Pub Date : 2025-08-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100172
Mumtahina Mim , Khairul Habib , Sazratul Nayeem Farabi , Md Abu Zaed , R. Saidur
Ionic liquids are gaining attention for their potential in thermal energy storage due to their unique properties e.g. thermal and chemical stability, tunability, low volatility, and environmental friendliness. Ionic liquid-based nanocomposites have been a popular choice for batteries and supercapacitors and have been utilized as heat transfer fluids; however, no studies have been done with these nanomaterials in light-to-thermal energy applications. This research developed a novel binary imidazolium ionic liquid-based WO3/MgO nanocomposite and further studied its suitability in light-to-thermal energy conversion systems. The nanocomposite was integrated into 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, and 0.6 wt% concentrations with RT-54 to evaluate the thermophysical properties of the PCMs. A massive rise in optical absorptivity (233.33%) and enhanced thermal conductivity (20.81%) has been achieved. At the same time, the system exhibits thermal stability and excellent thermal reliability, where 0.6 wt% had the most thermal reliability and 0.4 wt% had the highest storage enhancements. With the proven well-rounded properties in our study, this genre of new materials will open new doors for future research in energy storage devices.
{"title":"Evaluation of novel binary imidazolium ionic liquid-based WO3/MgO nanocomposite for light-to-thermal energy conversion and storage- a preliminary study","authors":"Mumtahina Mim , Khairul Habib , Sazratul Nayeem Farabi , Md Abu Zaed , R. Saidur","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic liquids are gaining attention for their potential in thermal energy storage due to their unique properties e.g. thermal and chemical stability, tunability, low volatility, and environmental friendliness. Ionic liquid-based nanocomposites have been a popular choice for batteries and supercapacitors and have been utilized as heat transfer fluids; however, no studies have been done with these nanomaterials in light-to-thermal energy applications. This research developed a novel binary imidazolium ionic liquid-based WO<sub>3</sub>/MgO nanocomposite and further studied its suitability in light-to-thermal energy conversion systems. The nanocomposite was integrated into 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, and 0.6 wt% concentrations with RT-54 to evaluate the thermophysical properties of the PCMs. A massive rise in optical absorptivity (233.33%) and enhanced thermal conductivity (20.81%) has been achieved. At the same time, the system exhibits thermal stability and excellent thermal reliability, where 0.6 wt% had the most thermal reliability and 0.4 wt% had the highest storage enhancements. With the proven well-rounded properties in our study, this genre of new materials will open new doors for future research in energy storage devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100169
Kaoru Nobuoka , Kensuke Sumi , Satoshi Kitaoka
Taking advantage of the excellent dissolution ability of ionic liquids, which can also dissolve DNA and hydrophobic compounds, we investigated the homogeneous asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using DNA, a natural chiral source, and porphyrin copper(II) complexes as asymmetric catalysts in ionic liquid solutions. In [N4444][Gly], the reaction substrates were phase-separated, and the reaction mixture gelled or solidified at low temperatures, resulting in ineffective asymmetric catalysis. However, the reaction proceeded in a homogeneous system in 75 % [N1223][N(CN)2], which is not possible in water alone, and high yield, diastereoselectivity, and enantioselectivity were obtained at -20 °C. The utilization of ionic liquids as solvents would not only enable homogeneous reactions, but also reactions at low temperatures, and would be a powerful tool for high stereoselectivity in DNA-organometallic-catalyzed asymmetric reactions.
