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Evaluation of the effectiveness of pomegranate juice on some biochemical and tissue variables in male rats treated with Red Bull energy drink 评估石榴汁对服用红牛能量饮料的雄性大鼠的一些生化和组织变量的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.304
Ayat S. Muter, Loay H. Ali
The current study was designed to investigate the impact of pomegranate juice on some biochemical and tissue variables resulting from the administration of Red Bull energy drink in male rats. In this study, 28 male white rats were used and divided into four groups, each containing 7 animals, as follows: Group 1 (G1), received physiological saline solution (5 mL/kg) and a normal diet for 120 days. Group 2 (G2), administered Red Bull energy drink (1 ml per 100 g) and a standard diet. Group 3 (G3), given pomegranate juice (5 ml/kg) initially, followed by Red Bull. Group 4 (G4), given Red Bull initially, and after six weeks, administered pomegranate juice. After the completion of the treatment for all animals, blood was drawn from the heart for laboratory analysis. The results of the current study showed that the consumption of Red Bull energy drink led to an increase in the levels of RBS, AST, ALT, and oxidative damage, as indicated by elevated MDA levels. Additionally, there was a reduction in antioxidant levels, including glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT). Pomegranate juice has the ability to reduce the concentration of RBS, AST, and ALT. The results also demonstrated the ability of pomegranate juice to decrease oxidative stress by lowering MDA levels, along with its capability to increase the levels of antioxidants GSH and CAT in the blood serum. Histological changes in the stomach revealed loss of the histological pattern of the surface tissue, nuclear shrinkage of surface cells, infiltration of inflammatory lymphoid cells, as well as disruption in the muscle layer and thickening of the blood vessel wall compared to the negative control group. Additionally, histological changes in the small intestine tissue showed clear evidence of cell shrinkage (D) in the villi, thickening of the vessel wall (TW), along with pronounced infiltration of inflammatory cells (LI). The results also indicated clear evidence of blood congestion (CON) and degeneration of the muscular layer (DML) in the structure of intestinal tissue, compared to the negative control group. Histological examination results showed that pomegranate juice has the potential for cellular repair of stomach and small intestine tissues, making them closely approximate the histological structure of the control group. This suggests the possibility of using it in the treatment of cellular damage, enhancing the functional efficiency of tissue cells.
本研究旨在调查石榴汁对雄性大鼠饮用红牛能量饮料后产生的一些生化和组织变量的影响。本研究使用了 28 只雄性白鼠,将其分为以下四组,每组 7 只:第 1 组(G1),接受生理盐水(5 毫升/千克)和正常饮食 120 天。第 2 组(G2),饮用红牛能量饮料(每 100 克 1 毫升)和标准饮食。第 3 组(G3),首先饮用石榴汁(5 毫升/千克),然后饮用红牛。第 4 组(G4),首先饮用红牛,六周后再饮用石榴汁。所有动物的治疗结束后,从心脏抽血进行实验室分析。目前的研究结果表明,饮用红牛能量饮料会导致 RBS、AST、ALT 水平升高,MDA 水平升高会导致氧化损伤。此外,谷胱甘肽(GSH)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)等抗氧化剂水平也有所下降。石榴汁能够降低 RBS、AST 和 ALT 的浓度。研究结果还表明,石榴汁能通过降低 MDA 水平来减少氧化应激,同时还能提高血清中抗氧化剂 GSH 和 CAT 的水平。与阴性对照组相比,胃的组织学变化显示表面组织的组织学形态消失、表面细胞核萎缩、炎性淋巴细胞浸润、肌层破坏和血管壁增厚。此外,小肠组织的组织学变化显示,绒毛细胞明显萎缩(D),血管壁增厚(TW),炎症细胞明显浸润(LI)。与阴性对照组相比,结果还显示肠组织结构中有明显的充血(CON)和肌肉层退化(DML)迹象。组织学检查结果表明,石榴汁具有修复胃和小肠组织细胞的潜力,使其与对照组的组织学结构非常接近。这表明石榴汁可用于治疗细胞损伤,提高组织细胞的功能效率。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of watery extract of Curcuma longa powder (Turmeric) on multidrug- resistant Bacillus cereus recovered from fresh soft cheeses in Kirkuk 姜黄粉水提取物对从基尔库克新鲜软奶酪中回收的耐多药蜡样芽孢杆菌的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.314
