World Development Sustainability最新文献_第8页

Interplay of financial inclusion and economic growth in emerging economies 新兴经济体普惠金融与经济增长的相互作用

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2025-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2025.100201

Shreya Pal , Shravni Vankila , Melvin Norbert Fernandes

This study delves into the complex link between financial inclusion—both traditional and digital—and economic growth across emerging economies from 1990 to 2022, using Dynamic Simulated ARDL and Driscoll-Kraay Standard Error techniques. Key findings highlight that traditional financial inclusion correlates positively with economic growth, whereas digital financial inclusion presents obstacles. Additionally, fiscal, monetary, and trade policies play vital roles: fiscal policies in Brazil, Colombia, and Mexico focus on infrastructure, social programs, and tax reforms, respectively, to spur growth. Monetary policies include Brazil's inflation targeting, Turkey's interest rate adjustments, and India's MUDRA scheme, which promotes entrepreneurship. Trade policies, such as Chile's Free Trade Agreements and Mexico's participation in NAFTA, improve market access and economic resilience, while Egypt and Saudi Arabia focus on foreign direct investment and economic diversification.

The study emphasizes coordinated policy efforts for sustained growth, advocating for financial inclusion supported by robust regulations and government investments in critical areas like infrastructure and healthcare. Central banks contribute by maintaining price stability and credit access, while strategic trade agreements and export diversification enhance economic resilience. The focus of the study on emerging economies and macro-level insights calls for further research at the micro-level to refine these results. By maintaining policy coherence and regular evaluations, these strategies aim to foster inclusive, long-term economic growth.

本研究利用动态模拟ARDL和Driscoll-Kraay标准误差技术，深入研究了1990年至2022年新兴经济体普惠金融（包括传统和数字）与经济增长之间的复杂联系。主要研究结果表明，传统的普惠金融与经济增长呈正相关，而数字普惠金融则存在障碍。此外，财政、货币和贸易政策也发挥着至关重要的作用：巴西、哥伦比亚和墨西哥的财政政策分别侧重于基础设施、社会项目和税收改革，以刺激经济增长。货币政策包括巴西的通货膨胀目标制，土耳其的利率调整，以及印度的促进创业的MUDRA计划。贸易政策，如智利的自由贸易协定和墨西哥参与北美自由贸易协定，改善了市场准入和经济弹性，而埃及和沙特阿拉伯则侧重于外国直接投资和经济多样化。该研究强调协调一致的政策努力以实现持续增长，倡导在基础设施和医疗保健等关键领域强有力的监管和政府投资的支持下实现金融包容性。央行的贡献在于维持价格稳定和信贷准入，而战略贸易协定和出口多样化则增强了经济韧性。研究的重点是新兴经济体和宏观层面的见解，因此需要在微观层面进行进一步的研究，以完善这些结果。通过保持政策一致性和定期评估，这些战略旨在促进包容性的长期经济增长。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable pathways in Indonesia's palm oil industry through historical institutionalism 从历史制度主义看印尼棕榈油产业的可持续发展之路

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100200

Annisa Joviani Astari , Jon C. Lovett , Meditya Wasesa

This study investigates the evolution of sustainable palm oil policies in Indonesia through a historical institutionalism framework, tracing the influence of both domestic institutional developments and global dynamics on the sustainability trajectory of the palm oil sector, focusing on the Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO) initiative. Employing longitudinal content analysis, this research examines institutional frameworks from 1957 to 2022, identifying patterns of institutional continuity and change, as well as how path dependency and critical junctures have shaped policy development. Utilizing a combination of primary and secondary data—including thirteen interviews, seven archived interview videos, four focus group discussions, and 143 document archives—this analysis thematically codes qualitative data to uncover key themes related to institutional change and sustainability pathways. Findings reveal that the institutionalization of sustainable palm oil in Indonesia is shaped by both exogenous and endogenous dynamics; international pressures and the emergence of global sustainability networks have prompted shifts in national institutional arrangements, while domestic political forces and commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions have facilitated gradual institutional transformations. The ISPO certification embodies these changes, reflecting a synthesis of existing regulations and illustrating the path-dependent nature of sustainability policies. This research contributes to the literature on institutional change and offers insights for policymakers aiming to design effective strategies that stimulate sustainable practices in the palm oil industry.

