Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.4.300-309
Ye-Jin Kim, Seongju Chang
Energy use in the building sector accounts for a large percentage of the world's total energy consumption. Specifically, the energy consumption from the whole life cycle perspective of building is 0.4% at design stage, 16% at construction stage, 83.2% at operation stage, and 0.4% at disposal stage. There have been many studies focusing on the design stage to find alternatives to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings. However, there have been few studies considering both of the efficient energy management of the building operation stage for the optimum design model at the same time. As a result of the design phase study, we proposed an improved window design alternative that could save 2736.06 kW of heating and cooling energy per year compared to the base case building. As for optimum window design, we proposed an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) model which predicts the heating and cooling loads. It satisfied the content of ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and AirConditioning Engineers) Guideline 14-2002 and IPMVP (International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol). Based on this study, it would be possible to save energy from the perspective of a building’s entire life cycle if window selection options standard that can be referenced at building design stage and heating and cooling system control algorithm applicable to the operation stage are developed together.
{"title":"A Hybrid Approach of Using Both Simulation plus Neural Networks for Window Design Optimization and HVAC Energy Consumption Prediction Modeling","authors":"Ye-Jin Kim, Seongju Chang","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.4.300-309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.4.300-309","url":null,"abstract":"Energy use in the building sector accounts for a large percentage of the world's total energy consumption. Specifically, the energy consumption from the whole life cycle perspective of building is 0.4% at design stage, 16% at construction stage, 83.2% at operation stage, and 0.4% at disposal stage. There have been many studies focusing on the design stage to find alternatives to enhance the energy efficiency of buildings. However, there have been few studies considering both of the efficient energy management of the building operation stage for the optimum design model at the same time. As a result of the design phase study, we proposed an improved window design alternative that could save 2736.06 kW of heating and cooling energy per year compared to the base case building. As for optimum window design, we proposed an ANN (Artificial Neural Network) model which predicts the heating and cooling loads. It satisfied the content of ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and AirConditioning Engineers) Guideline 14-2002 and IPMVP (International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol). Based on this study, it would be possible to save energy from the perspective of a building’s entire life cycle if window selection options standard that can be referenced at building design stage and heating and cooling system control algorithm applicable to the operation stage are developed together. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131813259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.54-58
Pita Asih Bekti Cahyanti, Adi Utomo Hatmoko, Ali Rizak, C. Agus, K. Kurniawan
Jabodetabek or Greater Jakarta is an official and administrative definition of the urban area or megacity surrounding the Indonesia capital city, Jakarta. The population of Jabodetabek, with an area of 6,392 km, was over 30.0 million by January 2014 or about 11.26% of national population, making it the most populous region in Indonesia. The center of Jakarta is the center of government, culture, education, economy, finance, manufacture and commerce while the sub-urban area became the center of the settlement. It’s causes jam, high cost, wasteful, inefficient, pollution, longer time, uncomforted, high life stress. Restructuring the shifting of the center of business economic activities to the sub-urban areas closed to the residential area is expected to increase amenities, productivity and efficiency. The local special characters of Betawi culture that had been marginalized in Jakarta can be revived in the development of new office centers, shopping and education in sub-urban areas. Wider spatial arrangement and optimal tropical climate can realize harmony of nature, humanity, social, culture, monetary, psychological, spiritual, environment and life for sustainable development.
