Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology最新文献

{"title":"Lipid dysregulation as a mediator of genotoxicity from benzene, toluene, and xylene co-exposure: Insights from a longitudinal study of petrochemical workers and network toxicology analysis","authors":"Shuangqi Li ,&nbsp;Yanrong Lv ,&nbsp;Zhaoqing Tan ,&nbsp;Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Chunlan Zhu ,&nbsp;Zihao Long ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Liping Chen ,&nbsp;Haohan Chen ,&nbsp;Hongyun Chen ,&nbsp;Xiumei Xing ,&nbsp;Qiansheng Hu ,&nbsp;Yongmei Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) are pervasive in industrial settings. However, how their shared lipophilicity and lipid dysregulation synergistically contribute to genotoxicity at low dose exposures remain unclear, limiting the development of targeted preventive measures. In a longitudinal cohort of 736 petrochemical workers (523 followed for 5 years), with cumulative exposure doses derived from workplace monitoring. Blood lipids [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low−/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C/HDL-C)] and genotoxicity markers [olive tail moment (OTM), Tail DNA%, Tail moment, 8-hydroxy-2′- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] were measured. Generalized linear and log-binomial regression models evaluated baseline and longitudinal associations, while generalized weighted quantile sum (gWQS) regression captured mixture effects. Mediation models assessed lipid-driven genotoxicity. BTX co-exposure was associated with increased TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C at baseline, and elevated risks of hypercholesterolemia (<em>RR</em> = 1.64, 95 % <em>CI</em>: 1.05, 2.58) and high LDL-C (<em>RR</em> = 1.32, 95 % <em>CI</em>: 1.01, 1.71) during follow-up. Workers with baseline hyperlipidemia showed stronger lipid responses and greater DNA damage under exposure (<em>P</em>-_interaction &lt; 0.05). Longitudinal analyses showed that benzene and toluene exposure elevated higher follow-up 8-OHdG levels among hypercholesterolemic workers (<em>P</em>_interaction &lt; 0.05) supporting oxidative damage as a downstream mechanism.Total cholesterol mediated 8.22 % of BTX-related genotoxicity (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Consistently, network toxicology highlighted lipid metabolism as key pathway linking BTX exposure to DNA damage. These findings demonstrate that BTX co-exposure disrupts lipid homeostasis and that toluene and xylene contribute significantly to this dysregulation, which in turn exacerbates benzene-initiated genotoxicity. The study highlights lipid metabolism as a critical mediator and amplifier of BTX mixture toxicity, underscoring the necessity of incorporating metabolic pathways and mixture effects into occupational risk assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 708-719"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of urban runoff pollutants on biofilm communities","authors":"Neus Besolí-Mestres ,&nbsp;Anna Freixa ,&nbsp;Lorena Cojoc ,&nbsp;M. Isabel Cadena-Aizaga ,&nbsp;Mira Petrovic ,&nbsp;Sergi Sabater","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Urban runoff transports a wide array of inorganic and organic materials, such as organic matter, salt, dust, plastics and a high diversity of pollutants, which may harm freshwater ecosystems, especially during the initial runoff inputs. The aim of this study is to assess the structural and functional impacts on freshwater biofilms subjected to urban runoff pollutants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We provide a first assessment exposing natural freshwater biofilms to progressive dilution of pure first-flush urban runoff under controlled laboratory conditions. In parallel, we examined the effects of selected pollutants found in urban runoff on biofilms, testing them individually and in combination.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Urban runoff contained 47 compounds from 9 different families. The most abundant were 1,3-diphenylguanidine (a tire-related additive), caffeine (a stimulant), and zinc (a metal), each reaching concentrations close to 30 μg L^{- 1}. Dissolved organic carbon was also high (25 mg L⁻¹). Impacts of urban runoff on biofilms were strongest at 25 % dilution, and overall impacts were moderate, reflecting a balance inhibitory influence of pollutants and stimulatory effects of dissolved organic carbon and nutrients. The selected pollutants experiment revealed that biofilms were most sensitive to the mixture of pollutants and to diuron, followed by the 16PAHs and BBP.