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Preparation and characterization of hybrid composites using jute fiber, carbon nanotubes, polypropylene 黄麻纤维、碳纳米管、聚丙烯混杂复合材料的制备与表征

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101596

Greiciele da Silva Ferreira , Joziane Silva da Cunha , Gilberto Garcia del Pino , Nayra Reis do Nascimento , Bianca Marinho da Silva , Gabriel Fabricio Rocha de Carvalho Pádua , Samantha Coelho Pinheiro , Antonio Claúdio Kieling , José Costa de Macêdo Neto

The increasing demand for lightweight and sustainable materials has driven the development of hybrid polymer composites that combine natural fibers with nanoscale reinforcements. In this study, a polypropylene-based hybrid composite reinforced with 10 wt% jute fibers and 0.5 wt% carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was prepared by extrusion and injection molding. The thermo-mechanical behavior of the materials was evaluated through tensile and Izod impact tests, FTIR, SEM/TEM, TGA, DSC and VICAT analyses. The hybrid composite (J/PP/CNT) showed a 2.14 % increase in tensile strength (34.56 MPa) compared to pure PP (32.57 MPa), while the jute-only composite reached 36.70 MPa. The Young’s modulus increased from 1116 MPa (J/PP) to 1160 MPa (J/PP/CNT), evidencing CNT-induced nucleation effects; however, elongation decreased to 2.02 mm/mm, consistent with increased rigidity. Impact resistance improved significantly, rising from 35.89 J/m² (J/PP) to 40.37 J/m² in the hybrid composite, surpassing even pure PP (39.20 J/m²). Thermal analysis showed that the Tonset increased from 249.2 °C (J/PP) to 260.8 °C (J/PP/CNT), and the final residue rose from 0.6 % to 2.3 %, reflecting the thermal stability of CNTs. VICAT softening temperature increased from 129.15 °C (PP) to 141.16 °C (hybrid). DSC revealed a slight reduction in crystallinity compared to pure PP (from 60.32 % to 49.15 % in the hybrid), but without changes in melting temperature (168 °C). FTIR confirmed characteristic interactions among PP, jute functional groups and oxidized CNT surfaces. Overall, the incorporation of CNTs enhanced impact resistance, thermal behavior and stiffness, confirming a synergistic reinforcement effect and indicating the potential of PP/jute/CNT composites for sustainable, high-performance industrial applications.

对轻量化和可持续材料日益增长的需求推动了混合聚合物复合材料的发展，这种复合材料结合了天然纤维和纳米级增强材料。采用挤压和注射成型的方法，制备了以10 wt%黄麻纤维和0.5 wt%碳纳米管（CNTs）为增强材料的聚丙烯基杂化复合材料。通过拉伸和冲击试验、FTIR、SEM/TEM、TGA、DSC和VICAT分析对材料的热力学行为进行了评价。复合材料（J/PP/CNT）的抗拉强度比纯PP（32.57 MPa）提高了2.14 %(34.56 MPa)，而纯黄麻复合材料的抗拉强度达到36.70 MPa。杨氏模量从1116 MPa （J/PP）增加到1160 MPa (J/PP/CNT)，表明碳纳米管诱导了成核效应；然而，伸长率下降到2.02 mm/mm，与刚度增加一致。复合材料的抗冲击性能显著提高，从35.89 J/m²（J/PP）提高到40.37 J/m²，甚至超过了纯PP（39.20 J/m²）。热分析表明，Tonset从249.2°C （J/PP）增加到260.8°C (J/PP/CNT)，最终残渣从0.6 %增加到2.3 %，反映了CNTs的热稳定性。VICAT软化温度由129.15℃（PP）提高到141.16℃（杂化）。DSC显示，与纯PP相比，结晶度略有降低（从60.32 %降至49.15 %），但熔融温度（168℃）没有变化。FTIR证实了PP、黄麻官能团和氧化碳纳米管表面之间的特征相互作用。总的来说，碳纳米管的加入增强了抗冲击性、热性能和刚度，证实了协同增强效应，并表明PP/黄麻/碳纳米管复合材料在可持续、高性能工业应用方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Development of natural rubber encapsulation technology using spray drying: A comprehensive review 喷雾干燥天然橡胶封装技术的发展综述

