The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has been mainly applied in the second- and third-line treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it is rarely used as a neoadjuvant therapy. This article aims to summarize and analyze a relevant case so as to provide some clinical experience for targeted neoadjuvant treatment modalities. A patient with NSCLC received the TKI gefitinib for preoperative neoadjuvant targeted therapy. A 76-year-old female who was given gefitinib for the neoadjuvant treatment was analyzed. The patients' general condition and also gender, age, smoking history, and efficacy of the targeted therapy and associated surgical experience were recorded. After the neoadjuvant treatment, the tumor shrinkage was obvious. At surgery, the surface vascular expansion on the tumor was observed. There was no increase in postoperative complications. The surgical pathology was adenocarcinoma of the lung associated with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Neoadjuvant targeted therapy could be a useful clinical treatment in NSCLC.
{"title":"Preoperative neoadjuvant gefitinib used in the treatment of a nonsmall cell lung cancer patient","authors":"W. Zheng, W. Mao","doi":"10.4103/TS.TS_33_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TS.TS_33_16","url":null,"abstract":"The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) has been mainly applied in the second- and third-line treatment of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but it is rarely used as a neoadjuvant therapy. This article aims to summarize and analyze a relevant case so as to provide some clinical experience for targeted neoadjuvant treatment modalities. A patient with NSCLC received the TKI gefitinib for preoperative neoadjuvant targeted therapy. A 76-year-old female who was given gefitinib for the neoadjuvant treatment was analyzed. The patients' general condition and also gender, age, smoking history, and efficacy of the targeted therapy and associated surgical experience were recorded. After the neoadjuvant treatment, the tumor shrinkage was obvious. At surgery, the surface vascular expansion on the tumor was observed. There was no increase in postoperative complications. The surgical pathology was adenocarcinoma of the lung associated with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma. Neoadjuvant targeted therapy could be a useful clinical treatment in NSCLC.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115512729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign esophageal tumor. When dealing with a giant esophageal tumor, tumor resection, and esophagogastric anastomosis are normally adopted by clinicians. However, postoperatively, patients always experience a poor quality of life because of the destruction of the normal anatomy. We present a case of resection of an esophageal leiomyoma with the integrity of esophagus maintained.
{"title":"A case of surgical enucleation of a giant esophageal leiomyoma","authors":"Shaohua Zhou, Shanshan Li, Nan-nan Guo, Wen Zhang","doi":"10.4103/TS.TS_28_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TS.TS_28_16","url":null,"abstract":"Esophageal leiomyoma is the most common benign esophageal tumor. When dealing with a giant esophageal tumor, tumor resection, and esophagogastric anastomosis are normally adopted by clinicians. However, postoperatively, patients always experience a poor quality of life because of the destruction of the normal anatomy. We present a case of resection of an esophageal leiomyoma with the integrity of esophagus maintained.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123195812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Zhang, Xing Zhou, Xiao‐zhou Liu, Chengjun Li, Sujia Wu
Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a type of bone and soft tissue tumor that is highly invasive and primarily occurs in children and adolescents. In recent years, with the combination chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, prognosis, and quality of life have significantly improved. The overall survival (OS) rate is 65%–75%. However, metastasis and recurrence after surgical resection are still the main determinants of mortality. The OS rate in these patients is <30%. Exploring the pathogenesis of ES and looking for effective targeted therapies are the primary focus of many research teams. A global effort to improve the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy while reducing the toxic side effects, has led to further advances. We summarize the current multidisciplinary treatment advances in ES, with an emphasis on molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy.