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, our results highlight the complex and non-linear responses of stream biofilms to urban runoff inputs, emphasizing the need to control the types and quantities of pollutants released, with particular attention to emerging contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 720-728"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex co-contaminant responses of Chlorella sp. and its phycosphere microbiota under co-exposure to PET microfibers and oxytetracycline","authors":"Jiaye Deng ,&nbsp;Wenyan Lu ,&nbsp;Jiamei Wang ,&nbsp;Shuyuan Zhong ,&nbsp;Xinrui Xu ,&nbsp;Liufu Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs) and antibiotics co-occur in aquatic environments, yet their joint ecological effects remain poorly understood. We examined polyethylene terephthalate microplastic fibers (PET-MFs) and oxytetracycline (OTC, 2 mg/L), alone and in combination, on <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and its phycosphere microbiome over 28 days. Microscopy revealed extensive algal adhesion to fibers and aggregated clusters. PET-MFs dose-dependently inhibited algal growth by lowering photosynthetic efficiency, disrupting pigment synthesis, and inducing oxidative stress, and shifted the phycosphere microbiome by reducing <em>Rhodobacter</em> and <em>Brevundimonas</em> and enriching <em>Paucibacter</em>. Transcriptomics showed a strong dose response: LMF (5000 particles/L MFs) induced 216 DEGs, versus 2920 DEGs in HMF (50,000 particles/L MFs); OTC alone caused 2443 DEGs and suppressed glycolysis/pyruvate metabolism and photosynthesis related gene expression despite limited biomass effects. Co-exposure amplified disturbance to 7126 DEGs in LMO (LMF and OTC) and 12,880 DEGs in HMO (HMF and OTC), exceeding either single treatment. Although total bacterial abundance changed little, ARGs/MGEs increased, with <em>intI2</em> elevated in all MF-containing groups and tet genes promoted by OTC. Correlation analyses support an algae–microbiome–resistome linkage: algal traits (OD680, Chl-a, Fv/fm) tracked shifts in dominant genera, which co-varied with int and tet modules, while soluble protein/EPS aligned with higher <em>int</em>/<em>tet</em> signals. Together, these results indicate complex, non-linear PET-MF–OTC interactions, with algal physiology likely mediating microbiome structure and ARG dynamics. This study advances mechanistic understanding of pollutant–microalgae–microbiome crosstalk and highlights ecological risks from co-occurring MPs and antibiotics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 822-833"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated approach unveils novel mechanisms of nicotine-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish larvae","authors":"Yu Kou ,&nbsp;Changsheng Guo ,&nbsp;Yan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanghui Deng,&nbsp;Xingxing Yin,&nbsp;Jian Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nicotine is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant which may exert neurotoxicity to aquatic organisms. However, the mechanisms at environmentally relevant concentrations remain inadequately understood. This study employed an integrated approach combining in silico predictions, in vivo zebrafish assays, transcriptomics and targeted metabolomics to decipher the mechanistic framework of nicotine-driven developmental neurotoxicity to zebrafish. Network toxicology and molecular docking identified six core targets (CXCR4, CHRNB1, CHRNA1, CHRNA3, STAT3, HIF1A) and predicted key pathways, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and calcium signaling. Experimental validation in zebrafish larvae revealed that nicotine exposure, even at low environmental levels (0.03–3 μg/L), significantly induced developmental delays, heart rate imbalances, and neurobehavioral deficits. Targeted metabolomics demonstrated that nicotine caused a pronounced neurotransmitter imbalance, characterized by a sharp increase in acetylcholine and disrupted levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin. Transcriptomics further confirmed the dysregulation of key pathways, including calcium signaling, MAPK inflammation cascade, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. An integrated multi-omics analysis delineated a cohesive adverse outcome pathway: nicotine initially disrupts neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, leading to intracellular calcium overload, which subsequently triggers MAPK-mediated inflammatory apoptosis and FoxO/p53-related oxidative stress, ultimately resulting in neuronal damage and behavioral dysfunction. Our findings provide novel and comprehensive insights into the mechanistic basis of nicotine-induced neurotoxicity, highlighting significant ecological risks at environmental concentrations and offering a robust framework for assessing the neurotoxic potential of environmental contaminants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 749-759"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male-biased sensitivity to wastewater effluent exposure in Harpagifer