本研究通过历史制度主义框架调查了印尼可持续棕榈油政策的演变，追踪了国内制度发展和全球动态对棕榈油行业可持续发展轨迹的影响，重点是印度尼西亚可持续棕榈油（ISPO）倡议。采用纵向内容分析，本研究考察了从1957年到2022年的制度框架，确定了制度连续性和变化的模式，以及路径依赖和关键节点如何影响了政策的发展。本分析结合了一手和二手数据，包括13次访谈、7次存档访谈视频、4次焦点小组讨论和143份文件档案，对定性数据进行主题编码，以揭示与制度变革和可持续发展途径相关的关键主题。研究结果表明，印度尼西亚可持续棕榈油的制度化受到外生和内生动力的影响；国际压力和全球可持续性网络的出现促使了国家体制安排的转变，而国内政治力量和减少温室气体排放的承诺促进了逐步的体制转型。ISPO认证体现了这些变化，反映了现有法规的综合，并说明了可持续发展政策的路径依赖性质。这项研究有助于制度变革的文献，并为旨在设计有效战略以刺激棕榈油行业可持续实践的政策制定者提供见解。

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引用次数: 0

Unpacking the critical elements for solving the complex issue of sustainable lake management: Case studies from Japan 解开解决可持续湖泊管理复杂问题的关键因素：来自日本的案例研究

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100199

Yukako Inamura , Pankaj Kumar , Naoko Hirayama

Although water is a vital finite resource for sustaining life, it is under constant pressure from anthropogenic activities. Among the different types of surface water, lakes are particularly difficult to restore once water quality deteriorates due to their hydrological cycles and complex dynamics. This study compares policy implementation and its relationship to water quality improvement through spatio-temporal variation for two lakes in Japan: Lake Biwa and Lake Teganuma. We divided the analysis time frame into three periods to assess how the timing of policy implementation has affected the water quality and ecosystem services. Lake Biwa is an iconic and vital water resource in the region, and its conservation has been led by citizens and strong leadership from the governor since the 1960s. On the other hand, efforts to conserve the environment of Lake Teganuma began in the 1970s, and legislation played an important role in initiating and implementing the governance framework. The comparison of these two cases shows that while the efforts of subnational government and citizen are as powerful as legislation in protecting the lake environment, special legislation can guide subnational governments in establishing the necessary governance framework that fits local conditions and goals. Achieving regional sustainability in a human-environment system requires policy planning that goes beyond silo thinking, and this study clearly shows that cooperation between multilevel governments and relevant stakeholders, including citizens, is essential. The findings provide policy-relevant practical lessons in the quest for sustainable lake management.

虽然水是维持生命的重要有限资源，但它不断受到人类活动的压力。在不同类型的地表水中，湖泊由于其水文循环和复杂的动态，一旦水质恶化，恢复尤为困难。以日本琵琶湖和Teganuma湖为研究对象，通过时空变化对比了政策实施与水质改善的关系。我们将分析时间框架分为三个阶段，以评估政策实施的时机如何影响水质和生态系统服务。琵琶湖是该地区标志性的重要水资源，自20世纪60年代以来，它的保护一直由公民和州长领导。另一方面，保护Teganuma湖环境的努力始于20世纪70年代，立法在启动和实施治理框架方面发挥了重要作用。这两个案例的对比表明，虽然地方政府和公民在保护湖泊环境方面的努力与立法一样强大，但专门的立法可以指导地方政府建立符合当地条件和目标的必要治理框架。在人-环境系统中实现区域可持续性需要超越筒仓思维的政策规划，本研究清楚地表明，多层次政府与包括公民在内的相关利益相关者之间的合作至关重要。研究结果为寻求可持续湖泊管理提供了与政策相关的实践经验。