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101592

Afrizal Vachlepi , Soen Steven , Ernie S.A. Soekotjo , Hafis Pratama Rendra Graha , Akhmad Zainal Abidin , Tjokorde Walmiki Samadhi , Arief Ameir Rahman Setiawan

The latex processing stage is a critical step in the natural rubber industry. The choice of an appropriate processing method determines the sequence and duration of each stage, ultimately influencing both investment and operational costs. This review examines the encapsulating of natural rubber using spray drying technology and its market prospects. Conventional natural rubber processing involves intensive stages and a considerable amount of equipment, such as coagulation, milling, pre-drying, shredding, and drying. Simplifying this lengthy procedure and minimizing the need for intensive equipment can be achieved by employing encapsulation technology through spray drying. One of the key factors in the encapsulation of natural rubber particles is the use of non-adhesive additives, which help reduce the inherent tackiness of natural rubber. These additives act as encapsulating agents, enveloping natural rubber particles and preventing stickiness between them. The selection of additive materials is one of the crucial factors in applying spray drying technology for natural rubber. Given its numerous advantages, spray drying technology is suitable for small-scale applications, particularly in smallholder plantations. Encapsulated natural rubber products exhibit significant market potential as innovative alternatives. Several studies have investigated the drying process of natural rubber using spray drying technology with various encapsulating material alternatives. The results of these studies indicate that natural rubber latex can be processed into encapsulated natural rubber. Further comprehensive research is needed to evaluate its applicability in the production of end-use rubber products.

乳胶加工阶段是天然橡胶工业的关键步骤。选择合适的处理方法决定了每个阶段的顺序和持续时间，最终影响投资和运营成本。本文综述了喷雾干燥技术在天然橡胶包封中的应用及其市场前景。传统的天然橡胶加工涉及密集的阶段和相当数量的设备，如混凝，磨粉，预干燥，切碎和干燥。通过喷雾干燥采用封装技术，可以简化这一漫长的过程，并最大限度地减少对密集设备的需求。对天然橡胶颗粒进行封装的关键因素之一是使用非粘接助剂，这有助于降低天然橡胶的固有粘性。这些添加剂起到包封剂的作用，将天然橡胶颗粒包裹起来，防止它们之间粘连。添加剂的选择是喷雾干燥技术应用于天然橡胶的关键因素之一。喷雾干燥技术有许多优点，适合小规模应用，特别是在小农种植园。密封的天然橡胶制品作为创新的替代品显示出巨大的市场潜力。采用喷雾干燥技术对天然橡胶的干燥过程进行了研究。研究结果表明，天然胶乳可以加工成包封天然橡胶。其在最终用途橡胶制品生产中的适用性有待进一步的综合研究。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of friction-stir processing on microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu-Cr-Zr-Y alloy 搅拌摩擦处理对Cu-Cr-Zr-Y合金组织和力学性能的影响

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101605

M. Tkachev, E. Tkachev, A. Bodyakova, S. Mironov, R. Kaibyshev

This study examined the effect of friction stir processing (FSP) on the microstructure and properties of a novel Cu-Cr-Zr-Y alloy. In addition, the microstructural aspects of doping Cu-Cr-Zr bronze with yttrium were considered. It was found that owing to the extremely low solubility of yttrium in copper, this alloying element was primarily concentrated in a secondary phase. Owing to the low melting point of the Y-rich phase, it precipitated as coarse inclusions and thus exerted only a minor influence on the material behavior. In contrast, FSP was found to be quite feasible for the thermomechanical processing of the Cu-Cr-Zr-Y alloy. Specifically, a single FSP pass resulted in a more than three-fold increase in strength characteristics and simultaneously provided a substantial enhancement in electrical conductivity. This effect was attributed to the formation of an ultrafine-grained structure and the precipitation of Cr-rich dispersoids within the stir zone.

