{"title":"Karyotype comparison of Indian and Japanese cucumber cultivars by fluorescence in situ hybridization probed with tandem repeat sequences","authors":"Chi Zhang, S. Kikuchi, T. Koba","doi":"10.11352/SCR.15.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.15.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73682700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karyotype analysis and meiotic behavior in a dioecious cucurbit Coccinia grandis, carrying heteromorphic sex chromosomes, has been carried out using conventional and fluorochrome dyes. Distinct differences in karyotype formula with 15m+4M+2sm+2m: sm+1m: st for male plant and 14m+6M+2sm+2m: st for female plant were observed with orcein staining. In both cases one autosome pair with two constrictions was present. Male plants are seen to possess a heteromorphic Y chromosome with two constrictions which is sufficiently larger than other small sized chromosomes. Giemsa followed by CMA/ DAPI staining through EMA method applied for the first time in this dioecious species, revealed CMApositive signals in different chromosomes. Detailed meiotic analysis has been carried out from diakinesis and metaphase I to establish genomic stability.
{"title":"Chromosome analysis in the dioecious cucurbit Coccinia grandis (L.) Voigt","authors":"B. Bhowmick, T. Jha, S. Jha","doi":"10.11352/SCR.15.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.15.9","url":null,"abstract":"Karyotype analysis and meiotic behavior in a dioecious cucurbit Coccinia grandis, carrying heteromorphic sex chromosomes, has been carried out using conventional and fluorochrome dyes. Distinct differences in karyotype formula with 15m+4M+2sm+2m: sm+1m: st for male plant and 14m+6M+2sm+2m: st for female plant were observed with orcein staining. In both cases one autosome pair with two constrictions was present. Male plants are seen to possess a heteromorphic Y chromosome with two constrictions which is sufficiently larger than other small sized chromosomes. Giemsa followed by CMA/ DAPI staining through EMA method applied for the first time in this dioecious species, revealed CMApositive signals in different chromosomes. Detailed meiotic analysis has been carried out from diakinesis and metaphase I to establish genomic stability.","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75555560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"New chromosome number reports in some Polypetalous species from Kashmir Himalayas","authors":"S. Jeelani, S. Kumari, R. C. Gupta","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78469131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seemanti Ghosh, Anusree Das, Animesh Ghorai, T. Jha
{"title":"Meiotic studies in Musa L. cultivars","authors":"Seemanti Ghosh, Anusree Das, Animesh Ghorai, T. Jha","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.33","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78852999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A total of 111 horticultural cultivars of Farfugium japonicum were studied cytologically and described morphologically for the first time. All 111 cultivars with various unusual morphologies, such as dwarf, rumpled leaves, etc., had 2n=60 chromosomes, which was the same number as in wild plants. Only one individual obtained by tissue culture of the cultivar ‘Yukibeni-botan’ had exceptional chromosome number with 2n=59. In 14 cultivars with 2n=60 chromosomes examined, no abnormal chromosome behavior was observed through the microsporogenesis, and at the meiotic metaphase I, 30 bivalents were observed. Among the flowered 96 individuals in 95 cultivars, seven individuals had no pollen grains, and those having atrophied head, such as “SHISHI” and “KURUMA”, showed relatively low pollen stainabilities, 48.3 and 23.4% in average, respectively, whereas the other cultivars had high stainability (91.3% in average). The 2n=59 somaclonal variant of the cultivar ‘Yukibeni-botan’ showed the lowest stainability (0.3%). These results indicate that horticultural cultivars of F. japonicum are stable diploids from the cytogenetical viewpoint, and that the morphological diversity in the cultivars should not be ascribed to the numerical changes of chromosomes but must have been caused by mutation of gene(s) responsible for morphogenesis.