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引用次数: 0

Mobile money remittances to cope with aggregate shocks: Urban migrants and rural families under the COVID-19 lockdown in Bangladesh 应对总体冲击的移动汇款：孟加拉国新冠肺炎疫情封锁下的城市移民和农村家庭

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100197

Hiroyuki Egami , Yukichi Mano , Tomoya Matsumoto

In developing economies, rural households send their members to urban areas to cope with idiosyncratic shocks by sharing resources through internal remittances, which are more prevalent than international remittances. However, there is limited evidence on the role of internal remittances in risk-sharing against aggregate shocks. We analyze the seven-round panel of 723 urban migrant workers paired with their rural families in Bangladesh, covering the pre- and post-lockdown period for COVID-19. During the lockdown, urban migrants and their rural families experienced substantial income losses, particularly severe in urban areas. Our event study analysis suggests that urban migrants and their rural families coped with the aggregate income shock by sharing resources through internal remittances rather than relying on other shock-coping strategies, including selling assets or borrowing from neighbors. Although the travel restrictions prevented urban migrants from carrying remittances by hand, they could continue sending remittances via mobile money, mitigating the negative impact on the welfare of rural families. Moreover, by reducing the amount of remittances they had to send, urban migrants also mitigated their welfare loss. Together, they could fully smooth food consumption and partially smooth general consumption. We support our argument with a novel machine-learning technique.

在发展中经济体，农村家庭将其成员送到城市地区，通过内部汇款共享资源来应对特殊的冲击，这比国际汇款更为普遍。然而，关于国内汇款在分担总体冲击风险方面的作用的证据有限。我们对孟加拉国723名城市农民工及其农村家庭组成的七轮小组进行了分析，涵盖了COVID-19封锁前后的时期。在封锁期间，城市移民及其农村家庭遭受了巨大的收入损失，在城市地区尤其严重。我们的事件研究分析表明，城市移民及其农村家庭应对总收入冲击的方式是通过内部汇款共享资源，而不是依靠其他应对冲击的策略，包括出售资产或向邻居借款。尽管旅行限制使城市移民无法携带手工汇款，但他们可以继续通过移动货币汇款，减轻了对农村家庭福利的负面影响。此外，通过减少他们必须汇款的数额，城市移民也减轻了他们的福利损失。它们一起可以完全平滑食物消费，部分平滑一般消费。我们用一种新的机器学习技术来支持我们的论点。

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引用次数: 0

Climate and environmental impacts of green recovery: Evidence from the financial crisis 绿色复苏对气候和环境的影响：来自金融危机的证据

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100194

Karol Kempa, Ashish Tyagi

While main goal of stimulus packages is to boost economic activity after a crisis, they may also affect environmental outcomes. The aim of this paper is to investigate whether incorporating green components into such packages affects the environment and to identify whether any effects are only temporary or affect countries’ trajectories towards a sustainable low-carbon economy. We compile a panel dataset covering 27 OECD countries from 2000–2019 to analyse green recovery packages launched in the aftermath of the 2008 financial crisis. Based in this dataset, we can investigate both short- and long-term impacts of green recovery packages on the climate, i.e., mitigation investments and greenhouse gas emissions, and the earth’s biocapacity. Using fixed effects estimation, we find that higher shares of green recovery spending induce lower CO₂ emissions and a smaller ecological footprint of production. Employing a difference-in-differences framework, we provide evidence for a causal effect of recovery programmes dedicated to renewable energy on renewable energy investments. All these effects persist in the post-recovery periods. These findings stress that policymakers should consider the long-term impacts of post-crisis recovery programmes to ensure their consistency with the transition towards a sustainable climate-neutral economy.

