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Assessing the potential of large-scale urban forest projects as a natural climate solution 评估大规模城市森林项目作为自然气候解决方案的潜力
Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100153
Jiajia Zhao , Xudong Yang , Xinyi Liu , Yue Ma , Xinyu Li , Jun Yang

Urban forests are considered a nature-based solution for climate change by cities and countries worldwide. However, the effectiveness of large-scale urban forest projects as a natural climate solution has been rarely assessed. In this study, we utilized a unique opportunity from Beijing's actions to implement a large urban forest project since 2012 to examine the effectiveness of the proposed solution. We collected vegetation structure data in two extensive field surveys to track the growth of the newly formed urban forest. Using field data and allometric equations, we estimated carbon sequestrated by the urban forest. We found that between 2013 and 2020, the urban forest grew rapidly, with the average increase of DBH and height reaching 0.95 cm and 0.47 m annually, respectively. The 16,667 ha of trees and shrubs sequestrated 423,074 tons of carbon in ten years, or 42,307 tons annually. The result showed that large-scale urban forest projects have the potential to be used as a natural climate solution (NCS). Nevertheless, planning and developing specific management techniques are needed to fully realize this potential.

全世界的城市和国家都认为城市森林是一种基于自然的气候变化解决方案。然而,大规模城市森林项目作为自然气候解决方案的有效性却很少得到评估。在本研究中,我们利用北京自 2012 年以来实施大型城市森林项目的独特机会,考察了所建议的解决方案的有效性。我们在两次广泛的实地调查中收集了植被结构数据,以跟踪新形成的城市森林的生长情况。利用实地数据和异速方程,我们估算了城市森林的固碳量。我们发现,在 2013 年至 2020 年期间,城市森林增长迅速,DBH 和高度平均每年分别增加 0.95 厘米和 0.47 米。16,667 公顷的乔木和灌木在十年间固碳 423,074 吨,即每年固碳 42,307 吨。研究结果表明,大规模城市森林项目具有作为自然气候解决方案(NCS)的潜力。然而,要充分发挥这一潜力,还需要规划和开发特定的管理技术。
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引用次数: 0
The conceptual quantitative assessment framework for Nature-based Solutions (NbS) 基于自然的解决方案(NbS)概念性量化评估框架
Pub Date : 2024-07-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100152
Sumonrat Chairat , Shabbir H. Gheewala

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are recognized as one of the approaches that can address a range of environmental issues, often with conservation and natural resource management missions. However, the promotion of NbS often lacks a robust understanding of their actual impacts and effectiveness. To support the evaluation and implementation of NbS, there is a need for a comprehensive quantitative assessment framework. The main objectives of the study are to (1) develop an assessment framework that can be used to quantify the performance of NbS interventions and to (2) provide a step-by-step guideline for evaluating NbS. The assessment framework proposed in this study was built upon existing frameworks used in previous studies, designed to address specific gaps. Several aspects and tools were integrated in response to the NbS standard criteria provided by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), as a result, this quantitative assessment framework can provide a comprehensive evidence based on environmental, social, and economic aspects. The study introduced one approach, viz., the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting - Ecosystem Accounting (SEEA EA), and three main assessment tools (i.e., Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Social Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA), and Cost-Benefit Assessment (CBA)) aimed at facilitating a comprehensive evaluation of NbS. The results provide a conceptual framework that offers a systematic approach for evaluating the performance of NbS, along with methods to address conflicting results among aspects and/or indicators. Ideas and approaches for assessing ecosystem services provided by NbS and primary concerns when conducting NbS assessments are also highlighted. In summary, the conceptual framework proposed in this study can be used to assess NbS performance and determine whether NbS interventions align with the NbS standard criteria provided by IUCN, utilizing the introduced assessment tools.

