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Investigating the influence of residents' attitudes, perceptions of risk, and subjective norms on their willingness to engage in flood prevention efforts in Freetown, Sierra Leone 调查塞拉利昂弗里敦居民的态度、风险认知和主观规范对其参与防洪意愿的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100143
Ibrahim Abdulai Sawaneh , Luo Fan , Brima Sesay

This study investigates the intricate relationships between flood disaster risk perception (RP), attitudes(ATT), subjective norms(SN), and participation in flood prevention activities(IPF), emphasizing the mediating roles of self-efficacy(SE) and bonding social capital(BSC). The research in Freetown, Sierra Leone, involved 702 participants, providing a diverse socio-demographic snapshot crucial for understanding community-based flood risk management. Data analysis revealed that demographic factors like age, gender, education, and income significantly influence flood risk perceptions and mitigation behaviors. Additionally, subjective norms were found to substantially impact both self-efficacy and bonding social capital, affecting participation in flood prevention activities. The study also explored the role of community dynamics and social norms in shaping risk perceptions and intentions to engage in flood risk prevention. It was observed that higher self-efficacy and more robust community bonds lead to increased participation in flood mitigation efforts. The findings offer valuable insights into flood prevention behavior's psychological and social drivers and highlight the importance of community-focused strategies in enhancing flood resilience. The study contributes to the broader understanding of flood risk management in urban settings, particularly in developing countries, and underscores the need for policies and practices that foster individual empowerment and collective community action.

本研究调查了洪水灾害风险感知(RP)、态度(ATT)、主观规范(SN)和防洪活动参与度(IPF)之间错综复杂的关系,强调了自我效能(SE)和粘合社会资本(BSC)的中介作用。在塞拉利昂弗里敦开展的研究涉及 702 名参与者,为了解基于社区的洪水风险管理提供了多样化的社会人口概况。数据分析显示,年龄、性别、教育程度和收入等人口因素对洪水风险认知和减灾行为有重大影响。此外,研究还发现主观规范对自我效能感和社会资本纽带都有重大影响,从而影响了防洪活动的参与度。研究还探讨了社区动态和社会规范在形成风险认知和防洪意愿方面的作用。研究发现,较高的自我效能感和更强大的社区纽带会导致更多的人参与防洪减灾工作。研究结果为了解防洪行为的心理和社会驱动因素提供了有价值的见解,并强调了以社区为重点的策略在提高抗洪能力方面的重要性。这项研究有助于人们更广泛地了解城市环境中的洪水风险管理,尤其是发展中国家的洪水风险管理,并强调了促进个人能力和社区集体行动的政策和实践的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Inducing mussel beds, based on an aquaculture long-line system, as nature-based solutions: Effects on seabed dynamics and benthic communities 在水产养殖长线系统的基础上诱导贻贝床,作为基于自然的解决方案:对海底动力学和底栖生物群落的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100142
Mazharul Islam , Alexia Semeraro , Kobus Langedock , Ine Moulaert , Vicky Stratigaki , Tomas Sterckx , Gert Van Hoey

Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer a promising path to enhance climate-resilient shorelines. For instance, the creation of mussel beds in subtidal sandy shore systems provides a versatile strategy for coastal management, reinforcing coastal defense and fostering biodiversity, ultimately strengthening the resilience and well-being of coastal communities. This study analysed the changes in seabed dynamics and surrounding benthic communities as a result of the formation of mussel beds (Mytilus edulis) using an aquaculture longline system. Therefore, a comprehensive monitoring approach at two sites characterized by distinct hydrodynamic conditions was applied over a three-year period. To assess the effects, a before/after control/impact design (BACI) was employed. Seabed dynamics were evaluated by observing mussel bed persistence, erosion/deposition, and sediment composition. The influence on the benthic community included assessments of community structure and biodiversity. Finally, the impact of mussels, hydrodynamic conditions, and their interactions on seabed dynamics and benthic communities was examined using linear mixed models (LMMs). Factors such as mussel presence, Lanice conchilega abundance, shell cover, and sediment composition played a role in shaping the distinct characteristics observed between two different sites: a site that lies at a location that is more sheltered from hydrodynamic conditions, and a second site that is exposed to higher current and wave conditions. The sheltered site exhibited higher species density, richness, biomass, and diversity compared to the exposed site. In relation to the mussel bed development, mussel patches were found at both sites (with higher occurrence at the sheltered site) in the 2nd and 3rd years (mainly in summer towards early winter). The influence of mussels on sediment deposition was noticeable at the sheltered site, albeit lacking statistical significance, suggesting their potential role in erosion/deposition mechanisms. Also, a higher proportion of very fine sand was observed in the mussel bed compared to the bare sand. However, due to the absence of higher-density permanent mussel beds and irregular sedimentation/erosion patterns throughout the study period, no significant effect of the mussel beds on the community structure or diversity was found. In order to achieve a sustained and dense mussel bed and maximize the potential impact of mussels in combating climate change (e.g., shore protection and biodiversity enrichment), additional measures to increase coastal resilience against harsh hydrodynamic conditions may be necessary.