{"title":"Advances in multi-therapies for the treatment of Ewing's sarcoma","authors":"Lei Zhang, Xing Zhou, Xiao‐zhou Liu, Chengjun Li, Sujia Wu","doi":"10.4103/TS.TS_32_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TS.TS_32_16","url":null,"abstract":"Ewing's sarcoma (ES) is a type of bone and soft tissue tumor that is highly invasive and primarily occurs in children and adolescents. In recent years, with the combination chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, prognosis, and quality of life have significantly improved. The overall survival (OS) rate is 65%–75%. However, metastasis and recurrence after surgical resection are still the main determinants of mortality. The OS rate in these patients is <30%. Exploring the pathogenesis of ES and looking for effective targeted therapies are the primary focus of many research teams. A global effort to improve the clinical efficacy of chemotherapy while reducing the toxic side effects, has led to further advances. We summarize the current multidisciplinary treatment advances in ES, with an emphasis on molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123822756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: This study aims to investigate the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal and pulmonary diseases. Methods: The clinical data of 52 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at Jinling Hospital from July 2014 to February 2015 with documented EBUS-TBNA was obtained. Results: Positive results of EBUS-TBNA biopsy were statistically compared to the final diagnosis. A total of 82 specimens from 52 patients were obtained through EBUS-TBNA biopsy. Out of 52, 45 patients had concurrent surgical pathology, including 33 malignant lesions and 12 benign lesions. There were 7 patients with false-negative results, including 1 case of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma, 4 cases of lung cancer, and 2 cases of tuberculosis. The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA in this study was 85.2%, accuracy of 85.4%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 7.7%. There were no serious complications. Conclusion: EBUS-TBNA is a safe and minimally invasive method for the diagnosis of mediastinal and pulmonary diseases. It may also have utility as a therapeutic option during the diagnostic process of some diseases.
{"title":"Application value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in the diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal and pulmonary diseases","authors":"Wenkui Sun, Q. Qian, Xinwu Xiao, Yong Song","doi":"10.4103/TS.TS_34_16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/TS.TS_34_16","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aims to investigate the value of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in the diagnosis and treatment of mediastinal and pulmonary diseases. Methods: The clinical data of 52 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine at Jinling Hospital from July 2014 to February 2015 with documented EBUS-TBNA was obtained. Results: Positive results of EBUS-TBNA biopsy were statistically compared to the final diagnosis. A total of 82 specimens from 52 patients were obtained through EBUS-TBNA biopsy. Out of 52, 45 patients had concurrent surgical pathology, including 33 malignant lesions and 12 benign lesions. There were 7 patients with false-negative results, including 1 case of pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma, 4 cases of lung cancer, and 2 cases of tuberculosis. The sensitivity of EBUS-TBNA in this study was 85.2%, accuracy of 85.4%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 7.7%. There were no serious complications. Conclusion: EBUS-TBNA is a safe and minimally invasive method for the diagnosis of mediastinal and pulmonary diseases. It may also have utility as a therapeutic option during the diagnostic process of some diseases.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130003548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-5585.200513
Nanjiang Liu, Sen-lin Zhang, Wei Chen
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a common type of salivary gland cancer, characterized by slow growth but high incidence of distant metastasis. Distant metastasis occurs in 25%–50% of ACC patients and more commonly in lungs. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the aggressive growth of ACC remains obscure. Human tumor cell lines are extremely useful in studying cancer biology, under both in vitro and in vivo condition. Unfortunately, the tumor cell lines are susceptible to cross-contamination, by other cell lines, during routine culture. Recent studies have proved that most of the ACC cell lines, established for preclinical research, are either cross-contaminated or nonhuman cells. Here, we review the literature assessing the identity of ACC cell lines, dated up to September 1, 2016, using PubMed, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases with the following keywords: “adenoid cystic carcinoma,” “cell line,” and “characterization” or “contamination.” According to the results, only salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC)-83/SACC-lung metastasis, the HPV-transformed ACC-112 and the two newly established moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma-ACC-01 and LACC-1 cell lines are authentic ACC cell lines. These results suggest that, in the future, it is crucial to authenticate the ACC cell lines before research.