{"title":"Stable chromosome number in horticultural cultivars of Farfugium japonicum (Asteraceae), with descriptions of their morphological characteristics","authors":"H. Okuno, M. Nakata, M. Mii","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.53","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 111 horticultural cultivars of Farfugium japonicum were studied cytologically and described morphologically for the first time. All 111 cultivars with various unusual morphologies, such as dwarf, rumpled leaves, etc., had 2n=60 chromosomes, which was the same number as in wild plants. Only one individual obtained by tissue culture of the cultivar ‘Yukibeni-botan’ had exceptional chromosome number with 2n=59. In 14 cultivars with 2n=60 chromosomes examined, no abnormal chromosome behavior was observed through the microsporogenesis, and at the meiotic metaphase I, 30 bivalents were observed. Among the flowered 96 individuals in 95 cultivars, seven individuals had no pollen grains, and those having atrophied head, such as “SHISHI” and “KURUMA”, showed relatively low pollen stainabilities, 48.3 and 23.4% in average, respectively, whereas the other cultivars had high stainability (91.3% in average). The 2n=59 somaclonal variant of the cultivar ‘Yukibeni-botan’ showed the lowest stainability (0.3%). These results indicate that horticultural cultivars of F. japonicum are stable diploids from the cytogenetical viewpoint, and that the morphological diversity in the cultivars should not be ascribed to the numerical changes of chromosomes but must have been caused by mutation of gene(s) responsible for morphogenesis.","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85610865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"5S ribosomal DNA cluster of a lynx spider Oxyopes sertatus includes a histone H2B-like gene in the spacer region (NTS)","authors":"Gaku Suzuki, Souichirou Kubota","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73231811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromosome number of Gastrodia javanica (Blume) Lindl., a myco-heterotrophic orchid","authors":"M. Aoyama, M. Yokota","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.39","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74427801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seong-Woo Cho, Takayoshi Ishii, Naoya Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Tanaka, A. E. Eltayeb, H. Tsujimoto
Zebular ine, c yt idine analog is known as DNA methylation inhibitor such as 5-azacytidine and 5-aza2’-deoxycytidine, and it is more stable in aqueous solution than 5-azacytidine and 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine. We investigated effects of zebularine on plant mitotic chromosomes. A wheat disomic addition line carrying a pair of alien chromosomes (Leymus racemosus chromosome l) was treated with zebularine at various concentrations. The alien chromosomes were discriminated from the wheat chromosomes by genomic in situ hybridization, facilitating observation of any rearrangements between the wheat and alien chromosomes. Root growth was obviously inhibited by zebularine because of reduction of the mitotic division cells. Rearrangements such as ring chromosomes, insertions, deletions, and translocations were observed in the treated mitotic chromosomes. The aberrations were increased in a concentration-dependent manner of zebularine.
Zebular ine, c - yidine类似物被称为DNA甲基化抑制剂，如5-氮杂胞苷和5-aza2 ' -脱氧胞苷，在水溶液中比5-氮杂胞苷和5-aza-2 ' -脱氧胞苷更稳定。研究了莪术碱对植物有丝分裂染色体的影响。用不同浓度的莪术碱处理携带一对外源染色体(Leymus racemosus l染色体)的小麦二体附加系。利用基因组原位杂交技术将外来染色体与小麦染色体区分开来，便于观察小麦与外来染色体之间的重排。由于有丝分裂细胞减少，莪术碱对根的生长有明显的抑制作用。在处理的有丝分裂染色体中观察到环染色体、插入、缺失和易位等重排。其像差呈浓度依赖性增加。
{"title":"Effects of the cytidine analogue zebularine on wheat mitotic chromosomes","authors":"Seong-Woo Cho, Takayoshi Ishii, Naoya Matsumoto, Hiroyuki Tanaka, A. E. Eltayeb, H. Tsujimoto","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.23","url":null,"abstract":"Zebular ine, c yt idine analog is known as DNA methylation inhibitor such as 5-azacytidine and 5-aza2’-deoxycytidine, and it is more stable in aqueous solution than 5-azacytidine and 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine. We investigated effects of zebularine on plant mitotic chromosomes. A wheat disomic addition line carrying a pair of alien chromosomes (Leymus racemosus chromosome l) was treated with zebularine at various concentrations. The alien chromosomes were discriminated from the wheat chromosomes by genomic in situ hybridization, facilitating observation of any rearrangements between the wheat and alien chromosomes. Root growth was obviously inhibited by zebularine because of reduction of the mitotic division cells. Rearrangements such as ring chromosomes, insertions, deletions, and translocations were observed in the treated mitotic chromosomes. The aberrations were increased in a concentration-dependent manner of zebularine.","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86072656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Seong-Woo Cho, Yosuke Moritama, Takayoshi Ishii, M. Kishii, Hiroyuki Tanaka, A. E. Eltayeb, H. Tsujimoto
