Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.1.26-33
M. Omar, A. A. Tair
Pile foundation is a system used to provide the stability of the structures, this is by transferring the structures reactions through the weak soil layers to the hard strata [1]. The piles may transfer the structure reaction by the friction between the pile and soil layers or the bearing between the pile and the hard soil strata or it may be a combination between the skin friction and end bearing. The compression pile capacity is one of the important aspects of any pile. During the design stage the pile capacity should be calculated accurately to provide a good estimation of the proposed pile foundation system. The common way used to estimate the pile compression capacity is to use the historical theoretical equations. In this research a numerical model of the pile will be modeled by using PLAXIS 2D, this is to estimate the pile compression capacity “the numerical pile capacity”. This capacity will be compared with the actual pile compression capacity based on the static load test results.
{"title":"Numerical Evaluation of Long Pile’s Compression Capacity","authors":"M. Omar, A. A. Tair","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.1.26-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.1.26-33","url":null,"abstract":"Pile foundation is a system used to provide the stability of the structures, this is by transferring the structures reactions through the weak soil layers to the hard strata [1]. The piles may transfer the structure reaction by the friction between the pile and soil layers or the bearing between the pile and the hard soil strata or it may be a combination between the skin friction and end bearing. The compression pile capacity is one of the important aspects of any pile. During the design stage the pile capacity should be calculated accurately to provide a good estimation of the proposed pile foundation system. The common way used to estimate the pile compression capacity is to use the historical theoretical equations. In this research a numerical model of the pile will be modeled by using PLAXIS 2D, this is to estimate the pile compression capacity “the numerical pile capacity”. This capacity will be compared with the actual pile compression capacity based on the static load test results. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"139 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131579936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.12.3.63-67
T. Spiegelhalter
—AI-ML-assisted Generative Design (GD) using Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) techniques and Topology Optimization (TO) has undergone massive growth over the past few years. As a result, AI and GD have essential applications in many fields, such as Industrial & Product Design, Medicine, Synthetic Biology, Infrastructure, Architecture, Engineering & Construction (AEC). This research paper discusses the performance-based workflows for AI-ML assisted, cloud computation and EA-driven Generative Design with topological optimisation to reduce weight and cost. The discussed research is a lightweight real-world hybrid, awarded 50 m robot 3d-printed bluemint®steel bridge design and off-the-shelf steel tube prefabrication in Germany, completed in June 2023. [3] The generative bridge design with finite element structural analysis (FEA) and cloud-driven deep neural network (GNN) scenarios will demonstrate the largest 3d-printed Wire-and-arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) pedestrian/bicycle bridge inspired by biology worldwide.
{"title":"Performance-based, AI-ML-assisted Generative EA Design with Bio-inspired Topological Optimisations of a 50m, 3D-printed Steel Bridge","authors":"T. Spiegelhalter","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.12.3.63-67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.12.3.63-67","url":null,"abstract":"—AI-ML-assisted Generative Design (GD) using Evolutionary Algorithms (EA) techniques and Topology Optimization (TO) has undergone massive growth over the past few years. As a result, AI and GD have essential applications in many fields, such as Industrial & Product Design, Medicine, Synthetic Biology, Infrastructure, Architecture, Engineering & Construction (AEC). This research paper discusses the performance-based workflows for AI-ML assisted, cloud computation and EA-driven Generative Design with topological optimisation to reduce weight and cost. The discussed research is a lightweight real-world hybrid, awarded 50 m robot 3d-printed bluemint®steel bridge design and off-the-shelf steel tube prefabrication in Germany, completed in June 2023. [3] The generative bridge design with finite element structural analysis (FEA) and cloud-driven deep neural network (GNN) scenarios will demonstrate the largest 3d-printed Wire-and-arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM) pedestrian/bicycle bridge inspired by biology worldwide.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127568357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.3.119-122
Mohammed Lamine Moussaoui, M. Chabaat, A. Kibboua
This research consists to determine the security margin reliability with probabilistic analysis using the dynamic computed stresses and the RC reinforced concrete strength of a specific bridge structure. The maximum stresses are obtained from a dynamic finite element damage detection analysis in which each value is computed inside a mesh element under severe loadings [1, 5]. The RC strength stochastic characteristics are calculated from experiments and RC composite materials mixture rules. Reliability of computed stresses from a damage detection analysis [1] became an important structural health monitoring process. The main objective of this research work is the probabilistic analysis of the dynamic operating stresses using their calculated stochastic characteristics. This research work allows quantifying the structural warranty period including unpredictable and stochastic phenomena like natural disasters under severe loadings. An important vital structure with known stochastic characteristics is analyzed by quantifying and increasing its lifetime period. The RC strength stochastic characteristics and structural security margin reliability of a specific designed structure are performed.