基于自然的解决方案(NbS)为增强海岸线的气候适应能力提供了一条大有可为的途径。例如,在潮下砂质海岸系统中建立贻贝床为海岸管理提供了一种多功能战略,既能加强海岸防御,又能促进生物多样性,最终增强海岸社区的复原力和福祉。本研究分析了使用水产养殖延绳系统形成贻贝床(Mytilus edulis)后海床动态和周围底栖生物群落的变化。因此,在两个水动力条件不同的地点采用了为期三年的综合监测方法。为评估效果,采用了前后对照/影响设计(BACI)。通过观察贻贝床的持久性、侵蚀/沉积以及沉积物成分,对海底动态进行了评估。对底栖生物群落的影响包括对群落结构和生物多样性的评估。最后,利用线性混合模型(LMMs)研究了贻贝、水动力条件及其相互作用对海底动力学和底栖生物群落的影响。贻贝的存在、Lanice conchilega 的丰度、贝壳覆盖率和沉积物成分等因素在形成两个不同地点之间所观察到的不同特征方面发挥了作用:一个地点位于更受水动力条件庇护的地方,另一个地点则暴露在更高的水流和波浪条件下。与暴露在外的地点相比,遮蔽地点的物种密度、丰富度、生物量和多样性都更高。关于贻贝床的发展,在第二年和第三年(主要在夏季和初冬),两个地点都发现了贻贝斑块(在遮蔽地点出现率更高)。贻贝对沉积物沉积的影响在遮蔽地点很明显,尽管缺乏统计学意义,这表明贻贝在侵蚀/沉积机制中的潜在作用。此外,与裸沙相比,贻贝床中的细沙比例更高。不过,由于在整个研究期间没有密度较高的永久性贻贝床,沉积/侵蚀模式也不规则,因此没有发现贻贝床对群落结构或多样性有显著影响。为了实现持续和密集的贻贝床,最大限度地发挥贻贝在应对气候变化方面的潜在影响(如保护海岸和丰富生物多样性),可能需要采取更多措施来提高海岸对恶劣水动力条件的适应能力。
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引用次数: 0
Nature-based solutions for living systems: Connectivity, complexity, community 基于自然的生命系统解决方案:连通性、复杂性、社区
Pub Date : 2024-06-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100136
Betsy Damon

Ecofeminist artist and landscape designer Betsy Damon advocates for Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) as more effective, resilient, and economical alternatives to conventional infrastructure projects that try to impose human control over natural systems. NBS embraces nature's self-sustaining tendencies by harnessing natural processes to address environmental challenges. Damon examines case studies of NBS from her own career, including her 1998 Living Water Garden, a water-cleaning park in Chengdu, China. Damon also draws lessons from the reforestation of the Loess Plateau, the Indigenous-led restoration of Washington's Elwha River, and the revival of amaranth cultivation in Central Mexico. These cases reveal key principles behind effective NBS engagements: flexibility, complexity, interconnectedness, and memory. Meanwhile, projects that impose single-purpose design often degrade surrounding ecosystems. Damon critiques the common scientific approach of understanding systems only through isolating variables, arguing that isolated thinking leads to isolated design. She advocates for a shift towards radical interconnectedness. She concludes that because NBS don't place human systems and natural systems into separate, conflicting categories, they strengthen resilience on multiple levels. Damon envisions NBS as inextricable from quality of life, climate justice, and Indigenous sovereignty. Throughout, Damon examines water as the medium of nature's flexibility and resilience, from the ecosystem to the molecular level.