{"title":"The cross-contaminated cell lines of adenoid cystic carcinoma: A crucial concern","authors":"Nanjiang Liu, Sen-lin Zhang, Wei Chen","doi":"10.4103/2468-5585.200513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-5585.200513","url":null,"abstract":"Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a common type of salivary gland cancer, characterized by slow growth but high incidence of distant metastasis. Distant metastasis occurs in 25%–50% of ACC patients and more commonly in lungs. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the aggressive growth of ACC remains obscure. Human tumor cell lines are extremely useful in studying cancer biology, under both in vitro and in vivo condition. Unfortunately, the tumor cell lines are susceptible to cross-contamination, by other cell lines, during routine culture. Recent studies have proved that most of the ACC cell lines, established for preclinical research, are either cross-contaminated or nonhuman cells. Here, we review the literature assessing the identity of ACC cell lines, dated up to September 1, 2016, using PubMed, EMBASE, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases with the following keywords: “adenoid cystic carcinoma,” “cell line,” and “characterization” or “contamination.” According to the results, only salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC)-83/SACC-lung metastasis, the HPV-transformed ACC-112 and the two newly established moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma-ACC-01 and LACC-1 cell lines are authentic ACC cell lines. These results suggest that, in the future, it is crucial to authenticate the ACC cell lines before research.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125193816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-5585.197498
Z. Ahsan, A. Salman, T. Todd
We reported a case of triple-negative breast cancer who presented to our medical center with a mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. The age of the patient at the time of presentation was 74 years and 8 months. Breast ultrasound revealed a 3.3 cm × 2.7 cm lobulated hypoechoic fibroglandular mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. Core biopsy showed triple-negative (estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu negative) invasive ductal cell cancer of the left breast infiltrating into the skin but no fixation to the chest wall. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduced the size of the mass to 2.1 cm × 1.2 cm. Partial mastectomy was then performed along with partial axillary dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy. No recurrence of tumor or any recent breast mass was noted at 1-year follow-up on both mammography and ultrasonography, indicating successful management of triple-negative breast tumor. We conclude that triple-negative breast tumors should be managed with neoadjuvant chemotherapy such as taxanes and cisplatins followed by adjuvant radiotherapy.
我们报告了一个三阴性乳腺癌的病例谁提出了在我们的医疗中心在左乳房的上外象限肿块。患者就诊时年龄为74岁零8个月。乳腺超声示左乳上外象限一3.3 cm × 2.7 cm分叶状低回声纤维腺肿块。左乳浸润性导管细胞癌三阴性(雌激素受体/孕激素受体/人表皮生长因子受体2/新阴性)，浸润皮肤，未固定胸壁。新辅助化疗使肿瘤体积减小至2.1 cm × 1.2 cm。然后行部分乳房切除术，部分腋窝清扫和辅助放疗。在1年的随访中，乳房x光检查和超声检查均未发现肿瘤复发或近期肿块，表明乳腺三阴性肿瘤治疗成功。我们的结论是，三阴性乳腺肿瘤应采用新辅助化疗，如紫杉烷和顺铂，然后进行辅助放疗。
{"title":"Management of triple-negative invasive ductal cell carcinoma","authors":"Z. Ahsan, A. Salman, T. Todd","doi":"10.4103/2468-5585.197498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-5585.197498","url":null,"abstract":"We reported a case of triple-negative breast cancer who presented to our medical center with a mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. The age of the patient at the time of presentation was 74 years and 8 months. Breast ultrasound revealed a 3.3 cm × 2.7 cm lobulated hypoechoic fibroglandular mass in the upper outer quadrant of the left breast. Core biopsy showed triple-negative (estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2/neu negative) invasive ductal cell cancer of the left breast infiltrating into the skin but no fixation to the chest wall. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy reduced the size of the mass to 2.1 cm × 1.2 cm. Partial mastectomy was then performed along with partial axillary dissection and adjuvant radiotherapy. No recurrence of tumor or any recent breast mass was noted at 1-year follow-up on both mammography and ultrasonography, indicating successful management of triple-negative breast tumor. We conclude that triple-negative breast tumors should be managed with neoadjuvant chemotherapy such as taxanes and cisplatins followed by adjuvant radiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"343 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134010768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-5585.197496
Kana Wang, Qiyuan Xu
With the aging of the population, ischemic heart disease including myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and consequent heart failure became a leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite substantial advances in risk factor prevention, medicaments, and revascularization. Cell therapy is currently being investigated as a potential low-cost and low-risk alternative. Favorable results from preclinical studies have brought cardiac cell therapy into clinical trials. It has been demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is promising for tissue engineering and therapeutic applications due to their pluripotent differentiation and relative ease of obtain. This review focused on the utilization of MSC in cardiac repair and current status in clinical application.