研究了搅拌摩擦处理（FSP）对一种新型Cu-Cr-Zr-Y合金组织和性能的影响。此外，还对Cu-Cr-Zr青铜中掺杂钇的微观结构进行了研究。结果表明，由于钇在铜中的溶解度极低，这种合金元素主要集中在次级相中。由于富y相熔点较低，析出的夹杂物较粗，对材料行为影响较小。结果表明，FSP在Cu-Cr-Zr-Y合金的热机械加工中是可行的。具体来说，单次FSP通道使强度特性增加了三倍以上，同时大大提高了导电性。这种效应归因于超细晶结构的形成和搅拌区内富cr弥散体的析出。

引用次数: 0

Template-assisted synthesis of LaCoO3 from bio-silica: Catalytic insights into rice husk pyrolysis 模板辅助生物二氧化硅合成LaCoO3：对稻壳热解的催化研究

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101593

Jhoan F. Téllez , Juliana M. Juárez , Verónica Brunetti , Miguel A. Laguna-Bercero , Valeria C. Fuertes , Juan M. De Paoli , E. Laura Moyano

This study presents the synthesis of LaCoO₃ perovskites via a nanocasting approach using bio-silica extracted from residual rice husk (RH). The bio-silica was employed to prepare MCM-41 and SBA-15 hard templates, which served as scaffolds for perovskite formation. The resulting materials were thoroughly characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen physisorption. The MCM-41 and SBA-15 templates exhibited high surface areas (1011 and 867 m² g⁻¹, respectively), comparable to commercial silica. After template removal, the LaCoO₃ perovskites retained significant surface areas of 55 m² g⁻¹ (MCM-41) and 80 m² g⁻¹ (SBA-15), with their texture and structure strongly influenced by the template type. The catalytic performance of nanocast LaCoO₃ perovskites and a sol–gel reference sample was evaluated in the fast pyrolysis of rice husk at 400 °C using 5 and 20 wt% catalyst loadings. Catalysts slightly increased the overall bio-oil yield (34–45 %), particularly at higher loading. Remarkably, while non-catalytic and 5 wt% catalytic pyrolysis produced bio-oils containing over 50 compounds, increasing the catalyst loading to 20 wt% reduced this number to 17–26 compounds, depending on the catalyst employed. The bio-oils were mainly composed of anhydrosugars; oxygenates (mainly furans and carbonyl-containing compounds); and aromatics, primarily phenolic derivatives. At higher loading, perovskite catalysts promoted selective pathways, enriching the pyrolysates in valuable products such as levoglucosan and 2,3-dihydrobenzofuran. These findings demonstrate the potential of LaCoO₃-based catalysts to modulate product selectivity in the fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass, offering promising opportunities for the valorization of agro-industrial residues.

以稻壳渣（RH）为原料，采用纳米铸造法制备了LaCoO₃钙钛矿。利用生物二氧化硅制备MCM-41和SBA-15硬模板，作为钙钛矿形成的支架。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、x射线衍射仪（XRD）和氮气物理吸附对所得材料进行了表征。MCM-41和SBA-15模板显示出高表面积（分别为1011和867 m²g⁻¹），与商业二氧化硅相当。去除模板后，LaCoO₃钙钛矿的表面积为55 m²g⁻¹ （MCM-41）和80 m²g⁻¹ （SBA-15），它们的质地和结构受到模板类型的强烈影响。研究了纳米cast LaCoO₃钙钛矿和溶胶-凝胶参比样品在400℃下，以5和20 wt%的催化剂负载对稻壳快速热解的催化性能。催化剂略微提高了总体生物油收率（34-45 %），特别是在高负荷下。值得注意的是，虽然非催化和5 wt%的催化热解产生的生物油含有50多种化合物，但将催化剂负载增加到20 wt%，可将这一数字减少到17-26种化合物，具体取决于所使用的催化剂。生物油主要由无水糖组成；含氧化合物（主要是呋喃和含羰基化合物）；芳香烃，主要是酚类衍生物。在高负荷下，钙钛矿催化剂促进了选择性途径，丰富了有价值的产物，如左旋葡聚糖和2,3-二氢苯并呋喃。这些发现证明了LaCoO₃催化剂在木质纤维素生物质快速热解过程中调节产物选择性的潜力，为农业工业残留物的增值提供了有希望的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing biodegradable starch composite films reinforced with oil palm cellulose: A structure–property–degradability approach for sustainable packaging 优化油棕纤维素增强的可生物降解淀粉复合膜：可持续包装的结构-性能-可降解性方法