{"title":"Structural Probabilistic Health Monitoring of a Potentially Damaged Bridge","authors":"Mohammed Lamine Moussaoui, M. Chabaat, A. Kibboua","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.3.119-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.3.119-122","url":null,"abstract":"This research consists to determine the security margin reliability with probabilistic analysis using the dynamic computed stresses and the RC reinforced concrete strength of a specific bridge structure. The maximum stresses are obtained from a dynamic finite element damage detection analysis in which each value is computed inside a mesh element under severe loadings [1, 5]. The RC strength stochastic characteristics are calculated from experiments and RC composite materials mixture rules. Reliability of computed stresses from a damage detection analysis [1] became an important structural health monitoring process. The main objective of this research work is the probabilistic analysis of the dynamic operating stresses using their calculated stochastic characteristics. This research work allows quantifying the structural warranty period including unpredictable and stochastic phenomena like natural disasters under severe loadings. An important vital structure with known stochastic characteristics is analyzed by quantifying and increasing its lifetime period. The RC strength stochastic characteristics and structural security margin reliability of a specific designed structure are performed. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130892877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.3.223-226
R. Singh, Damandeep Singh
Over the past decades concrete technology has entered the broad areas of research to enhance the properties and performance of concrete. Moreover there is the introduction of the new types of concrete such as selfcompacting concrete (SCC), high strength concrete (HSC) or ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). Now these types of concrete are being widely used in the world and they require the high cement binder. So high cement content means high loss to environment as in the manufacturing of one tonne of cement, about 1 tonne of CO2 is emitted. So it is necessary to reduce usage of cement by introducing new supplementary cementitious materials which are the byproducts of industries to reduce debris. Rice Husk Ash is one of these. The potential of rice husk ash as a cement replacement or addition material is well established. A review of literature urges the need for optimizing the replacement level or additionof RHA in concrete for improved compressive strength at optimum water binder ratio. This paper discusses the improved compressive strength of RHAHigh strength concrete at optimized conditions.
{"title":"Effect of Rice Husk Ash on Compressive Strength of Concrete","authors":"R. Singh, Damandeep Singh","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.3.223-226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.3.223-226","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past decades concrete technology has entered the broad areas of research to enhance the properties and performance of concrete. Moreover there is the introduction of the new types of concrete such as selfcompacting concrete (SCC), high strength concrete (HSC) or ultra-high strength concrete (UHSC). Now these types of concrete are being widely used in the world and they require the high cement binder. So high cement content means high loss to environment as in the manufacturing of one tonne of cement, about 1 tonne of CO2 is emitted. So it is necessary to reduce usage of cement by introducing new supplementary cementitious materials which are the byproducts of industries to reduce debris. Rice Husk Ash is one of these. The potential of rice husk ash as a cement replacement or addition material is well established. A review of literature urges the need for optimizing the replacement level or additionof RHA in concrete for improved compressive strength at optimum water binder ratio. This paper discusses the improved compressive strength of RHAHigh strength concrete at optimized conditions.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121189992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/IJSCER.10.2.76-79
Noura A. Almutawa, H. Almuhanna, A. K. Saleh
—Non-destructive testing (NDT) is commonly implemented to determine the reliability of the concrete structure elements. In this study, we present a nondestructive diagnosis of structural members of an existing reinforced concrete building. Different types of in situ noninvasive tests such as Schmidt Hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity together with invasive concrete coring were carried out to investigate the relation between rebound number/ultra sonic pulse velocity and concrete compressive strength by the following correlations: 1) Linear regression, 2) Exponential regression, and 3) Multiple nonlinear regression. Among these cases, the combined SonReb model yielded the most reliable estimates to predict the compressive strength, where a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.81 was obtained. However, the use of rebound hammer test only found to be not adequate for the estimation of compressive strength. Due to the exposure of the RC building to the harsh environment for long period (more than 30 years), data from 18 extracted cores were further analyzed to study the effect of carbonation on steel reinforcement. The presence of significant carbonation depth ( 22 mm) and the large amounts of chloride lead to severe steel corrosion in several parts of the