{"title":"Homogeneous asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using copper(II) porphyrin-DNA complexes as asymmetric catalysts in ionic liquid solutions","authors":"Kaoru Nobuoka , Kensuke Sumi , Satoshi Kitaoka","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taking advantage of the excellent dissolution ability of ionic liquids, which can also dissolve DNA and hydrophobic compounds, we investigated the homogeneous asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction using DNA, a natural chiral source, and porphyrin copper(II) complexes as asymmetric catalysts in ionic liquid solutions. In [N<sub>4444</sub>][Gly], the reaction substrates were phase-separated, and the reaction mixture gelled or solidified at low temperatures, resulting in ineffective asymmetric catalysis. However, the reaction proceeded in a homogeneous system in 75 % [N<sub>1223</sub>][N(CN)<sub>2</sub>], which is not possible in water alone, and high yield, diastereoselectivity, and enantioselectivity were obtained at -20 °C. The utilization of ionic liquids as solvents would not only enable homogeneous reactions, but also reactions at low temperatures, and would be a powerful tool for high stereoselectivity in DNA-organometallic-catalyzed asymmetric reactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100171
Kiem Do Van , Van Anh Tao Thi , Jose Pons Herrera , Tu Le Manh
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on choline chloride have been demonstrated to be effective as a leaching agent by their capability of dissolving metal oxides. However, the low solubility and slow kinetics of the DESs hinder their application in the extraction of metals from different sources. In this paper, two approaches for the recovery of cobalt (Co) and nickel-cobalt (Ni-Co) alloys from Nickel–Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) spent batteries using the DES as a leaching agent have been studied. From Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) measurements, a faster approach to selectively extract cobalt from the eutectic mixture has been proven. Electrochemical behavior and electrodeposition of Ni and Co metals from the cathodic powder of spent Ni-MH batteries dissolved in the DES solution have also been performed by electrochemical techniques such as CV and chronoamperometry (CA). Results from electrochemical techniques have verified the extractability of Ni and Co from DES liquor. Voltametric traces also offered a simple way to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the concentration of metallic ions dissolved in the DES. By analyzing the potentiostatic current density transients recorded from the DES liquor, it was possible to explain the mechanisms and kinetics of formation of the recovered materials on the glassy carbon electrode surface using a model composed of a 3D nucleation and diffusion-controlled growth of bimetallic nuclei on the growing surfaces. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE), after the potentiostatic electrodeposition, showed evidence of the formation of Ni and Co nuclei distributed all over the substrate surface. Meanwhile, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the successful recovery of Co and Ni-Co alloys separately using electrochemical means.
{"title":"On kinetics of leaching process and metals (Ni, Co) recovery from Ni-MH spent batteries using a deep eutectic solvent based on choline chloride","authors":"Kiem Do Van , Van Anh Tao Thi , Jose Pons Herrera , Tu Le Manh","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) based on choline chloride have been demonstrated to be effective as a leaching agent by their capability of dissolving metal oxides. However, the low solubility and slow kinetics of the DESs hinder their application in the extraction of metals from different sources. In this paper, two approaches for the recovery of cobalt (Co) and nickel-cobalt (Ni-Co) alloys from Nickel–Metal Hydride (Ni-MH) spent batteries using the DES as a leaching agent have been studied. From Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Inductively Coupled Plasma–Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES) measurements, a faster approach to selectively extract cobalt from the eutectic mixture has been proven. Electrochemical behavior and electrodeposition of Ni and Co metals from the cathodic powder of spent Ni-MH batteries dissolved in the DES solution have also been performed by electrochemical techniques such as CV and chronoamperometry (CA). Results from electrochemical techniques have verified the extractability of Ni and Co from DES liquor. Voltametric traces also offered a simple way to determine qualitatively and quantitatively the concentration of metallic ions dissolved in the DES. By analyzing the potentiostatic current density transients recorded from the DES liquor, it was possible to explain the mechanisms and kinetics of formation of the recovered materials on the glassy carbon electrode surface using a model composed of a 3D nucleation and diffusion-controlled growth of bimetallic nuclei on the growing surfaces. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE), after the potentiostatic electrodeposition, showed evidence of the formation of Ni and Co nuclei distributed all over the substrate surface. Meanwhile, Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses confirmed the successful recovery of Co and Ni-Co alloys separately using electrochemical means.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With the growing environmental concerns, numerous studies on the synthesis and application of ionic liquids (ILs) have been carried out. Researchers have investigated a trend in the development of ILs from natural renewable resources such as amino acids, also called amino acids-based ILs (AAILs). Unlike hazardous chemical solvents, AAILs are considered to obey the principles of green chemistry. This review compares the applications of AAILs with conventional ILs and covers the critical aspects. The first objective is to present an in-depth analysis of distinct synthetic methodologies tailored for the development of AAILs. The advantages and disadvantages of the various synthetic approaches are detailed. The second objective of this minireview also focuses on the ecotoxicity data and biodegradation data. The third objective of this minireview is to list AAILs for the extraction of metal ions, and AAILs as catalysts or solvents in organic transformation reactions in the recent five years. The last objective includes AAILs as anti-corrosion inhibitors, which is a useful aspect when the applications of AAILs are upscaled. All these objectives are compared with the conventional ILs where possible.
