, the most substantial effects of urinary TTCA on PEF were observed in participants with high PRS and low HLS in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, with the estimated effects of −90.56 mL/s (95% confidence interval: −146.66, −34.71) for continuous TTCA cross-sectionally and −406.31 mL/s (−746.61, −64.63) for persistently high TTCA longitudinally.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings highlight that reducing CS₂ exposure and improving lifestyle, particularly in individuals with higher genetic susceptibility to pulmonary function decline, may help in the early prevention of pulmonary injury from CS₂ exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1091-1101"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}