{"title":"Inference of evolution of vertebrate genomes and chromosomes from genomic and cytogenetic analyses using amphibians","authors":"Y. Uno","doi":"10.11352/SCR.24.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.24.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72810391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fluorescent chromosome banding in Chamaelirium hisauchianum (Melanthiaceae) with particular focus on the polycentricity","authors":"N. Tanaka","doi":"10.11352/SCR.24.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.24.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76733270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A case of spontaneous translocation between two autosomes of Rumex acetosa","authors":"Y. Iwatsubo","doi":"10.11352/SCR.24.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.24.47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80890930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop with 2n = 20 chromosomes. For assessing irradiation effects, dry seeds of maize were treated with nine different irradiation doses viz., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50kR at BARC, Mumbai. The gamma irradiated seed progenies displayed a wide spectrum of meiotic anomalies, the most being lagging chromosomes, chromosome stickiness, multivalents, unoriented bivalents, bridges and micronuclei. Other aberrations identified include chromosome scattering, univalents, disturbed polarity and precocious chromosome movement. The spectrum of these meiotic aberrations was found higher at metaphase than anaphase/telophase. Also, the frequency of aberrations showed positive correlation with the increasing gamma irradiation dose. In addition, gamma irradiation doses decreased germination and survival percentage as well. The irradiation doses ranging from 20-30kR were found beneficial in producing rapid cytogenetic variations and average lethality which could be beneficial in future cytological and mutation breeding programmes.
{"title":"Assessment of meiotic abnormalities induced by gamma irradiations in Zea mays L. (Poaceae)","authors":"Mushtaq Ahmad Khah, R. Verma, Rakesh Purbiya","doi":"10.11352/SCR.21.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.21.75","url":null,"abstract":"Maize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop with 2n = 20 chromosomes. For assessing irradiation effects, dry seeds of maize were treated with nine different irradiation doses viz., 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 50kR at BARC, Mumbai. The gamma irradiated seed progenies displayed a wide spectrum of meiotic anomalies, the most being lagging chromosomes, chromosome stickiness, multivalents, unoriented bivalents, bridges and micronuclei. Other aberrations identified include chromosome scattering, univalents, disturbed polarity and precocious chromosome movement. The spectrum of these meiotic aberrations was found higher at metaphase than anaphase/telophase. Also, the frequency of aberrations showed positive correlation with the increasing gamma irradiation dose. In addition, gamma irradiation doses decreased germination and survival percentage as well. The irradiation doses ranging from 20-30kR were found beneficial in producing rapid cytogenetic variations and average lethality which could be beneficial in future cytological and mutation breeding programmes.","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89101626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Setiawan, C. Teo, S. Kikuchi, H. Sassa, Kenji Kato, T. Koba
{"title":"Cytogenetic variation among Cucumis accessions revealed by fluorescence in situ hybridization using ribosomal RNA genes as the probes","authors":"A. Setiawan, C. Teo, S. Kikuchi, H. Sassa, Kenji Kato, T. Koba","doi":"10.11352/SCR.21.67","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.21.67","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89271875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Functional analysis of chromosomal proteins and cations on mitotic chromosome structure based on imaging techniques","authors":"H. Takata","doi":"10.11352/SCR.21.55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.21.55","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88302020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Till date, several classical and modern methodological tools had been employed to investigate the phenomenon of cytomixis for developing a clear understand-ing about its occurrence, causes, mechanism, and role in plant evolution. These attempts have succeeded to some extent in modifying general perception about it ever since its discovery. Based on the published literature as well as own work, the authors opined that cytomixis has no correlation with ploidy level/genomic status. Rather, it is the genetic makeup and environmental conditions which are responsible for cytomixis. We also assume that recipient meiocytes adjust to extra chromatin either through exclusion or condensation of chromatin. Other-wise, meiocytes depicted spindle abnormalities leading to gametes with the variable genetic constitution. Such gametes led to the origin of aneuploids/polyploids. High frequency of cytomixis during early stages has a direct correlation with the easier passage of genetic material. In some cases, whole nucleus migration resulted into syncytes which yielded unreduced pollen, leading to the origin of polyploids. Another evolutionary aspect of cytomixis is that it induces high pollen sterility in plants of cold deserts acquiring perennial habits and vegetative modes of propagation. We are of the opinion that like other cytological processes, cytomixis is a natural meiotic aberration of potential evolutionary significance.
{"title":"A new perception about cytomixis: Causes, mechanisms and role","authors":"V. Singhal, Rohit Kumar, Puneet Kumar","doi":"10.11352/SCR.21.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.21.61","url":null,"abstract":"Till date, several classical and modern methodological tools had been employed to investigate the phenomenon of cytomixis for developing a clear understand-ing about its occurrence, causes, mechanism, and role in plant evolution. These attempts have succeeded to some extent in modifying general perception about it ever since its discovery. Based on the published literature as well as own work, the authors opined that cytomixis has no correlation with ploidy level/genomic status. Rather, it is the genetic makeup and environmental conditions which are responsible for cytomixis. We also assume that recipient meiocytes adjust to extra chromatin either through exclusion or condensation of chromatin. Other-wise, meiocytes depicted spindle abnormalities leading to gametes with the variable genetic constitution. Such gametes led to the origin of aneuploids/polyploids. High frequency of cytomixis during early stages has a direct correlation with the easier passage of genetic material. In some cases, whole nucleus migration resulted into syncytes which yielded unreduced pollen, leading to the origin of polyploids. Another evolutionary aspect of cytomixis is that it induces high pollen sterility in plants of cold deserts acquiring perennial habits and vegetative modes of propagation. We are of the opinion that like other cytological processes, cytomixis is a natural meiotic aberration of potential evolutionary significance.","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72625128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"First report of chromosome number and karyotype for Apios fortunei (Leguminosae)","authors":"Kyoko Sato, T. Yamazaki, Y. Iwatsubo","doi":"10.11352/SCR.21.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.21.89","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73635320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromosome translocation in a female with a history of fetal loss and chronic progressive multiple sclerosis","authors":"G. Livingston, J. Petajan, A. Balajee","doi":"10.11352/SCR.20.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.20.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78021321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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