Dahfir Alobaidi
Bacterial contamination is an important cause of foodborne diseases. Herbal medicine is known as botanical medicine or phytomedicine, which means a plant or any part of the plant, is used to prepare medicine to assist in the healing process during illness and disease. Medicinal plants contain natural chemicals, which are acceptable to human and animal systems. Curcumin Is extensively used as an aromatic medicinal cosmetic .It has been in traditional use and it is mentioned as a remedy for various diseases. These findings indicated that action of curcumin had significant inactivation effect on foodborne bacteria, the present study investigate action of curcumin on foodborne bacteria Bacillus cereus (B. cereus). The frequency and distribution pattern of Bacillus cereus in cow soft cheese were investigated indifferent regions in Kirkuk. 50 Pooled soft cheeses samples from different regions in Kirkuk were collected during February until June (2020), ten samples collected monthly from different supermarkets as same as proportion above. Modified procedures for isolation and identification were dependent, Gram stain, oxidase &catalase reaction aid in segregation. Modified Congo red assay used to detect biofilm and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used for determination sensitivity of isolates to ampicillin (AM 10µg),cephalexin (CLX, 30µg), azithromycin (AZM, 15µ) and vancomycin (VA 30µg). The results confirmed recovery of In conclusions. cheese production in Kirkuk are encountered by the problems of bacterial contamination and presence of multidrug resist strain of Bacillus cereus that considered a risk to public health, may be due both insufficient and misuse treatment with antibiotics or in somewhat due to bad quality and/or poor hygiene of processing involved in milk production. Thus recommended monitoring these products for better hygienic status.
细菌污染是食源性疾病的一个重要原因。草药被称为植物药或植物医学,意思是用植物或植物的任何部分来配制药物,以帮助疾病的治疗过程。药用植物含有人体和动物系统均可接受的天然化学物质。姜黄素被广泛用作芳香药用化妆品,在传统上一直被用作治疗各种疾病的药物。这些研究结果表明,姜黄素对食源性细菌有显著的灭活作用,本研究调查了姜黄素对食源性细菌蜡样芽孢杆菌(B. cereus)的作用。本研究调查了基尔库克不同地区奶牛软奶酪中蜡样芽孢杆菌的频率和分布模式。在 2020 年 2 月至 6 月期间,从基尔库克的不同地区收集了 50 份汇总的软奶酪样本,每月从不同的超市收集 10 份与上述比例相同的样本。采用改良的分离和鉴定程序、革兰氏染色法、氧化酶和催化酶反应帮助进行分离。改良刚果红测定法用于检测生物膜,柯比-鲍尔盘扩散法用于确定分离菌对氨苄西林(AM 10µg)、头孢菌素(CLX 30µg)、阿奇霉素(AZM 15µg)和万古霉素(VA 30µg)的敏感性。基尔库克的奶酪生产遇到了细菌污染和蜡样芽孢杆菌耐多药菌株的问题,这被认为是对公众健康的威胁,可能是由于抗生素治疗不足和滥用,也可能是由于牛奶生产过程中的质量差和/或卫生条件差。因此,建议对这些产品进行监测,以改善卫生状况。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative Histomorphological study of small intestine between Harrier (Circus cyaneus) and Partridge (Alectoris chukka) in Iraq 伊拉克鹞(Circus cyaneus)和鹧鸪(Alectoris chukka)小肠组织形态学比较研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.318
Ektifaa Khayoon, A. Reshag
