Journal of Ionic Liquids最新文献

Direct method for microscale manipulation at liquid-liquid interfaces in ionic liquid media with real-time electron microscopy observation 利用电子显微镜实时观测离子液体介质中液-液界面微尺度操作的直接方法

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100116

A deep understanding of the processes in soft matter systems with liquid-liquid phase boundaries is of particular importance for materials science, chemistry and life sciences. A vast variety of physicochemical techniques have been proposed for the study of interfacial properties of liquid systems. Among them, electron microscopy methods occupy an important place due to the possibility of direct observation of the sample areas of interest with high spatial resolution; however, the harsh conditions of the electron microscope chamber impose significant restrictions on the possibilities of observing and manipulating unprotected liquids and related soft systems. To overcome these difficulties, in this work, we developed a methodology for direct probing of liquid-liquid interfaces with simultaneous control of the process using electron microscopy. Practically relevant liquid mixtures based on vacuum-compatible ionic liquid (IL) with water additives were probed with micrometer accuracy in real time inside an electron microscope chamber, which made it possible to reveal the role of specific ions aggregation and electrostatic phenomena in the stabilization of liquid microdomains. To test the versatility of the proposed approach, the morphology of a typical IL/water mixture was examined using a series of electron microscopes of various configurations, and it was shown that the best level of contrast between two chemically related liquid phases can be obtained in the case of a cold field emission electron source in combination with an in-lens secondary electron detector, regardless of the specific instrument manufacturer.

深入了解具有液-液相界的软物质系统的过程对于材料科学、化学和生命科学尤为重要。为研究液体系统的界面特性，人们提出了多种物理化学技术。其中，电子显微镜方法占据了重要地位，因为它可以直接观察感兴趣的样品区域，并具有很高的空间分辨率；然而，电子显微镜室的苛刻条件对观察和操作未受保护的液体和相关软系统造成了很大限制。为了克服这些困难，在这项工作中，我们开发了一种直接探测液-液界面的方法，同时利用电子显微镜对这一过程进行控制。我们在电子显微镜室内对基于真空兼容离子液体（IL）和水添加剂的实际相关液体混合物进行了微米级精度的实时探测，从而揭示了特定离子聚集和静电现象在稳定液体微域中的作用。为了测试所提议方法的通用性，使用一系列不同配置的电子显微镜对典型的IL/水混合物的形态进行了检测，结果表明，无论具体的仪器制造商是谁，冷场发射电子源与镜头内二次电子探测器相结合的方法都能获得两种化学性质相关的液相之间的最佳对比度。

{"title":"Direct method for microscale manipulation at liquid-liquid interfaces in ionic liquid media with real-time electron microscopy observation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A deep understanding of the processes in soft matter systems with liquid-liquid phase boundaries is of particular importance for materials science, chemistry and life sciences. A vast variety of physicochemical techniques have been proposed for the study of interfacial properties of liquid systems. Among them, electron microscopy methods occupy an important place due to the possibility of direct observation of the sample areas of interest with high spatial resolution; however, the harsh conditions of the electron microscope chamber impose significant restrictions on the possibilities of observing and manipulating unprotected liquids and related soft systems. To overcome these difficulties, in this work, we developed a methodology for direct probing of liquid-liquid interfaces with simultaneous control of the process using electron microscopy. Practically relevant liquid mixtures based on vacuum-compatible ionic liquid (IL) with water additives were probed with micrometer accuracy in real time inside an electron microscope chamber, which made it possible to reveal the role of specific ions aggregation and electrostatic phenomena in the stabilization of liquid microdomains. To test the versatility of the proposed approach, the morphology of a typical IL/water mixture was examined using a series of electron microscopes of various configurations, and it was shown that the best level of contrast between two chemically related liquid phases can be obtained in the case of a cold field emission electron source in combination with an in-lens secondary electron detector, regardless of the specific instrument manufacturer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergistic bactericidal activity of chlorhexidine loaded on positively charged ionic liquid-protected silver nanoparticles as a root canal disinfectant against Enterococcus faecalis: An ex vivo study 洗必泰负载在带正电荷的离子液体保护银纳米粒子上作为根管消毒剂对粪肠球菌的协同杀菌活性：体内外研究