{"title":"Mesenchymal stem cells for heart repair","authors":"Kana Wang, Qiyuan Xu","doi":"10.4103/2468-5585.197496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-5585.197496","url":null,"abstract":"With the aging of the population, ischemic heart disease including myocardial infarction, ischemic cardiomyopathy, and consequent heart failure became a leading cause of morbidity and mortality despite substantial advances in risk factor prevention, medicaments, and revascularization. Cell therapy is currently being investigated as a potential low-cost and low-risk alternative. Favorable results from preclinical studies have brought cardiac cell therapy into clinical trials. It has been demonstrated that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-based therapy is promising for tissue engineering and therapeutic applications due to their pluripotent differentiation and relative ease of obtain. This review focused on the utilization of MSC in cardiac repair and current status in clinical application.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116829708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-5585.197497
Paulo Eduardo Reis, L. Roever, M. Nascimento, P. Sandri
Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS), a disease caused by obstruction of the venous blood influx, because of benign etiology, from the upper body into the right atrium, is becoming more frequent, with growing use of central catheters. The present study is a case report of such acute SVCS managed successfully with an endovascular approach. A 53-year-old male patient, who had received a central venous catheter into the right jugular vein for chemotherapy, revealed an extensive thrombus formation in the veins and was diagnosed of grade 2 SVCS. He was subjected to local thrombolysis therapy followed by mechanical thrombectomy with adjunctive catheter-guided aspiration and a stent being placed through balloon angioplasty. The patient revealed a complete relief of symptoms, excellent signs of clinical improvement, and no signs of recurrence till date, 6 months posttherapy. This case supports the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy and angioplasty to treat SVCS.
{"title":"Thrombectomy and angioplasty as treatment for acute superior vena cava syndrome","authors":"Paulo Eduardo Reis, L. Roever, M. Nascimento, P. Sandri","doi":"10.4103/2468-5585.197497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-5585.197497","url":null,"abstract":"Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS), a disease caused by obstruction of the venous blood influx, because of benign etiology, from the upper body into the right atrium, is becoming more frequent, with growing use of central catheters. The present study is a case report of such acute SVCS managed successfully with an endovascular approach. A 53-year-old male patient, who had received a central venous catheter into the right jugular vein for chemotherapy, revealed an extensive thrombus formation in the veins and was diagnosed of grade 2 SVCS. He was subjected to local thrombolysis therapy followed by mechanical thrombectomy with adjunctive catheter-guided aspiration and a stent being placed through balloon angioplasty. The patient revealed a complete relief of symptoms, excellent signs of clinical improvement, and no signs of recurrence till date, 6 months posttherapy. This case supports the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of endovascular thrombectomy and angioplasty to treat SVCS.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127243915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-5585.197491
N. Iqbal, Salman Assad, A. Hasan, M. Shabbir, Taimur Hijazi, Saeed Akhter
Aim: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatment of renal stones, between preschool and schoolgoing children. Methods: From January 2007 to March 2015, a total of 103 ESWL-treated children were considered for the study. Stone clearance rate, number of retreatment required, complication rate, and ancillary procedures used were evaluated. Results: Of the 103 patients with age limits of 2-14 years, 36 were <5 years (preschool group) and 67 were ≥5 years (schoolgoing group) of age. The mean age and mean stone size in preschool group was 3.26 ± 1.29 years and 0.97 ± 0.25 cm, respectively, whereas in schoolgoing group, it was 10.31 ± 3.01 years and 14 ± 0.68 cm, respectively. The stone-free rate in preschool and schoolgoing group was 34/36 (94.4%) and 57/67 (85%), respectively, with no statistical difference between the two (P = 0.2076). Post-ESWL complications, including hematuria, mild fever, flank pain, steinstrasse requiring ureteroscopy, and sepsis were seen in both preschool and schoolgoing groups, at varying rates that failed to reach statistical significance among the two (P > 0.05). Mean number of shock waves required for stone clearance was significantly less in preschool group (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: ESWL is equally effective for managing nephrolithiasis in both <5-year or ≥5-year aged children.