The current study was designed on 24 birds (12 birds for each type)  In the anatomical part reported that the small intestine in both birds Harrier (Circus cyaneus) and Partridge (Alectoris chukka) consisted from 3 segments; duodenum, jejunum and ileum with no any demarcation between them. Both ratio of intestinal length to body length and of intestinal weight to body weight was higher in partridge than those in Harrier. In histological study showed in three parts of small intestine the wall was constituted of similar histological layers; these are mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa. There were same in structure of these tunics but differences in several Histomorphometric measurements of each tunica.  In all parts of small intestine of partridge the goblet cell more than those in Harrier and there were increasing in the number toward the end of intestine  of these cell in both birds for lubricant role. Histochemically of this study showed that in crypts and villi of all small intestinal parts of both birds the secretion of goblet cell is neutral mucin in nature because it showed negative reaction to Alcian blue stain and positive to PAS stain.                                                                                                                                                         
本研究以 24 只鸟类(每种鸟类 12 只)为对象。在解剖学部分,报告显示鹞(Circus cyaneus)和鹧鸪(Alectoris chukka)的小肠都由 3 段组成:十二指肠、空肠和回肠,它们之间没有任何分界。鹧鸪的肠长与体长之比以及肠重与体重之比均高于鹞。组织学研究表明,小肠壁的三个部分由相似的组织学层构成,即粘膜、粘膜下层、肌层和浆膜。这些组织层的结构相同,但每个组织层的组织形态测量结果不同。 在鹧鸪小肠的所有部位,鹅口疮细胞的数量都多于鹞子,而且在肠的末端,鹅口疮细胞的数量也在增加,以起到润滑作用。这项研究的组织化学结果显示,两只鸟所有小肠部位的隐窝和绒毛中,鹅口疮细胞的分泌物都是中性粘蛋白,因为它对阿尔新蓝染色呈阴性反应,而对 PAS 染色呈阳性反应。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of adding Fertilizer NPK-Chitosan is Growing and Productive (Zea mays L). 添加 NPK-壳聚糖肥料对玉米生长和产量的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.317
Basam Mazhar Kazem, Haifa Jassim Hussein, Abdullah Abbas Hussein
A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah's research station in Karama Ali during the 2022 agricultural season. The study aimed to investigate the impact of three types of fertilizers (commercial NPK as a control and two types of prepared NPK-Chitosan organic fertilizers) at four addition levels (0, 1, 1.5, and 2 ton.h-1) and two levels of organic matter (0% and 2.5%) on the nutrient availability in sandy loam soil. The experimental soil was prepared by plowing, levelling, and dividing it into 6 m² plots. Two levels of composted cattle manure (0 and 2.5 ton.h-1) were mixed with the soil, and fertilizers were prepared at four levels for each fertilizer. Seeds of yellow corn (Zea mays L.) variety "Sagunto" from Fito, a Spanish company registered with the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture, were sown with 5 seeds per hill and a spacing of 40 cm between hills. Crop management practices, including disease and pest control, irrigation, and weeding, were carried out until the end of the growing season. At the end of the growing season, soil samples were collected to determine the available nitrogen and potassium content. The results indicated that the addition of slow-release NPK-Chitosan fertilizers and organic matter significantly increased the availability of nutrients in the sandy loam soil. NPK-Chitosan fertilizer with a 1:3 wrapping ratio and NPK-Chitosan with a 1:3 mixing ratio showed superior performance compared to the control fertilizer (NPK) in increasing the concentration of essential plant elements. This enhancement in nutrient availability positively influenced the overall yield of yellow corn plants. In conclusion, I took samples, and the results showed that the addition of slow-release fertilizers NPK-Chitosan and organic fertilizers led to a significant increase in dry weight and total grain yield for the yellow corn crop. The NPK-Chitosan fertilizer, either in a 1:3 coating ratio or a 1:3 mixing ratio, outperformed the comparative NPK fertilizer