基于自然的解决方案(NbS)被认为是能够解决一系列环境问题的方法之一,通常具有保护和自然资源管理的使命。然而,NbS 的推广往往缺乏对其实际影响和有效性的深入了解。为了支持对净减排战略的评估和实施,有必要建立一个全面的定量评估框架。本研究的主要目标是:(1) 制定一个可用于量化无害环境管理干预措施绩效的评估框架;(2) 为评估无害环境管理提供一个循序渐进的指南。本研究提出的评估框架建立在以往研究中使用的现有框架基础上,旨在弥补具体差距。根据世界自然保护联盟(IUCN)提供的 NbS 标准,对多个方面和工具进行了整合,因此,该定量评估框架可提供基于环境、社会和经济方面的综合证据。该研究引入了一种方法,即环境经济核算体系--生态系统核算(SEEA EA)和三种主要评估工具(即生命周期评估(LCA)、社会生命周期评估(S-LCA)和成本效益评估(CBA)),旨在促进对 NbS 的全面评估。研究结果提供了一个概念框架,为评估非营利性机构的绩效提供了一种系统方法,以及解决各方面和/或指标之间结果冲突的方法。此外,还强调了评估 NbS 提供的生态系统服务的思路和方法,以及进行 NbS 评估时的主要关注点。总之,本研究提出的概念框架可用于评估 NbS 绩效,并利用引入的评估工具确定 NbS 干预措施是否符合世界自然保护联盟提供的 NbS 标准规范。
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引用次数: 0
A geographic information system and analytic hierarchy process drought risk analysis approach in arid south-western Zimbabwe: Prospects for informed resilience building 津巴布韦西南干旱地区的地理信息系统和层次分析法干旱风险分析方法:知情抗灾能力建设的前景
Pub Date : 2024-07-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100149
Oshneck Mupepi, Mark Makomborero Matsa, John Hove

Climate change is increasing the vulnerability of communities to drought, with rural communities in developing countries being affected the most. The study assessed drought vulnerability in south western Zimbabwe based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) supported by Geographic Information System (GIS) and remote sensing techniques. An empirical research design based on verifiable evidence of drought vulnerability was adopted. GIS and remote sensing data were used to execute the multi-criteria AHP for the determination of drought vulnerability. ArcMap 10.8 software was used for the analysis of drought influencing factors and carrying out the weighted overlay. Results indicate that almost the whole of south western Zimbabwe is prone to droughts with only 0.6 % of the area being comparatively better. It was also noted that the majority of the population are exposed to high and extreme risk of droughts as they are settled in extreme and high drought risk zones. The study recommends implementation of resilience building interventions from an informed dimension where specific resilience building initiatives are implemented in appropriate environments for high returns. This can sustain the communities in the face of increasing drought risk due to climate change in line with the aspirations of the universal sustainable development goals and the country's vision of attaining an upper middle-income society by 2030. A framework for creating drought resilience was developed to ensure that development stakeholders cooperate to build drought resilient communities in tropical regions with drought challenges like Zimbabwe and the rest of Southern Africa.

气候变化正在加剧社区对干旱的脆弱性,发展中国家的农村社区受到的影响最大。这项研究在地理信息系统(GIS)和遥感技术的支持下,采用层次分析法(AHP)对津巴布韦西南部的干旱脆弱性进行了评估。研究采用了基于干旱脆弱性可验证证据的实证研究设计。地理信息系统和遥感数据被用于执行多标准 AHP,以确定干旱脆弱性。使用 ArcMap 10.8 软件分析干旱影响因素并进行加权叠加。结果表明,几乎整个津巴布韦西南部都容易遭受干旱,只有 0.6% 的地区相对较好。研究还注意到,由于大部分人口居住在极端和高干旱风险区,他们面临着很高和极端的干旱风险。研究建议从知情的角度实施抗灾能力建设干预措施,在适当的环境中实施具体的抗灾能力建设举措,以获得高回报。这可以使社区在气候变化导致的干旱风险不断增加的情况下得以维持,符合普遍可持续发展目标的愿望和该国到 2030 年实现中上收入社会的愿景。制定了一个创建抗旱能力的框架,以确保发展利益攸关方开展合作,在面临干旱挑战的热带地区(如津巴布韦和南部非洲其他地区)建设抗旱社区。
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引用次数: 0
Rangatahi Maori climate action: A dialogue with nature-based solutions Rangatahi 毛利人气候行动:与基于自然的解决方案对话
Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100150
Annie Te One , Diane Menzies , Brittany Pooley , India Logan-Riley