{"title":"Development of Betawi Architecture for Green and Low-Energy Building of Tropical Sub-urban Business Centre in Greater Jakarta","authors":"Pita Asih Bekti Cahyanti, Adi Utomo Hatmoko, Ali Rizak, C. Agus, K. Kurniawan","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.54-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.54-58","url":null,"abstract":"Jabodetabek or Greater Jakarta is an official and administrative definition of the urban area or megacity surrounding the Indonesia capital city, Jakarta. The population of Jabodetabek, with an area of 6,392 km, was over 30.0 million by January 2014 or about 11.26% of national population, making it the most populous region in Indonesia. The center of Jakarta is the center of government, culture, education, economy, finance, manufacture and commerce while the sub-urban area became the center of the settlement. It’s causes jam, high cost, wasteful, inefficient, pollution, longer time, uncomforted, high life stress. Restructuring the shifting of the center of business economic activities to the sub-urban areas closed to the residential area is expected to increase amenities, productivity and efficiency. The local special characters of Betawi culture that had been marginalized in Jakarta can be revived in the development of new office centers, shopping and education in sub-urban areas. Wider spatial arrangement and optimal tropical climate can realize harmony of nature, humanity, social, culture, monetary, psychological, spiritual, environment and life for sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130661156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.1.1-5
Z. Awadh, D. Dashti, S. Al-Bahar, J. Chakkamalayath
recycled coarse aggregates (SSD-RCA), as replacement of normal coarse aggregates (NCA) on the properties of hardened concrete is discussed in this paper. Concrete mixes were prepared using two different mixing procedures, and by replacing normal coarse aggregates (NCA) with 10% and 30% recycled coarse aggregates. The self-curing curing of concrete due to the incorporation of RCA was evaluated by determining the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption and percentage of voids of concrete under two different curing conditions. The compressive and the splitting tensile strength were comparable for both air and water curing mixes at 28 days with 10% and 30% replacement, indicating the influence of selfcuring effect through the use of RCA. This study exploits the benefits of rather undesirable property of RCA, such as high moisture retention property, or in another word, high water absorption, as internal curing water for strength development, in order to facilitate the recycling of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste.
{"title":"Using the Moisture Retention Property of Recycled Coarse Aggregates for Self-Curing of High Performance Concrete","authors":"Z. Awadh, D. Dashti, S. Al-Bahar, J. Chakkamalayath","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.1.1-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.1.1-5","url":null,"abstract":"recycled coarse aggregates (SSD-RCA), as replacement of normal coarse aggregates (NCA) on the properties of hardened concrete is discussed in this paper. Concrete mixes were prepared using two different mixing procedures, and by replacing normal coarse aggregates (NCA) with 10% and 30% recycled coarse aggregates. The self-curing curing of concrete due to the incorporation of RCA was evaluated by determining the compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption and percentage of voids of concrete under two different curing conditions. The compressive and the splitting tensile strength were comparable for both air and water curing mixes at 28 days with 10% and 30% replacement, indicating the influence of selfcuring effect through the use of RCA. This study exploits the benefits of rather undesirable property of RCA, such as high moisture retention property, or in another word, high water absorption, as internal curing water for strength development, in order to facilitate the recycling of Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134309840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.265-269
Weiguo Huang, Xiuli Xu, Tao Wang, Kairui Wang, Weiqing Liu
—In order to obtain the mechanical properties of plate type elastomeric pad bearing in bridge engineering under non-ideal working conditions, eccentric compression-shear test is carried out, taking into account different rotation angle and shearing deformation of the bearing. Numerical analysis is carried out by ABAQUS software, to simulate the disengaging of bearing accurately. Disengaging factor is put forward based on the disengaging area of the bearing. The influence of loading direction to slipping property of bearing is also studied, and equivalent friction coefficient is put forward. Results show that the rotation angle of bearing under different shear deformation has a large influence on its mechanical properties, especially on the bearing stiffness, disengaging factor and equivalent friction coefficient.