in increasing the dry weight and grain yield for the yellow corn crop, which in turn reflected on the overall yield of the yellow corn plants. The results indicated a significant effect of fertilizer type on increasing the dry weight and grain yield of the yellow corn plants for the added fertilizer type. The NPK-Chitosan fertilizer in a 1:3 coating ratio achieved the highest values of dry weight and grain yield for the yellow corn plants, reaching 41.79, 6.15, and 47.07 kg.h-1, respectively, followed by the treatment of NPK-Chitosan fertilizer with a 1:3 mixing ratio and a fertilizer level of 2 tons/ha, which yielded The results showed a significant effect of fertilizer level on increasing the dry weight and grain yield of the yellow corn plants. The dry weight and grain yield increased with higher levels of added fertilizer. The level 2 achieved the highest values of dry weight for the vegetative part and grain yield for the yellow corn plants, reachin
2022 年农季期间,在卡拉马阿里的巴士拉大学农学院研究站进行了一项田间试验。研究旨在调查四种添加水平(0、1、1.5 和 2 吨/小时-1)的三种肥料(作为对照的商品氮磷钾和两种配制氮磷钾-壳聚糖有机肥)和两种水平的有机质(0% 和 2.5%)对沙壤土养分供应的影响。实验土壤通过犁耕、平整并分成 6 平方米的小块。在土壤中混合了两个等级的堆肥(0 吨和 2.5 吨/小时),并为每种肥料配制了四个等级的肥料。在伊拉克农业部注册的西班牙 Fito 公司生产的黄玉米(Zea mays L.)品种 "Sagunto "播种,每丘 5 粒种子,丘与丘之间的间距为 40 厘米。作物管理措施包括病虫害防治、灌溉和除草,一直持续到生长季结束。在生长季结束时,采集土壤样本以测定可用氮和钾的含量。结果表明,添加缓释 NPK-壳聚糖肥料和有机质后,沙壤土中的养分供应量明显增加。与对照肥料(氮磷钾)相比,以 1:3 的包裹比例施用的氮磷钾-壳聚糖肥料和以 1:3 的混合比例施用的氮磷钾-壳聚糖肥料在提高植物必需元素浓度方面表现优异。养分可用性的提高对黄玉米植株的总体产量产生了积极影响。总之,我进行了取样,结果表明,添加缓释肥 NPK-壳聚糖和有机肥后,黄玉米作物的干重和总产量显著增加。在提高黄玉米作物的干重和籽粒产量方面,NPK-壳聚糖肥料(1:3 的包衣比例或 1:3 的混合比例)的表现优于 NPK 肥料,这反过来又反映在黄玉米植株的总产量上。结果表明,在添加肥料的情况下,肥料类型对提高黄玉米植株的干重和籽粒产量有显著影响。混合比为 1:3 的 NPK-壳聚糖肥料对黄玉米植株的干重和籽粒产量的影响最大,分别达到 41.79、6.15 和 47.07 kg.h-1,其次是混合比为 1:3 的 NPK-壳聚糖肥料处理和 2 吨/公顷的肥料水平,其产量分别为 41.79、6.15 和 47.07 kg.h-1。 结果表明,肥料水平对提高黄玉米植株的干重和籽粒产量有显著影响。随着肥料添加量的增加,干重和籽粒产量也随之增加。施肥水平 2 的黄玉米植株无性部分干重和籽粒产量最高,分别达到 2 吨/公顷、35.72、3.63 和 40.38 公斤/小时,与施肥水平 1 和 1.5 吨/公顷相比差异显著,施肥水平 2 也优于施肥水平 0 吨/公顷(对照处理)。同样,有机质也有显著影响。结果表明,肥料类型和水平以及土壤中添加的有机质水平对黄玉米植株的干重和谷物产量有明显的交互作用。以每公顷 2 吨的水平添加 1:3 包膜比的氮磷钾-壳聚糖肥料优于其他处理,干重和谷物产量最高。
{"title":"The Effect of adding Fertilizer NPK-Chitosan is Growing and Productive (Zea mays L).","authors":"Basam Mazhar Kazem, Haifa Jassim Hussein, Abdullah Abbas Hussein","doi":"10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.317","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted at the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah's research station in Karama Ali during the 2022 agricultural season. The study aimed to investigate the impact of three types of fertilizers (commercial NPK as a control and two types of prepared NPK-Chitosan organic fertilizers) at four addition levels (0, 1, 1.5, and 2 ton.h-1) and two levels of organic matter (0% and 2.5%) on the nutrient availability in sandy loam soil. The experimental soil was prepared by plowing, levelling, and dividing it into 6 m² plots. Two levels of composted cattle manure (0 and 2.5 ton.h-1) were mixed with the soil, and fertilizers were prepared at four levels for each fertilizer. Seeds of yellow corn (Zea mays L.) variety \"Sagunto\" from Fito, a Spanish company registered with the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture, were sown with 5 seeds per hill and a spacing of 40 cm between hills. Crop management practices, including disease and pest control, irrigation, and weeding, were carried out until the end of the growing season. \u0000At the end of the growing season, soil samples were collected to