{"title":"From building blocks to innovations: a critical review of amino acid-based ionic liquids versus conventional ionic liquids","authors":"Monisha V, Revathi Raghunath , Anisha Guha , Sunaina Sunil, Harshana Gurumoorthy, Sunita Rajamani","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the growing environmental concerns, numerous studies on the synthesis and application of ionic liquids (ILs) have been carried out. Researchers have investigated a trend in the development of ILs from natural renewable resources such as amino acids, also called amino acids-based ILs (AAILs). Unlike hazardous chemical solvents, AAILs are considered to obey the principles of green chemistry. This review compares the applications of AAILs with conventional ILs and covers the critical aspects. The first objective is to present an in-depth analysis of distinct synthetic methodologies tailored for the development of AAILs. The advantages and disadvantages of the various synthetic approaches are detailed. The second objective of this minireview also focuses on the ecotoxicity data and biodegradation data. The third objective of this minireview is to list AAILs for the extraction of metal ions, and AAILs as catalysts or solvents in organic transformation reactions in the recent five years. The last objective includes AAILs as anti-corrosion inhibitors, which is a useful aspect when the applications of AAILs are upscaled. All these objectives are compared with the conventional ILs where possible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144867236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100165
Muhammad Nawaz , Muhammad Irfan , Khadija Zahra , Humbul Suleman , Mohamad Azmi Bustam , Abdulhalim Shah Maulud
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a promising class of green solvents, with various advantages over traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research trends and developments in applying DES as eco-friendly solvents. Using data from the Web of Science database, 2,262 research articles were analyzed from 2009 to 2023. The analysis reveals a significant increase in DES-related publications, growing from fewer than 20 articles per year in 2011 to more than 500 articles annually by 2023, reflecting the rising interest in this green chemistry field. Geographical and institutional distribution was assessed using a novel performance metric, the Research Impact Score (RIS), which integrated total publications, citations, citations per publication, and h-index. China is the leading contributor, with 863 publications and 28,944 citations with RIS of 0.86. Mjalli, Farouq S., from Sultan Qaboos University, Oman, leads in total publications (38) and total citations (3,166) with an outstanding RIS of 0.91. Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, emerges as the most balanced and impactful institution with a high publication output (49), the highest total citations (3,741), and a leading RIS of 0.98. "Journal of Molecular Liquids" emerged as the most active publishing source related to DES research, with 205 articles. Moreover, DESs demonstrated superior extraction efficiency, particularly in bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. These findings underscore the innovative potential of DESs in advancing sustainable chemical practices and providing valuable insights into future research directions, aiming to further develop and apply DESs across various scientific and industrial fields.
深共晶溶剂（DESs）具有传统有机溶剂和离子液体所无法比拟的诸多优点，是一种极具发展前景的绿色溶剂。本研究对DES作为环保溶剂的研究趋势和发展进行了全面的文献计量学分析。利用Web of Science数据库的数据，分析了2009年至2023年期间的2262篇研究论文。分析显示，与des相关的出版物显著增加，从2011年的每年不到20篇增加到2023年的每年500多篇，反映了对这一绿色化学领域的兴趣日益浓厚。地理和机构分布的评估使用了一种新的绩效指标——研究影响评分（RIS），该指标综合了总出版物、引用、每篇出版物的引用和h指数。中国是主要贡献者，发表了863篇论文，引用28,944次，RIS为0.86。阿曼苏丹卡布斯大学的Mjalli， Farouq S.在总发表量（38篇）和总引用量（3166篇）方面领先，RIS为0.91。马来西亚的马来亚大学（Universiti Malaya）是最平衡、最具影响力的大学，其发表量高（49），总引用量最高（3,741），RIS最高（0.98）。《Journal of Molecular liquid》是与DES研究相关的最活跃的出版来源，有205篇文章。此外，DESs在生物活性化合物（如酚类化合物和类黄酮）的提取中表现出优异的效率。这些发现强调了DESs在推进可持续化学实践方面的创新潜力，并为未来的研究方向提供了有价值的见解，旨在进一步开发和应用DESs在各个科学和工业领域。
{"title":"Quantifying green innovation: A bibliometric analysis of deep eutectic solvents and applications as eco-friendly solvents","authors":"Muhammad Nawaz , Muhammad Irfan , Khadija Zahra , Humbul Suleman , Mohamad Azmi Bustam , Abdulhalim Shah Maulud","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have emerged as a promising class of green solvents, with various advantages over traditional organic solvents and ionic liquids. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research trends and developments in applying DES as eco-friendly solvents. Using data from the Web of Science database, 2,262 research articles were analyzed from 2009 to 2023. The analysis reveals a significant increase in DES-related publications, growing from fewer than 20 articles per year in 2011 to more than 500 articles annually by 2023, reflecting the rising interest in this green chemistry field. Geographical and institutional distribution was assessed using a novel performance metric, the Research Impact Score (RIS), which integrated total publications, citations, citations per publication, and h-index. China is the leading contributor, with 863 publications and 28,944 citations with RIS of 0.86. Mjalli, Farouq S., from Sultan Qaboos University, Oman, leads in total publications (38) and total citations (3,166) with an outstanding RIS of 0.91. Universiti Malaya, Malaysia, emerges as the most balanced and impactful institution with a high publication output (49), the highest total citations (3,741), and a leading RIS of 0.98. \"Journal of Molecular Liquids\" emerged as the most active publishing source related to DES research, with 205 articles. Moreover, DESs demonstrated superior extraction efficiency, particularly in bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. These findings underscore the innovative potential of DESs in advancing sustainable chemical practices and providing valuable insights into future research directions, aiming to further develop and apply DESs across various scientific and industrial fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144724533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-17DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100168