虽然经济刺激计划的主要目标是在危机后促进经济活动，但它们也可能影响环境结果。本文的目的是调查将绿色成分纳入此类包装是否会影响环境，并确定任何影响是否只是暂时的，还是会影响各国走向可持续低碳经济的轨迹。我们编制了一个涵盖2000年至2019年27个经合组织国家的面板数据集，以分析2008年金融危机后推出的绿色复苏计划。基于该数据集，我们可以研究绿色恢复方案对气候的短期和长期影响，即缓解投资和温室气体排放，以及地球的生物承载力。利用固定效应估计，我们发现绿色恢复支出份额越高，二氧化碳排放量越低，生产的生态足迹越小。采用差异中的差异框架，我们为致力于可再生能源的恢复计划对可再生能源投资的因果效应提供了证据。所有这些影响在恢复后的时期持续存在。这些发现强调，决策者应考虑危机后复苏计划的长期影响，以确保其与向可持续气候中性经济过渡的一致性。

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引用次数: 0

Boosting trade in environmental goods. Evidence from provisions in free trade agreements 促进环保产品贸易。来自自由贸易协定条款的证据

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100195

Fredrik Gisselman , Erik Merkus , Nils Norell

Environmentally friendly goods and techniques such are essential for the transition to a greener economy. Trade policy can help support the global diffusion of these goods and technologies by removing barriers to trade, lowering the cost of the green transition for consumers, firms, and governments. This paper investigates the effectiveness of trade agreements that specifically aim to boost and facilitate trade in these environmental goods. Using a gravity model, we find that these trade agreements are not associated with increased trade in environmental goods. Trade flows between countries that have a free trade agreement with so-called environmental goods provisions are not higher than between countries without such an agreement.

环境友好型产品和技术对于向绿色经济过渡至关重要。贸易政策可以通过消除贸易壁垒，降低消费者、企业和政府向绿色转型的成本，帮助支持这些商品和技术的全球扩散。本文调查了专门旨在促进和便利这些环境产品贸易的贸易协定的有效性。利用重力模型，我们发现这些贸易协定与环境产品贸易的增加无关。签订有所谓环境产品规定的自由贸易协定的国家之间的贸易流量并不比没有这种协定的国家之间的贸易流量高。

引用次数: 0

Fertilizer demonstration, agricultural performance, and food security of smallholder farmers: Empirical evidence from Nepal 肥料示范、农业绩效和小农粮食安全：来自尼泊尔的经验证据

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100196

Dr. Ganesh Thapa , Dr. Dyutiman Choudhary , Dr. Naba Raj Pandit , Prabin Dongol

Low agricultural productivity in developing countries is attributed towards the low and inefficient use of chemical fertilizers. Fertilizer demonstrations have been a useful extension tool to change the farmers’ awareness and perception towards the right use of fertilizer application. About 180 fertilizer demonstrations (demos) on rice and maize were conducted in farmers field in 2017 and 2018 in western Nepal to promote the 4R nutrient stewardship that incorporates the right fertilizer source at the right rate, at the right time, and in the right place including the best management practices. Household surveys were conducted in 2018 and 2019 after the successful completion of fertilizer demonstrations. We assess the determinants of farmers’ participation in fertilizer demos and estimates its impact on fertilizer adoption, agricultural performance, and food security in Nepal. Our doubly robust impact evaluation approach accounts for non-random patterns of use of hybrid varieties, higher seed replacement rates, and proximity to the demo plots (within one kilometer of demo site). Farmers who participated in demos have higher fertilizer adoption rate and were more likely to use balanced fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium). Results indicate that the demo participation would lead to significantly increase rice productivity, household maize consumption and agriculture commercialization. Agriculture policy should underscore in organizing the demos to promote the best nutrient management practices and sustain agricultural production and ensure food security. However, such demos should also be located near to the poor, who use less advanced agronomic practices, or in other locations to those traditionally chosen for demonstration plots to ensure the productivity gains by poor and marginal households.