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101602

Sasikan Suwanprateep , Natchanun Angsuseranee , Sompong Piriyayon

This study is an investigation of cellulose fibers from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB) and their effect on the properties of cassava starch biocomposite films at concentrations ranging from 0 % to 8 % by weight. At low cellulose concentration levels, SEM analysis uncovered smooth surfaces with precipitation occurring at 6–8 %. Utilizing XRD, the significant increase in the crystallinity index was confirmed, peaking at the 6 % concentration. This maximum crystallinity level is the structural basis for the optimal mechanical and barrier properties observed. Mechanical testing corroborates that optimal tensile strength occurs at 6 % cellulose (7.21 MPa, 124 % improvement), accompanied by a maximum Young's Modulus (E) of 5.60 MPa, which confirms the highest stiffness elongation will decrease as the cellulose content increases. Barrier properties were optimal at 6 % cellulose, reducing water vapor and oxygen permeability by 44 % and 38 % respectively, but deteriorated at higher concentrations due to agglomeration. The optimal film, StEFB06 %, exhibited superior performance, showing a significant increase in contact angle to 85.68°, corresponding to the lowest Work of Adhesion (WA) of 78.29 mJ/m², confirming the highest hydrophobicity. This optimal formulation also displayed the lowest WVP value, thereby validating EFB cellulose as a promising sustainable reinforcement for food packaging. Optical properties showed increased opacity and decreased transparency with an increasing cellulose content. Biodegradability testing demonstrated reduced weight loss and degradation rates with an increasing cellulose concentration. The 6 % cellulose concentration (StEFB06 %) provided the best balance of enhanced mechanical and barrier properties while maintaining acceptable biodegradability, thus making these films suitable for sustainable food packaging applications.

本研究研究了油棕空果串（EFB）纤维素纤维在0 %至8 %重量浓度范围内对木薯淀粉生物复合膜性能的影响。在低纤维素浓度水平下，扫描电镜分析发现光滑的表面发生6-8 %的沉淀。利用XRD，证实了结晶度指数的显著增加，在6 %浓度时达到峰值。这种最大结晶度是观察到的最佳机械和屏障性能的结构基础。力学测试证实，当纤维素含量为6 %时，拉伸强度达到最佳（7.21 MPa，提高124 %），杨氏模量(E)最大值为5.60 MPa，这证实了随着纤维素含量的增加，最高刚度伸长率会降低。当纤维素含量为6 %时，阻隔性能最佳，使水蒸气和氧气的渗透性分别降低了44 %和38 %，但在更高的浓度下，由于团聚而恶化。最优膜StEFB06 %表现出优异的性能，接触角显著增加至85.68°，对应于最低的附着功（WA）为78.29 mJ/m2，证实了最高的疏水性。这种最佳配方也显示出最低的WVP值，从而验证了EFB纤维素作为食品包装的有前途的可持续强化材料。光学性质随纤维素含量的增加，不透明度增加，透明度降低。生物降解性测试表明，随着纤维素浓度的增加，重量损失和降解率降低。6 %的纤维素浓度（StEFB06 %）在保持可接受的生物降解性的同时，提供了增强的机械和屏障性能的最佳平衡，从而使这些薄膜适合可持续的食品包装应用。

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引用次数: 0

Acid-resistant clay bricks incorporating bottom ash and waste glass strengthened by mullite suppression and albite formation 含有底灰和废玻璃的耐酸粘土砖，由莫来石抑制和钠长石形成强化

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101610

Siwat Lawanwadeekul , Prinya Chindaprasirt , Nattawut Ariyajinno , Anuwat Srisuwan , Nonthaphong Phonphuak

This study reports a systematic investigation of vitrification-driven modification of fired clay ceramics through the co-utilization of lignite-derived bottom ash (BA) and post-consumer waste glass (WG). Clay bodies containing 2.5–10.0 wt% BA–WG (1:1 mass ratio) were fired at 900–1100 °C to evaluate their physical, mechanical, and chemical performance. The results reveal a competing mechanism within the clay matrix: at low additions (2.5–5.0 wt%), decomposition of BA-derived sulfate (SO₄^2-) induces gas evolution and bloating, reducing bulk density. In contrast, at higher additions (7.5–10.0 wt%), the Na₂O–CaO–SiO₂-rich flux from WG dominates, promoting extensive vitrification and effective pore sealing. This vitrification-driven densification produces glass-rich matrices with reduced water absorption (∼7 %) and compressive strengths of 18–22 MPa, satisfying the minimum requirements of ASTM C62–17 for moderate-weathering clay bricks. Chemical durability is exceptional, with mass loss ≤ 0.02 % after acid immersion at pH 2 for 14 days. XRD and SEM analyses confirm that the high-flux BA–WG system fundamentally alters phase equilibria in the clay body, suppressing the formation of mullite—the typical reinforcement phase in clay and fly ash-based ceramics—and instead promoting a distinct strengthening mechanism: a continuous glassy matrix reinforced by crystalline albite (NaAlSi₃O₈). This vitrification–albitization pathway, distinct from conventional crystalline-reinforcement routes, provides a clay-centered route for producing mechanically robust and acid-resistant fired ceramics while valorizing two industrial waste streams, bottom ash and waste glass.