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100117

The advancement of nanotechnology and the development of nanocomplexes offer promising solutions to address the limitations in biofilm management within endodontics. Current cleaning and disinfection methods often fail to completely eliminate bacterial biofilms from the complex anatomical structures of root canals, making the invention of new disinfectants or disinfection methods highly relevant. Previously, chlorhexidine-loaded positively charged ionic liquid-protected silver nanoparticles (CHX@AgNPs⁺) were introduced as an innovative root canal irrigation solution, demonstrating significant antibacterial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. This study aimed to further evaluate the antibiofilm activity of CHX@AgNPs⁺ in the root canals of extracted human teeth contaminated with E. faecalis biofilm. Fifty single-rooted human teeth with mature apices were randomly assigned to five experimental groups based on the irrigants used: CHX@AgNPs⁺, AgNPs⁺, 2.5 % NaOCl, 2 % CHX, and normal saline (n = 10 per group). The root canals were contaminated with E. faecalis, and biofilm formation was confirmed. Initial sampling (S1) was performed, followed by mechanical preparation of the root canals using ProTaper F3 files and irrigation with the respective test solutions. Post-instrumentation sampling (S2) was then conducted. The results demonstrated that CHX@AgNPs⁺ exhibited antibiofilm properties comparable to 2.5 % NaOCl, with no significant difference between them. Additionally, CHX@AgNPs⁺ significantly enhanced antimicrobial efficacy compared to CHX alone (P < 0.05), highlighting its potential as an effective root canal disinfectant.

纳米技术的进步和纳米复合物的开发为解决根管治疗中生物膜管理的局限性提供了前景广阔的解决方案。目前的清洁和消毒方法往往无法彻底清除根管复杂解剖结构中的细菌生物膜，因此发明新的消毒剂或消毒方法非常重要。此前，一种创新的根管冲洗溶液--含氯己定的带正电离子液体保护银纳米粒子（CHX@AgNPs⁺）被引入，在体外对粪肠球菌有显著的抗菌效果。本研究旨在进一步评估 CHX@AgNPs⁺ 在被粪肠球菌生物膜污染的人类拔牙根管中的抗生物膜活性。根据所使用的冲洗剂，50 颗单根成熟根尖的人类牙齿被随机分配到五个实验组：CHX@AgNPs⁺、AgNPs⁺、2.5 % NaOCl、2 % CHX 和生理盐水（每组 10 人）。根管被粪大肠杆菌污染，并确认形成了生物膜。首先进行初始取样（S1），然后使用 ProTaper F3 锉对根管进行机械制备，并用相应的测试溶液进行灌洗。然后进行仪器后取样（S2）。结果表明，CHX@AgNPs⁺ 的抗生物膜特性与 2.5 % NaOCl 相当，两者之间没有显著差异。此外，与单独使用 CHX 相比，CHX@AgNPs⁺ 的抗菌效果显著提高（P <0.05），突出了其作为一种有效根管消毒剂的潜力。

{"title":"Synergistic bactericidal activity of chlorhexidine loaded on positively charged ionic liquid-protected silver nanoparticles as a root canal disinfectant against Enterococcus faecalis: An ex vivo study","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of nanotechnology and the development of nanocomplexes offer promising solutions to address the limitations in biofilm management within endodontics. Current cleaning and disinfection methods often fail to completely eliminate bacterial biofilms from the complex anatomical structures of root canals, making the invention of new disinfectants or disinfection methods highly relevant. Previously, chlorhexidine-loaded positively charged ionic liquid-protected silver nanoparticles (CHX@AgNPs⁺) were introduced as an innovative root canal irrigation solution, demonstrating significant antibacterial efficacy against <em>Enterococcus faecalis</em> in vitro. This study aimed to further evaluate the antibiofilm activity of CHX@AgNPs⁺ in the root canals of extracted human teeth contaminated with <em>E. faecalis</em> biofilm. Fifty single-rooted human teeth with mature apices were randomly assigned to five experimental groups based on the irrigants used: CHX@AgNPs⁺, AgNPs⁺, 2.5 % NaOCl, 2 % CHX, and normal saline (<em>n</em> = 10 per group). The root canals were contaminated with <em>E. faecalis</em>, and biofilm formation was confirmed. Initial sampling (S1) was performed, followed by mechanical preparation of the root canals using ProTaper F3 files and irrigation with the respective test solutions. Post-instrumentation sampling (S2) was then conducted. The results demonstrated that CHX@AgNPs⁺ exhibited antibiofilm properties comparable to 2.5 % NaOCl, with no significant difference between them. Additionally, CHX@AgNPs⁺ significantly enhanced antimicrobial efficacy compared to CHX alone (<em>P</em> < 0.05), highlighting its potential as an effective root canal disinfectant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A review of CO2 capture for amine-based deep eutectic solvents 胺类深共晶溶剂的二氧化碳捕集综述

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100114

Carbon Dioxide can be naturally produced and make up of 0.04 percent in the earth's atmosphere. However, centuries by centuries follows by the modernization of humans, it has escalated to the state of causing inimical impacts towards the human and environment. Additionally, one of the most important fuel sources in the world, natural gas, in its raw state contains high levels of CO₂ that must be removed to avoid issue such heating value reduction and pipeline corrosion concurrently reduces the effect towards environment. To tackle this issue, the development of CO₂ absorbent capable of absorbing large amount of CO₂ hence reducing the effects it has towards the environment has become a topic among researchers this past decades. Conventionally, the use of amine such as alkanolamine have been implemented to capture CO₂, yet it flaws outclass its uses such as limited ability to take up CO₂ and high corrosivity. Following this, ionic liquids (ILs), a new species of solvent, came to be in the limelight since they are tunable according to their function, including carbon capture. Nonetheless, in recent years, a newly discovered green solvent, deep eutectic solvent (DES) stole the limelight. This absorbent was claimed to retain all the advantages and desirable properties of ionic liquids while eliminating some of their greatest limitations. In this review, we examined the potential for carbon capture using multiple amine-based deep eutectic solvents and explored the role of including a third compartment as a performance enhancement mechanism. Last but not least, we are anticipating the publication of future species of amine-based deep eutectic solvents, which will include more information that had previously been considered scarce, such as its level of toxicity, its economic validation, and the evidence of melting point reduction.