Najihah Mohd Noor , Amal A.M. Elgharbawy , Huma Warsi Khan , Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim , Muhammad Moniruzzaman , Mohd Firdaus Abd. Wahab , Hamzah Mohd Salleh , Siti Nur Idayu Matusin
Docetaxel (DTX), a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in cancer treatment, has limited therapeutic efficacy owing to its poor oral absorption and low bioavailability. This study aims to improve DTX solubility by predicting its compatibility with ionic liquids (ILs) using conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) computational modelling. A library of 340 ILs comprising 17 cations and 20 anions was screened for their potential to dissolve DTX, with a particular focus on imidazolium-based ILs that enhance its solubility and pertinence to cytotoxic applications. Computational analysis identifies ILs containing cations such as 1-methylimidazolium [MIM] and 1,3-dimethylimidazolium [DMIM] and anions such as [CH3COO–], [Br–], and [Cl–], which have high solubility potential for DTX. Parameters such as the activity coefficient, solubility, capacity, selectivity, and performance index were evaluated. The -profile of DTX shows a predominantly nonpolar surface with limited hydrogen bond acceptor regions, indicating that its solubility in ILs is primarily driven by nonpolar (dispersion) interactions, with minor contributions from hydrogen bonding. Although these findings identify several promising IL candidates for improving the solubility of DTX, experimental validation is essential to confirm these computational predictions and assess the suitability of selected ILs in pharmaceutical formulations. This study demonstrates the value of COSMO-RS as a predictive tool for pharmaceutical formulation design and provides a pathway to enhance drug delivery for chemotherapeutics with poor solubility.
{"title":"Targeting poor solubility of docetaxel: Computational screening of ionic liquids using COSMO-RS","authors":"Najihah Mohd Noor , Amal A.M. Elgharbawy , Huma Warsi Khan , Yumi Zuhanis Has-Yun Hashim , Muhammad Moniruzzaman , Mohd Firdaus Abd. Wahab , Hamzah Mohd Salleh , Siti Nur Idayu Matusin","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Docetaxel (DTX), a chemotherapeutic agent widely used in cancer treatment, has limited therapeutic efficacy owing to its poor oral absorption and low bioavailability. This study aims to improve DTX solubility by predicting its compatibility with ionic liquids (ILs) using conductor-like screening model for real solvents (COSMO-RS) computational modelling. A library of 340 ILs comprising 17 cations and 20 anions was screened for their potential to dissolve DTX, with a particular focus on imidazolium-based ILs that enhance its solubility and pertinence to cytotoxic applications. Computational analysis identifies ILs containing cations such as 1-methylimidazolium [MIM] and 1,3-dimethylimidazolium [DMIM] and anions such as [CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>–</sup>], [Br<sup>–</sup>], and [Cl<sup>–</sup>], which have high solubility potential for DTX. Parameters such as the activity coefficient, solubility, capacity, selectivity, and performance index were evaluated. The <span><math><mi>σ</mi></math></span>-profile of DTX shows a predominantly nonpolar surface with limited hydrogen bond acceptor regions, indicating that its solubility in ILs is primarily driven by nonpolar (dispersion) interactions, with minor contributions from hydrogen bonding. Although these findings identify several promising IL candidates for improving the solubility of DTX, experimental validation is essential to confirm these computational predictions and assess the suitability of selected ILs in pharmaceutical formulations. This study demonstrates the value of COSMO-RS as a predictive tool for pharmaceutical formulation design and provides a pathway to enhance drug delivery for chemotherapeutics with poor solubility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100167
Aashima Anand, Juhi Saraswat, Rajan Patel
In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model transport protein, is shown to interact with two pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids (ILs), namely, 1-hexyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium bromide and 1-dodecyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium bromide . The various spectroscopic techniques explored in the analysis are UV–visible spectroscopy, steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, 3-Dimensional emission spectroscopy, time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, steady state fluorescence anisotropy, site marker experiment, circular dichroism, along with molecular docking as the computational investigative studies. The results from UV–vis spectroscopy suggest the presence of static quenching in case of both the ILs with BSA which was further confirmed by fluorescence as well as time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic results. Moreover, UV–vis spectroscopic studies were used for calculating the binding constants ( at 298 K and 308 K for BSA’s interaction with both ILs. The thermodynamic parameters, such as , and , were calculated using . Also, Stern Volmer constants for both the ILs were calculated. The higher value of the binding constant was observed when BSA interacted with the long alkyl-chained IL. CD spectroscopy results suggested the stabilization of the secondary structures in presence of both the ILs but more enhanced in case of the long chain IL. The site marker experiment indicated towards the involvement of Site I in the interaction of both the ILs with BSA. This was supported by molecular docking, where a higher value of binding energy was obtained for BSA- interaction. Overall, the study could provide structural insights into future studies on using ILs as therapeutic agents.
