International Journal of Chemical and Analytical Science最新文献

Aim

Actinomycetes are gram-positive bacteria, common in nature, play a significant role in biotechnology, as it produces vitamins, enzymes, anti-tumour agents, immune-modifying agents, mainly antibiotic compounds. Various bioactive substances are produced by a wide variety of microorganisms including several species of bacteria and fungi. Hence, it was decided to isolate soil bacteria that is able to produce biologically active substances.

Methods

The bioactive compound producing strain was isolated from soil and the same was sequenced, submitted to gene bank for accession number. Related species was known by tree construction. The bacterial isolates from wound were tested for its susceptibility against bioactive compound isolated from Streptomyces aureofaciens by disc diffusion assay. The produced compound was subjected to SDS-PAGE analysis for molecular weight determination.

Results

The isolated strain was obtained accession number KF532950, it contains high GC content of 63.6%. The bioactive compound produced from Streptomyces aureofaciens showed positive result against Staphylococcus spp. and Pseudomonas spp. and its molecular weight ranged from 14.3 to 97.4 Kd.

Conclusion

From the results obtained, it is concluded that, our strain produces bioactive compound which may be further characterized for its properties.

Objective

To develop an efficient method for the synthesis of Methyl-2-(N-ethyl-N-phenylamino)naphthyridine-3-carboxylates which is suitable for different naphthyridines.

Methods

All reagents used were commercial grade, ¹H NMR spectra were obtained on a varian 400 MHz instrument with TMS as internal standard and chemical shifts are expressed δ ppm solvent used in DMSO-d₆ & CDCl₃ and LC–MS spectrum on a Waters LC–MS spectrometer operating at 70 ev. TLC is performed with E-Merch precoated silica gel plates (60F-254) with iodine as a developing agent. Acme, India silica gel, 60–120 mesh for column chromatography is used. All compounds are purified by column chromatography by using Silica gel (60–120 mesh) eluted with (50:1) dichloromethane in methanol.

Conclusions

We have developed an efficient protocol for the synthesis of Methyl-2-(N-ethyl-N-phenylamino)naphthyridine-3-carboxylates.

Objectives

Annona squamosa L. is a widely used Indian medicinal plant for the cure of deadly disease, diabetes. In recent decades, a great no. of chemical and pharmacological studies have been done on A. squamosa L. and still more research is required in order to search its bioactive components.

Methods

Bioassay dependent fractionation & isolation technique is used & repeated column chromatography was utilized to get pure compounds.

Results

Structure elucidation for compound A & compound B has been done using Mass, NMR, IR, UV, 1D & 2D NMR techniques.

Conclusion

In this paper we report one new compound from Indian medicinal plant A. squamosa L. which is characterized as 6,7-dimethoxy-2-methylisoquinolinium & is obtained from the twigs of the plant in its chloroform fraction. One known compound Rutin is also obtained from n-butanol fraction and is reported for the first time from this plant which is characterized as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-5,7-dihydroxy-3-[(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-{{(2S,3R,4R,5R,6S)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyltetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy}methyl}tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy]-4H-chromen-4-one.

This paper describes a reserved-phase HPLC method for detecting clenbuterol (CB) and ractopamine (RP) using an isocratic solvent-free mobile phase. The separations were performed a Kaseisorb^® LC C1-300-5 (100 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) with 0.05 mol/L octane sulfonic acid mobile phase and a photodiode array detector. The total run time was <5 min. The system suitability was well within the international acceptance criteria. The detection limits were 0.68 ng/mL for CB and 1.24 ng/mL for RP, respectively. A harmless method for simultaneous detecting CB and RP was developed and may be further applied to the quantification in foods.

Photodegradation process and mechanism is a relative new and eco-friendly process to recycle and reuse of water. Some investigation concerned with effort to increase photocatalyst activity by immobilizing semiconductor oxide such as ZnO in clay as solid support. It was related to that photodegradation was directed by adsorption mechanism. However sometimes the activity of a photocatalyst is not linearly correlated with adsorption mechanism. In this research evaluation on photoactivity of ZnO-hectorite (ZnO/CTMA/Hectorite) and TiO₂-montmorillonite based material using statistical approximation compared to the linear model is studied. The model is evaluated for photodegradation of phenol solution. Some beneficial results of the probit model are (i) the guarantee of activity prediction value in the range of 0–100% (ii) interaction of adsorption and photodegradation mechanism is well described.