二氧化碳是自然产生的，在地球大气中占 0.04%。然而，几个世纪以来，随着人类的现代化进程，二氧化碳已经升级到对人类和环境造成有害影响的程度。此外，作为世界上最重要的燃料来源之一，天然气在其原始状态下含有大量二氧化碳，必须将其去除，以避免热值降低和管道腐蚀等问题，同时减少对环境的影响。为解决这一问题，过去几十年来，开发能够吸收大量二氧化碳从而减少其对环境影响的二氧化碳吸收剂已成为研究人员的一个课题。传统上，人们使用胺类物质（如烷醇胺）来捕捉二氧化碳，但其缺点是吸收二氧化碳的能力有限且腐蚀性强。随后，离子液体（ILs）这一新型溶剂因其可根据功能（包括碳捕获）进行调整而备受关注。然而，近年来，一种新发现的绿色溶剂--深共晶溶剂（DES）抢尽了风头。据称这种吸收剂保留了离子液体的所有优点和理想特性，同时消除了离子液体的一些最大局限性。在本综述中，我们研究了使用多种胺类深共晶溶剂进行碳捕集的潜力，并探讨了将第三个隔室作为性能增强机制的作用。最后但并非最不重要的一点是，我们期待着未来胺类深共晶溶剂品种的出版，其中将包括更多以前被认为是稀缺的信息，例如其毒性水平、经济性验证以及熔点降低的证据。

{"title":"A review of CO2 capture for amine-based deep eutectic solvents","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon Dioxide can be naturally produced and make up of 0.04 percent in the earth's atmosphere. However, centuries by centuries follows by the modernization of humans, it has escalated to the state of causing inimical impacts towards the human and environment. Additionally, one of the most important fuel sources in the world, natural gas, in its raw state contains high levels of CO<sub>2</sub> that must be removed to avoid issue such heating value reduction and pipeline corrosion concurrently reduces the effect towards environment. To tackle this issue, the development of CO<sub>2</sub> absorbent capable of absorbing large amount of CO<sub>2</sub> hence reducing the effects it has towards the environment has become a topic among researchers this past decades. Conventionally, the use of amine such as alkanolamine have been implemented to capture CO<sub>2</sub>, yet it flaws outclass its uses such as limited ability to take up CO<sub>2</sub> and high corrosivity. Following this, ionic liquids (ILs), a new species of solvent, came to be in the limelight since they are tunable according to their function, including carbon capture. Nonetheless, in recent years, a newly discovered green solvent, deep eutectic solvent (DES) stole the limelight. This absorbent was claimed to retain all the advantages and desirable properties of ionic liquids while eliminating some of their greatest limitations. In this review, we examined the potential for carbon capture using multiple amine-based deep eutectic solvents and explored the role of including a third compartment as a performance enhancement mechanism. Last but not least, we are anticipating the publication of future species of amine-based deep eutectic solvents, which will include more information that had previously been considered scarce, such as its level of toxicity, its economic validation, and the evidence of melting point reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thermophysical properties, and figures-of-merit analyses of nanodiamond/CuO ionanofluids: Experimental and artificial neural network predictions 纳米金刚石/氧化铜离子流体的热物理性质和性能分析：实验和人工神经网络预测

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100113

The nanodiamond/copper oxide (ND/CuO) nanoparticles were dispersed into 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMiM]Cl to create ionanofluids. The experiments were performed to analyse the thermophysical properties under particle volume loadings from 0.2 % to 1.0 %, and temperature ranging from 30 to 60 °C. Theoretical approach was made to understand the Figures-of-Merit (FoM) of the prepared ionanofluids, while they flow in a tube, and helical coil through the evaluated thermophysical properties. The lower thermal conductivity augment of 14.27 % was noticed at 0.2% vol. and larger thermal conductivity enhancement of 35.20 % was noticed at 1.0% vol. and at a temperature of 60 °C, against the base fluid. Moreover, the viscosity of 1.0% vol. of ionanofluid was enhanced by 61.66 % at a temperature of 30 °C, over the base fluid. The other properties like density was increased with an increase of volume loadings, and specific heat was decreased with an increase of volume loadings. The FoM results indicated that, all the prepared volume concentrations of ionanofluids flow in a tube was benefited fluid when the fluid operating temperature was exceeds to 35 °C, on the other side, the prepared ionanofluids flow in a helical coil was benefited fluid when its operating temperature was above 30 °C for 0.8 %, and 1.0% vol. loadings. The estimated thermophysical properties were also used as input and output data for an artificial neural network of Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm. It is noticed from the LM algorithm results, the predicted data is well agreed with an experimental data. For all the data, the correlation coefficient (R²) of thermal conductivity is 0.99283, viscosity is 0.9971, density is 0.99887, and specific heat is 0.99817, was observed, respectively.