This article explores the broad area of rangatahi Māori climate activism. As a research team made up of academics, rangatahi and rangatahi Māori activists, this perspective piece discusses the importance of whakapapa, belonging and connections to the environment as a foreground to climate activism. While we highlight the lack of academic research focussed on rangatahi Māori climate activism, we show that there is a plethora of activity happening through digital and social media which provides a rich space for sharing innovative ideas for a just future in which nature is centered. We suggest that there are many commonalities between the current articulations of Nature-Based Solutions and rangatahi Māori activism and that greater dialogue between these spaces is vital for any solutions being offered for an environmentally just future for Aotearoa.

本文探讨了毛利人气候行动主义的广泛领域。作为一个由学者、毛利人和毛利活动家组成的研究团队,这篇视角独特的文章讨论了作为气候行动主义的前台的 "瓦卡帕帕"(whakapapa)、归属感和与环境的联系的重要性。虽然我们强调缺乏针对毛利人气候行动主义的学术研究,但我们表明,通过数字和社交媒体开展的大量活动为分享创新理念提供了丰富的空间,这些创新理念旨在创造一个以自然为中心的公正未来。我们认为,当前基于自然的解决方案与毛利人的 "rangatahi "行动主义之间有许多共同之处,加强这些空间之间的对话对于为奥特亚罗瓦环境公正的未来提供任何解决方案都至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Resilience building interventions to manage climate induced livestock poverty and deaths in Southern Zimbabwe 在津巴布韦南部采取复原力建设干预措施,管理气候导致的牲畜贫困和死亡问题
Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100151
Rameck Defe, Mark Matsa, Takunda Shabani

Livestock production in Mwenezi District (MD) has become more susceptible to effects of climatic variability and change which undermines developmental gains from livestock value chain. Climate change impacts are increasing the intensity of livestock poverty and deaths across all forms of livestock. The study examined livestock production interventions implemented to reduce livestock poverty deaths in MD. Descriptive research design which utilizes both qualitative and quantitative paradigms was used to accurately and systematically describe the phenomenon. A household survey questionnaire was administered to sampled households in MD wards 4 and 10 while interviews were conducted with purposively selected key informants from the department Agriculture Technical and Extension Services (AGRITEX), Veterinary Services Department, Rural District Council, CARE and District Development Coordinator's Office. Various interventions including construction of improved livestock structures, availing of safe drinking water for livestock, livestock feed formulation have been initiated to reduce and contain livestock poverty deaths. The study recommends that development actors should initiate more interventions to boost livestock production sector since it is the most suitable intervention in relation to climate and weather conditions experienced in MD. The research offers insights to address the complex interplay between climate change, livestock farming, poverty and resilience building. Results inform future researchers while guiding policy makers working in similar contexts on how best to support vulnerable communities. Findings lessen the burden to achieve Sustainable Development Goals namely no poverty, zero hunger amongst others. The study enlightened farmers on how to implement drought mitigation and adaptation techniques during drought periods.

姆韦内齐区(Mwenezi District,MD)的畜牧业生产越来越容易受到气候多变性和气候变化的影响,这破坏了畜牧业价值链的发展收益。气候变化的影响加剧了各种形式牲畜的贫困和死亡。本研究考察了马里兰州为减少牲畜贫困死亡而实施的牲畜生产干预措施。研究采用了描述性研究设计,利用定性和定量范式准确、系统地描述了这一现象。对马里兰州第 4 病区和第 10 病区的抽样家庭进行了家庭调查问卷,同时对从农业技术推广服务部(AGRITEX)、兽医服务部、农村地区委员会、援外社(CARE)和地区发展协调员办公室有针对性地选出的关键信息提供者进行了访谈。为减少和控制牲畜贫困死亡,已开始采取各种干预措施,包括建造改良牲畜结构、为牲畜提供安全饮用水、配制牲畜饲料等。研究建议,发展行动者应采取更多干预措施来促进畜牧业生产,因为畜牧业是最适合马里兰州气候和天气条件的干预措施。这项研究为解决气候变化、畜牧业、贫困和抗灾能力建设之间复杂的相互作用提供了见解。研究结果为未来的研究人员提供了信息,同时也为在类似情况下开展工作的政策制定者提供了指导,帮助他们更好地为弱势社区提供支持。研究结果减轻了实现可持续发展目标(即无贫困、无饥饿等目标)的负担。这项研究启发农民如何在干旱期间实施干旱缓解和适应技术。
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引用次数: 0
Enabling justice for nature-based solutions in real estate development 在房地产开发中为基于自然的解决方案伸张正义
Pub Date : 2024-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100148
Chayanika Perera , Helen Toxopeus , Sophie Klein , Katrin Merfeld