Chromosome relationships in allopolyploid species are either homologous, homoeologous, or non-homologous. To discern the behavior of chromosomes in each of these relationships, we produced double monosomic addition lines (DMAs) of wheat carrying one Leymus racemosus chromosome and one Leymus mollis chromosome in different combinations, and observed the Leymus chromosomes in meiosis by differential genomic in situ hybridization. First we observed the distribution of these alien chromosomes in tetrad cells and measured their homology by an index of their interaction. Values differed greatly among DMAs. We observed prophase to anaphase cells of meiotic division I and elucidated the differences in homology through chromosome behavior in meiosis. A line carrying chromosomes [l] of L. racemosus and [M] of L. mollis formed bivalents in about half of the prophase cells, but these chromosomes became univalent in metaphase because of a lack of chiasmata, and segregated normally to each pole. The chromosomes in the other half of the prophase cells did not associate and behaved randomly from anaphase to tetrads. The DMAs proved useful in studying the homology
{"title":"Homology of two alien chromosomes during meiosis in wheat","authors":"Seong-Woo Cho, Yosuke Moritama, Takayoshi Ishii, M. Kishii, Hiroyuki Tanaka, A. E. Eltayeb, H. Tsujimoto","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.45","url":null,"abstract":"Chromosome relationships in allopolyploid species are either homologous, homoeologous, or non-homologous. To discern the behavior of chromosomes in each of these relationships, we produced double monosomic addition lines (DMAs) of wheat carrying one Leymus racemosus chromosome and one Leymus mollis chromosome in different combinations, and observed the Leymus chromosomes in meiosis by differential genomic in situ hybridization. First we observed the distribution of these alien chromosomes in tetrad cells and measured their homology by an index of their interaction. Values differed greatly among DMAs. We observed prophase to anaphase cells of meiotic division I and elucidated the differences in homology through chromosome behavior in meiosis. A line carrying chromosomes [l] of L. racemosus and [M] of L. mollis formed bivalents in about half of the prophase cells, but these chromosomes became univalent in metaphase because of a lack of chiasmata, and segregated normally to each pole. The chromosomes in the other half of the prophase cells did not associate and behaved randomly from anaphase to tetrads. The DMAs proved useful in studying the homology","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81063696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jiraporn Jiranapapan, S. Kikuchi, B. Manochai, T. Taychasinpitak, Hiroyuki Tanaka, H. Tsujimoto
Although Torenia fournieri (Linderniaceae) and Torenia baillonii carry 2n=18 and 2n=16 chromosomes, respectively, their F1 hybrid showed eight bivalent chromosomes with chiasmata as a result of interspecific pairing and one univalent chromosome from T. fournieri. To elucidate the behavior of the chromosomes in the amphidiploids, we developed a simple method of chromosome doubling by the application of colchicine combined with the induction of adventitious buds in detached leaves. The frequency of polyploid plants was highest (8%) in the treatment with 15 μmol mol colchicine for 2 days. The meiocytes of the amphidiploids showed extent pairing (i.e., the appearance of bivalent and multivalent chromosomes), including intraspecific and interspecific pairings. This result supports the hypothesis that T. fournieri and T. baillonii have eight homologous chromosomes and that T. fournieri possesses an extra chromosome of unknown origin.
{"title":"A simple method of chromosome doubling using colchicine in Torenia (Linderniaceae), and the behavior of meiotic chromosomes in amphidiploids","authors":"Jiraporn Jiranapapan, S. Kikuchi, B. Manochai, T. Taychasinpitak, Hiroyuki Tanaka, H. Tsujimoto","doi":"10.11352/SCR.14.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11352/SCR.14.29","url":null,"abstract":"Although Torenia fournieri (Linderniaceae) and Torenia baillonii carry 2n=18 and 2n=16 chromosomes, respectively, their F1 hybrid showed eight bivalent chromosomes with chiasmata as a result of interspecific pairing and one univalent chromosome from T. fournieri. To elucidate the behavior of the chromosomes in the amphidiploids, we developed a simple method of chromosome doubling by the application of colchicine combined with the induction of adventitious buds in detached leaves. The frequency of polyploid plants was highest (8%) in the treatment with 15 μmol mol colchicine for 2 days. The meiocytes of the amphidiploids showed extent pairing (i.e., the appearance of bivalent and multivalent chromosomes), including intraspecific and interspecific pairings. This result supports the hypothesis that T. fournieri and T. baillonii have eight homologous chromosomes and that T. fournieri possesses an extra chromosome of unknown origin.","PeriodicalId":10221,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87853357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：