{"title":"Nondestructive Testing on Reinforced Concrete Structure: A Case Study","authors":"Noura A. Almutawa, H. Almuhanna, A. K. Saleh","doi":"10.18178/IJSCER.10.2.76-79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/IJSCER.10.2.76-79","url":null,"abstract":"—Non-destructive testing (NDT) is commonly implemented to determine the reliability of the concrete structure elements. In this study, we present a nondestructive diagnosis of structural members of an existing reinforced concrete building. Different types of in situ noninvasive tests such as Schmidt Hammer and ultrasonic pulse velocity together with invasive concrete coring were carried out to investigate the relation between rebound number/ultra sonic pulse velocity and concrete compressive strength by the following correlations: 1) Linear regression, 2) Exponential regression, and 3) Multiple nonlinear regression. Among these cases, the combined SonReb model yielded the most reliable estimates to predict the compressive strength, where a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.81 was obtained. However, the use of rebound hammer test only found to be not adequate for the estimation of compressive strength. Due to the exposure of the RC building to the harsh environment for long period (more than 30 years), data from 18 extracted cores were further analyzed to study the effect of carbonation on steel reinforcement. The presence of significant carbonation depth ( 22 mm) and the large amounts of chloride lead to severe steel corrosion in several parts of the","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122992465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.10.3.106-112
A. Tahmouresi, A. Robati, G. Urgessa, Homa Haghighi
The use of intelligent optimization and modeling methods is rapidly increasing in many fields including concrete technology. In recent years, concrete mix design has been studied using intelligent models in which the artificial neural networks are among the most popular and widely utilized method. However, this modeling depends on an optimization process, and the structured model should be tuned by implementing optimization techniques. Additionally, finding the most appropriate neural network structure for solving the concrete mix design problem was proven to be an important challenge in the state-of-the art. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel strategy in which an evolutionary algorithm and a structure of artificial neural network were fused to find the best network for modeling the compressive strength of Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) and to extract the most optimal mix design. The novel strategy is tested using 169 data-sets with each set containing 11 concrete constituent properties. The proposed GA-ANN-GA strategy not only finds the best model but also presents the most optimal mix design of concrete to mitigate the challenges reported in recent studies.
{"title":"A Combined Genetic Algorithm-Artificial Neural Network Optimization Method for Mix Design of Self Consolidating Concrete","authors":"A. Tahmouresi, A. Robati, G. Urgessa, Homa Haghighi","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.10.3.106-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.10.3.106-112","url":null,"abstract":"The use of intelligent optimization and modeling methods is rapidly increasing in many fields including concrete technology. In recent years, concrete mix design has been studied using intelligent models in which the artificial neural networks are among the most popular and widely utilized method. However, this modeling depends on an optimization process, and the structured model should be tuned by implementing optimization techniques. Additionally, finding the most appropriate neural network structure for solving the concrete mix design problem was proven to be an important challenge in the state-of-the art. Therefore, this paper introduces a novel strategy in which an evolutionary algorithm and a structure of artificial neural network were fused to find the best network for modeling the compressive strength of Self Consolidating Concrete (SCC) and to extract the most optimal mix design. The novel strategy is tested using 169 data-sets with each set containing 11 concrete constituent properties. The proposed GA-ANN-GA strategy not only finds the best model but also presents the most optimal mix design of concrete to mitigate the challenges reported in recent studies. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.4.94-98
Safaa Abdulsalam, Zainab Awadh, H. Al-Baghli, J. Chakkamalayath
—Proper curing of concrete is an essential requirement for achieving the desired long-term properties of concrete. Curing of concrete using Internal Curing Materials (ICMs) is considered as an effective method to eliminate self-desiccation and autogenous shrinkage. Two different types of internal curing materials (ICMs), pre-saturated recycled aggregates of construction and demolition wastes (RA), and Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) were used in this investigation to study the impact of these materials on the durability performance of concrete. Durability was assessed by measuring the resistance of concrete to chloride ion penetration, and chloride diffusion of high performance concrete (HPC) mixes prepared with a water to cement ratio 0.35, after 28 days of curing in both water and air. Overall results showed that the concrete specimens with air curing method have less resistance to chloride penetration compared to water cured specimens. Also, the mix with recycled aggregates under both curing methods had shown better resistance to chloride ion penetration than the control mix and mix with SAP due to the internal water effectively provided by the recycled aggregates during hydration.
