Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.26-33
M. Omar, A. A. Tair
Pile foundation is a system used to provide the stability of the structures, this is by transferring the structures reactions through the weak soil layers to the hard strata [1]. The piles may transfer the structure reaction by the friction between the pile and soil layers or the bearing between the pile and the hard soil strata or it may be a combination between the skin friction and end bearing. The compression pile capacity is one of the important aspects of any pile. During the design stage the pile capacity should be calculated accurately to provide a good estimation of the proposed pile foundation system. The common way used to estimate the pile compression capacity is to use the historical theoretical equations. In this research a numerical model of the pile will be modeled by using PLAXIS 2D, this is to estimate the pile compression capacity “the numerical pile capacity”. This capacity will be compared with the actual pile compression capacity based on the static load test results.
{"title":"Numerical Evaluation of Long Pile’s Compression Capacity","authors":"M. Omar, A. A. Tair","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.26-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.26-33","url":null,"abstract":"Pile foundation is a system used to provide the stability of the structures, this is by transferring the structures reactions through the weak soil layers to the hard strata [1]. The piles may transfer the structure reaction by the friction between the pile and soil layers or the bearing between the pile and the hard soil strata or it may be a combination between the skin friction and end bearing. The compression pile capacity is one of the important aspects of any pile. During the design stage the pile capacity should be calculated accurately to provide a good estimation of the proposed pile foundation system. The common way used to estimate the pile compression capacity is to use the historical theoretical equations. In this research a numerical model of the pile will be modeled by using PLAXIS 2D, this is to estimate the pile compression capacity “the numerical pile capacity”. This capacity will be compared with the actual pile compression capacity based on the static load test results. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"139 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131579936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.3.123-127
Mahmoud Ershadi, Marcus Jefferies, P. Davis, M. Mojtahedi
The contribution of an organization in environmental sustainability is reflected in its processes, supply chain, operations, and services. A sustainable construction contracting organization leaves a positive impact on the environment and society since it does not limit its concerns to the border of its business but extends its considerations to the surrounding environment. Running projects and gaining business advantages should not be sought at the expense of endangering the ecological environment. Several contractors in the construction industry consider the relevant criteria to control their ethical impacts and sustainability practices. Such criteria can be considered in the pre-project evaluation and selection so that the sustainability goals are supported. Construction contracting organizations are facing complexities in selecting the right projects with respect to conflicting objectives and requirements. Consideration of all project selection criteria including resource capacity, budget constraints, risk, return, economic metrics, and corporate goals, when are coupled with sustainability requirements becomes even more complex for business leaders. Project portfolio management as a facilitating tool can be used to balance these criteria and help contractors choose to tender projects that they are capable of completing without generating massive waste and sacrificing the environment. There is a paucity of research on the application of the project portfolio management approach to factor in sustainability for the selection and oversight of a set of projects. This study aims to provide an understanding of the benefits of applying the project portfolio management in achieving sustainable development of construction contracting organizations. The findings in terms of 11 potential sustainability actions provide insight into the consideration of sustainability as an important factor in the selection and execution of projects regarding the contractors’ level of capabilities and resource capacities.