生态女性主义艺术家兼景观设计师贝茜-达蒙(Betsy Damon)倡导 "基于自然的解决方案"(NBS),认为它比试图将人类控制权强加于自然系统的传统基础设施项目更有效、更有弹性、更经济。NBS 利用自然过程来应对环境挑战,拥抱自然的自我维持趋势。戴蒙从自己的职业生涯出发,对 NBS 进行了案例研究,包括 1998 年在中国成都设计的活水花园--一个水净化公园。达蒙还从黄土高原的植树造林、华盛顿埃尔瓦河的土著人主导的修复以及墨西哥中部苋菜种植的复兴中吸取了经验教训。这些案例揭示了有效参与国家生物多样性战略背后的关键原则:灵活性、复杂性、相互关联性和记忆性。同时,强加单一目的设计的项目往往会使周围的生态系统退化。达蒙批评了仅通过孤立变量来理解系统的常见科学方法,认为孤立的思维会导致孤立的设计。她主张向彻底的相互关联性转变。她的结论是,由于 NBS 不会将人类系统和自然系统分门别类、相互冲突,因此可以在多个层面上增强复原力。达蒙认为,国家生态系统服务与生活质量、气候正义和土著主权密不可分。从生态系统到分子层面,达蒙始终将水视为大自然灵活性和复原力的媒介。
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引用次数: 0
Asking questions of nature: Art as a catalyst for ecological consciousness 向自然发问:艺术作为生态意识的催化剂
Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100138
Patrick M. Lydon

The challenge of breaking through preconceived societal norms and narratives is a common hurdle in advocating for transformative ideas. Cultural conditioning and the expectations placed on individuals and institutions are powerful forces, and they often keep new ways of seeing — and ideas like Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) — trapped in conventional patterns of thought and behavior. This paper suggests alternatives for connecting to these alternative ways of seeing through artist-led exhibitions and interventions that not only ask questions of nature, but also allow nature to ask questions of us. We look at five projects by City as Nature studio, including “Forest is the Artist” an exhibition which gives agency to a Korean forest, and a concept restaurant “World's Slowest Restaurant” where the artist makes customers wait for 6–8 weeks for their meal to be grown. Common to all of the artworks explored in this paper, is the view of nature as a partner. This view allows us to start from an acknowledgment of the human disconnect from nature, and proceed to explore the transformative potential of mending this disconnect by collaborating directly with nature in various ways. To achieve this, we use art as a way of giving human beings new stories, new spaces, and new social permissions that allow us to question norms and explore our own connection to the natural world. The outcomes suggest that the process of seeing ourselves as “ecological beings” does not necessarily require complex or elaborate interventions, but merely the opportunity to pause, reflect, and interact with the world in more profound ways. Through the views, examples, and outcomes in this paper, we find simple methods available to both scientists and the public alike, that can help us adopt more sustainable and meaningful ways of seeing. A valuable perspective for NBS professionals, this paper also highlights how the success of NBS is tied not only to quantitative results, but also to each individual's ability to foster real relationships, a sense of belonging, awe, and reverence for and with all of nature. It also suggests that this is achievable.

突破先入为主的社会规范和叙事是倡导变革理念的常见障碍。文化条件以及对个人和机构寄予的期望是一种强大的力量,它们常常使新的观察方式--以及像基于自然的解决方案(NBS)这样的理念--被困在传统的思想和行为模式中。本文通过由艺术家主导的展览和干预活动,提出了与这些另类观察方式建立联系的替代方案,这些展览和干预活动不仅向自然提出问题,也让自然向我们提出问题。我们研究了 "城市即自然 "工作室的五个项目,其中包括 "森林即艺术家 "展览,该展览赋予韩国森林以权力,以及 "世界上最慢的餐厅 "概念餐厅,在该餐厅中,艺术家让顾客等待 6-8 周,等待他们的食物被种植出来。本文探讨的所有艺术作品的共同点是将自然视为合作伙伴。这种观点让我们认识到人类与自然的脱节,并进而探索通过各种方式直接与自然合作来弥补这种脱节的变革潜力。为了实现这一目标,我们将艺术作为一种方式,赋予人类新的故事、新的空间和新的社会权限,使我们能够质疑规范并探索自身与自然世界的联系。这些成果表明,将我们自己视为 "生态人 "的过程并不一定需要复杂或精心的干预,而仅仅是有机会停下来,进行反思,并以更深刻的方式与世界互动。通过本文中的观点、例子和结果,我们发现科学家和公众都可以使用的简单方法,可以帮助我们采用更可持续和更有意义的观察方式。作为国家生物多样性战略专业人员的一个宝贵视角,本文还强调了国家生物多样性战略的成功不仅与量化结果有关,还与每个人培养真实关系的能力、归属感、敬畏感以及对大自然的敬畏有关。本文还指出,这是可以实现的。
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引用次数: 0
Feral Hues & Invasive Pigments: Examining nature-based solutions through ecosocial art engaging spontaneous urban vegetation and informal greenspace 野生色调和入侵颜料:通过参与自发城市植被和非正式绿地的生态社会艺术,研究基于自然的解决方案
Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100137
Ellie Irons