发展中国家农业生产力低下的原因是化肥的使用少而低效。肥料示范已成为改变农民对正确使用肥料的认识和看法的有用推广工具。2017年和2018年，在尼泊尔西部的农民田间进行了大约180次水稻和玉米肥料示范（演示），以推广4R营养管理，即在正确的时间、正确的地点、以正确的速度使用正确的肥料来源，包括最佳管理实践。在成功完成肥料示范后，于2018年和2019年进行了住户调查。我们评估了农民参与肥料演示的决定因素，并估计了其对尼泊尔肥料采用、农业绩效和粮食安全的影响。我们的双重稳健影响评估方法考虑了杂交品种的非随机使用模式、较高的种子替换率和靠近演示地块（距离演示站点一公里以内）。参与示范的农民肥料采用率更高，更有可能使用平衡肥料（氮、磷、钾）。结果表明，示范参与将显著提高水稻生产力、家庭玉米消费和农业商业化。农业政策应强调组织演示，以推广最佳营养管理做法，维持农业生产和确保粮食安全。然而，这种示范也应设在使用较不先进的农艺做法的穷人附近，或设在传统上选择作为示范地块的其他地点，以确保贫穷和边缘家庭的生产力提高。

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引用次数: 0

Health occupation workforce and inclusive growth in sub–Saharan Africa: Does politically empowering women make or break this relationship? 撒哈拉以南非洲的卫生职业劳动力和包容性增长：在政治上赋予妇女权力是建立还是破坏这种关系？

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100198

Boniface Ngah Epo, Younous Fozoudine Tapche Ndam, Jean Raoul Nkoudou Bengono

This paper explores the impacts of politically empowering women on the connection between health occupation workforce (HOW) and inclusive growth (IG) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) over the period 2000–2019. Results show that: (a) HOW, women's political empowerment (WPE) and their combined effect positively associate with a growth process that redistributes opportunities in both the short-and long-term; and (b) there is a partial mediation effect of WPE on the association between HOW and IG in SSA. Our findings support commitment towards stepping-up politically empowering women as a lever towards increasing the effect of HOW on IG.

本文探讨了2000-2019年期间，在撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA），政治赋权妇女对卫生职业劳动力（HOW）和包容性增长（IG）之间关系的影响。结果表明：(a)妇女政治赋权及其综合效应与短期和长期机会再分配的增长进程呈正相关；(b) WPE对SSA中HOW和IG之间的关联有部分中介作用。我们的研究结果支持加强妇女政治赋权的承诺，作为提高HOW对IG影响的杠杆。

引用次数: 0

Towards zero-carbon, resilient, and community-integrated smart schools and campuses: A review 迈向零碳、弹性和社区融合的智慧学校和校园：综述

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100193

Ammar Abulibdeh

This study explores the transformation of educational institutions towards becoming zero-carbon, resilient, and community-integrated smart schools and campuses. It highlights the growing commitment to sustainability and technology-driven education in response to climate change challenges. The study aims to examine the critical aspects of this transformation, including the pursuit of zero-carbon operations, resilience measures for climate-related challenges, and active community engagement. Utilizing a scoping review methodology, the research maps existing literature to identify key concepts and gaps, covering sustainability initiatives, smart technology integration, and resilience strategies. Findings emphasize the role of educational institutions as living laboratories for sustainability, highlighting innovations in renewable energy adoption, energy-efficient building designs, and waste reduction programs. The study's originality lies in its comprehensive analysis of how educational institutions evolve into catalysts for sustainable change, enhancing education and campus management through smart technologies while addressing financial and regulatory challenges.