{"title":"Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy in the treatment of pediatric nephrolithiasis: Comparison of the outcome between preschool and schoolgoing children: A single-center study","authors":"N. Iqbal, Salman Assad, A. Hasan, M. Shabbir, Taimur Hijazi, Saeed Akhter","doi":"10.4103/2468-5585.197491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-5585.197491","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the effectiveness of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) in the treatment of renal stones, between preschool and schoolgoing children. Methods: From January 2007 to March 2015, a total of 103 ESWL-treated children were considered for the study. Stone clearance rate, number of retreatment required, complication rate, and ancillary procedures used were evaluated. Results: Of the 103 patients with age limits of 2-14 years, 36 were <5 years (preschool group) and 67 were ≥5 years (schoolgoing group) of age. The mean age and mean stone size in preschool group was 3.26 ± 1.29 years and 0.97 ± 0.25 cm, respectively, whereas in schoolgoing group, it was 10.31 ± 3.01 years and 14 ± 0.68 cm, respectively. The stone-free rate in preschool and schoolgoing group was 34/36 (94.4%) and 57/67 (85%), respectively, with no statistical difference between the two (P = 0.2076). Post-ESWL complications, including hematuria, mild fever, flank pain, steinstrasse requiring ureteroscopy, and sepsis were seen in both preschool and schoolgoing groups, at varying rates that failed to reach statistical significance among the two (P > 0.05). Mean number of shock waves required for stone clearance was significantly less in preschool group (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: ESWL is equally effective for managing nephrolithiasis in both <5-year or ≥5-year aged children.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129192826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-10-01DOI: 10.4103/2468-5585.197495
M. Bekheit, P. Bucur, E. Vibert, C. Andres
Aim: Pigs are extensively used as experimental models to study the human physiology and pathophysiological conditions. Knowledge of the normal values of the commonly used parameters is indispensable to the correct interpretation of the test results. This study reports on the normal hemogram, blood gas, major electrolytes, kidney and liver profiles, hepatic oxygen consumption, and net lactate production in a large white pig model. Methods: Twenty-five female large white pigs were included in this study. Blood gas samples were collected from the portal and hepatic veins as well as the carotid artery. Results: The mean hemoglobin level was 97.7 ± 15.8 g/L. white blood cells were 13.5 ± 3.3 10 [3] /mm [3] , and platelet count was 279 ± 104.6 10 [3] /mm [3] . The mean aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin were 83.8 ± 73.9 IU/L, 43.7 ± 5.9 IU/L, 33.6 ± 8.6 IU/L, 296.5 ± 39.7 IU/L, 5.6 ± 3.2 mmol/L, and 1.6 ± 0.73 mmol/L. The mean albumin level was 29 ± 3.9 g/L. The mean ammonia and arterial lactate levels were 49.1 ± 45.67 mmol/L and 1.5 ± 0.46 mmol/L. Kidney profile parameters were comparable to human values. Hepatic oxygen consumption was 17.3 ± 9.7 mL/100 g liver tissue/min and net hepatic lactate production was 0.017 ± 0.03 mmol/L. Conclusion: Knowledge of the normal parameters is mandatory for accurate interpretation of the experimental results that involves large white animals.
{"title":"The reference values for hepatic oxygen consumption and net lactate production, blood gasses, hemogram, major electrolytes, and kidney and liver profiles in anesthetized large white swine model","authors":"M. Bekheit, P. Bucur, E. Vibert, C. Andres","doi":"10.4103/2468-5585.197495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/2468-5585.197495","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Pigs are extensively used as experimental models to study the human physiology and pathophysiological conditions. Knowledge of the normal values of the commonly used parameters is indispensable to the correct interpretation of the test results. This study reports on the normal hemogram, blood gas, major electrolytes, kidney and liver profiles, hepatic oxygen consumption, and net lactate production in a large white pig model. Methods: Twenty-five female large white pigs were included in this study. Blood gas samples were collected from the portal and hepatic veins as well as the carotid artery. Results: The mean hemoglobin level was 97.7 ± 15.8 g/L. white blood cells were 13.5 ± 3.3 10 [3] /mm [3] , and platelet count was 279 ± 104.6 10 [3] /mm [3] . The mean aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and direct bilirubin were 83.8 ± 73.9 IU/L, 43.7 ± 5.9 IU/L, 33.6 ± 8.6 IU/L, 296.5 ± 39.7 IU/L, 5.6 ± 3.2 mmol/L, and 1.6 ± 0.73 mmol/L. The mean albumin level was 29 ± 3.9 g/L. The mean ammonia and arterial lactate levels were 49.1 ± 45.67 mmol/L and 1.5 ± 0.46 mmol/L. Kidney profile parameters were comparable to human values. Hepatic oxygen consumption was 17.3 ± 9.7 mL/100 g liver tissue/min and net hepatic lactate production was 0.017 ± 0.03 mmol/L. Conclusion: Knowledge of the normal parameters is mandatory for accurate interpretation of the experimental results that involves large white animals.","PeriodicalId":102077,"journal":{"name":"Translational Surgery","volume":"26 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116592940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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