The project Feral Hues and Invasive Pigments (FH&IP) addresses the role of spontaneous urban plants (aka weeds) through ecosocial art, with the goal of reducing human alienation from plant life and land in urban and disturbed habitats. Hands-on work with spontaneous urban plants through ecosocial artistic methods—like walks, workshops, and land-based sculptures—provides cues for understanding weedy plants and informal greenspace (IGS) as part of nature-based solutions (NBS) in cities. In dialog with NBS research that takes a justice-oriented, degrowth approach to urban greenspace, the FH&IP project invites hands-on, hyperlocal participation of humans and plants at the neighborhood level to enhance the role of low maintenance IGS. Bringing ecosocial artistic methods into conversation with NBS research is one way to open up knowledge practices that inform both fields. Multisensorial, direct engagement with urban-dwelling plants can help practitioners and participants understand what kinds of maintenance and tending might help improve sentiment around spontaneous urban vegetation and improve its functional benefits for human communities. In the right context, such benefits range from flood mitigation to improved mental health to cooler, cleaner air. A “ladder of engagement” for reciprocal exchange with spontaneous urban plants is proposed to trace how the ecosocial artistic methods employed in FH&IP build plant-human solidarity towards more functional NBS in IGS. Methods like gallery installations, workshops, and walks are described and analyzed for their strengths and weaknesses in accessibility and depth, qualities that help initiate engagement and move participants up the ladder. At the lowest rung of the ladder, participants ignore or actively harm spontaneous urban plants, then move to noticing, tending, and eventually advocating for plants and the land they dwell on. The shift from alienation to advocacy has potential to improve the function of IGS by amplifying and enhancing contextually appropriate NBS that respect local needs and desires while improving equitable distribution of bioculturally diverse greenspace.

野性色调和入侵颜料项目(FH&IP)通过生态社会艺术探讨自发城市植物(又名杂草)的作用,旨在减少人类与城市和受干扰栖息地的植物生命和土地的疏离。通过生态社会艺术方法(如散步、工作坊和陆地雕塑)与自发的城市植物亲手合作,为理解杂草植物和非正式绿地(IGS)提供了线索,使其成为城市中以自然为基础的解决方案(NBS)的一部分。非正规绿地(IGS)是城市中以自然为基础的解决方案(NBS)的一部分。非正规绿地(IGS)的研究以公正为导向,以城市绿地的增长(degrowth)为方法,FH&IP 项目通过与这些研究的对话,邀请人类和植物在社区层面上进行亲身实践和超本地化参与,以增强低维护 IGS 的作用。将生态社会艺术方法与国家统计局的研究结合起来,是开辟两个领域知识实践的途径之一。多感官、直接接触城市居住植物可以帮助实践者和参与者了解哪些类型的维护和照料可能有助于改善自发城市植被周围的情绪,并提高其对人类社区的功能性益处。在适当的情况下,这些益处包括减轻洪灾、改善心理健康、更凉爽、更清洁的空气等。我们提出了一个与自发城市植物进行互惠交流的 "参与阶梯",以追溯在 FH&IP 中采用的生态社会艺术方法如何建立植物与人类的团结,从而在 IGS 中实现更多功能的 NBS。对画廊装置、工作坊和徒步旅行等方法进行了描述和分析,以了解其在可及性和深度方面的优势和劣势,这些优势和劣势有助于启动参与活动并推动参与者向更高的阶梯迈进。在阶梯的最底层,参与者会忽视或主动伤害自发生长的城市植物,然后开始注意、照料植物,最终倡导保护植物和它们赖以生存的土地。从疏远到倡导的转变有可能通过扩大和加强尊重当地需求和愿望的、与环境相适应的国家生物多样性战略,改善生物文化多样性绿地的公平分配,从而提高综合管理信息系统的功能。
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引用次数: 0
Showing and doing: Art & Science collaborations for Environmental sustainability 展示与实践:艺术与科学合作促进环境可持续性
Pub Date : 2024-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100135
Stacy Levy