determine the available nitrogen and potassium content. The results indicated that the addition of slow-release NPK-Chitosan fertilizers and organic matter significantly increased the availability of nutrients in the sandy loam soil. NPK-Chitosan fertilizer with a 1:3 wrapping ratio and NPK-Chitosan with a 1:3 mixing ratio showed superior performance compared to the control fertilizer (NPK) in increasing the concentration of essential plant elements. This enhancement in nutrient availability positively influenced the overall yield of yellow corn plants. \u0000In conclusion, I took samples, and the results showed that the addition of slow-release fertilizers NPK-Chitosan and organic fertilizers led to a significant increase in dry weight and total grain yield for the yellow corn crop. The NPK-Chitosan fertilizer, either in a 1:3 coating ratio or a 1:3 mixing ratio, outperformed the comparative NPK fertilizer in increasing the dry weight and grain yield for the yellow corn crop, which in turn reflected on the overall yield of the yellow corn plants. \u0000The results indicated a significant effect of fertilizer type on increasing the dry weight and grain yield of the yellow corn plants for the added fertilizer type. The NPK-Chitosan fertilizer in a 1:3 coating ratio achieved the highest values of dry weight and grain yield for the yellow corn plants, reaching 41.79, 6.15, and 47.07 kg.h-1, respectively, followed by the treatment of NPK-Chitosan fertilizer with a 1:3 mixing ratio and a fertilizer level of 2 tons/ha, which yielded The results showed a significant effect of fertilizer level on increasing the dry weight and grain yield of the yellow corn plants. The dry weight and grain yield increased with higher levels of added fertilizer. The level 2 achieved the highest values of dry weight for the vegetative part and grain yield for the yellow corn plants, reachin","PeriodicalId":101768,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research","volume":"3 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141230703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Integrated control of head blight in wheat caused by the Fusarium graminearum in the Laboratory 在实验室综合防治禾谷镰刀菌引起的小麦头枯病
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.322
Sabah S. J. Al-Dairi, Dhia S. Al-Waily
          The results showed that the most common isolates of the Fusarium spp. in these samples is F.graminearum. It is one of the main pathogen that caused wheat head blight. The results of the experiment showed the effect of different variations and their interactions in Pots contaminated with the pathogen in the wheat variety Ibaa 99, where The highest yield was recorded in the Trichoderma viride, Penicillium commune,  Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-DS  and fungicide( PcTvPfB) , which reached 70 g, compared to the pathogen treatment , which reached  to 6.00 g. The same treatments were also completely successful, completing 5.00 tiller/plant compared to the control treatment specified for the pathogenic fungus, which amounted to 0.67 tiller /plant. The lowest severity of infection appeared in treatment ( PcTvPfB)  when recorded at 30.67% with compared to the pathogen treatment  of 95%, followed by the treatments PcTvB, PcPfB, and TvPfB, where 48.66, 52.33, and 53.00 g . respectively, and the number of tiller/plant was 3.67, 4, and 4.33 tiller/plant, and the infection severity reached to  37.00, 42.67 and 43.33% respectively.