{"title":"Study on Mechanical Property of Bridge Bearings under Eccentric Compression and Shearing","authors":"Weiguo Huang, Xiuli Xu, Tao Wang, Kairui Wang, Weiqing Liu","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.265-269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.265-269","url":null,"abstract":"—In order to obtain the mechanical properties of plate type elastomeric pad bearing in bridge engineering under non-ideal working conditions, eccentric compression-shear test is carried out, taking into account different rotation angle and shearing deformation of the bearing. Numerical analysis is carried out by ABAQUS software, to simulate the disengaging of bearing accurately. Disengaging factor is put forward based on the disengaging area of the bearing. The influence of loading direction to slipping property of bearing is also studied, and equivalent friction coefficient is put forward. Results show that the rotation angle of bearing under different shear deformation has a large influence on its mechanical properties, especially on the bearing stiffness, disengaging factor and equivalent friction coefficient.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125113109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.152-158
E. Romero-Sánchez, A. Morales-Esteban, M. Segovia-Verjel, M. Requena-García-Cruz, Jaime de Miguel-Rodríguez
—A project named PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese ) is being developed. It aims to cooperatively assess the seismic vulnerability of primary schools of the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain). Primary school buildings have been selected due to their low adult/child ratio and the fact that many of these buildings were constructed prior to the current seismic resistant codes. To determine the seismic behaviour of primary schools in both regions, this has been studied with building seismic performance analysis through the capacity-demand spectrum method. One of the main difficulties of the project has to do with the large amount of buildings to analyse. This paper is focused on obtaining and comparing the performance point of different types of buildings and different structural systems (reinforced concrete frames, unreinforced masonry walls and mixed). The goal is to be able to extrapolate the results from the buildings analyzed (type and structural system) to others where the information is not available. Different types and structural systems have been calculated and their seismic behaviours have been compared. The results show that the type and the structural system are outstanding for calculating the performance point and that an acceptable correlation can be inferred from similar types and structural systems. The comparison of the different structural systems for the same typology has shown that for the same shear force, the Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames buildings are able to get deformed significantly more than the Unreinforced Masonry (URM) walls.
一个名为PERSISTAH(葡萄牙语:Algarve e de Huelva)的项目正在开发中。它旨在合作评估阿尔加维(葡萄牙)和韦尔瓦(西班牙)小学的地震脆弱性。小学建筑之所以被选中，是因为它们的成人/儿童比例低，而且其中许多建筑是在当前的抗震规范之前建造的。为了确定这两个地区小学的地震行为，我们通过能力需求谱法对建筑抗震性能分析进行了研究。该项目的主要困难之一是要分析大量的建筑物。本文的重点是获取和比较不同类型的建筑和不同的结构体系(钢筋混凝土框架、无筋砌体墙和混合结构)的性能点。目标是能够将分析的结果(类型和结构系统)推断到其他信息不可用的地方。对不同类型和结构体系进行了计算，并对其抗震性能进行了比较。结果表明，结构类型和结构体系在计算性能点方面具有突出的优势，并且可以从相似的类型和结构体系中推断出可接受的相关性。对同一类型的不同结构体系的比较表明，在相同的剪力作用下，钢筋混凝土框架建筑的变形明显大于无筋砌体墙体。
{"title":"Seismic Behaviour Study of Primary Schools in Algarve and Huelva Cities. Case Study of Three Different Building Technologies","authors":"E. Romero-Sánchez, A. Morales-Esteban, M. Segovia-Verjel, M. Requena-García-Cruz, Jaime de Miguel-Rodríguez","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.2.152-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.2.152-158","url":null,"abstract":"—A project named PERSISTAH (Projetos de Escolas Resilientes aos SISmos no Território do Algarve e de Huelva, in Portuguese ) is being developed. It aims to cooperatively assess the seismic vulnerability of primary schools of the Algarve (Portugal) and Huelva (Spain). Primary school buildings have been selected due to their low adult/child ratio and the fact that many of these buildings were constructed prior to the current seismic resistant codes. To determine the seismic behaviour of primary schools in both regions, this has been studied with building seismic performance analysis through the capacity-demand spectrum method. One of the main difficulties of the project has to do with the large amount of buildings to analyse. This paper is focused on obtaining and comparing the performance point of different types of buildings and different structural systems (reinforced concrete frames, unreinforced masonry walls and mixed). The goal is to be able to extrapolate the results from the buildings analyzed (type and structural system) to others where the information is not available. Different types and structural systems have been calculated and their seismic behaviours have been compared. The results show that the type and the structural system are outstanding for calculating the performance point and that an acceptable correlation can be inferred from similar types and structural systems. The comparison of the different structural systems for the same typology has shown that for the same shear force, the Reinforced Concrete (RC) frames buildings are able to get deformed significantly more than the Unreinforced Masonry (URM) walls.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130548891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.146-151