{"title":"Incorporating Environmental Sustainability in Project Portfolio Management by Construction Contractors","authors":"Mahmoud Ershadi, Marcus Jefferies, P. Davis, M. Mojtahedi","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.3.123-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.3.123-127","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of an organization in environmental sustainability is reflected in its processes, supply chain, operations, and services. A sustainable construction contracting organization leaves a positive impact on the environment and society since it does not limit its concerns to the border of its business but extends its considerations to the surrounding environment. Running projects and gaining business advantages should not be sought at the expense of endangering the ecological environment. Several contractors in the construction industry consider the relevant criteria to control their ethical impacts and sustainability practices. Such criteria can be considered in the pre-project evaluation and selection so that the sustainability goals are supported. Construction contracting organizations are facing complexities in selecting the right projects with respect to conflicting objectives and requirements. Consideration of all project selection criteria including resource capacity, budget constraints, risk, return, economic metrics, and corporate goals, when are coupled with sustainability requirements becomes even more complex for business leaders. Project portfolio management as a facilitating tool can be used to balance these criteria and help contractors choose to tender projects that they are capable of completing without generating massive waste and sacrificing the environment. There is a paucity of research on the application of the project portfolio management approach to factor in sustainability for the selection and oversight of a set of projects. This study aims to provide an understanding of the benefits of applying the project portfolio management in achieving sustainable development of construction contracting organizations. The findings in terms of 11 potential sustainability actions provide insight into the consideration of sustainability as an important factor in the selection and execution of projects regarding the contractors’ level of capabilities and resource capacities. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129952567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.79-82
Jiaxin Wang, R. Miao, Z. Xiaowen, Wang Jun
The construction of a new type urban rail transit is a systematic project. This paper first introduces the related theories of System Engineering and Integration. As the interface issues are complex, it is necessary to analyze the project from a system perspective. In the implementation of Shanghai Pujiang APM core electromechanical equipment system project, the system integration methods are used to instruct the system engineering process during the whole project life cycle. At the same time, this paper introduces the application of several management tools and methods to realize the scientific management of engineering technology. Through a comprehensive technical route and management approach, the integration model of the APM core electromechanical equipment system is established, and the idea of project implementation is clarified. It effectively improved the project’s quality to better meet the customer’s requirements.
{"title":"Application of System Engineering in APM Project","authors":"Jiaxin Wang, R. Miao, Z. Xiaowen, Wang Jun","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.79-82","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.79-82","url":null,"abstract":"The construction of a new type urban rail transit is a systematic project. This paper first introduces the related theories of System Engineering and Integration. As the interface issues are complex, it is necessary to analyze the project from a system perspective. In the implementation of Shanghai Pujiang APM core electromechanical equipment system project, the system integration methods are used to instruct the system engineering process during the whole project life cycle. At the same time, this paper introduces the application of several management tools and methods to realize the scientific management of engineering technology. Through a comprehensive technical route and management approach, the integration model of the APM core electromechanical equipment system is established, and the idea of project implementation is clarified. It effectively improved the project’s quality to better meet the customer’s requirements.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132151759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.223-226
R. Singh, Damandeep Singh
Over the past decades concrete technology has entered the broad areas of research to enhance the properties and performance of concrete. Moreover there is the introduction of the new types of concrete such as selfcompacting concrete (SCC), high strength concrete (HSC) or ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). Now these types of concrete are being widely used in the world and they require the high cement binder. So high cement content means high loss to environment as in the manufacturing of one tonne of cement, about 1 tonne of CO2 is emitted. So it is necessary to reduce usage of cement by introducing new supplementary cementitious materials which are the byproducts of industries to reduce debris. Rice Husk Ash is one of these. The potential of rice husk ash as a cement replacement or addition material is well established. A review of literature urges the need for optimizing the replacement level or additionof RHA in concrete for improved compressive strength at optimum water binder ratio. This paper discusses the improved compressive strength of RHAHigh strength concrete at optimized conditions.
{"title":"Effect of Rice Husk Ash on Compressive Strength of Concrete","authors":"R. Singh, Damandeep Singh","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.223-226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.223-226","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades concrete technology has entered the broad areas of research to enhance the properties and performance of concrete. Moreover there is the introduction of the new types of concrete such as selfcompacting concrete (SCC), high strength concrete (HSC) or ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). Now these types of concrete are being widely used in the world and they require the high cement binder. So high cement content means high loss to environment as in the manufacturing of one tonne of cement, about 1 tonne of CO2 is emitted. So it is necessary to reduce usage of cement by introducing new supplementary cementitious materials which are the byproducts of industries to reduce debris. Rice Husk Ash is one of these. The potential of rice husk ash as a cement replacement or addition material is well established. A review of literature urges the need for optimizing the replacement level or additionof RHA in concrete for improved compressive strength at optimum water binder ratio. This paper discusses the improved compressive strength of RHAHigh strength concrete at optimized conditions.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121189992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.4.94-98
Safaa Abdulsalam, Zainab Awadh, H. Al-Baghli, J. Chakkamalayath
—Proper curing of concrete is an essential requirement for achieving the desired long-term properties of concrete. Curing of concrete using Internal Curing Materials (ICMs) is considered as an effective method to eliminate self-desiccation and autogenous shrinkage. Two different types of internal curing materials (ICMs), pre-saturated recycled aggregates of construction and demolition wastes (RA), and Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) were used in this investigation to study the impact of these materials on the durability performance of concrete. Durability was assessed by measuring the resistance of concrete to chloride ion penetration, and chloride diffusion of high performance concrete (HPC) mixes prepared with a water to cement ratio 0.35, after 28 days of curing in both water and air. Overall results showed that the concrete specimens with air curing method have less resistance to chloride penetration compared to water cured specimens. Also, the mix with recycled aggregates under both curing methods had shown better resistance to chloride ion penetration than the control mix and mix with SAP due to the internal water effectively provided by the recycled aggregates during hydration.