将纳米金刚石/氧化铜（ND/CuO）纳米粒子分散到 1-乙基-3-甲基氯化咪唑[EMiM]Cl 中，制成离子流体。实验分析了颗粒体积负载从 0.2 % 到 1.0 %、温度从 30 ℃ 到 60 ℃ 时的热物理性质。通过理论方法了解了制备的离子液体在管中和螺旋线圈中流动时的性能系数（FoM），并对热物理性质进行了评估。与基础流体相比，0.2% 体积的离子流体的热传导率提高了 14.27%，1.0% 体积的离子流体的热传导率提高了 35.20%，温度为 60 °C。此外，在温度为 30 °C 时，1.0% 体积的离子流体的粘度比基础流体提高了 61.66%。其他特性如密度随体积负荷的增加而增加，比热随体积负荷的增加而降低。FoM 结果表明，当流体工作温度超过 35 ℃ 时，所有制备的离子液体在管中流动的体积浓度都有利于流体；另一方面，当工作温度高于 30 ℃ 时，制备的离子液体在螺旋线圈中流动的体积浓度为 0.8 % 和 1.0 % 时，都有利于流体。估计的热物理性质也被用作 Levenberg-Marquardt 算法人工神经网络的输入和输出数据。从 LM 算法的结果可以看出，预测数据与实验数据非常吻合。在所有数据中，热导率的相关系数（R2）为 0.99283，粘度为 0.9971，密度为 0.99887，比热为 0.99817。

{"title":"Thermophysical properties, and figures-of-merit analyses of nanodiamond/CuO ionanofluids: Experimental and artificial neural network predictions","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100113","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100113","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The nanodiamond/copper oxide (ND/CuO) nanoparticles were dispersed into 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [EMiM]Cl to create ionanofluids. The experiments were performed to analyse the thermophysical properties under particle volume loadings from 0.2 % to 1.0 %, and temperature ranging from 30 to 60 °C. Theoretical approach was made to understand the Figures-of-Merit (FoM) of the prepared ionanofluids, while they flow in a tube, and helical coil through the evaluated thermophysical properties. The lower thermal conductivity augment of 14.27 % was noticed at 0.2% vol. and larger thermal conductivity enhancement of 35.20 % was noticed at 1.0% vol. and at a temperature of 60 °C, against the base fluid. Moreover, the viscosity of 1.0% vol. of ionanofluid was enhanced by 61.66 % at a temperature of 30 °C, over the base fluid. The other properties like density was increased with an increase of volume loadings, and specific heat was decreased with an increase of volume loadings. The FoM results indicated that, all the prepared volume concentrations of ionanofluids flow in a tube was benefited fluid when the fluid operating temperature was exceeds to 35 °C, on the other side, the prepared ionanofluids flow in a helical coil was benefited fluid when its operating temperature was above 30 °C for 0.8 %, and 1.0% vol. loadings. The estimated thermophysical properties were also used as input and output data for an artificial neural network of Levenberg-Marquardt (LM) algorithm. It is noticed from the LM algorithm results, the predicted data is well agreed with an experimental data. For all the data, the correlation coefficient (R<sup>2</sup>) of thermal conductivity is 0.99283, viscosity is 0.9971, density is 0.99887, and specific heat is 0.99817, was observed, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142426101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anion exchange effect on structural, antibacterial activity and molecular docking of 1-methyl-3-(4-vinylbenzyl) imidazol-3-ium chloride/bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide/hexaflurophosphate: Experimental and DFT approach 阴离子交换对 1-甲基-3-(4-乙烯基苄基)咪唑-3-鎓氯化物/双(三氟甲基磺酰基)亚胺/六氟磷酸盐的结构、抗菌活性和分子对接的影响：实验和 DFT 方法

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100115

The impact of NTF₂⁻ and PF₆⁻ anions on the physical, chemical and antibacterial characteristics of ionic liquids (ILs) based 1-methyl-3-(4-vinylbenzyl) imidazol-3-ium VBMIM⁺ cations is the subject of this work. The molecular structures were compared to the DFT-optimized ones after being investigated experimentally using FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. As a result, the different vibrational modes were identified and assigned. However, DSC and TGA have been used to examine the thermal properties of the ILs. The compounds depicted good thermal stability. Furthermore, different parameters were computed to get insights on the stability and reactivity of the chemical. The ILs were tested for their antibacterial and fungicidal activities against nine reference strains of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Finally, the discovered biological results were supported by the molecular docking analysis.