Art is becoming a new component in engineering and design collaborations to create nature- based solutions for site issues such as pollution control, stormwater runoff and habitat loss. In the last two decades there is a move to combine art with ecology to create a powerful tool for making change in ecological systems, particularly in urban nature. These works are inspired by nature and collaborate effectively with the natural process occurring on the site. Other outcomes of the projects are to increase ecological services on the site, and to involve and educate the human members of communities who live or work near the sites. The human users of the site can see and interact with the site issues while these very issues are being actively solved. Other species can reap the ecological benefits of expanded habitat and rainwater conservation. These projects have the added benefit of giving a visual explanation for the processes at work on the site. Artful Nature Based Solutions bring a new depth of understanding to the site issues because they regard the site through a combined focus of art and science. The essential aspect is the collaboration between artists and scientists. Having both the artist's and scientist's perspectives adds enrichment of ideas and vantage points to the solution. Science and engineering gains from the addition of a visual component as well as an expansion of the concept that art can bring to the issue. Though the projects do not always have quantitative data to back up their ecological effectiveness, the breadth of their communication and sense of making change in a troubled world are of great importance. The paper presents several exemplary cases of the collaboration realized through my work, which addressed stormwater runoff infiltration and water pollution, with implications for NBS.

艺术正在成为工程与设计合作的新组成部分,为污染控制、雨水径流和栖息地丧失等现场问题提供基于自然的解决方案。在过去的二十年里,人们开始将艺术与生态学结合起来,为改变生态系统,特别是城市自然环境,创造出一种强有力的工具。这些作品的灵感来源于大自然,并与现场的自然过程有效结合。这些项目的其他成果还包括增加场地的生态服务,以及让在场地附近生活或工作的社区成员参与进来并对他们进行教育。在积极解决这些问题的同时,遗址的人类使用者可以看到遗址的问题并与之互动。其他物种可以从扩大的栖息地和雨水保护中获得生态效益。这些项目还有一个好处,就是可以直观地解释现场的工作过程。以艺术和自然为基础的解决方案通过艺术和科学相结合的方式来看待场地问题,从而使人们对场地问题有了更深入的了解。其中最重要的一点是艺术家和科学家之间的合作。艺术家和科学家的观点为解决方案增添了丰富的想法和视角。科学和工程学从视觉元素的加入以及艺术对问题概念的扩展中获益。尽管这些项目并不总是有量化数据来支持其生态效益,但其交流的广度和在动荡的世界中做出改变的意识是非常重要的。本文介绍了通过我的作品实现合作的几个典范案例,这些案例涉及雨水径流渗透和水污染问题,并对国家统计局产生了影响。
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引用次数: 0
Advocating for Ecoartivism: Sculpting sustainable choice with nature-based solutions 倡导生态行动主义:用自然解决方案打造可持续选择
Pub Date : 2024-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100134
Aviva Rahmani

This paper presents the term Ecoartivism, for a novel nature-based strategy to address ecocide. Ecoartivism evolved from my ecoart practice, which sought pragmatic answers to chaotic environmental conditions. I advocate for how Ecoartivism draws from many influences to embrace a more intuitive but sustainable relationship between art, science, and law based on our values. I will track how my practice began layering basic aesthetic skills with science to restore degraded ecosystems, (Ghost Nets and Blue Rocks 1990–2005); inspired an original premise, trigger point theory, that small points of deliberate intervention can effect systemic change; and led to an Ecoartivist symphony and then an opera, (Blued Trees (2015 - present). My thinking has felt informed by Traditional Environmental Knowledge (TEK) and what some Indigenous communities term reciprocity, the idea that humans must live with mutual respect and as part of an inclusive vision of nature. Blued Trees developed a novel legal theory about ownership and what we choose to value. That redefinition led to Ecoartivism as a nature-based solution to sustainability. GPS located sentinel trees were identified as tree-notes in an aerial "score" composed of 1/3-mile increments across North America in forested corridors where natural gas pipeline installations were proposed. In a 2018 mock trial an injunction was handed down in favor of protecting the Blued Trees project on the basis of standing (a legal term establishing formal rights for due consideration in a court trial). I will explain how trigger point theory could support legal standing for Earth rights and ecosystem resilience. Blued Trees continues as an opera-in-progress to expand and deepen arguments for making ecocide accountable with serious penalties at the International Court of Justice at the Hague. This discussion will illustrate how ecoartivist strategies may support habitat contiguity, inspire and drive novel nature-based solutions to ecocide, deepening partnerships with scientists who can test and build on provocative insight.