{"title":"Influence of Internal Curing Materials on Durability Properties of High-Performance Concrete","authors":"Safaa Abdulsalam, Zainab Awadh, H. Al-Baghli, J. Chakkamalayath","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.4.94-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.4.94-98","url":null,"abstract":"—Proper curing of concrete is an essential requirement for achieving the desired long-term properties of concrete. Curing of concrete using Internal Curing Materials (ICMs) is considered as an effective method to eliminate self-desiccation and autogenous shrinkage. Two different types of internal curing materials (ICMs), pre-saturated recycled aggregates of construction and demolition wastes (RA), and Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) were used in this investigation to study the impact of these materials on the durability performance of concrete. Durability was assessed by measuring the resistance of concrete to chloride ion penetration, and chloride diffusion of high performance concrete (HPC) mixes prepared with a water to cement ratio 0.35, after 28 days of curing in both water and air. Overall results showed that the concrete specimens with air curing method have less resistance to chloride penetration compared to water cured specimens. Also, the mix with recycled aggregates under both curing methods had shown better resistance to chloride ion penetration than the control mix and mix with SAP due to the internal water effectively provided by the recycled aggregates during hydration.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126754658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.3.106-112
A. Tahmouresi, A. Robati, G. Urgessa, Homa Haghighi
The use of intelligent optimization and modeling methods is rapidly increasing in many fields including concrete technology. In recent years, concrete mix design has been studied using intelligent models in which the artificial neural networks are among the most popular and widely utilized method. However, this modeling depends on an optimization process, and the structured model should be tuned by implementing optimization techniques. Additionally, finding the most appropriate neural network structure for solving the concrete mix design problem was proven to be an important challenge in the state-of-the art. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel strategy in which an evolutionary algorithm and a structure of artificial neural network were fused to find the best network for modeling the compressive strength of Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) and to extract the most optimal mix design. The novel strategy is tested using 169 data-sets with each set containing 11 concrete constituent properties. The proposed GA-ANN-GA strategy not only finds the best model but also presents the most optimal mix design of concrete to mitigate the challenges reported in recent studies.
{"title":"A Combined Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural Network Optimization Method for Mix Design of Self Consolidating Concrete","authors":"A. Tahmouresi, A. Robati, G. Urgessa, Homa Haghighi","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.3.106-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.3.106-112","url":null,"abstract":"The use of intelligent optimization and modeling methods is rapidly increasing in many fields including concrete technology. In recent years, concrete mix design has been studied using intelligent models in which the artificial neural networks are among the most popular and widely utilized method. However, this modeling depends on an optimization process, and the structured model should be tuned by implementing optimization techniques. Additionally, finding the most appropriate neural network structure for solving the concrete mix design problem was proven to be an important challenge in the state-of-the art. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel strategy in which an evolutionary algorithm and a structure of artificial neural network were fused to find the best network for modeling the compressive strength of Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) and to extract the most optimal mix design. The novel strategy is tested using 169 data-sets with each set containing 11 concrete constituent properties. The proposed GA-ANN-GA strategy not only finds the best model but also presents the most optimal mix design of concrete to mitigate the challenges reported in recent studies. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.54-58
Pita Asih Bekti Cahyanti, Adi Utomo Hatmoko, Ali Rizak, C. Agus, K. Kurniawan
Jabodetabek or Greater Jakarta is an official and administrative definition of the urban area or megacity surrounding the Indonesia capital city, Jakarta. The population of Jabodetabek, with an area of 6,392 km, was over 30.0 million by January 2014 or about 11.26% of national population, making it the most populous region in Indonesia. The center of Jakarta is the center of government, culture, education, economy, finance, manufacture and commerce while the sub-urban area became the center of the settlement. It’s causes jam, high cost, wasteful, inefficient, pollution, longer time, uncomforted, high life stress. Restructuring the shifting of the center of business economic activities to the sub-urban areas closed to the residential area is expected to increase amenities, productivity and efficiency. The local special characters of Betawi culture that had been marginalized in Jakarta can be revived in the development of new office centers, shopping and education in sub-urban areas. Wider spatial arrangement and optimal tropical climate can realize harmony of nature, humanity, social, culture, monetary, psychological, spiritual, environment and life for sustainable development.