结果表明,这些样本中最常见的镰刀菌属分离物是禾谷镰刀菌。它是导致小麦头枯病的主要病原体之一。实验结果表明了不同变化及其相互作用对受病原体污染的小麦品种 Ibaa 99 的影响,其中病毒毛霉、共生青霉、荧光假单胞菌 Pf-DS 和杀真菌剂(PcTvPfB)处理的产量最高,达到 70 克,而病原体处理的产量仅为 6.00 克。同样的处理也完全成功,每株完成了 5.00 个分蘖,而病原真菌的对照处理每株只有 0.67 个分蘖。PcTvPfB 处理的感染率最低,为 30.67%,而病原处理的感染率为 95%;其次是 PcTvB、PcPfB 和 TvPfB 处理,感染率分别为 48.66、52.33 和 53.00 克,分蘖数分别为 3.67、4 和 4.33 个,感染率分别为 37.00、42.67 和 43.33%。
{"title":"Integrated control of head blight in wheat caused by the Fusarium graminearum in the Laboratory","authors":"Sabah S. J. Al-Dairi, Dhia S. Al-Waily","doi":"10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.322","url":null,"abstract":"          The results showed that the most common isolates of the Fusarium spp. in these samples is F.graminearum. It is one of the main pathogen that caused wheat head blight. The results of the experiment showed the effect of different variations and their interactions in Pots contaminated with the pathogen in the wheat variety Ibaa 99, where The highest yield was recorded in the Trichoderma viride, Penicillium commune,  Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-DS  and fungicide( PcTvPfB) , which reached 70 g, compared to the pathogen treatment , which reached  to 6.00 g. The same treatments were also completely successful, completing 5.00 tiller/plant compared to the control treatment specified for the pathogenic fungus, which amounted to 0.67 tiller /plant. The lowest severity of infection appeared in treatment ( PcTvPfB)  when recorded at 30.67% with compared to the pathogen treatment  of 95%, followed by the treatments PcTvB, PcPfB, and TvPfB, where 48.66, 52.33, and 53.00 g . respectively, and the number of tiller/plant was 3.67, 4, and 4.33 tiller/plant, and the infection severity reached to  37.00, 42.67 and 43.33% respectively.","PeriodicalId":101768,"journal":{"name":"University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research","volume":"133 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141281685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Preparing educational tissue slides for students of the Department of Medical Laboratory Technology in southern technical collage 为南方技术学院医学检验技术系的学生制作教学用组织切片
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/9gtdk054
Fatima Ayad
The purpose of this research is to learn how to make a microscopic slide of animal or plant tissue and prepare it for examination by means of a compound microscope. There is no doubt that those concerned with this are students of medical sectors at all stages and those concerned with matters of histology, embryology, anatomy, cell science, animal and plant sciences, and this research was done in the pathological analysis department in The Medical Technical Institute in Basra specifically. 
这项研究的目的是学习如何制作动物或植物组织的显微载玻片,并准备用复合显微镜进行检查。毫无疑问,这项研究的相关人员是各阶段医学专业的学生以及与组织学、胚胎学、解剖学、细胞学、动物和植物科学相关的人员。
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引用次数: 0
Study thyroid gland hormones in female with polycystic ovary syndrome: A Review 研究多囊卵巢综合征女性患者的甲状腺激素:综述
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.298
Iman Jaber Hasan Hasan
  One metabolic syndrome is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) marked by polycystic ovary the hyperandrogenism, and anovulation. PCOS affects 6–10% of women in their reproductive years. It is a common condition. When no other cause can be identified, polycystic ovaries, hyperandrogenism, and/or irregular ovulation are the hallmarks of polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Since frank (overt) hypothyroidism is linked to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, weight gain, anovulatory cycles, decreased levels of SHBG, and infertility, it shares several characteristics with the PCOS phenotype. Thyroid disorder screening is part of the recommended baseline screening for women who may be suspected of having PCOS, irregular menses, or infertility.Insulin resistance plays a role in PCOS pathogenesis.