本文提出了 "生态行动主义"(Ecoartivism)一词,意指一种以自然为基础的解决生态灭绝问题的新策略。生态行动主义是从我的生态艺术实践中演变而来的,我的生态艺术实践寻求的是对混乱的环境状况的务实回答。我主张生态行动主义如何从多种影响中汲取养分,以我们的价值观为基础,在艺术、科学和法律之间建立一种更加直观但可持续的关系。我将追溯我的实践是如何开始将基本美学技能与科学相结合,以恢复退化的生态系统的(《鬼网》和《蓝岩》,1990-2005 年);如何启发了一个原创前提--触发点理论,即小点的刻意干预可以产生系统性的变化;以及如何促成了生态行动主义交响乐和歌剧(《蓝化树》,2015 年至今)。传统环境知识(TEK)和一些土著社区所称的互惠,即人类必须在相互尊重的前提下生活,并将其作为自然包容性愿景的一部分,为我的思考提供了灵感。蓝调树 "提出了关于所有权和我们所选择的价值的新颖法律理论。这一重新定义导致了生态行动主义(Ecoartivism),它是一种基于自然的可持续发展解决方案。全球定位系统(GPS)定位的哨兵树被确定为空中 "分数 "中的树符,"分数 "由北美各地拟安装天然气管道的森林走廊中 1/3 英里的增量组成。在 2018 年的一次模拟审判中,法院根据诉讼资格(在法庭审判中确立适当考虑的正式权利的法律术语)下达了有利于保护 "蓝树 "项目的禁令。我将解释触发点理论如何支持地球权利和生态系统复原力的法律地位。蓝调之树 "作为一项正在进行中的活动,将继续扩大和深化在海牙国际法庭上追究生态灭绝责任并处以重罚的论点。本次讨论将说明生态行动主义战略如何支持栖息地的连续性,如何启发和推动以自然为基础的生态灭绝新解决方案,如何深化与科学家的合作关系,从而检验和发展具有启发性的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction to the special issue, Sculpting Solutions: Art Science Collaborations for Environmental Sustainability 特刊《雕塑解决方案》导言:艺术科学合作促进环境可持续性
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100133
Changwoo Ahn
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引用次数: 0
Should nature restoration projects be able to stack multiple revenue streams from ecosystem services? Full impact accounting as a clear way forward 自然恢复项目是否应能从生态系统服务中获得多种收入来源?全面影响会计是明确的前进方向
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100141
Phoebe Dunklin , Jacob Parry , Tom Gegg

“Private Finance” is increasingly positioned as being a solution to problems around nature degradation and combating climate change in the United Kingdom (UK). Payments for ecosystem services, when made by the private sector, are seen as an integral part of this shift in thinking. Stacking payments for different ecosystem services, that is, allowing land managers to sell multiple “products” from the same piece of land to one or more buyers, may help to facilitate greater uptake of nature restoration activities and nature-based solutions. However, this approach brings with it inherent financial, biological, and political risks to market integrity. The purpose of this policy analysis is to address some of these market risks by proposing two solutions to enabling the stacking of ecosystem service payments. Our methods are as follows: we conceptualize a market for ecosystem services in the UK, and describe how a functioning market should operate. We then analyse UK policy for managing market risk and provide examples of this in practice. We describe two potential solutions to enable stacking, and as a result of our analysis argue for full accounting on the demand side of the market as the optimal solution. We conclude by discussing the implications and supporting policy for this solution.

在英国,"私人融资 "越来越多地被定位为解决自然退化和应对气候变化问题的一种方法。由私营部门为生态系统服务付费被视为这种思维转变的一个组成部分。为不同的生态系统服务堆叠付款,即允许土地管理者将同一块土地上的多种 "产品 "出售给一个或多个买家,可能有助于促进更多的自然恢复活动和基于自然的解决方案。然而,这种方法会给市场完整性带来固有的金融、生物和政治风险。本政策分析的目的是通过提出两种解决方案来实现生态系统服务付款的叠加,从而解决其中的一些市场风险。我们的方法如下:我们将英国的生态系统服务市场概念化,并描述一个正常运作的市场应如何运作。然后,我们分析英国管理市场风险的政策,并提供实践案例。我们描述了实现堆叠的两种潜在解决方案,并根据我们的分析,认为市场需求侧的完全核算是最佳解决方案。最后,我们讨论了这一解决方案的影响和支持政策。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum regarding missing Declaration of Competing Interest statements in previously published articles 关于以前发表的文章中缺少 "竞争利益声明 "的勘误
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100123
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Nature-Based Solutions
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