Journal of Behavior, Health & Social Issues最新文献

Dietary patterns have migrated from traditional foods to processed foods and ultra-processed products. The aim of this study was to explore the perception of processed and ultra-processed foods products among postgraduate students in Mexico City. This was a cross-sectional study; 10 interviews were made to postgraduate male students from 25 to 32 years in a public university of Mexico City. After the interview, a quantitative test with images was made to assess if participants could classify foods according to the processing level. The interviews were analyzed quantitatively using grounded theory. The present study suggested that postgraduate male students have a negative perception about processed foods in general; besides, it was observed that participants were confused when classifying foods according to their processing level. Nutrition education campaigns about the processing level of foods will likely help consumers making informed and healthier food choices.

The objective of this research was to know how the sociodemographic characteristics of parents and children with disabilities intervene in the way they communicate and the topics of sexuality they address. A non-probabilistic sample of 172 parents, whose children were young and/or adolescents with some disability (intellectual, auditory, visual, motor and/or multiple), were employed; 81.3% of the participants were women and their average age was 45 years (DE = 8). A self-report instrument was used to collect sociodemographic data about parents their own characteristics (gender, age, marital status, occupation, religion, monthly income and number of children) and their children's (gender, age, schooling, origin of the disability and abilities that they have), as well as the way they communicate and the topics of sexuality they address. The results indicate that parents talk about a greater number of sexuality issues when they communicate verbally or through LSM (F = 9.52, P = .000) and when they have only one child (F = 3.555, P < .05). The characteristics of the young people who intervened on the communication were: level of studies (F = 3.547, P < .05), developed behavioral abilities (F = 9.558, P < .00), type of disability (F = 3.509, P < .05) and origin (t = –2.722, P < .05).

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between Sense of Coherence (SOC), health behaviors and self-perceived physical and mental health in men and women. 448 undergraduate students participated in this study. The mean age was 21.3 years old (SD = 1.95). SOC, leisure time and sleep predicted better mental health in men. Comprehensibility, leisure time, sleep and physical activity predicted physical health in men. Only manageability and meaningfulness predicted mental health in women. In this group, Manageability, leisure time, physical activity and diet predicted physical health. These results can be used to help design strategies to encourage the adoption of healthy behaviors and healthier coping strategies in late adolescents and emerging adults.

The present study identifies problems and limitations of 2 types of writing studies: the opinion tests and the speed evaluations softwares. An evaluation that integrates functional and temporal factors is proposed. The role of the speed writing was evaluated with temporal parameters on written words and fulfillment of criteria of different complexity with college students. A temporal restriction and multiple complexity of criteria test was applied to Psychology students of different semesters. A direct relationship between the grade and the amount of written words was founded, but no relationship was found with the fulfillment of different complexity criteria. The modulation between morphology and multiple writing interactions is discussed.

Through a conditional temporal discrimination task with humans was assessed the learning promoted by different pair sequences. In detail, six groups were exposed to different paired sequences, which were selected to include different levels of information. From the most basic to the most inclusive, the order of the sequences was as follows: Random, Permutations, Disordered, Ramp, Decreasing and Incremental. The results showed that the relationship between information sources amount and hits was direct, and the trajectories between blocks was traced in such groups, or, alternatively, their asymptote was higher. However, the most consistent and significant differences were observed when comparing the first three sequences together over the last three. The results are discussed through two approaches used in the learning area.

The aim of this investigation was to analyze differences between young people who had a positive assessment of breakups and those who had a negative assessment, divided in turn by gender, in relation to the following variables: level of importance, level of commitment, duration of relationship, ways of loving, reasons for breaking up, coping styles, and level of depression resulting from the breakup. To that end, we conducted Student t tests with each of the variables involved. 326 university students age 17–26 (122 men and 204 women) who had recently gone through a breakup in their sentimental relationships participated in the study. Differences were found between women who assessed their breakups positively and those who assessed them negatively in relation to level of importance, level of commitment, duration of relationship, lack of sex drive, lack of commitment, rational incompatibility, in evasive coping styles, cognitive-reflexive analysis, ludic loving style, and total level of depression. In the case of men, differences were also found for level of importance, level of commitment, and coping styles: evasive, cognitive-reflexive analysis, and denial.

The objective of the study was to analyze the relationships in adolescents, men and women with their quality of life, studying both the role variable of the internalized gender (masculine, feminine, androgynous, undifferentiated) and the academic performance of the young. The study is transversal and participative 450 students of middle school, with ages between 12 and 16 years, who were evaluated by a battery of tests. As results were found that there are differences in the quality of life in relation to gender and roles, being also relevant academic performance, which is related especially to the school environment. It is concluded that adolescence is a stage where the capacity to assess the vitality and well-being of the critical and conscious form increases, although there are differences in the levels of quality of life in the function of gender and gender roles. The androgynous role favors a greater well-being, leaving aside the conception of sexual typing: masculine man, feminine woman. It is also important to consider the school environments where adolescents live, which are related to the quality of life.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the fit of a cognitive behavioural model of headache in the population of University students, from Córdoba, Argentina. The direct and indirect contributions to pain intensity of control beliefs, beliefs and thoughts about pain and coping strategies were determined, as were the direct contributions of pain behaviours and disability. The sample was comprised of 382 students of both genders from several Universities. Multiple instruments were administered to measure the variables proposed in the cognitive behavioural model of headache followed by a descriptive and exploratory analysis of the data. Structural equation modelling was used and revealed an acceptable fit of the model but with lower levels than the criteria proposed. The model was therefore redefined by eliminating two indicators and was then found to achieve a better fit (CFI = .91; GFI = .95) and an optimal RMSEA index of .05. The new model explained 47% of the variance of headache intensity. All the variables of the model predicted pain intensity directly, with beliefs and thoughts about pain having the greatest predictive value (β = 0.68).