Transport Economics and Management最新文献

This study explores the dynamics of entry, survival, and exit of large long-haul aircraft in China's burgeoning air transport market, focusing on the Airbus 380 and Boeing 747–8I as case studies. Utilizing rare events logistic regression and the time-dependent Cox regression model, the determinants of route entrance and survival for these aircraft from 2011 to 2021 were analyzed. The data is based on the flight plans of pertinent air routes and aircraft. Key findings include: (1) Both aircraft types favored entry into home-airfield-related, long-haul routes with a substantial existing flight volume. (2) Both aircraft exhibited prolonged survival on international long-haul routes, especially when airlines used them to bolster market share with consistent frequency. (3) Without the home-airfield advantage enjoyed by Air China, China Southern Airlines trialed the Airbus 380 on multiple occasions. Notably, if the Airbus 380 maintains operation on a route for at least 16 weeks, it demonstrates a lower likelihood of exit compared to the Boeing 747–8I.

The impacts of transportation systems on people and communities are substantial but challenging to quantify. It requires significant effort and attention for transportation agencies to improve how social concepts such as equity are effectively incorporated into transportation asset management (TAM) plans and practices. This study, therefore, looked at TAM plans and practices to assess the current application of equity and suggested ways to improve equity incorporation into TAM at the state level. A content analysis was done on the 2019 TAM plans from all U.S. states, D.C., and Puerto Rico, and the results showed that equity-related words were rarely mentioned. This indicated that TAM is one of the sectors where equity is still marginalized, and there is a strong need to improve the incorporation of equity into TAM. The study then identified several equity definitions and measures that fit the context of pavement management and, as a result, TAM. Pavement management was used for demonstration purposes as pavements are a major type of asset managed by all state Departments of Transportation (DOTs). Definitions and measures were identified by reviewing documents from the USDOT and FHWA and three sustainability rating systems widely used in transportation: Envision, Greenroads, and INVEST. In addition to these definitions and measures, this study discussed several available guides and tools that would help agencies bring equity considerations into TAM, specifically at the state level. The results indicated that although some resources provide equity definitions and measures that can be used in TAM, more work is needed to develop them to match the practices and approaches used in this sector.

Airlines endeavour to implement substantial measures to ensure profitability and maintain a competitive edge in the market. This entails conducting extensive studies and engaging in strategic planning to make optimal decisions. A crucial element of this process involves addressing the Fleet Assignment Problem (FAP). Typically, aircraft operating within an established network are acquired before adopting this method, rather than being selected based on an optimal solution. Consequently, incumbent airlines frequently operate in Brazilian regional aviation with fleets that are not optimised for the specific routes they serve. This study aims to explore an integrated frequency assignment and fleet assignment model, which identifies the most suitable aircraft for a given network. Model parameters were estimated from historical data from multiple incumbent airlines and were applied to a fictitious airline operating from Goiania International Airport (Brazil) as the hub. The findings from multiple test runs ascertain optimal frequency and aircraft capacity selections, as well as recommended fleet sizes. Further analysis reveals, for instance, that the Embraer E190-E2 is the most suitable aircraft for a scenario constrained to a single type of fleet, demonstrating the potential for significant profitability on the routes in the simulated network.

Using panel data encompassing Central China’s cities from 2008 to 2019, our study employs the Spatial Autoregression (SAR) and the Spatial Difference-in-Differences (SDID) models to assess both the localized and spillover effects of public service provision on tourism. Additionally, our research explores the pivotal role of High-Speed Rail (HSR) as a moderating factor, shedding light on its influence on the relationship between public service supply and the advancement of tourism. Our study reveals that public service supply exerts a significant and even substantial impact on tourism development. Moreover, it demonstrates that the provision of public services contributes positively to the growth of tourism in neighboring cities. Further analysis indicates that the introduction of HSR has a robust influence on enhancing public service supply to stimulate tourism development. These findings offer invaluable insights for the promotion of tourism development.

This paper explores the efficacy of short-haul flights bans in reducing environmental external costs and its effects on welfare. Recently implemented by several European countries, the ban policy assumes that the air traffic lost will be diverted to rail giving environmental gains. A model where users are also allowed to use private car and account for all transport external costs is proposed to check this measure. The ban will provoke a shift in the modal split and affect total traffic levels. Rail prices will rise, users surplus and net welfare will fall. External costs are not necessarily reduced. Finally, an ex-ante assessment is done finding that environmental costs only decrease in the Madrid-Barcelona corridor, increasing in the Madrid-Valencia one. Social welfare net of all external costs decreases by 19.6% and 3.1% respectively. Thus, a case-by-case approach for implementing short-haul flights bans would be advisable.

This study adopts a Structural Path Analysis to explore the ways in which air cargo can play a role in reducing poverty in Vietnam. This study departs from the prevalent and extensively researched macroeconomic analysis of air cargo, focusing instead on the microeconomic and distributional effects. The results show that air cargo growth stimulates the production of the sectors that employ semi-skilled and unskilled rural workers. The results indicate that the effect of air cargo expansion on poverty is more pronounced in rural households than in urban households. The conclusion drawn from this study is that policies focused on decreasing transaction costs and enhancing human capital have the potential to amplify the effects of air cargo on poverty. Moreover, expanding air cargo and simultaneously improving human capital in Vietnam would provide the catalyst for upgrading from value-added assembling functions to higher value-added roles in global value chains.