Nature-based solutions (NBS) have emerged as crucial and promising interventions to realize resilient, sustainable, and climate-adaptive cities. One key approach is integrating them into real estate development. While real estate-related NBS – like green roofs, walls, car parks and pocket parks – are applauded for their benefits in terms of quality of life and real estate value, they are also at the core of justice concerns. If left unaddressed, NBS can lead to green gentrification and spark a wider justice discussion on distributional, procedural, recognition, and ecological justice. In this paper, we explore how to shift from a ‘win-lose’ to a ‘just’ implementation of NBS in real estate, by collecting qualitative data from Dutch real estate and NBS practitioners on projects that aimed for NBS integration into real estate while attending to (dimensions of) justice. We identify fifteen enablers that support ‘just’ real estate-related NBS, clustered under four themes (government support, knowledge, community engagement and organizational management). Based on these findings, we propose managerial implications for ‘just’ NBS integration in real estate and avenues for further NBS research.

以自然为基础的解决方案(NBS)已成为实现具有抗灾能力、可持续发展和气候适应性的城市的关键和有前途的干预措施。其中一个关键方法是将其融入房地产开发。虽然与房地产相关的 NBS(如绿色屋顶、墙壁、停车场和口袋公园)因其在生活质量和房地产价值方面的益处而备受赞誉,但它们也是正义问题的核心。如果不加以解决,非核心建筑群可能会导致绿色绅士化,并引发有关分配、程序、认可和生态正义的更广泛的正义讨论。在本文中,我们通过收集荷兰房地产和非核心预算系统从业者的定性数据,探讨了如何将非核心预算系统从 "双输 "转变为 "公正",在房地产中实施非核心预算系统。我们在四个主题(政府支持、知识、社区参与和组织管理)下确定了 15 个支持 "公正 "房地产相关国家统计局的有利因素。基于这些发现,我们提出了将 "公正 "的国家统计系统融入房地产的管理意义,以及进一步开展国家统计系统研究的途径。
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引用次数: 0
DAPSI(W)R(M) put into practice for a nature-based solution: Framework applied to the coastbusters approach 将 DAPSI(W)R(M)应用于以自然为基础的解决方案:适用于海岸警卫队方法的框架
Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100147
Alexia Semeraro , Rémi Dupont , Vicky Stratigaki , Tomas Sterckx , Gert Van Hoey