W. Rokicki, A. Stefańska
Nowadays architectural taste and the knowledge in fields such as architectural theory and practical abilities are not sufficient for being a good designer. Architects keep discovering multidisciplinary skills helpful in creating advanced designs. The use of digital generative design systems in designing becomes more prevalent for the first time being an architect means not only that one has to design the form and function of the building, an architect must understand the way the buildings live, from the conceptual phase till demolition. One of the most powerful directions in contemporary architecture is generative and parametric design. Thanks to the possibilities granted by computer-aided design, architects canstrive for surprisingly simple, free shaped structures which have not been possible up until this point. Since the XXI century mathematical algorithms have become more architecturally friendly and can be used to design more biomimetic forms. The aim of this paper is to present the newest trends in finding inspirations for the designing of contemporary buildings. Looking at living organisms in search for inspiration is probably most
{"title":"Architectural Ephemerids in Terms of Generative and Parametric Design","authors":"W. Rokicki, A. Stefańska","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.2.146-151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.2.146-151","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays architectural taste and the knowledge in fields such as architectural theory and practical abilities are not sufficient for being a good designer. Architects keep discovering multidisciplinary skills helpful in creating advanced designs. The use of digital generative design systems in designing becomes more prevalent for the first time being an architect means not only that one has to design the form and function of the building, an architect must understand the way the buildings live, from the conceptual phase till demolition. One of the most powerful directions in contemporary architecture is generative and parametric design. Thanks to the possibilities granted by computer-aided design, architects canstrive for surprisingly simple, free shaped structures which have not been possible up until this point. Since the XXI century mathematical algorithms have become more architecturally friendly and can be used to design more biomimetic forms. The aim of this paper is to present the newest trends in finding inspirations for the designing of contemporary buildings. Looking at living organisms in search for inspiration is probably most","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116009994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.2.43-51
M. S. Guney, Emre Dumlu, Merve Okan
—One of the main factors that leads to earth-fill dam failures is the internal erosion, commonly referred to as piping. Regarding the geometry of the breach and the discharge of water flowing through the breach, many researchers working with numerical analyses in this field make some simplified assumptions. This study was carried out as a part of the project supported by the Turkish Council for Scientific and Technological Research (TUBITAK) and it includes experimental research with the goal of supplying the data required to carry out numerical analysis using more realistic approaches. A dam with a height of 65 cm, a bottom width of 200 cm and a crest width of 5 cm was built in a flume 1 m wide, 0.81 m high and 6.14 m long. Before the construction of the dam, some common soil mechanics tests were carried out. The dam was constructed by using a mixture consisting of 85 % fine sand and 15% clay. In order to generate the formation of the breach, a square shaped rock salt layer of 2 cm side lying from upstream to downstream was placed at 28 cm from the bottom of the dam body. The progression of the dam failure was captured by six cameras located at different locations. Gauss Area formula was applied to determine the time-varied breach areas at upstream and downstream sides. The discharge of water through the breach and average flow velocity were determined by using the continuity equation. The changes in water depth in the channel were also recorded. The experimental findings continue to be compared with numerical results obtained from the software PLAXIS 3D.