NTF2- 和 PF6- 阴离子对基于 1-甲基-3-（4-乙烯基苄基）咪唑-3-鎓 VBMIM+ 阳离子的离子液体（ILs）的物理、化学和抗菌特性的影响是本研究的主题。在使用傅立叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振光谱进行实验研究之后，将分子结构与 DFT 优化的分子结构进行了比较。结果，确定并分配了不同的振动模式。然而，DSC 和 TGA 被用来检测 IL 的热特性。这些化合物具有良好的热稳定性。此外，还计算了不同的参数，以深入了解化学物质的稳定性和反应性。针对九种参考菌株（革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌）测试了这些 IL 的抗菌和杀真菌活性。最后，分子对接分析支持了所发现的生物学结果。

引用次数: 0

Stability of melatonin in eutectic systems: New avenues in therapeutic product development 褪黑素在共晶体系中的稳定性：治疗产品开发的新途径

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100112

Melatonin is an indoleamine with functions as neurohormone, that is well known as pharmaceutical or healthcare product. Like many pharmaceutical compounds, melatonin is recognized to be an unstable molecule, principally sensitive to light and high temperatures. Storage conditions, including temperature and light, over different storage periods have been considered as important factors in melatonin degradation. This research describes for the first time, the utilization of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as green alternatives to organic solvents for improving the stability of the hormone under various storage conditions. The results showed that temperature and light effect on melatonin content during the storage presented a diverse behavior according to the solvent. At low temperatures, the hydrophilic eutectic systems based on choline chloride-glycerol and lactic acid-glucose, along with water, were the most effective in extending the shelf life of the hormone compared to conventional solvents. However, at high temperature, this behavior was reversed. Regarding the effect of light, it significantly affects the stability of melatonin, primarily UV exposure. The eutectic systems appear to be the best medium for melatonin stability under this condition. These findings highlight the potential of NADES for their protective role in the stability of the compound that could be explained in terms of their viscosity and the hydrogen bond interactions within the solute and the eutectic systems.

褪黑素是一种吲哚胺，具有神经激素的功能，是众所周知的药品或保健品。与许多药物化合物一样，褪黑素被认为是一种不稳定分子，主要对光和高温敏感。不同储存期的储存条件（包括温度和光照）被认为是褪黑素降解的重要因素。本研究首次介绍了利用天然深共晶溶剂（NADES）作为有机溶剂的绿色替代品，以提高褪黑素在各种储存条件下的稳定性。研究结果表明，不同溶剂在储存过程中对褪黑素含量的温度和光照影响各不相同。在低温条件下，与传统溶剂相比，基于氯化胆碱-甘油和乳酸-葡萄糖的亲水共晶体系以及水在延长激素保质期方面最为有效。然而，在高温条件下，这种行为发生了逆转。关于光的影响，它对褪黑素的稳定性有很大影响，主要是紫外线照射。在这种情况下，共晶体系似乎是褪黑素稳定性的最佳介质。这些发现凸显了 NADES 在化合物稳定性方面的潜在保护作用，这可以从 NADES 的粘度以及溶质和共晶体系中的氢键相互作用来解释。

{"title":"Stability of melatonin in eutectic systems: New avenues in therapeutic product development","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Melatonin is an indoleamine with functions as neurohormone, that is well known as pharmaceutical or healthcare product. Like many pharmaceutical compounds, melatonin is recognized to be an unstable molecule, principally sensitive to light and high temperatures. Storage conditions, including temperature and light, over different storage periods have been considered as important factors in melatonin degradation. This research describes for the first time, the utilization of natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) as green alternatives to organic solvents for improving the stability of the hormone under various storage conditions. The results showed that temperature and light effect on melatonin content during the storage presented a diverse behavior according to the solvent. At low temperatures, the hydrophilic eutectic systems based on choline chloride-glycerol and lactic acid-glucose, along with water, were the most effective in extending the shelf life of the hormone compared to conventional solvents. However, at high temperature, this behavior was reversed. Regarding the effect of light, it significantly affects the stability of melatonin, primarily UV exposure. The eutectic systems appear to be the best medium for melatonin stability under this condition. These findings highlight the potential of NADES for their protective role in the stability of the compound that could be explained in terms of their viscosity and the hydrogen bond interactions within the solute and the eutectic systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422024000351/pdfft?md5=c670003b7ae522b9532e4c7e45639d9c&pid=1-s2.0-S2772422024000351-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable and versatile Aza-Michael additions promoted by acidic ionic liquids 酸性离子液体促进的可持续多功能 Aza-Michael 添加反应

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-09-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100111

Acidic ionic liquids are a subset of ionic liquids where the cation or anion possess acidic properties with huge applications in various fields. Here we describe environmentally safe and highly efficient conjugate addition of aromatic and aliphatic amines to α, β-unsaturated compounds in the presence of novel acidic ionic liquids. The acidic ionic liquid catalyst was prepared by combining benzyl chloride with 2-(dimethylamino) ethanol and SnCl₂ in a simpler manner. The resulting acidic ionic liquid was characterized using SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. In the presence of ionic liquids, a wide variety of amines undergo facile conjugate addition to α, β-unsaturated compounds affording the corresponding β-amino compounds in good to excellent yields (72–97 %), shorter reaction times (1–4 h) and mild reaction conditions (60 °C). Furthermore, the study demonstrated the sustainability of the process by showcasing that the acidic ionic liquids could be reclaimed and reused for up to five cycles without compromising their catalytic effectiveness.