{"title":"A comparative spectroscopic and computational insight on the interaction of short and long chain pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids with bovine serum albumin","authors":"Aashima Anand, Juhi Saraswat, Rajan Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, bovine serum albumin (BSA), a model transport protein, is shown to interact with two pyrrolidinium based ionic liquids (ILs), namely, 1-hexyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium bromide <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><mtext>Pyr</mtext><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>6</mn></msub></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math></span>and 1-dodecyl-1-methyl pyrrolidinium bromide <span><math><mrow><mspace></mspace><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><mtext>Pyr</mtext><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>12</mn></msub></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math></span>. The various spectroscopic techniques explored in the analysis are UV–visible spectroscopy, steady state fluorescence spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, 3-Dimensional emission spectroscopy, time resolved fluorescence spectroscopy, steady state fluorescence anisotropy, site marker experiment, circular dichroism, along with molecular docking as the computational investigative studies. The results from UV–vis spectroscopy suggest the presence of static quenching in case of both the ILs with BSA which was further confirmed by fluorescence as well as time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopic results. Moreover, UV–vis spectroscopic studies were used for calculating the binding constants (<span><math><mrow><msub><mi>K</mi><mi>a</mi></msub><mrow><mo>)</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></mrow></math></span> at 298 K and 308 K for BSA’s interaction with both ILs. The thermodynamic parameters, such as <span><math><mrow><mstyle><mi>Δ</mi></mstyle><mi>G</mi></mrow></math></span>, <span><math><mrow><mstyle><mi>Δ</mi></mstyle><mi>H</mi></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mstyle><mi>Δ</mi></mstyle><mi>S</mi></mrow></math></span>, were calculated using <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>a</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>. Also, Stern Volmer constants <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>sv</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> for both the ILs were calculated. The higher value of the binding constant was observed when BSA interacted with the long alkyl-chained IL. CD spectroscopy results suggested the stabilization of the secondary structures in presence of both the ILs but more enhanced in case of the long chain IL. The site marker experiment indicated towards the involvement of Site I in the interaction of both the ILs with BSA. This was supported by molecular docking, where a higher value of binding energy was obtained for BSA- <span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><mtext>Pyr</mtext><msub><mi>C</mi><mn>12</mn></msub></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow><mi>B</mi><msup><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mo>−</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> interaction. Overall, the study could provide structural insights into future studies on using ILs as therapeutic agents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100164
Xavier Paredes , M.Soledade C.S. Santos , Luís C.S. Nobre , Miguel V.R. Silva , Ana R.P. Gonçalves , Carla S.G.P. Queirós , Carlos Nieto de Castro , Fernando J.V. Santos
Absorption-refrigeration cycles have been used for more than a century, and the most frequent refrigerant-absorbent working pairs are H2O-LiBr and NH3-H2O. The high coefficient of performance (COP) and affordability of these fluids still justifies their use, despite major drawbacks like the corrosion and crystallization risks, as well as limitations in terms of operating temperature and pressure for H2O-LiBr solutions, NH3 flammability and toxicity and use under high pressure, corrosiveness and alkalinity of its aqueous solutions, and the need of distillation solutions for NH3-H2O separation. Societal demands to reduce the environmental and health impact of chemicals used in industry, has led to the search for new systems for industrial applications. Recently, ILs emerged as absorbent candidates for absorption systems, due to their thermal stability, very low vapour pressure, and solvent capacity, which adds the possible use of their aqueous mixtures with low viscosity and toxicity, and significant COP values, making them excellent alternatives for new working absorbing pairs. From several ionic liquids proposed, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, [C2mim] [EtSO4], is a good candidate, namely mixed with water. This low-toxicity ionic liquid was chosen to screen the reliability of available data on aqueous mixtures for the estimate of coefficient of performance (COP), targeting a potential application in absorption refrigeration cycles (ARC). The aqueous-rich mixtures (xIL < 0.1) present solution viscosities compatible with pumping devices used nowadays in refrigeration systems, and ensure enhanced wetting, affording improved heat transfer by conduction.