本研究报告了通过褐煤衍生底灰（BA）和消费后废玻璃（WG）的共同利用，对烧结粘土陶瓷进行玻璃化驱动改性的系统研究。含2.5-10.0 wt% BA-WG（1:1质量比）的粘土体在900-1100℃下烧制，以评估其物理、机械和化学性能。结果揭示了黏土基质内部的竞争机制：在低添加量（2.5-5.0 wt%）下，ba衍生的硫酸盐（SO42-）的分解导致气体释放和膨胀，降低了堆积密度。相比之下，在高添加量（7.5-10.0 wt%）下，WG中富含na2o - cao - sio2的通量占主导地位，促进了广泛的玻璃化和有效的孔隙密封。这种玻璃化驱动的致密化产生了富含玻璃的基质，吸水率降低（~ 7 %），抗压强度为18-22 MPa，满足ASTM C62-17对中等风化粘土砖的最低要求。化学耐久性优异，在pH值为2的酸浸14天后，质量损失≤ 0.02 %。XRD和SEM分析证实，高通量BA-WG体系从根本上改变了粘土体中的相平衡，抑制了莫来石（粘土和粉煤灰基陶瓷中典型的增强相）的形成，相反促进了一种独特的强化机制：由晶状钠长石（NaAlSi3O8）增强的连续玻璃状基体。这种玻璃化-钠长石化途径，不同于传统的结晶强化途径，提供了一种以粘土为中心的途径，用于生产机械坚固和耐酸的烧制陶瓷，同时使两种工业废物流——底灰和废玻璃——增值。

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引用次数: 0

Ginseng-loaded nanostructured lipid gels for nose-to-brain targeted modulation of 5-HT receptors in cognitive disorders 人参负载纳米结构脂质凝胶对认知障碍中5-羟色胺受体的鼻-脑靶向调节

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101588

Pradeep Yadav , Roopali T. Biradar , Vivek D. Zade , Umesh D. Laddha , Yatin U. Gadkari , Kailas K. Moravkar

This research sought to enhance the bioavailability and brain delivery of ginseng, a conventional herbal remedy with therapeutic potential for cognitive impairments, which is limited by poor oral bioavailability and brain penetration. Ginseng-loaded lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) were formulated using a thermal emulsification technique followed by probe sonication. The resultant nanocarriers were characterized with respect to particle size distribution, zeta potential, and stability. The optimized lipid nano-carrier (LNC) was integrated into an in situ gel system and evaluated for its physicochemical properties, muco-adhesion, and permeation through a nasal epithelial cell model. In silico docking studies indicated significant interactions between ginsenosides and the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor, suggesting a possible mechanism for cognitive enhancement. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and in vivo investigations were conducted to support these findings. The ginseng-loaded LNPs demonstrated a particle size distribution between 178 nm and 213 nm, with a negative zeta potential (-9.07) and an encapsulation efficiency of 79.58 %. Docking studies showed a promising docking score of −7, highlighting the binding potential of ginsenosides with the 5-HT receptor. The in situ gel system facilitated sustained release of ginseng and significantly enhanced permeation through the epithelial layer compared to a ginseng suspension. In vivo investigations demonstrated that the ginseng concentration in the CNS was 3.5 times higher in the groups administered the ginseng-loaded NLC in-situ gel than in those given a simple ginseng suspension. The ginseng-encapsulated NLC in-situ gel system shows potential for enhanced cerebral delivery and cognitive enhancement, offering a promising strategy for treating cognitive disorders.