{"title":"Influence of Internal Curing Materials on Durability Properties of High-Performance Concrete","authors":"Safaa Abdulsalam, Zainab Awadh, H. Al-Baghli, J. Chakkamalayath","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.4.94-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.4.94-98","url":null,"abstract":"—Proper curing of concrete is an essential requirement for achieving the desired long-term properties of concrete. Curing of concrete using Internal Curing Materials (ICMs) is considered as an effective method to eliminate self-desiccation and autogenous shrinkage. Two different types of internal curing materials (ICMs), pre-saturated recycled aggregates of construction and demolition wastes (RA), and Superabsorbent Polymers (SAPs) were used in this investigation to study the impact of these materials on the durability performance of concrete. Durability was assessed by measuring the resistance of concrete to chloride ion penetration, and chloride diffusion of high performance concrete (HPC) mixes prepared with a water to cement ratio 0.35, after 28 days of curing in both water and air. Overall results showed that the concrete specimens with air curing method have less resistance to chloride penetration compared to water cured specimens. Also, the mix with recycled aggregates under both curing methods had shown better resistance to chloride ion penetration than the control mix and mix with SAP due to the internal water effectively provided by the recycled aggregates during hydration.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126754658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.11.2.42-45
M. Khasawneh, Rabea AL-Jarazi
— Under repeated traffic loading, knowledge and understanding of cumulative permanent deformation and failure mechanisms for subgrade soils (fine-grained soils) are crucial for the proper design and maintenance planning of pavement structures. In other words, considering the great contribution of subgrade soils to the overall performance of pavement structures, it is crucial to provide the best prediction of permanent deformation behavior. This paper presents a new predictive equation for the permanent deformation of fine-grained soils (A-4a and A-6a soils) utilizing the dummy-variable multiple linear regression technique. The permanent deformation (PD) results revealed that A-4a at OMC exhibited the least plastic deformation versus the highest plastic deformation assigned to A-6a compacted at 2% wet of OMC. The results obtained could be used to help engineers in characterizing fine-grained materials. As per the statistical analysis carried out in this study, the dummy regression for permanent deformation did not greatly improve the prediction power of the model.
{"title":"The Prediction of Permanent Deformation of Fine-Grained Soils Using Multiple Linear Regression: Dummy Variables","authors":"M. Khasawneh, Rabea AL-Jarazi","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.11.2.42-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.11.2.42-45","url":null,"abstract":"— Under repeated traffic loading, knowledge and understanding of cumulative permanent deformation and failure mechanisms for subgrade soils (fine-grained soils) are crucial for the proper design and maintenance planning of pavement structures. In other words, considering the great contribution of subgrade soils to the overall performance of pavement structures, it is crucial to provide the best prediction of permanent deformation behavior. This paper presents a new predictive equation for the permanent deformation of fine-grained soils (A-4a and A-6a soils) utilizing the dummy-variable multiple linear regression technique. The permanent deformation (PD) results revealed that A-4a at OMC exhibited the least plastic deformation versus the highest plastic deformation assigned to A-6a compacted at 2% wet of OMC. The results obtained could be used to help engineers in characterizing fine-grained materials. As per the statistical analysis carried out in this study, the dummy regression for permanent deformation did not greatly improve the prediction power of the model.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125400138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.107-112
Jeongsoo Kim, Yeon-Ju Jeong, Min-Su Park
—A new type of steel cofferdam for offshore structures is presented and analyzed in this paper. This new cofferdam is a single body with a large double sleeve cross-section, in contrast with the conventional one which is assembling steel sheet piles, and is filled with water inside. To evaluate its structural behaviors and safety against offshore loadings, several numerical analyses were conducted using ANSYS Mechanical. For each construction stage of the cofferdam, three-dimensional finite element models were used to simulate the cofferdam under offshore loadings including wave and wind which is corresponded to Southern-west Sea of Korea. Results show that suction and hydrostatic pressure is dominant across the board during installation. Also, earth pressure and hydrodynamic wave forces mainly affected stress increases during penetration and dewatering.