{"title":"Experimental Study of the Evolution of the Breach and the Discharge through the Breach Resulting from Piping Due to Seepage at the Mid-part of Earthfill Dam","authors":"M. S. Guney, Emre Dumlu, Merve Okan","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.12.2.43-51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.12.2.43-51","url":null,"abstract":"—One of the main factors that leads to earth-fill dam failures is the internal erosion, commonly referred to as piping. Regarding the geometry of the breach and the discharge of water flowing through the breach, many researchers working with numerical analyses in this field make some simplified assumptions. This study was carried out as a part of the project supported by the Turkish Council for Scientific and Technological Research (TUBITAK) and it includes experimental research with the goal of supplying the data required to carry out numerical analysis using more realistic approaches. A dam with a height of 65 cm, a bottom width of 200 cm and a crest width of 5 cm was built in a flume 1 m wide, 0.81 m high and 6.14 m long. Before the construction of the dam, some common soil mechanics tests were carried out. The dam was constructed by using a mixture consisting of 85 % fine sand and 15% clay. In order to generate the formation of the breach, a square shaped rock salt layer of 2 cm side lying from upstream to downstream was placed at 28 cm from the bottom of the dam body. The progression of the dam failure was captured by six cameras located at different locations. Gauss Area formula was applied to determine the time-varied breach areas at upstream and downstream sides. The discharge of water through the breach and average flow velocity were determined by using the continuity equation. The changes in water depth in the channel were also recorded. The experimental findings continue to be compared with numerical results obtained from the software PLAXIS 3D.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117175981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.3.56-62
E. Terrile, Luca Caliendo, E. Guglielmino, A. Marchitto, A. Borneto, L. Boccardo, Massimo Bacci
—The paper focuses on the thermo-economic and life cycle assessment of three different Phase-Change Materials (PCM) for use in residential buildings on the North-West Italian coast. For the purpose of this work, we considered the climatic conditions of the city of Genoa, Italy, and used publicly available weather data from year 2020. We numerically assessed three PCMs against conventional thermal insulating materials, on three different flat wall geometries, using a one-dimensional heat transfer model, implemented in MATLAB. The most relevant characteristic of PCMs is their phase transition condition. Our model is based on the assumption that PCM transitions occur in a specific temperature range, and this yields to an instantaneous increase of their specific heat. Subsequently, based on a 25-year PCM life cycle assumption, we carried out a thermo-economic analysis based on the Net Present Value (NVP) index, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and a carbon dioxide (CO2) saving estimation. Linear regression was used to predict the future economic and environmental scenarios. Simulation results showed that PCM performance is not as high as expected when benchmarked against a conventional insulating material. Specifically, PCMs do not reduce winter thermal demand and CO 2 emissions over their life cycle are twice those of the classical insulator taken as a reference. We then numerically evaluated their performance in a warmer climate, corresponding to a South Mediterranean region, and under these conditions PCMs outperformed against conventional insulators, thus justifying their current higher cost.