酸性离子液体是离子液体的一个子集，其中的阳离子或阴离子具有酸性，在各个领域有着广泛的应用。在此，我们介绍了在新型酸性离子液体存在下，芳香族和脂肪族胺与α、β-不饱和化合物的环境安全且高效的共轭加成反应。酸性离子液体催化剂是通过将氯化苄与 2-（二甲基氨基）乙醇和氯化锡以更简单的方式结合起来制备的。利用 SEM、EDS 和 FTIR 光谱对制备的酸性离子液体进行了表征。在离子液体存在的情况下，多种胺能与α、β-不饱和化合物发生简便的轭合加成反应，生成相应的 β-氨基化合物，产率从良好到极佳（72-97%），反应时间较短（1-4 小时），反应条件温和（60 °C）。此外，该研究还证明了该工艺的可持续性，酸性离子液体可以回收并重复使用长达五个周期，而不会影响其催化效果。

{"title":"Sustainable and versatile Aza-Michael additions promoted by acidic ionic liquids","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acidic ionic liquids are a subset of ionic liquids where the cation or anion possess acidic properties with huge applications in various fields. Here we describe environmentally safe and highly efficient conjugate addition of aromatic and aliphatic amines to α, β-unsaturated compounds in the presence of novel acidic ionic liquids. The acidic ionic liquid catalyst was prepared by combining benzyl chloride with 2-(dimethylamino) ethanol and SnCl<sub>2</sub> in a simpler manner. The resulting acidic ionic liquid was characterized using SEM, EDS and FTIR spectroscopy. In the presence of ionic liquids, a wide variety of amines undergo facile conjugate addition to α, β-unsaturated compounds affording the corresponding β-amino compounds in good to excellent yields (72–97 %), shorter reaction times (1–4 h) and mild reaction conditions (60 °C). Furthermore, the study demonstrated the sustainability of the process by showcasing that the acidic ionic liquids could be reclaimed and reused for up to five cycles without compromising their catalytic effectiveness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S277242202400034X/pdfft?md5=3207224614e018fdfabad8e5a2de36f7&pid=1-s2.0-S277242202400034X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142233008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zn-containing ionic liquids as effective catalysts for the condensation of camphor with diamines 含锌离子液体作为樟脑与二胺缩合的有效催化剂

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100110

The study is dedicated to the investigation of the catalytic activity of zinc carboxylates in the condensation reaction of camphor with aliphatic diamines. The reaction of camphor with 1,6-hexanediamine was selected as the model system. The research demonstrated that the reaction does not proceed without a catalyst, while the use of zinc carboxylates as catalysts leads to a higher conversion and selectivity compared to the classical catalyst for this reaction, Et₂O∙BF₃. The best results were achieved using zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, which provided an 88.4 % conversion of camphor and a 76.9 % selectivity for the formation of diimine. It was established that the catalytic activity of zinc carboxylates in the condensation reaction of camphor with diamines is related to the structure of the acid residue of the salt. Based on the obtained data, a reaction mechanism was proposed, associated with the formation of a complex between the zinc carboxylate and the initial amine, which is confirmed by FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopic data.

本研究致力于探讨羧酸锌在樟脑与脂肪族二胺的缩合反应中的催化活性。研究选择了樟脑与 1,6-己二胺的反应作为模型体系。研究表明，该反应在没有催化剂的情况下无法进行，而与该反应的传统催化剂 Et2O∙BF3 相比，使用羧酸锌作为催化剂可获得更高的转化率和选择性。使用 2- 乙基己酸锌取得的效果最好，樟脑的转化率为 88.4%，二亚胺的选择性为 76.9%。研究证实，羧酸锌在樟脑与二胺的缩合反应中的催化活性与盐的酸残基结构有关。根据获得的数据，提出了与羧酸锌和初始胺之间形成复合物有关的反应机理，傅里叶变换红外光谱和紫外-可见光谱数据证实了这一点。