{"title":"Development of Betawi Architecture for Green and Low-Energy Building of Tropical Sub-urban Business Centre in Greater Jakarta","authors":"Pita Asih Bekti Cahyanti, Adi Utomo Hatmoko, Ali Rizak, C. Agus, K. Kurniawan","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.54-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.54-58","url":null,"abstract":"Jabodetabek or Greater Jakarta is an official and administrative definition of the urban area or megacity surrounding the Indonesia capital city, Jakarta. The population of Jabodetabek, with an area of 6,392 km, was over 30.0 million by January 2014 or about 11.26% of national population, making it the most populous region in Indonesia. The center of Jakarta is the center of government, culture, education, economy, finance, manufacture and commerce while the sub-urban area became the center of the settlement. It’s causes jam, high cost, wasteful, inefficient, pollution, longer time, uncomforted, high life stress. Restructuring the shifting of the center of business economic activities to the sub-urban areas closed to the residential area is expected to increase amenities, productivity and efficiency. The local special characters of Betawi culture that had been marginalized in Jakarta can be revived in the development of new office centers, shopping and education in sub-urban areas. Wider spatial arrangement and optimal tropical climate can realize harmony of nature, humanity, social, culture, monetary, psychological, spiritual, environment and life for sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130661156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.2.42-45
M. Khasawneh, Rabea AL-Jarazi
— Under repeated traffic loading, knowledge and understanding of cumulative permanent deformation and failure mechanisms for subgrade soils (fine-grained soils) are crucial for the proper design and maintenance planning of pavement structures. In other words, considering the great contribution of subgrade soils to the overall performance of pavement structures, it is crucial to provide the best prediction of permanent deformation behavior. This paper presents a new predictive equation for the permanent deformation of fine-grained soils (A-4a and A-6a soils) utilizing the dummy-variable multiple linear regression technique. The permanent deformation (PD) results revealed that A-4a at OMC exhibited the least plastic deformation versus the highest plastic deformation assigned to A-6a compacted at 2% wet of OMC. The results obtained could be used to help engineers in characterizing fine-grained materials. As per the statistical analysis carried out in this study, the dummy regression for permanent deformation did not greatly improve the prediction power of the model.
{"title":"The Prediction of Permanent Deformation of Fine-Grained Soils Using Multiple Linear Regression: Dummy Variables","authors":"M. Khasawneh, Rabea AL-Jarazi","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.2.42-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.2.42-45","url":null,"abstract":"— Under repeated traffic loading, knowledge and understanding of cumulative permanent deformation and failure mechanisms for subgrade soils (fine-grained soils) are crucial for the proper design and maintenance planning of pavement structures. In other words, considering the great contribution of subgrade soils to the overall performance of pavement structures, it is crucial to provide the best prediction of permanent deformation behavior. This paper presents a new predictive equation for the permanent deformation of fine-grained soils (A-4a and A-6a soils) utilizing the dummy-variable multiple linear regression technique. The permanent deformation (PD) results revealed that A-4a at OMC exhibited the least plastic deformation versus the highest plastic deformation assigned to A-6a compacted at 2% wet of OMC. The results obtained could be used to help engineers in characterizing fine-grained materials. As per the statistical analysis carried out in this study, the dummy regression for permanent deformation did not greatly improve the prediction power of the model.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125400138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/IJSCER.10.2.76-79
Noura A. Almutawa, H. Almuhanna, A. K. Saleh
—Non-destructive testing (NDT) is commonly implemented to determine the reliability of the concrete structure elements. In this study, we present a nondestructive diagnosis of structural members of an existing reinforced concrete building. Different types of in situ noninvasive tests such as Schmidt Hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity together with invasive concrete coring were carried out to investigate the relation between rebound number/ultra sonic pulse velocity and concrete compressive strength by the following correlations: 1) Linear regression, 2) Exponential regression, and 3) Multiple nonlinear regression. Among these cases, the combined SonReb model yielded the most reliable estimates to predict the compressive strength, where a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.81 was obtained. However, the use of rebound hammer test only found to be not adequate for the estimation of compressive strength. Due to the exposure of the RC building to the harsh environment for long period (more than 30 years), data from 18 extracted cores were further analyzed to study the effect of carbonation on steel reinforcement. The presence of significant carbonation depth ( 22 mm) and the large amounts of chloride lead to severe steel corrosion in several parts of the