本研究探讨了教育机构向零碳、弹性和社区融合的智能学校和校园的转变。它强调了为应对气候变化挑战，对可持续发展和技术驱动教育的日益重视。该研究旨在研究这一转型的关键方面，包括追求零碳运营、应对气候相关挑战的弹性措施以及积极的社区参与。利用范围审查方法，该研究绘制了现有文献，以确定关键概念和差距，涵盖可持续性倡议，智能技术集成和弹性战略。研究结果强调了教育机构作为可持续发展生活实验室的作用，强调了可再生能源采用、节能建筑设计和减少废物计划方面的创新。该研究的独创性在于它全面分析了教育机构如何演变为可持续变革的催化剂，通过智能技术加强教育和校园管理，同时应对金融和监管挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Adoption of modern aquaculture technologies in fish farming: The case of rural Bangladesh 在鱼类养殖中采用现代水产养殖技术：以孟加拉国农村为例

World Development Sustainability

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.wds.2024.100192

Santa Islam , Samiul Haider , Nazmus Sayadat , Saifur Rahman

Traditional techniques have been used in fish farming in Bangladesh since ancient times. However, nowadays the adoption of modern technologies in fish farming in Bangladesh has revolutionized the industry. The goal of this research was to investigate the factors that influence fish farmers' decisions to accept new technologies for aquaculture and to ascertain the degree to which fish farmers have adopted these new technologies. A total of 101 fish farmers in the Trishal Upazila of the Mymensingh district were randomly selected and interviewed using a structured interview schedule. The research found that most of the sample fish farmers were middle to old-aged, had small farm sizes, and earned low to medium income. A significant number of fish farmers didn't receive any training, and about half of them had moderate farming experience. The majority of respondents in this survey had average levels of extended media interaction, organizational engagement, and fish farming expertise. Based on the statistics, we can deduce that 46.53 % of fish farmers made minimal use of some fish farming technology, while 20.79 % used them very little, and 32.67 % utilized them extensively. From the list of eleven socio-demographic characteristics, adopting modern aquaculture technologies was positively and significantly correlated with education, farm size, annual fish farming income, experience, and knowledge of fish farming. The most significant positive link was seen between fish farming experience and adoption. The survey revealed that financial stress, lack of adequate training, market instability, and resource deficits are the major obstacles to modern aquaculture technology adoption, while cultural resistance is the least significant. These factors collectively slow the progress of modernizing fish farming in Bangladesh, despite the potential benefits of improved yields and sustainability. Hence, by resolving these issues, the study area will have more space to employ advanced aquaculture technologies, paving the way to sustainable fish farming in Bangladesh.

孟加拉国自古以来就采用传统的养鱼技术。然而，如今孟加拉国养鱼业采用了现代技术，使该行业发生了革命性的变化。本研究的目的是调查影响养鱼户决定接受水产养殖新技术的因素，并确定养鱼户采用这些新技术的程度。随机选择了Mymensingh地区Trishal Upazila的101名养鱼户，并使用结构化访谈时间表进行了访谈。研究发现，样本养殖户大多是中老年，农场规模小，收入中低收入。相当多的养鱼户没有接受过任何培训，其中约一半人有中等的养殖经验。在这项调查中，大多数受访者都有平均水平的媒体互动、组织参与和养鱼专业知识。通过统计，我们可以推断出46.53%的养殖户很少使用某些养鱼技术，20.79%的养殖户很少使用这些技术，32.67%的养殖户广泛使用这些技术。从11个社会人口特征来看，采用现代水产养殖技术与受教育程度、养殖场规模、年养鱼收入、经验和养鱼知识呈正相关。最显著的正相关关系出现在养鱼经验和收养之间。调查显示，财政压力、缺乏足够的培训、市场不稳定和资源短缺是采用现代水产养殖技术的主要障碍，而文化阻力是最不重要的。这些因素共同减缓了孟加拉国鱼类养殖现代化的进展，尽管提高产量和可持续性可能带来好处。因此，通过解决这些问题，研究区域将有更大的空间采用先进的水产养殖技术，为孟加拉国的可持续养鱼铺平道路。

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引用次数: 0