antarcticus from Fildes Bay, King George Island","authors":"Karen Fabres ,&nbsp;Elvira Vergara ,&nbsp;Ivan Sola ,&nbsp;María José Díaz ,&nbsp;Fabio Blanco-Murillo ,&nbsp;Fernando Valenzuela ,&nbsp;Diana M. Cárdenas ,&nbsp;Mark R. Servos ,&nbsp;Mario Sanhueza ,&nbsp;Gustavo Chiang ,&nbsp;Paulina Bahamonde","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antarctica has experienced a growing human presence in recent decades, with year-round scientific and military stations concentrated along the coast. Wastewater effluents from these settlements represent a growing concern, as they contain pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) capable of disrupt endocrine functions in aquatic organisms at environmentally relevant concentrations. This study evaluated the impact of wastewater exposure on the gonadal transcriptome of the Antarctic fish <em>Harpagifer antarcticus</em>, collected nearby human settlements and research stations in Fildes Bay, King George Island. Chemical analysis revealed bioaccumulation of diclofenac, carbamazepine, and fluoxetine in fish muscle. Morphological endpoints indicate significant decreases in male gonadosomatic index (GSI) at impacted sites. Molecular analysis suggested disruption of genes related to reproduction. Females displayed significant overexpression of <em>zp</em> at impacted sites, while males from contaminated areas showed increased expression of both <em>zp</em> and <em>esr1</em>.Transcriptomic analysis revealed a male-biased response, with enriched GO terms associated to sperm motility, nervous system function, and immune and inflammatory regulation, as well as chemical homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Females were less impacted, exhibiting transcriptomic alterations mainly linked to metabolic homeostasis. Together, these findings suggest that male <em>H. antarcticus</em> are particularly sensitive to wastewater-derived contaminants, with transcriptional shifts serving as early warning signals of impaired reproduction, physiology, and population resilience. This study highlights the vulnerability of Antarctic coastal ecosystems to anthropogenic pressures and underscores the urgent need for improved wastewater management in this fragile environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 834-845"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145977023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Periphytic biofilm at saline soil-water interface captured more cadmium than at non-saline ones: process, mechanism, and implication","authors":"Lingyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Wanying Li ,&nbsp;Shuai Pan ,&nbsp;Yanyun Han ,&nbsp;Dongmei Zhou ,&nbsp;Yinlong Zhang ,&nbsp;Junzhuo Liu ,&nbsp;Yonghong Wu ,&nbsp;Jiangang Han ,&nbsp;Imran Ali ,&nbsp;Haiying Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil salinity inhibits rice growth and enhances cadmium (Cd) mobility, threatening rice production and human health. Periphytic biofilm (PB), widely distributed at the soil-water interface of paddy filed, exhibits strong Cd capture capability. However, PB at saline soil-water interface (SPB) and its capability for Cd capture remain unclear. Herein, SPB from coastal mudflat-reclaimed paddy filed was sampled to evaluate its Cd captured process and mechanism by advanced technologies. Results showed that the process of Cd capture by SPB was a spontaneous physical adsorption process driven mainly by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), which contributed over 90%. Among different EPS layer of SPB, the soluble EPS (S-EPS) accounting more than 50% for Cd adsorption. The maximum Cd adsorption capability of SPB was 619.7 mg/kg, which was 69% higher than PB grown on non-saline soil (NPB). The enhanced Cd adsorption capability of SPB was mainly attributed to the higher amount of EPS, which contained more CHON and CHONS compounds. Furthermore, non-invasive micro-test technique (NMT) analysis indicated ion exchange process occurring in SPB was 3 times higher than that in NPB. Finally, microbial metagenomic sequencing analysis showed that SPB possessed higher abundances of metal-tolerant taxa (e.g., <em>Coleofasciculus chthonoplastes</em>) and enhanced expression of Cd-related (e.g., <em>cmtR</em>) and EPS-related genes (e.g., <em>lptG</em>, <em>mleP</em>). These findings expand the understanding of Cd biogeochemistry in saline wetland with PB, but highlight the potential of SPB for Cd pollution remediation in paddy fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1069-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term carbon disulfide exposure impairs pulmonary function in urban adults: Prevention insights from genetic susceptibility and lifestyle improvement in a repeated-measured cohort","authors":"Jiahao Song ,&nbsp;Yongfang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuhui Wan ,&nbsp;Xiaojie You ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Linling Yu ,&nbsp;Yueru Yang ,&nbsp;Ruyi Liang ,&nbsp;Le Hong ,&nbsp;Zhiying Huo ,&nbsp;Qing Liu ,&nbsp;Bin Wang ,&nbsp;Weihong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2026.01.