Several mixtures of pure ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([C2mim] [EtSO4]) with water were studied over the whole composition range, between 283.15 K and 343.15 K, at 0.1 MPa. Density, speed of sound, refractive index, viscosity, surface tension, and electrical conductivity were measured experimentally and compared with literature data. The experimental results are consistent with the evolvement of solution molecular structure with increasing water content previously predicted by MD simulations, evidencing a remarkable agreement of the notable transition points, and supporting previous studies in this laboratory with other ionic liquid aqueous systems, namely [C2mim] [CH3SO3] and [C2mim] [N(CN)2].
{"title":"Thermophysical properties of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate + water binary mixtures between 283 and 343K: A feasible fluid for absorption refrigeration","authors":"Xavier Paredes , M.Soledade C.S. Santos , Luís C.S. Nobre , Miguel V.R. Silva , Ana R.P. Gonçalves , Carla S.G.P. Queirós , Carlos Nieto de Castro , Fernando J.V. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Absorption-refrigeration cycles have been used for more than a century, and the most frequent refrigerant-absorbent working pairs are H<sub>2</sub>O-LiBr and NH<sub>3</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O. The high coefficient of performance (COP) and affordability of these fluids still justifies their use, despite major drawbacks like the corrosion and crystallization risks, as well as limitations in terms of operating temperature and pressure for H<sub>2</sub>O-LiBr solutions, NH<sub>3</sub> flammability and toxicity and use under high pressure, corrosiveness and alkalinity of its aqueous solutions, and the need of distillation solutions for NH<sub>3</sub>-H<sub>2</sub>O separation. Societal demands to reduce the environmental and health impact of chemicals used in industry, has led to the search for new systems for industrial applications. Recently, ILs emerged as absorbent candidates for absorption systems, due to their thermal stability, very low vapour pressure, and solvent capacity, which adds the possible use of their aqueous mixtures with low viscosity and toxicity, and significant COP values, making them excellent alternatives for new working absorbing pairs. From several ionic liquids proposed, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate, [C<sub>2</sub>mim] [EtSO<sub>4</sub>], is a good candidate, namely mixed with water. This low-toxicity ionic liquid was chosen to screen the reliability of available data on aqueous mixtures for the estimate of coefficient of performance (COP), targeting a potential application in absorption refrigeration cycles (ARC). The aqueous-rich mixtures (<em>x</em><sub>IL</sub> < 0.1) present solution viscosities compatible with pumping devices used nowadays in refrigeration systems, and ensure enhanced wetting, affording improved heat transfer by conduction.</div><div>Several mixtures of pure ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethylsulfate ([C<sub>2</sub>mim] [EtSO<sub>4</sub>]) with water were studied over the whole composition range, between 283.15 K and 343.15 K, at 0.1 MPa. Density, speed of sound, refractive index, viscosity, surface tension, and electrical conductivity were measured experimentally and compared with literature data. The experimental results are consistent with the evolvement of solution molecular structure with increasing water content previously predicted by MD simulations, evidencing a remarkable agreement of the notable transition points, and supporting previous studies in this laboratory with other ionic liquid aqueous systems, namely [C<sub>2</sub>mim] [CH<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>3</sub>] and [C<sub>2</sub>mim] [N(CN)<sub>2</sub>].</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144670917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ionic liquids (ILs), also known as designer solvents, have emerged as highly significant in various areas of chemistry due to their unique properties, including low volatility, high thermal stability, and excellent solubility for a wide range of substances. These characteristics make ILs exceptional solvents and catalysts in organic synthesis, enhancing reaction rates, yields, and selectivity. This review focuses on the synthesis of pyrazoles and triazoles using ILs as catalysts, highlighting their advantages over traditional methods. ILs' ability to stabilize reactive intermediates, customize solvent properties, and operate under milder conditions contributes to greener and more sustainable chemical processes. We explore recent advancements in the synthesis of pyrazoles and triazoles, emphasizing the role of various IL types—ranging from neutral and acidic to basic and functionalized ILs—in improving reaction efficiency and environmental impact. Additionally, we discuss the broader applications of ILs in organic reactions, biological processes, and environmental protection. The review concludes with an overview of the current state of IL-catalyzed synthesis, demonstrating the benefits of ILs in facilitating efficient, safe, and sustainable chemical transformations.
