Clinical and Experimental Allergy最新文献

Background: Adverse food reactions include food allergy (FA; immune-mediated) and food intolerances (non-immune-mediated). FA are classified into IgE- and non-IgE-mediated FA. There is limited information available about changes in FA prevalence over time.

Methods: Two cohorts of children were evaluated, born on the Isle of Wight (IOW) 12 years apart, the IOW birth cohort (IOWBC; 1989-1990) and the FA and Intolerance Research birth cohort (FAIRBC; 2001-2002). We compared the prevalence of parental reported reactions to foods (adverse food reactions), allergic sensitisation to foods and FA between the IOWBC and FAIRBC, at ages 1, 2, 3-4 and 10 years. FA included both IgE- and non-IgE-mediated FA.

Results: Reported adverse reactions to food and sensitisation rates remained stable between the two cohorts. For example, FA at age 3-4 years was reported in 9.1% (95% CI: 7.5, 10.7) in IOWBC and 8.3% (95% CI: 6.5, 10.1) in FAIRBC (p = 0.57) and food sensitisation by skin prick test at age 3-4 years was found in 3.2% (95% CI: 2.1, 4.3) in IOWBC and 4.5% (95% CI: 2.9, 6.1) in FAIRBC (p = 0.20). Confirmed FA prevalence was lower in FAIRBC than IOWBC at ages 1, 2 and 3-4, but these differences were not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons. For example, FA at age 3-4 years was confirmed in 5.0% (95% CI: 3.8, 6.2) in IOWBC and 3.0% (95% CI: 1.9, 4.2) in FAIRBC (p = 0.03, significance threshold after Bonferroni correction p < 0.004). Confirmed cow's milk allergy rate was higher in IOWBC than FAIRBC at 3 years (< 0.001) but not at other time points.

Conclusion: Our data show no evidence of changes in rates of adverse reactions to foods, food sensitisation or food allergy during the first 10 years of life between two cohorts born in England in 1989-1990 and 2001-2002.

Introduction: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been linked to allergic diseases but their effects on sensitisation to allergens in individuals with asthma are unknown. We aimed to identify miRNAs associated with house dust mite (HDM) sensitisation in childhood asthma.

Methods: Serum samples from 1126 children with asthma who participated in the Genetics of Asthma in Costa Rica Study (GACRS) were profiled for 304 miRNAs. We first divided according to HDM sensitisation and then tested whether miRNAs were differentially expressed (DE) between the two groups. Gene enrichment analysis for target genes of the DE miRNAs was then performed to identify potential causal pathways. Replication analysis was performed in the Childhood Asthma Management Program (CAMP), in which expression data of 258 miRNAs in 491 children were available. A mediation analysis was conducted to discern relationships between miRNA and phenotype differences according to HDM sensitisation in GACRS cohort.

Results: There were 906 (80.5%) and 220 (19.5%) subjects in the GACRS HDM+ and HDM- groups. Compared with HDM- participants, those in the HDM+ group were more likely to be severe in variables including pulmonary function, oral corticosteroid use and blood tests. A total of 17 miRNAs were DE (p < 0.05) between the two groups, with miR-642a-3p, let-7c-5p and miR-107 most significantly associated with HDM sensitisation. In CAMP, there were 39 DE miRNAs, and increased expression of miR-107 in HDM+ children was replicated in this cohort. In both GACRS and CAMP, the cadherin-binding pathway was enriched in an analysis of target genes for DE miRNA. In a mediation analysis, miR-107 showed significant indirect effects on eosinophil count and total IgE that were mediated by HDM sensitisation.

Conclusion: In children with asthma, miR-107 is associated with HDM sensitisation. Furthermore, miR-107 was indirectly associated with total IgE and eosinophil count through HDM sensitisation.