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Efforts on interactions of carbon disulfide (CS₂) exposure, genetic susceptibility, and lifestyle on pulmonary function that are critical to prevention are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Urinary CS₂ metabolite (2-thiothiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid, TTCA) and pulmonary function parameters for 4409 observations from 2025 individuals were measured at baseline and two follow-ups in the Wuhan-Zhuhai cohort. The polygenic risk score (PRS) was derived from 1020 pulmonary function-associated genetic variants, and the healthy lifestyle score (HLS) was comprehensively constructed using life habits including smoking, drinking, physical exercise, and diet status. Linear mixed-effects models with interaction plots were employed to estimate the independent and interaction effects of TTCA, PRS, and HLS on pulmonary function.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Elevated urinary TTCA, elevated PRS, and decreased HLS were significantly associated with reduced ratio of forced expiratory volume in the first second to forced vital capacity (FEV₁/FVC) and peak expiratory flow (PEF) (all <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Notably, the estimated adverse effect of urinary TTCA on PEF interactively became more pronounced with increasing PRS or/and decreasing HLS (<em>P</em> _interaction &lt; 0.05). Particularly, the most substantial effects of urinary TTCA on PEF were observed in participants with high PRS and low HLS in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, with the estimated effects of −90.56 mL/s (95% confidence interval: −146.66, −34.71) for continuous TTCA cross-sectionally and −406.31 mL/s (−746.61, −64.63) for persistently high TTCA longitudinally.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings highlight that reducing CS₂ exposure and improving lifestyle, particularly in individuals with higher genetic susceptibility to pulmonary function decline, may help in the early prevention of pulmonary injury from CS₂ exposure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1091-1101"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS bioaccumulation in food crops: Structure-informed machine learning and mechanistic evidence for priority control","authors":"Yuhan Cui ,&nbsp;Wenyu Xiao ,&nbsp;Yisu Fang ,&nbsp;Beicheng Li ,&nbsp;Maosheng Zheng ,&nbsp;Yu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Per</em>- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), as globally emerging persistent organic pollutants, pose severe threats to agroecosystems due to their ubiquity and bioaccumulation potential. In this study, 108 environmentally detected PFASs were systematically evaluated using molecular docking to characterize their accumulation in wheat, tomato, and strawberry root-stem tissues. A hierarchical evaluation framework was established to generate prioritized control lists, identifying 15, 16, and 8 high-risk PFASs in wheat, tomato, and strawberry, respectively, with 16 compounds consistently detected across crops. Source apportionment revealed food packaging, wastewater, landfill leachate, personal care products, and paints as key entry pathways into agricultural environments. Building on this foundation, a machine learning prediction model was constructed to extend the evaluation to 6203 PFASs. The results highlighted that emerging structural features, including cyclic, heterocyclic, quaternary ammonium, and amphoteric groups, substantially enhance crop bioaccumulation effects. Furthermore, for the first time, crop-specific adverse outcome pathway (AOP) frameworks were established, providing mechanistic insights into PFAS bioaccumulation in crops. Protein-ligand docking further demonstrated that highly bioaccumulative PFASs engage in stronger hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, and electrostatic interactions with key receptors, thereby validating structure-activity relationships underlying their enhanced accumulation. This study provides robust mechanistic evidence and predictive insight into the environmental fate and bioaccumulation behavior of PFASs in agroecosystems, offering a scientific basis for exposure assessment and ecological risk management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 1043-1056"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insight into catalytic performance of chlorobenzene over phosphate-modified MnCeOx catalysts and suppression mechanism of polychlorinated byproducts","authors":"Runtong Dong ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Ma ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Fanxiang Meng ,&nbsp;Jiabao Lv ,&nbsp;Angjian Wu ,&nbsp;Zhongkang Han ,&nbsp;Yujue Yang ,&nbsp;Bingcheng Lin ,&nbsp;Rong Jin ,&nbsp;Minghui Zheng ,&nbsp;Guorui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efficient catalytic oxidation of chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) with minimal polychlorinated byproducts remains challenging, and the positive effect of water vapor could facilitate it. Based on MnCeOx catalyst, the formation characteristics of polychlorinated benzenes, highly toxic polychlorinated byproducts (PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PCNs), and PAHs during catalytic oxidation of chlorobenzene (CBCO) were systemically revealed. A phosphate-modified strategy (trimethyl phosphate, CePO₄, and H₃PO₄) was developed for promoting chlorine desorption and desirable inhibition on the polychlorinated byproducts. The trimethyl phosphate TMP-modified catalyst demonstrated highest CB conversion (T₉₀ = 205 °C), stability, and water resistance. A series of experiments involving D₂O-TPD-MS, radical trapping, and DFT calculation provided complete insights into promotion effect of phosphate-modification strategy on the formation of Brønsted acid sites and the hydrolysis effect on H₂O molecule. H₂O performed an essential proton-rich environment and highly reactive water-source oxygen species (·OH), thereby improving dechlorination and deep oxidation properties. The generation pathways of polychlorinated byproducts mainly include reaction steps such as free radical coupling, dechlorination, and condensation. TMP-modified MnCeOx catalyst exhibited the strongest suppression effect on the formation of chlorinated and non-chlorinated byproducts, and their concentrations were decreased by 87.7 % (Polychlorinated benzenes), 82.2 %(PCDD/Fs), 8.5 %(PCBs), and 92.0 %(PAHs), respectively. This work demonstrates a valuable phosphate-modified strategy to suppress the generation of polychlorinated byproducts during CVOCs elimination process and improved the application potential of Mn-based catalysts under practical application conditions (containing water vapor).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 729-737"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145883806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The differential cardiotoxicity effects and molecular mechanisms induced by two emerging organophosphorus flame retardants (EHDPP and DPHP) with similar parent structures in zebrafish","authors":"Miaocui Xi,&nbsp;Xue Bai,&nbsp;Lu Fang,&nbsp;Xuedong Wang,&nbsp;Jin Yan,&nbsp;Qiuhui Qian,&nbsp;Zejun Wang,&nbsp;Huili Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enceco.2025.12.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we systematically compared the cardiotoxicity effects of two structurally similar organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs; EHDPP and its major metabolite DPHP) using zebrafishi as a model organism. Predictive toxicity data from two aquatic species, together with empirical LC₅₀ values obtained in zebrafish larvae, consistently demonstrated that 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPP) is substantially more toxic than diphenyl phosphate (DPHP). At LC₅₀-scaled concentrations, both contaminants induced the reduced heart rate, pericardial edema, and cardiac malformations, in concomitant with enhanced activities of creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and downregulated cardiac transcription factors (<em>gata4</em> and <em>Nkx2.5</em>) and upregulated structural gene <em>cmlc2</em>. Even at low concentrations, EHDPP triggered apoptosis and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in cardiac and pericardial tisues, along with prominent lipid accumulation in the heart, vasculature, and intersegmental arteries. It activated multiple pathways including MAPK, calcium signaling, and excitation-contraction coupling, while DPHP primarily affected cardiac function via calcium pump regulation and neuro-signaling pathways. Disease ontology (DO) enrichment analysis revealed that both EHDPP and DPHP associated target genes were most significantly enriched in cardiovascular-related diseases. Pharmacological rescue experiments using pathway-specific agents (Y-27632 and isoproterenol) further validated the functional roles of key signaling pathways in mediating the observed cardiotoxicity. Albeit differing in only one alkyl chain, EHDPP and DPHP displayed significantly differential cardiotoxicity and molecular mechanisms in zebrafish. These observations are conducive to illustrating OPFRs' structure-activity relationship and their health risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100480,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology","volume":"8 ","pages":"Pages 780-793"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}