{"title":"Nondestructive Testing on Reinforced Concrete Structure: A Case Study","authors":"Noura A. Almutawa, H. Almuhanna, A. K. Saleh","doi":"10.18178/IJSCER.10.2.76-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/IJSCER.10.2.76-79","url":null,"abstract":"—Non-destructive testing (NDT) is commonly implemented to determine the reliability of the concrete structure elements. In this study, we present a nondestructive diagnosis of structural members of an existing reinforced concrete building. Different types of in situ noninvasive tests such as Schmidt Hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity together with invasive concrete coring were carried out to investigate the relation between rebound number/ultra sonic pulse velocity and concrete compressive strength by the following correlations: 1) Linear regression, 2) Exponential regression, and 3) Multiple nonlinear regression. Among these cases, the combined SonReb model yielded the most reliable estimates to predict the compressive strength, where a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.81 was obtained. However, the use of rebound hammer test only found to be not adequate for the estimation of compressive strength. Due to the exposure of the RC building to the harsh environment for long period (more than 30 years), data from 18 extracted cores were further analyzed to study the effect of carbonation on steel reinforcement. The presence of significant carbonation depth ( 22 mm) and the large amounts of chloride lead to severe steel corrosion in several parts of the","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122992465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.126-132
Mohaddeseh Tahanpour Javadabadi, M. Baghban
The demand for cement and concrete is highly increasing due to urbanization and increase in the world’s population. Portland cement production releases substantial amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, which is causing the climate change. Furthermore, cement and concrete industries consume a large amount of energy and natural resources. Therefore, it is important to develop new methods to overcome the challenges created by these products. The purpose of this paper is to make a review of opportunities for achieving sustainable cement and concrete industry. Using supplementary cementitious materials as partial replacement of cement, is one of the main opportunities to reduce the amount of cement usage in concrete. The paper also reviews other factors that can increase sustainability of cement and concrete industry, which include utilizing recycled aggregates and other recycled materials, optimize concrete mix design, structural optimization, replacement of fossil fuels, carbon capture and storage, increasing durability of concrete, extending the service life of existing infrastructures, water management, implementing regulations as well as other opportunities such as carbonation, alternative binders, energy storage and energy harvesting. These solutions can play an important role in producing more sustainable concrete and thus, reducing GHG emissions, conserving natural resources, decreasing wastes and conserving energy.
{"title":"Sustainable Concrete: A Review","authors":"Mohaddeseh Tahanpour Javadabadi, M. Baghban","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.2.126-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.2.126-132","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for cement and concrete is highly increasing due to urbanization and increase in the world’s population. Portland cement production releases substantial amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, which is causing the climate change. Furthermore, cement and concrete industries consume a large amount of energy and natural resources. Therefore, it is important to develop new methods to overcome the challenges created by these products. The purpose of this paper is to make a review of opportunities for achieving sustainable cement and concrete industry. Using supplementary cementitious materials as partial replacement of cement, is one of the main opportunities to reduce the amount of cement usage in concrete. The paper also reviews other factors that can increase sustainability of cement and concrete industry, which include utilizing recycled aggregates and other recycled materials, optimize concrete mix design, structural optimization, replacement of fossil fuels, carbon capture and storage, increasing durability of concrete, extending the service life of existing infrastructures, water management, implementing regulations as well as other opportunities such as carbonation, alternative binders, energy storage and energy harvesting. These solutions can play an important role in producing more sustainable concrete and thus, reducing GHG emissions, conserving natural resources, decreasing wastes and conserving energy. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132136115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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