多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)是一种代谢综合征,以多囊卵巢、高雄激素和无排卵为特征。多囊卵巢综合征影响 6-10%的育龄妇女。这是一种常见病。如果找不到其他原因,多囊卵巢、雄激素过高和/或不规则排卵就是多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)的特征。坦率(明显)的甲状腺功能减退症与胰岛素抵抗、血脂异常、体重增加、无排卵周期、SHBG水平降低和不孕症有关,因此它与多囊卵巢综合征的表型具有一些共同特征。甲状腺疾病筛查是建议对疑似患有多囊卵巢综合症、月经不调或不孕症的妇女进行的基线筛查的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
EFFECT OF BAP ALONG WITH 2.4, D ON THE INDUCTION OF SHOOTS FORMATION ON POTATO CULTIVAR ARIZONA IN VITRO BAP 和 2.4,D 对诱导离体马铃薯栽培品种亚利桑那芽形成的影响
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.321
Hadi Hoobi
This research delves into the intricate interplay between two key growth regulators, BAP (6-benzylaminopurine) and 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), investigating their collective influence on shoot induction in the in vitro cultivation of the esteemed potato cultivar Arizona. The study is meticulously designed to unravel the nuanced impact of these regulators on shoot initiation within a controlled laboratory setting. Potato micropropagation stands as an essential facet of agricultural advancement, and the stimulation of efficient shoot formation serves as a pivotal step in this process. The unique growth characteristics of Cultivar Arizona provide an ideal platform for evaluating the synergistic effects of BAP and 2,4-D on the initiation and proliferation of shoots. By meticulously observing and quantifying the response of potato explants to varying concentrations and combinations of BAP and 2,4-D, this study aims to discern optimal conditions conducive to enhanced shoot development. Through detailed analysis and observation, the research seeks to contribute valuable insights into refining in vitro cultivation methodologies for potato propagation, aiming at elevating efficiency and yield
这项研究深入探讨了两种关键生长调节剂BAP(6-苄基氨基嘌呤)和2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸(2,4-D)之间错综复杂的相互作用,调查了它们在受人尊敬的马铃薯栽培品种亚利桑那的离体栽培中对芽诱导的共同影响。这项研究经过精心设计,目的是在受控实验室环境中揭示这些调节因子对新芽萌发的细微影响。马铃薯微繁殖是农业发展的一个重要方面,而刺激有效的芽形成是这一过程中的关键步骤。亚利桑那栽培品种独特的生长特性为评估 BAP 和 2,4-D 对芽的萌发和增殖的协同效应提供了一个理想的平台。通过仔细观察和量化马铃薯外植体对不同浓度和组合的 BAP 和 2,4-D 的反应,本研究旨在找出有利于促进芽发育的最佳条件。通过详细分析和观察,该研究旨在为改进马铃薯离体培养繁殖方法提供有价值的见解,从而提高效率和产量。
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引用次数: 0
biology A Study of Phenotypic Characteristics of Eggplant Grown via the Sandponic Technique 生物学 通过沙培技术种植茄子的表型特征研究
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/utjagr.v13i1.307
Abbas Al Tamimi
AbstractSandponic is a developed technology working for the prosperity of food security. It means growing plants and fish together in a recycling environmental system which uses natural bacterial cycles to use fish waste as plant nutrition. Eggplant is regarded as the most important Solanaceae crops because their nutritional benefits. This plant is a major crop in both temperate and tropical regions in this world. Eggplant – French Flomorin varity- was planted in sandponic boards and natural ground. Five plants were selected randomly from each experimental unit in the green-growth phase and the indicators of the green-growth were recorded. The results showed that there are significant differences in the height of the plant regarding the water quality, temporal period and the interaction between them. The quality of water without fish recorded the highest mean of plant height, whereas the period 140 days after growing recorded the highest mean of the plant length in comparison with the period 70 days from the growing time. In addition, the study results indicated significant differences in the number of the plant leaves for each the water quality, temporal period and the interaction between them. That is, the number of leaves in plants irrigated with water without fish was the highest in comparison with the number of leaves of the plants irrigated with fish water. Concerning the temporal period, the period of 140 days from the growing recorded the highest mean of leaves number in comparison with the period of 70 days since the time of growing. Regarding flowers number, the results showed significant differences in the mean of water quality and no significant differences in the temporal period and the interaction between them. The results recorded the highest number of flowers after 70 days from growing in comparison with their number after 140 days from growing. Also, it appeared that the highest number of flowers in plants irrigated with water without fish compared with those irrigated with water having fish. The results showed that there were significant differences between water quality, temporal period and interaction between them concerning the plant height and leaves number. Regarding to the number of flowers, the study results indicated that there significant differences of water quality only, whereas -in regard to temporal period and interaction between them, no significant differences were shown by the results.