{"title":"Zn-containing ionic liquids as effective catalysts for the condensation of camphor with diamines","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study is dedicated to the investigation of the catalytic activity of zinc carboxylates in the condensation reaction of camphor with aliphatic diamines. The reaction of camphor with 1,6-hexanediamine was selected as the model system. The research demonstrated that the reaction does not proceed without a catalyst, while the use of zinc carboxylates as catalysts leads to a higher conversion and selectivity compared to the classical catalyst for this reaction, Et<sub>2</sub>O∙BF<sub>3</sub>. The best results were achieved using zinc 2-ethylhexanoate, which provided an 88.4 % conversion of camphor and a 76.9 % selectivity for the formation of diimine. It was established that the catalytic activity of zinc carboxylates in the condensation reaction of camphor with diamines is related to the structure of the acid residue of the salt. Based on the obtained data, a reaction mechanism was proposed, associated with the formation of a complex between the zinc carboxylate and the initial amine, which is confirmed by FTIR and UV–vis spectroscopic data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422024000338/pdfft?md5=0b2420832c8fbf2c04ee7ee81faed6cf&pid=1-s2.0-S2772422024000338-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142097025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of anion α-functionalization on the water affinity of thermo-responsive phosphonium acetate-derived ionic liquids 阴离子 α 功能化对热响应型醋酸鏻离子液体亲水性的影响

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100107

This study presents a facile method for assessing the effect of anion functional group substitution on the water affinity of phosphonium-acetate ionic liquids. By combining the same cation with three different α-substituted carboxylate anions, the effect of anion functional group substitution on the IL miscibility with water and hygroscopicity was experimentally evaluated and rationalized using COSMO-RS sigma profile analysis. Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase separation experiments and water vapor partial pressure measurements revealed that there is a stark α-substitution dependency on the affinity of water for acetate [AcO], pivalate [PivO], and trifluoroacetate [TFA] derived tributyl(octyl)phosphonium [P₄₄₄₈] ILs. It was found that the IL water affinities varied as: [P₄₄₄₈][AcO] > [P₄₄₄₈][PivO] > [P₄₄₄₈][TFA]. With the lowest water partial pressure and no LCST driven phase separation, [P₄₄₄₈][AcO] exhibited a high affinity for water. On the other hand, [P₄₄₄₈][PivO] and [P₄₄₄₈][TFA] exhibited LCST-driven phase separation and room temperature immiscibility, respectively, with higher water partial pressures, as a result of relatively weak water affinities. COSMO-RS sigma profile analysis revealed that the aliphatic carboxylate anions should incorporate apolar interactions commensurate with or greater than the polar hydrogen bond acceptor interactions for phase immiscibility of the corresponding IL with water. It was found that the relative magnitudes of apolar and polar interactions, assessed using the anion sigma profile peak intensity ratio (I_r), are directly correlated with the IL water affinity, and inversely correlated with the solution water activity coefficient. Therefore, it was concluded that I_r forms a quantitative link between the structural changes at the molecular level and the bulk water affinity exhibited by the ionic liquid as a whole.

本研究提出了一种简便的方法，用于评估阴离子官能团取代对鏻-醋酸盐离子液体水亲和性的影响。通过将相同的阳离子与三种不同的α-取代羧酸根阴离子相结合，实验评估了阴离子官能团取代对离子液体与水的混溶性和吸湿性的影响，并利用 COSMO-RS 西格玛曲线分析进行了合理解释。低临界溶液温度（LCST）相分离实验和水蒸气分压测量结果表明，水对醋酸盐[AcO]、特戊酸盐[PivO]和三氟乙酸盐[TFA]衍生的三丁基（辛基）膦[P4448]IL 的亲和力与α-取代度密切相关。研究发现，IL 的亲水性随下列因素变化：[P4448][AcO] > [P4448][PivO] > [P4448][TFA]。在水分压最低且无 LCST 驱动相分离的情况下，[P4448][AcO] 对水的亲和力较高。另一方面，[P4448][PivO]和[P4448][TFA]由于与水的亲和力相对较弱，在水分压较高时分别表现出 LCST 驱动的相分离和室温不相溶。COSMO-RS 西格玛曲线分析表明，脂肪族羧酸阴离子应结合与极性氢键受体相互作用相称或大于极性氢键受体相互作用的非极性相互作用，以实现相应的 IL 与水的相不溶性。研究发现，使用阴离子σ剖面峰强度比（Ir）评估的非极性和极性相互作用的相对大小与 IL 的水亲和性直接相关，而与溶液水活性系数成反比。因此，得出的结论是，Ir 在分子层面的结构变化与离子液体整体表现出的大量水亲和力之间形成了定量联系。