Aims

Hydrocarbon components are carcinogens and neurotoxin organic pollutants. Biodegradation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils has been established as an efficient, economic, versatile and environmentally sound treatment. Our aim was to isolate the 2T engine degrading bacterial culture from automobile workshop contaminated soil.

Method

A total of nineteen morphological different bacterial cultures were isolated by enrichment and pour plate method. The growth of isolated cultures was studied in liquid M9 medium containing 0.5 % 2T engine oil. On the basis of increasing optical density in M9 medium only one bacterial strains GD₁₈ was selected for further study. On the basis of morphological, physiological and biochemical properties strain GD₁₈ was tentatively identified as pseudomonas sp. The degradation of 2T engine oil hydrocarbon degradation was checked by GC-MS analysis. The strain GD₁₈ degraded completely the following hydrocarbons (Tridecane, Tridecane 6 methyl, Dodecane 2, 6, 10 trimethyl, Naphthalene 1, 6 dimethyl, Pentadecane, Hexadecane, Heptadecane 2, 6, 10, 14 tetramethyl, Heneicosane, 11 decyl) with in 10 days.

Conclusion

The strain GD₁₈ was able to degrade 96.3 % of total hydrocarbons present in 2T engine oil. This is very efficient hydrocarbon degrading bacterial culture and can be used for successfully removal of 2T engine oil from contaminated soil.

Aim

The extreme efforts have been developed to design novel compounds to strains of resistant micro-organisms. On-going search for novel and amazing drug delivery systems is primarily impact of the well-established fact that the convectional dosages are not sufficiently effective in conveying the drug compounds to its site of action and this has required the need to search for more efficient drugs. The metal complexes of Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) with a tridentate ligand 2, 5-diamino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole has been prepared by cyclisation of bithiourea in a 3% hydrogen peroxide medium. 2, 5-diamino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole acts as neutral tridentate ligand and coordinates through the sulphur atom and nitrogen of the amines. The complexes are non-electrolyte in DMF. The complexes exhibited octahedral geometry. The antimicrobial activities of ligand and its complexes were screened using sensitivity test, minimum inhibition concentration and minimum bacterial concentration method. Metal chelates showed greater antimicrobial activities as compared to the control and the ligand. The metal chelates and the ligand did not exhibited activity against Aspergillus niger and Penicillin species.

Methods

Elemental analyses, IR spectra, magnetic susceptibilities by using Faraday Balance, molar conductance by using Genway 4200 conductivity meter. Metal estimation by using Alpha 4 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Thin layer chromatography was carried out using TLC plate coated with silica gel.

Results

The results of the elemental analyses are in good agreement with those calculated for the suggested formulae, 1:2 (M:L) solid chelates are isolated and found to have the general formulae [(ML2)] X2; M=Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) (X=Cl). The IR spectra revealed that the ligand L is a neutral tridentate ligand. It coordinated to the metal ions via the nitrogen of the amines and sulphur atom. The molar conductance values of the Co (II), Ni (II), and Cu (II) complexes were relatively low, indicating the non-electrolytic nature of these complexes. The ligand and metal complexes show antimicrobial effect against the tested organism species except against molds of penicillin and Aspergillus. Niesseria gonorrhoea was probably the most sensitive organism to the 2, 5-Diamino-1, 3, 4-Thiadizole and its metal complexes. Metal complexes showed greater activity against some of the micro-organisms compared to the parent compounds.

Conclusion

In this paper we conclude from combined results of the chemical and physical analysis that the ligand (2, 5-diamino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole) coordinated with Cu, Co and Ni. The metal complexes possess better physical properties than the parent compound. Metal complex of 2,5-diamino-1,3,4-thiadiazole would be a better therapeutic drug for antibacterial treatment.