In Analysis最新文献

Context

Tabletop role-playing games (TTRPG) have shown their relevance in play and narrative therapy. However, they have been little studied in the psychodynamic field although their characteristics make them a particularly interesting mediation in adolescents’ psychotherapy.

Objectives

The aim of this article is to specify the characteristics of role-playing games, and to define how they revive symbolization and the identity construction process.

Method

We will rely on the notions of interactivity and intercreativity to define the characteristics of TTRPG, and their interactions with some of the fundamental therapeutic processes. We will draw on a psychoanalytical approach as well as a ludological and narratological one to define this mediation.

Results

Interactivity and intercreativity directly influence the processes of immersion in game and fiction. They also influence identification with the character embodied by the player. The interaction between these different ingredients supports processes of psychic transformation.

Conclusion

Interactivity is a fundamental element in the emergence of agentivity. It is therefore a particularly interesting ingredient in adolescent therapy. Moreover, recourse to other theoretical fields appears necessary when envisioning a TTRPG psychotherapeutic mediation.

Context

In the clinical accompaniment of non-verbal patients and/or those with limited capacities for symbolization, we find that the regular analytical “talking cure” has its limits. To counter this, the author proposes to develop a new therapeutic mediation based on the photographic act that could possibly replace, or at least complete, verbal exchanges. This article shows how the photographic medium can be mobilized within analytical cure.

Aims

This article questions how the photographic act can put the processes of the unconscious to work, unfold the singularity of the subject's speech, and how it can catalyze the transformation of the latter throughout the therapeutic process.

Method

It is first of all a question of rethinking the usual mediation of photolanguage, which offers “ready-to-use” representations. The author then presents a new mediation, called photonafshy, based on the photographic act. The subject himself produces his photographic images, which constitute a real open door to the preconscious and unconscious universe of the subject, far “beyond words.” The photographic images thus created, although relying on external perceptions, unconsciously solicit and transform internal archaic images. Clinical cases are analyzed to understand this phenomenon. The author then updates the squiggle technique – a set of drawings for two invented by Winnicott – by using the photographic medium instead of drawing.

Results

The new technique of the “photographic squiggle” sets up a semiotic field between two signifying presences that are the photos of the patient and of the analyst, and creates a shared game of symbolic and intersubjective exchanges that facilitates access to the most archaic layers of the pathic sensitivity. In this moment of photographic creativity, the subject can regress into a state of fluidity and experimental non-integration where the functions of gesture and gaze become, once again, modalities of being, as they are for babies at an archaic state.

Conclusions

“Photographic speech” can be considered a substitute for linguistic speech and is thus a relevant tool for clinical work with non-verbal patients. Photonafshy, a new therapeutic mediation using photography, proposes an approach to the photographic technè as a semiosis accompanying the therapeutic history, but also respecting the dimension of the suffering body. This approach allows us to go as far as possible in this state of regression in the confrontation with anxiety, in the most sustained, supportive, enveloping way possible and at the same time in the finest and most adjusted way.

The author proposes from the article by de Stefan Kristensen and Jacob Rogozinsky Carnal envelope: Which borders? About the article “The carnal envelope and the body of the self” a reflection on the use of analogy as an epistemological specificity of psychoanalysis as it unfolds in the concepts of skin-ego, body-self, psychological envelopes and carnal envelopes. Moreover, she proposes a derivation of these concepts in scarification and severe Hikikomori withdrawal behaviors in adolescence, where the stakes and the border work are particularly solicited in trophic or on the contrary particularly deleterious forms.

Context

The context experienced by the Brazilian population in 2020 was, and has remained, one of precariousness regarding health, economics, and politics. A platform was created in March of that year, where more than 4200 psychologists voluntarily registered to provide online assistance to healthcare professionals on the front-line of the combat against COVID-19. The project also included support network for these psychologists.

Objectives

This article aims to present and discuss one of the modes of support offered by the platform: the “elaboration groups” by showing the constitution of their psychic envelope.

Method

This article takes the form of a case study based on the concept of psychic envelope developed by the theories of Anzieu, Houzel and Ciccone. For the purpose of this analysis, the scenes of two groups were brought together, one coordinated by two coordinators and the other by one. The main objective of the groups was to provide a space where the participants could discuss and think about the clinical experience they were having in the project.

Results

We can distinguish three moments in the history of the groups: a first one, of formation, during which the psychologists arrived trying to create contours and exchange, but in a desperate and rigid way. However, the capacity developed by the groups to welcome what everyone had to say allowed the creation of an extremely affectionate bond between the participants. A second moment, when the recognition of the importance of the encounter with the other and the recovery of individual capacities generated a return to culture and to the social pact. And finally, the moment when the groups were coming to an end, which served as a ritual in the process of mourning the “life” that each person had lived, allowing the release of each one's libido for the constitution of new life projects.

Conclusion

We noticed that the notion of who was the real patient of the platform tended to get lost, as the psychologists also relied on the network to cope with their anguish. Two tasks were thus fulfilled: the one initially foreseen of support to the assistance given by the psychologists to the healthcare professionals; and another, of a psychic envelope sufficiently firm and elastic to allow a quantum of drive connection necessary to survive and dream.

Context

This paper proposes an overview of the articulation between psychoanalytic metapsychology and contemporary work in cognitive neurosciences concerning entropy and the free energy principle.

Objective

The objective is to bring these two disciplines into dialogue in order to clarify the fundamental principles of psychoanalytical metapsychology and to better understand the development of the psychic apparatus.

Methods

After having described the theory of envelopes as Markov chains proposed by the neuroscientist Karl Friston, we sum up the theory of psychic envelopes developed by psychoanalysis.

Results

It appears that the psychic apparatus must integrate and bind free energy, at its different levels, by the creation of envelopes and the internalization of early intersubjective relationships.

Interpretations

It is possible to consider different forms of psychopathologies as resulting from defects of this work of regulation and transformation, based on the principles of free energy and entropy.