{"title":"Numerical Analysis of a Single Large-diameter Cofferdam under Offshore Loadings","authors":"Jeongsoo Kim, Yeon-Ju Jeong, Min-Su Park","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.2.107-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.2.107-112","url":null,"abstract":"—A new type of steel cofferdam for offshore structures is presented and analyzed in this paper. This new cofferdam is a single body with a large double sleeve cross-section, in contrast with the conventional one which is assembling steel sheet piles, and is filled with water inside. To evaluate its structural behaviors and safety against offshore loadings, several numerical analyses were conducted using ANSYS Mechanical. For each construction stage of the cofferdam, three-dimensional finite element models were used to simulate the cofferdam under offshore loadings including wave and wind which is corresponded to Southern-west Sea of Korea. Results show that suction and hydrostatic pressure is dominant across the board during installation. Also, earth pressure and hydrodynamic wave forces mainly affected stress increases during penetration and dewatering.","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"170 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132129716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.18178/ijscer.8.2.126-132
Mohaddeseh Tahanpour Javadabadi, M. Baghban
The demand for cement and concrete is highly increasing due to urbanization and increase in the world’s population. Portland cement production releases substantial amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, which is causing the climate change. Furthermore, cement and concrete industries consume a large amount of energy and natural resources. Therefore, it is important to develop new methods to overcome the challenges created by these products. The purpose of this paper is to make a review of opportunities for achieving sustainable cement and concrete industry. Using supplementary cementitious materials as partial replacement of cement, is one of the main opportunities to reduce the amount of cement usage in concrete. The paper also reviews other factors that can increase sustainability of cement and concrete industry, which include utilizing recycled aggregates and other recycled materials, optimize concrete mix design, structural optimization, replacement of fossil fuels, carbon capture and storage, increasing durability of concrete, extending the service life of existing infrastructures, water management, implementing regulations as well as other opportunities such as carbonation, alternative binders, energy storage and energy harvesting. These solutions can play an important role in producing more sustainable concrete and thus, reducing GHG emissions, conserving natural resources, decreasing wastes and conserving energy.
{"title":"Sustainable Concrete: A Review","authors":"Mohaddeseh Tahanpour Javadabadi, M. Baghban","doi":"10.18178/ijscer.8.2.126-132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18178/ijscer.8.2.126-132","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for cement and concrete is highly increasing due to urbanization and increase in the world’s population. Portland cement production releases substantial amounts of greenhouse gases (GHGs) into the atmosphere, which is causing the climate change. Furthermore, cement and concrete industries consume a large amount of energy and natural resources. Therefore, it is important to develop new methods to overcome the challenges created by these products. The purpose of this paper is to make a review of opportunities for achieving sustainable cement and concrete industry. Using supplementary cementitious materials as partial replacement of cement, is one of the main opportunities to reduce the amount of cement usage in concrete. The paper also reviews other factors that can increase sustainability of cement and concrete industry, which include utilizing recycled aggregates and other recycled materials, optimize concrete mix design, structural optimization, replacement of fossil fuels, carbon capture and storage, increasing durability of concrete, extending the service life of existing infrastructures, water management, implementing regulations as well as other opportunities such as carbonation, alternative binders, energy storage and energy harvesting. These solutions can play an important role in producing more sustainable concrete and thus, reducing GHG emissions, conserving natural resources, decreasing wastes and conserving energy. ","PeriodicalId":101411,"journal":{"name":"International journal of structural and civil engineering research","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132136115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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