Nature-based Solutions (NbS) can be applied to alleviate negative human impacts on ecosystems and promote the general health or well-being of the environment. Human-induced activities, including installation of NbS, are governed by legislative requirements (e.g. Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA)), especially when such activities occur in Marine Protected Areas (MPA's). A correct and thorough description of the legislative framework governing the application and development of NbS is therefore essential. The Drivers-Activities-Pressures-State change-Impacts (on human Welfare)-Responses (using Measures) or DAPSI(W)R(M) framework is valuable when environmental assessment procedures include a NbS, as well as when policy and industry require guidance for the practical application of a NbS concept. In this study, we applied the DAPSI(W)R(M) framework to the Coastbusters approach, in which mussel beds (Mytilus edulis) and tubeworm aggregations (Lanice conchilega) are installed in the Belgian part of the North Sea with the aim of improving coastal resilience and maritime infrastructure works. Within the context of the Coastbusters approach, the various elements of the DAPSI(W)R(M) framework were elucidated. Coastal defense is a driver, with activities including the integration of coastal infrastructure and aquaculture practices. Pressures related to these activities on benthic habitats were described using the MarESA sensitivity approach. State change assessments were performed based on the various marine regulations (e.g. Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Habitat Directive, Water Framework Directive) which together outline a precise set of criteria and indicators designed to assess the sustainability and health of ecosystems. The present study provides a detailed framework for the environmental evaluation of seaward NbS, from state changes to impacts on human welfare. Three quantitative estimations of ecosystem service indicators (coastal protection, carbon retention and water quality (N) regulation) were used, with the indicators quantified by in-situ measurements and data from literature. Subsequently, the 10-tenets approach for taking measures (e.g. use of biodegradable material, local species, etc.) was used to develop responses that facilitate the optimal implementation of NbS. The approach outlined in this study can be used as a guide for stakeholders as they move through the environmental evaluation processes that are required for successful development of a seaward NbS. Our results underscore the importance of a favorable institutional environment for NbS and suggest that public acceptance and stakeholder involvement play a crucial role in successful implementation. This study contributes to the understanding and operationalization of Nature-based Solutions in coastal management.

基于自然的解决方案(NbS)可用于减轻人类对生态系统的负面影响,促进环境的总体健康或福祉。包括安装 NbS 在内的人类活动受法律要求(如环境影响评估 (EIA))的制约,尤其是当此类活动发生在海洋保护区 (MPA) 内时。因此,正确、全面地描述有关应用和开发核保安系统的法律框架至关重要。当环境评估程序包括 NbS 时,以及当政策和行业需要 NbS 概念的实际应用指导时,"驱动因素-活动-压力-状态变化-影响(对人类福利的影响)-应对措施(使用措施)"或 DAPSI(W)R(M) 框架非常有价值。在本研究中,我们将 DAPSI(W)R(M) 框架应用于 Coastbusters 方法,该方法在北海比利时海域设置了贻贝床(Mytilus edulis)和管虫聚集地(Lanice conchilega),目的是提高海岸复原力和改善海洋基础设施工程。在 Coastbusters 方法的背景下,阐明了 DAPSI(W)R(M) 框架的各种要素。海岸防御是一个驱动因素,其活动包括整合沿海基础设施和水产养殖实践。采用海洋生态系统服务敏感性方法描述了这些活动对底栖生物生境造成的压力。根据各种海洋法规(如《海洋战略框架指令》、《生境指令》、《水框架指令》)进行了状态变化评估,这些法规共同概述了一套精确的标准和指标,旨在评估生态系统的可持续性和健康状况。本研究提供了一个详细的框架,用于从状态变化到对人类福祉的影响等方面,对向海核安全进行环境评估。研究采用了三个生态系统服务指标(海岸保护、碳保留和水质(氮)调节)的定量估算,并通过现场测量和文献数据对指标进行量化。随后,采用 10 个十项全能法采取措施(如使用可生物降解材料、当地物种等),以制定有助于优化实施 NbS 的应对措施。本研究中概述的方法可作为利益相关者通过环境评估过程的指南,而环境评估过程是成功开发向海净滩的必要条件。我们的研究结果强调了良好的制度环境对非沿海地区的重要性,并表明公众的接受度和利益相关者的参与对成功实施非沿海地区项目起着至关重要的作用。这项研究有助于在沿海管理中理解和实施基于自然的解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond meta-studies: Learnings from a large multi-site primary dataset on non-tangible benefits of nature-based solutions 超越元研究:从关于基于自然的解决方案的非物质利益的大型多站点原始数据集中汲取的经验教训
Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100146
Martina Viti , Jacob Ladenburg , Roland Löwe , Hjalte J.D. Sørup , Ursula S. McKnight , Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen

Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) are growing in popularity as approaches for, among others, the reduction of hydro-meteorological risks. However, their uptake is still slow despite the recognition of their role in enabling a smarter, more systemic, and faster adaptation to climate change. Uncertainties regarding the valuation and subsequent economic feasibility of NBS are deemed to be a substantial barrier to their uptake. The monetary valuation of the non-tangible benefits of NBS (e.g., increased recreation and enhanced biodiversity) is seen as a plausible strategy to get closer to providing a holistic assessment. However, the quantification of these non-tangible benefits is often not integrated into economic assessments of NBS, partly as methods that can be replicated across sites have been lacking. This situation risks leading to inconsistent and/or biased valuations, which may negatively influence or delay the prioritization of NBS. Thus, our study aims to collect primary data on the non-tangible benefits of NBS across different European study sites and to identify patterns in how the different types and contexts of NBS influence people's valuation. We applied a contingent valuation survey to six different peri‑urban NBS study sites, where the focus is on the reduction of hydro-meteorological risks. The target of the survey was the general public, and we used willingness-to-pay questions to quantify the value given by the respondents to the NBS. Our results highlighted that people value the multiple benefits of NBS, and positively react to implementations improving nature across all sites. Moreover, similar variables seem to influence the value attributed to NBS across sites, with income and personal preferences ranking highly among them. These insights indicate that decision-makers and NBS-planners can learn more broadly from past experiences from a variety of (cultural) contexts, which can assist in delivering more targeted and multi-functional NBS.

以自然为基础的解决方案(NBS)作为降低水文气象风险等方面的方法,越来越受到人们的欢迎。然而,尽管人们认识到它们在实现更智能、更系统、更快地适应气候变化方面的作用,但对它们的吸收仍然缓慢。人们认为,非物质基 础设施的估价和随后的经济可行性方面存在的不确定性是其推广应用的主要障碍。对非物质基 础设施的非物质利益(如增加娱乐性和提高生物多样性)进行货币估值被视为一种可行的战略,以 便更接近于提供整体评估。然而,这些非有形效益的量化往往没有纳入非核心预算系统的经济评估,部分原因是缺乏可在不同地点复制的方法。这种情况有可能导致评估结果不一致和/或有偏差,从而对确定非营利性战略的优先次序产生负面影响或造成延误。因此,我们的研究旨在收集欧洲不同研究地点非物质文化遗产非物质利益的原始数据,并确定不同类型和背景的非物质文化遗产如何影响人们的估价。我们在六个不同的城市周边非物质文化遗产研究地点进行了一次或然估价调查,重点是降低水文气象风险。调查对象是普通公众,我们使用了支付意愿问题来量化受访者对国家统计局的评价。我们的调查结果表明,人们重视国家监测系统的多重益处,并对在所有地点实施改善自然环境的措施做出积极反应。此外,类似的变量似乎也影响着不同地点的国家生物多样性战略价值,其中收入和个人偏好在这些变量中排名靠前。这些见解表明,决策者和国家生物多样性战略的规划者可以从各种(文化)背景下的以往经验中吸取更广泛的教训,这有助于提供更有针对性和多功能的国家生物多样性战略。
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引用次数: 0
Predicting ecotopes from hydrodynamic model data: Towards an ecological assessment of nature-based solutions 根据水动力模型数据预测生态区:对基于自然的解决方案进行生态评估
Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100145
Soesja Brunink , Gijs G. Hendrickx

Estuaries worldwide are of substantial ecological value due to the presence of various gradients, such as salinity. Preserving the natural value of estuaries is vital for meeting the climate stabilization goals of the Paris Agreement. Recognizing nature as a stakeholder is imperative, given the surpassing value of ecosystem services over global gross domestic product. Quantifying the current ecological state and future ecological shifts faces challenges, including variable dependencies, spatial-temporal disparities, and the limitations in available information. This study introduces EMMA (Ecotope-Map Maker for Abiotics), a method for quantifying the effects of human interventions or climate change scenarios on estuarine ecosystems by linking abiotic characteristics derived from a hydrodynamic model to ecotopes. The Western Scheldt, an estuary connecting the Scheldt river to the North Sea in the Netherlands, serves as a case study. The method successfully reproduced an existing ecotope-map, which is dependent on real-time data such as aerial photographs. The developed method not only proves applicable in assessing the current ecological state and future ecological shifts for hypothetical scenarios but also demonstrates utility in predicting future situations, providing valuable insights for decision-makers in estuarine ecosystem management and contributing to climate and environmental preservation goals.