{"title":"Ionic liquid catalysis in synthesizing pyrazoles and triazoles: Advancing efficiency and sustainability","authors":"Minakshi Minakshi , Vaishali Vaishali , Nisha Sharma , Rashmi Pundeer","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ionic liquids (ILs), also known as designer solvents, have emerged as highly significant in various areas of chemistry due to their unique properties, including low volatility, high thermal stability, and excellent solubility for a wide range of substances. These characteristics make ILs exceptional solvents and catalysts in organic synthesis, enhancing reaction rates, yields, and selectivity. This review focuses on the synthesis of pyrazoles and triazoles using ILs as catalysts, highlighting their advantages over traditional methods. ILs' ability to stabilize reactive intermediates, customize solvent properties, and operate under milder conditions contributes to greener and more sustainable chemical processes. We explore recent advancements in the synthesis of pyrazoles and triazoles, emphasizing the role of various IL types—ranging from neutral and acidic to basic and functionalized ILs—in improving reaction efficiency and environmental impact. Additionally, we discuss the broader applications of ILs in organic reactions, biological processes, and environmental protection. The review concludes with an overview of the current state of IL-catalyzed synthesis, demonstrating the benefits of ILs in facilitating efficient, safe, and sustainable chemical transformations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jil.2025.100163
Edgar González-Juárez , Ana I. Santiago-Mustafat , Miguel A. Amado-Briseño , Daniel A. Acuña-Leal , Eduardo M. Sánchez-Cervantes , Arián Espinosa- Roa
An ionic liquid (B4PBF4) was synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic techniques, incorporating it in different proportions (0.25, 0.5, and 1.5 % w/w) into thin perovskite films. The results show that 1.5 % concentration significantly improves the optical properties by minimizing trap states and preventing charge recombination. XPS analysis indicates a strong interaction between the ionic liquid and lead halides at this proportion. Additionally, photovoltaic devices fabricated with this percentage achieved higher efficiency. In terms of stability, the 1.5 % also prevented water absorption on the surface, delaying film degradation up to 500 h.
{"title":"Enhanced stability and optical performance of MAPbI3 perovskite films through B4PBF4 ionic liquid integration: A route to durable photovoltaics","authors":"Edgar González-Juárez , Ana I. Santiago-Mustafat , Miguel A. Amado-Briseño , Daniel A. Acuña-Leal , Eduardo M. Sánchez-Cervantes , Arián Espinosa- Roa","doi":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jil.2025.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An ionic liquid (B<sub>4</sub>PBF<sub>4</sub>) was synthesized and characterized using spectroscopic techniques, incorporating it in different proportions (0.25, 0.5, and 1.5 % w/w) into thin perovskite films. The results show that 1.5 % concentration significantly improves the optical properties by minimizing trap states and preventing charge recombination. XPS analysis indicates a strong interaction between the ionic liquid and lead halides at this proportion. Additionally, photovoltaic devices fabricated with this percentage achieved higher efficiency. In terms of stability, the 1.5 % also prevented water absorption on the surface, delaying film degradation up to 500 h.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100794,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Ionic Liquids","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144596139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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