本研究旨在提高人参的生物利用度和脑传递，人参是一种具有治疗认知障碍潜力的传统草药，但由于口服生物利用度和脑渗透能力差而受到限制。采用热乳化-探针超声法制备了人参脂质纳米颗粒。所得的纳米载体在粒径分布、zeta电位和稳定性方面进行了表征。将优化后的脂质纳米载体（LNC）整合到原位凝胶体系中，并通过鼻上皮细胞模型评估其理化性质、黏附性和渗透性。计算机对接研究表明，人参皂苷与5-羟色胺受体之间存在显著的相互作用，提示其可能的认知增强机制。共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）和体内研究支持这些发现。人参负载LNPs的粒径分布在178 ~ 213 nm之间，zeta电位为负（-9.07），包封效率为79.58 %。对接研究显示，对接得分为−7，这表明人参皂苷与5-HT受体的结合潜力很大。与人参悬浮液相比，原位凝胶系统促进了人参的持续释放，并显著增强了人参通过上皮层的渗透。体内研究表明，人参负载NLC原位凝胶组的CNS中人参浓度比简单人参悬浮液组高3.5倍。人参包封的NLC原位凝胶系统显示出增强大脑递送和认知增强的潜力，为治疗认知障碍提供了一种有前景的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable high capacitance supercapacitor electrode from biomass-derived iron and copper-doped graphene structures 生物质衍生铁和铜掺杂石墨烯结构的可持续高电容超级电容器电极

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101603

Atti Srinivas, Sarat Chandra Babu Jakka

In this study, BCG (Biochar-based graphene) was functionalized with iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) to enhance its capacitive behaviour and physicochemical properties. The structural, morphological, and surface characteristics were systematically analyzed using XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, SEM, and BET analysis. Electrochemical analysis showed that BCG-Fe (iron-doped biochar-based graphene) achieved a specific capacitance of 187.72 F/g, with an energy density of 6.52 Wh/kg and power density of 2608 W/kg. BCG-Cu (copper-doped biochar-based graphene) exhibited 157.14 F/g, 5.45 Wh/kg, and 1510 W/kg, respectively. The enhanced performance of BCG-Fe is attributed to improved conductivity and redox activity from Fe doping. These results highlight the promise of metal-modified BCG as a scalable, eco-friendly electrode material for energy storage.

在这项研究中，用铁（Fe）和铜（Cu）功能化BCG（生物炭基石墨烯），以增强其电容行为和物理化学性质。采用XRD、拉曼光谱、XPS、SEM、BET等分析手段对其结构、形貌和表面特征进行了系统分析。电化学分析表明，BCG-Fe（铁掺杂生物炭基石墨烯）的比电容为187.72 F/g，能量密度为6.52 Wh/kg，功率密度为2608 W/kg。BCG-Cu（掺杂铜的生物炭基石墨烯）的性能分别为157.14 F/g， 5.45 Wh/kg和1510 W/kg。BCG-Fe的性能增强是由于Fe掺杂提高了电导率和氧化还原活性。这些结果突出了金属改性BCG作为一种可扩展的、环保的储能电极材料的前景。

引用次数: 0

Eco-friendly synthesized copper nanoparticles from Platostoma menthoides (L.): A novel bio larvicidal strategy against Spodoptera frugiperda 从薄荷Platostoma menthoides （L.）合成的环保铜纳米颗粒：一种新的生物杀幼虫策略

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101594

Senthilkumar Pavithra , Aravinth Annamalai , P.F. Mishel , Azhagiya Manavalan Lakshmi Prabha

The green synthesis of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using an aqueous extract from a medicinal plant, Platostoma menthoides was investigated, emphasizing its larvicidal properties. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of these green-synthesized copper nanoparticles as a sustainable larvicidal agent against pest control agents. The biosynthesized CuNPs were thoroughly characterized through various analytical techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, FT–IR, XRD, SEM, EDAX, particle size analysis and zeta potential, and HR-TEM. The successful synthesis of CuNPs was confirmed by the presence of an absorbance peak at 343 nm. FT–IR spectra identified various functional groups and molecular interactions, while XRD analysis revealed their crystalline nature. SEM analysis confirmed the cubic morphology of the nanoparticles, and EDAX determined the elemental copper composition. Particle size analysis indicated an average size of 152.3 nm and a zeta potential of −34.6 mV affirmed their stability. CuNPs exhibiting crystalline morphology and moderate aggregation, as confirmed by HR-TEM analysis. Potent larvicidal activity against Spodoptera frugiperda was observed. A dosage of 100 μg/mL resulted in LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of 55.64 and 122.79 μg/mL, respectively, at 24 h post-treatment. Histopathological analysis of larvae treated with nanoparticles revealed extensive tissue damage and structural disruption. Furthermore, a Lethality bioassay using Artemia salina nauplii showed a dose-dependent toxic response was observed with 100 μg/mL showing an LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ value of 165.59 and 247.73 μg / mL, indicating that the CuNPs exhibit moderate toxicity. These findings highlight the potential of P. menthoides-derived CuNPs as an eco-friendly pest control agent with promising applications in sustainable agriculture and pest management.