{"title":"Performance Assessment and LCA of a PCM-Based Coating for Residential Buildings of the North-West Mediterranean Region","authors":"E. Terrile, Luca Caliendo, E. Guglielmino, A. Marchitto, A. Borneto, L. Boccardo, Massimo Bacci","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.12.3.56-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.12.3.56-62","url":null,"abstract":"—The paper focuses on the thermo-economic and life cycle assessment of three different Phase-Change Materials (PCM) for use in residential buildings on the North-West Italian coast. For the purpose of this work, we considered the climatic conditions of the city of Genoa, Italy, and used publicly available weather data from year 2020. We numerically assessed three PCMs against conventional thermal insulating materials, on three different flat wall geometries, using a one-dimensional heat transfer model, implemented in MATLAB. The most relevant characteristic of PCMs is their phase transition condition. Our model is based on the assumption that PCM transitions occur in a specific temperature range, and this yields to an instantaneous increase of their specific heat. Subsequently, based on a 25-year PCM life cycle assumption, we carried out a thermo-economic analysis based on the Net Present Value (NVP) index, a Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and a carbon dioxide (CO2) saving estimation. Linear regression was used to predict the future economic and environmental scenarios. Simulation results showed that PCM performance is not as high as expected when benchmarked against a conventional insulating material. Specifically, PCMs do not reduce winter thermal demand and CO 2 emissions over their life cycle are twice those of the classical insulator taken as a reference. We then numerically evaluated their performance in a warmer climate, corresponding to a South Mediterranean region, and under these conditions PCMs outperformed against conventional insulators, thus justifying their current higher cost.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"455 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125791046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.75-78
O. Kaplan, Y. Güney
The accuracy of the vibration measurements is directly related to testing equipment. There are some reasons that affect the performance of instruments like sensitivity, internal noise level, temperature, pressure etc. The influence of instruments should be considered in vibration recordings. There are too many products on the market. For the researchers, the main struggle is to decide which sensors or digitizers or their combinations should be used for the defined study aim or the equipment which they have is suitable or not for their purpose of the study. There are limited studies in this field in the literature. In this study, three different sensors were compared in the frequency domain, a seismometer and two different accelerometers. The seismometer is Guralp CMG-6TD (G6), one of the accelerometers is Guralp CMG-5TCDE (G5) and the other one is TDG Sensebox-7021 (TDG). The measurements were conducted in a four-story, residential reinforced concrete (RC) frame building. G6 and G5, G5 and TDG were compared to each other in two different measurements. As a result of this study, in all comparisons, the first mode’s frequencies were very close to each other and the frequency spectrums which established by means of the compared instruments were quite similar to each other.
{"title":"Comparisons of Three Different Sensors in Different Ambient Vibration Measurements","authors":"O. Kaplan, Y. Güney","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.75-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.75-78","url":null,"abstract":"The accuracy of the vibration measurements is directly related to testing equipment. There are some reasons that affect the performance of instruments like sensitivity, internal noise level, temperature, pressure etc. The influence of instruments should be considered in vibration recordings. There are too many products on the market. For the researchers, the main struggle is to decide which sensors or digitizers or their combinations should be used for the defined study aim or the equipment which they have is suitable or not for their purpose of the study. There are limited studies in this field in the literature. In this study, three different sensors were compared in the frequency domain, a seismometer and two different accelerometers. The seismometer is Guralp CMG-6TD (G6), one of the accelerometers is Guralp CMG-5TCDE (G5) and the other one is TDG Sensebox-7021 (TDG). The measurements were conducted in a four-story, residential reinforced concrete (RC) frame building. G6 and G5, G5 and TDG were compared to each other in two different measurements. As a result of this study, in all comparisons, the first mode’s frequencies were very close to each other and the frequency spectrums which established by means of the compared instruments were quite similar to each other. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127009480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.234-239
Y. Miyachi, K. Hayashi, Taiki Saito
In past earthquake disasters, many pile foundations of building were damaged. Although many researchers have examined the relationships related to soilpile-superstructure interaction, few studies have been conducted to examine the damage of piles based on experiment. This study investigated the relationship between the pile fracture and dynamic response of a superstructure when the footing is embedded. Also, we tried evaluating the ultimate shear strength of a pile foundation when the pile was shear fractured. The shaking table test under a centrifuge field was conducted to investigate the behavior of the RC pile foundation. The diameter of the pile model is 25mm (1.25m in prototype scale). This pile model consists of mortar, four main reinforcement bars and a hoop reinforcement bar. The experimental model was set in a laminar shear box filled with Toyoura dry sand. The density of the soil was 60%. In the shaking table test, 11 different amplitude Rinkai waves were input under a 50G field. In the result of the experiment, the heads of the pile models were shear fractured. It caused the reduction of vibration transmissibility between the superstructure and the ground surface. The maximum inertial force of the superstructure mostly corresponded to the total value of the ultimate shear strength calculated using the shear strength of the pile model, the coefficient of pile group effect, and the resistance force of footing.
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