AbstractSandponic 是一项为促进粮食安全而开发的技术。它是指在一个循环环境系统中将植物和鱼类一起种植,利用自然细菌循环将鱼类排泄物作为植物营养。茄子因其营养价值而被视为最重要的茄科作物。这种植物是世界温带和热带地区的主要作物。茄子--法国弗洛莫林变种--被种植在沙盘和自然地面上。每个实验单元随机选取五株处于绿色生长期的植株,记录绿色生长指标。结果表明,水质、时间段以及它们之间的相互作用对植株高度有显著影响。无鱼水质的植株高度平均值最高,而生长后 140 天的植株长度平均值与生长后 70 天的植株长度平均值相比最高。此外,研究结果表明,水质、时间段以及它们之间的相互作用在植物叶片数量上都存在显著差异。也就是说,与用鱼水灌溉的植物叶片数量相比,用无鱼水灌溉的植物叶片数量最多。在时间段方面,生长 140 天与生长 70 天相比,叶片数平均值最高。在花朵数量方面,结果显示水质的平均值有显著差异,而时间段和它们之间的交互作用没有显著差异。结果表明,与生长 140 天后的花朵数量相比,生长 70 天后的花朵数量最多。此外,与用有鱼的水灌溉的植物相比,用无鱼水灌溉的植物花朵数最多。结果表明,在株高和叶片数方面,水质、时间段以及它们之间的交互作用存在显著差异。在花朵数量方面,研究结果表明,只有水质存在显著差异,而在时间段和它们之间的交互作用方面,结果显示没有显著差异。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Humic Substances on Alleviation of Soil Salinity and the Enhancement of Plant Productivity: a review 腐殖质对缓解土壤盐碱化和提高植物生产力的影响:综述
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.54174/szm42027
Elham Khalifa Mahmood, Abdullah M.S. Addaheri, Basim Abed
Humic substances (HS) are a major component of organic matter in soil, and they have long been recognized for their ability to promote plant growth in a sustainable manner. Recently, there has been a lot of effort put into using multiple approaches to study the connection between the chemical structure of HS compounds and their effect on plant biological processes. Positive physiological responses at the local and systemic levels have been linked to the presence of specific functional groups in HS. Hormone-like signaling pathways are responsible for eliciting these reactions. This review was written with one goal in mind: to help readers gain a firm grasp on the research surrounding the application of HSs. The spatial arrangement of hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions, as well as the dosage, source, molecular size, degree of hydrophobicity, and aromaticity, all contribute significantly to HS's biological efficacy. Therefore, our hypothesis explains the beneficial effect of HS in salt-affected rhizospheres, likely attributed to both direct and indirect influences on plant metabolism, soil microorganism metabolism, soil nutrient uptake dynamics, and soil physical conditions. Keywords: Humic substance, germination, salinity, plant growth
腐殖质(HS)是土壤中有机物的主要成分,其促进植物可持续生长的能力早已得到公认。最近,人们正努力采用多种方法来研究腐殖质化合物的化学结构与其对植物生物过程的影响之间的联系。在局部和系统水平上的积极生理反应与 HS 中存在的特定功能基团有关。 激起这些反应的是类似激素的信号途径。撰写这篇综述的目的只有一个:帮助读者牢固掌握有关 HS 应用的研究。亲水区和疏水区的空间排列,以及剂量、来源、分子大小、疏水程度和芳香度,都对 HS 的生物功效起着重要作用。因此,我们的假设解释了 HS 在受盐影响的根瘤中的有益作用,这可能归因于对植物代谢、土壤微生物代谢、土壤养分吸收动态和土壤物理条件的直接和间接影响。关键词腐殖质 发芽 盐碱地 植物生长
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引用次数: 0
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University of Thi-Qar Journal of agricultural research
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