研究了药用植物薄荷Platostoma menthoides水提物绿色合成铜纳米粒子（CuNPs）的方法，重点研究了其杀幼虫性能。本研究旨在评价这些绿色合成的铜纳米颗粒作为一种可持续的杀幼虫剂对害虫防治剂的效果。通过UV-Vis光谱、FT-IR、XRD、SEM、EDAX、粒度分析、zeta电位、HR-TEM等分析技术对合成的CuNPs进行了全面表征。通过在343 nm处出现吸光度峰，证实了CuNPs的成功合成。FT-IR光谱鉴定了各种官能团和分子相互作用，XRD分析揭示了它们的结晶性质。SEM分析证实了纳米颗粒的立方形态，EDAX测定了元素铜的组成。粒径分析表明，平均粒径为152.3 nm， zeta电位为−34.6 mV，证实了其稳定性。经HR-TEM分析证实，CuNPs表现出结晶形态和适度聚集。对褐夜蛾有较强的杀幼虫活性。100 μg/mL的剂量在处理后24 h时，LC₅₀和LC₉₀的值分别为55.64和122.79 μg/mL。纳米颗粒处理的幼虫组织病理学分析显示广泛的组织损伤和结构破坏。此外，使用Artemia salina nauplii进行的致命性生物测定显示，观察到剂量依赖性毒性反应，100 μg/mL显示LC₅₀和LC₉₀值为165.59和247.73 μg /mL，表明CuNPs具有中等毒性。这些发现突出了薄荷草衍生的CuNPs作为一种生态友好型害虫防治剂的潜力，在可持续农业和害虫管理中具有广阔的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Biomass derived activated carbon infused Sr doped ZnO nanoneedles for pseudocapattery applications 生物质衍生活性炭注入Sr掺杂ZnO纳米针用于假电池应用

Next Materials

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.nxmate.2026.101607

Dhanabal R, Yamini J, Gomathi Priya P

Strontium doped zinc oxide infused with activated carbon nanocomposites were synthesized via chemical precipitation method and utilized for energy storage applications. Crystal structure, surface morphology, binding energy and surface area were studied using X-Ray diffraction, Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Brunauer-Emmet-Teller Analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry analysis attributed to the pseudocapacitive nature of the synthesized nanocomposites which are confirmed further by the diffusive and capacitive contribution to the specific capacitance and the Dunn plot. The nanocomposites with 2 % activated carbon in the crystal structure showed higher Specific capacitance of 792.42 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g and charge transfer resistance of 3.81 Ω with an energy and power density of 39.62 Wh/Kg and 514.28 W/Kg respectively with a cyclic stability retention of 97.9 % over 2000 cycles for the three-electrode configuration. The SZOA-2 % nanocomposites showed a specific capacitance of 86.95 F/g at 1 A/g with an energy density of 18.56 Wh/Kg and a power density of 619.69 W/kg for the two-electrode system showing the nature of the nanocomposites as a highly reliable hybrid supercapacitor.

采用化学沉淀法合成了活性炭掺杂锶氧化锌纳米复合材料，并将其应用于储能领域。利用x射线衍射、扫描和透射电子显微镜、x射线光电子能谱、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱和拉曼光谱对晶体结构、表面形貌、结合能和表面积进行了研究。循环伏安法和时间电位法分析表明，合成的纳米复合材料具有假电容性，扩散和电容对比电容的贡献以及Dunn图进一步证实了这一点。晶体结构中含有2 %活性炭的纳米复合材料在电流密度为1 a /g时比电容为792.42 F/g，电荷转移电阻为3.81 Ω，能量和功率密度分别为39.62 Wh/Kg和514.28 W/Kg，循环稳定性保持率为97.9% %。SZOA-2 %纳米复合材料在1 a /g下的比电容为86.95 F/g，能量密度为18.56 Wh/Kg，功率密度为619.69 W/ Kg，表明该纳米复合材料是一种高度可靠的杂化超级电容器。

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引用次数: 0