{"title":"Effect of anion α-functionalization on the water affinity of thermo-responsive phosphonium acetate-derived ionic liquids","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents a facile method for assessing the effect of anion functional group substitution on the water affinity of phosphonium-acetate ionic liquids. By combining the same cation with three different α-substituted carboxylate anions, the effect of anion functional group substitution on the IL miscibility with water and hygroscopicity was experimentally evaluated and rationalized using COSMO-RS sigma profile analysis. Lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase separation experiments and water vapor partial pressure measurements revealed that there is a stark α-substitution dependency on the affinity of water for acetate [AcO], pivalate [PivO], and trifluoroacetate [TFA] derived tributyl(octyl)phosphonium [P<sub>4448</sub>] ILs. It was found that the IL water affinities varied as: [P<sub>4448</sub>][AcO] > [P<sub>4448</sub>][PivO] > [P<sub>4448</sub>][TFA]. With the lowest water partial pressure and no LCST driven phase separation, [P<sub>4448</sub>][AcO] exhibited a high affinity for water. On the other hand, [P<sub>4448</sub>][PivO] and [P<sub>4448</sub>][TFA] exhibited LCST-driven phase separation and room temperature immiscibility, respectively, with higher water partial pressures, as a result of relatively weak water affinities. COSMO-RS sigma profile analysis revealed that the aliphatic carboxylate anions should incorporate apolar interactions commensurate with or greater than the polar hydrogen bond acceptor interactions for phase immiscibility of the corresponding IL with water. It was found that the relative magnitudes of apolar and polar interactions, assessed using the anion sigma profile peak intensity ratio (<em>I<sub>r</sub></em>), are directly correlated with the IL water affinity, and inversely correlated with the solution water activity coefficient. Therefore, it was concluded that <em>I<sub>r</sub></em> forms a quantitative link between the structural changes at the molecular level and the bulk water affinity exhibited by the ionic liquid as a whole.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422024000302/pdfft?md5=8f2a742e47ac517ffdc08cc81aa134b3&pid=1-s2.0-S2772422024000302-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141953600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The combination of taurine and cepharanthine as a composite antibacterial agent 牛磺酸和头花氨酸组合作为复合抗菌剂

Journal of Ionic Liquids

Pub Date : 2024-07-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2024.100108

The indiscriminate application of diverse broad-spectrum antimicrobials has escalated nosocomial infections into a critical global public health quandary. Currently, traditional antibiotics' efficacy against these infections becomes limited, necessitating a concerted pursuit of more efficacious antimicrobial agents. It is noteworthy that taurine (tau) and cepharanthine (cep) are both biologically active compounds, with taurine constituting a vital nutrient to human health and cepharanthine exhibiting certain antibacterial attributes. However, while cepharanthine displays intrinsic antibacterial features, its monomeric utility is constrained. This study thus investigated the formulation process of merging taurine with cepharanthine, and rigorously assessed the antimicrobial potential of the taurine-cepharanthine complex (denoted as [cep][tau]). The outcomes indicated that this complex, [cep][tau], exhibited antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which was on par with the efficacy of cepharanthine on its own. This observation implies that taurine did not antagonize the antibacterial potency of cepharanthine, offering novel avenues for the development of innovative pharmaceuticals targeting hospital-acquired infections.

各种广谱抗菌药物的滥用已使医院内感染升级为全球公共卫生的一大难题。目前，传统抗生素对这些感染的疗效有限，因此有必要共同寻求更有效的抗菌剂。值得注意的是，牛磺酸（tau）和头抱氨酸（cep）都是具有生物活性的化合物，其中牛磺酸是人类健康的重要营养素，而头抱氨酸则具有一定的抗菌特性。然而，虽然头花氨酸具有内在的抗菌特性，但其单体的用途却受到限制。因此，本研究调查了牛磺酸与头花氨酸的配制过程，并严格评估了牛磺酸-头花氨酸复合物（记为 [cep][tau]）的抗菌潜力。结果表明，[cep][tau] 复合物对金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎克雷伯氏菌具有抗菌活性，与单独使用头孢苋碱的效果相当。这一观察结果表明，牛磺酸不会拮抗头孢噻肟的抗菌效力，这为开发针对医院感染的创新药物提供了新的途径。

{"title":"The combination of taurine and cepharanthine as a composite antibacterial agent","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100108","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2024.100108","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The indiscriminate application of diverse broad-spectrum antimicrobials has escalated nosocomial infections into a critical global public health quandary. Currently, traditional antibiotics' efficacy against these infections becomes limited, necessitating a concerted pursuit of more efficacious antimicrobial agents. It is noteworthy that taurine (tau) and cepharanthine (cep) are both biologically active compounds, with taurine constituting a vital nutrient to human health and cepharanthine exhibiting certain antibacterial attributes. However, while cepharanthine displays intrinsic antibacterial features, its monomeric utility is constrained. This study thus investigated the formulation process of merging taurine with cepharanthine, and rigorously assessed the antimicrobial potential of the taurine-cepharanthine complex (denoted as [cep][tau]). The outcomes indicated that this complex, [cep][tau], exhibited antibacterial activity against <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Klebsiella pneumoniae</em>, which was on par with the efficacy of cepharanthine on its own. This observation implies that taurine did not antagonize the antibacterial potency of cepharanthine, offering novel avenues for the development of innovative pharmaceuticals targeting hospital-acquired infections.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772422024000314/pdfft?md5=82070fedc5b091f66dd2f73331a68625&pid=1-s2.0-S2772422024000314-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141850628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0