由于存在盐度等各种梯度,世界各地的河口都具有重要的生态价值。保护河口的自然价值对于实现《巴黎协定》的气候稳定目标至关重要。鉴于生态系统服务的价值超过了全球国内生产总值,将自然视为利益相关者势在必行。量化当前的生态状态和未来的生态变化面临着各种挑战,包括变量依赖性、时空差异以及可用信息的局限性。本研究介绍了 EMMA(非生物生态位图绘制工具),这是一种通过将水动力模型得出的非生物特征与生态位联系起来,量化人类干预或气候变化情景对河口生态系统影响的方法。西斯海尔德河是连接荷兰斯海尔德河与北海的一个河口,该河口就是一个案例研究。该方法成功地再现了现有的生态图谱,该图谱依赖于航空照片等实时数据。事实证明,所开发的方法不仅适用于评估当前的生态状况和假设情景下未来的生态变化,而且在预测未来情况方面也很实用,为河口生态系统管理决策者提供了宝贵的见解,并有助于实现气候和环境保护目标。
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引用次数: 0
Working with nature, working with Indigenous knowledge: Community priorities for climate adaptation in Samoa 与自然合作,与土著知识合作:萨摩亚社区适应气候的优先事项
Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbsj.2024.100144
Anita Latai-Niusulu , Susana Taua'a , Tuputau Lelaulu , Maibritt Pedersen Zari , Sibyl Bloomfield

The culturally diverse region of Moananui Oceania, is where many of the world's nations that are most impacted by climate change are located, including Samoa. Nature-based solutions (NbS) offer significant potential for effective climate change adaptation and are increasingly being explored and utilized in the region both in terms of (re)exploring traditional human designed living-systems created over connected land and oceanscapes, and in relation to contemporary NbS strategies. To explore nature-based adaptation agendas that link closely to Indigenous ecological knowledge and understandings of wellbeing, and that can enhance cultural connections to NbS in an urban climate change adaptation context, the Nature-based Urban design for Wellbeing and Adaptation in Oceania (NUWAO) Vaisigano Project in Samoa was conceived. The project examines and draws upon contemporary and traditional relationships between human settlements and nature in Samoa, as a means to advocate for regenerative urban environments that enhance entwined socio-ecological wellbeing and resilience as a climate change adaptation measure. We conducted a series of household interviews along a ridge-to-reef transect in the Vaisigano Catchment and then conducted fa'afaletui focus groups to ascertain community understandings and priorities related to NbS for climate change adaptation. Findings include that there is great potential in combining local Indigenous knowledges and worldviews with contemporary nature-based approaches to create culturally effective, just, and resilient climate change adaptation measures in Samoa, and in wider Moananui Oceania.

萨摩亚等世界上受气候变化影响最严重的国家都位于文化多样的大洋洲莫阿努伊地区。以自然为基础的解决方案(NbS)为有效适应气候变化提供了巨大的潜力,在该地区,人们正越来越多地探索和利用(重新)探索人类在相连的陆地和海洋景观上设计的传统生活系统,以及与当代 NbS 战略相关的解决方案。为了探索与土著生态知识和对福祉的理解密切相关的基于自然的适应议程,并在城市气候变化适应背景下加强与 NbS 的文化联系,萨摩亚构思了基于自然的大洋洲福祉和适应城市设计(NUWAO)Vaisigano 项目。该项目研究并借鉴了萨摩亚人类住区与自然之间的当代和传统关系,以此倡导可再生的城市环境,提高社会生态福祉和复原力,以此作为适应气候变化的措施。我们沿着维西加诺集水区从山脊到礁石的横断面进行了一系列家庭访谈,然后进行了 fa'afaletui 焦点小组讨论,以确定社区对适应气候变化的 NbS 的理解和优先事项。研究结果表明,将当地土著知识和世界观与当代基于自然的方法相结合,在萨摩亚和更广泛的大洋洲莫阿纳努伊地区创造文化上有效、公正和有弹性的气候变化适应措施,具有巨大的潜力。
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Nature-Based Solutions
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