Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad1178
Yao Xu, Shu-Wei Huang, Hong-ming Ding, Yu-qiang Ma
Recently, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been extensively investigated as non-viral carriers of nucleic acid vaccines due to their high transport efficiency, safety, and straightforward production and scalability. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the interactions between nucleic acids and phospholipid bilayers within LNPs still remains elusive. In this study, we employed the all-atom molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the interactions between single-stranded nucleic acids and a phospholipid bilayer. Our findings revealed that hydrophilic bases, specifically G in single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), displayed a higher propensity to form hydrogen bonds with phospholipid head groups. Notably, ssRNA exhibited stronger binding energy than ssDNA. Furthermore, divalent ions, particularly Ca2+, facilitated the binding of ssRNA to phospholipids due to their higher binding energy and lower dissociation rate from phospholipids. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nucleic acid-phospholipid interactions, with potential implications for the nucleic acids in biotherapies, particularly in the context of lipid carriers.
{"title":"Molecular dynamics simulations on the interactions between nucleic acids and a phospholipid bilayer","authors":"Yao Xu, Shu-Wei Huang, Hong-ming Ding, Yu-qiang Ma","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad1178","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Recently, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been extensively investigated as non-viral carriers of nucleic acid vaccines due to their high transport efficiency, safety, and straightforward production and scalability. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the interactions between nucleic acids and phospholipid bilayers within LNPs still remains elusive. In this study, we employed the all-atom molecular dynamics simulation to investigate the interactions between single-stranded nucleic acids and a phospholipid bilayer. Our findings revealed that hydrophilic bases, specifically G in single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), displayed a higher propensity to form hydrogen bonds with phospholipid head groups. Notably, ssRNA exhibited stronger binding energy than ssDNA. Furthermore, divalent ions, particularly Ca2+, facilitated the binding of ssRNA to phospholipids due to their higher binding energy and lower dissociation rate from phospholipids. Overall, our study provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nucleic acid-phospholipid interactions, with potential implications for the nucleic acids in biotherapies, particularly in the context of lipid carriers.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138614746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad1177
Yuying Liu, Zhiqiang Zhang
Kinesin-1 motor protein is a homodimer containing two identical motor domains connected together by a common long coiled-coil stalk via two flexible neck linkers. The motor can step on microtubule with a velocity of about 1 μm/s and an attachment duration of about 1 s under the physiological condition. The available experimental data indicated the tradeoff between the velocity and attachment duration under the variation of different experimental conditions, such as the variation of the solution temperature, the variation of the strain between the two motor domains, and so on. However, the underlying mechanism of the tradeoff is unknown. Here, the mechanism is explained by studying theoretically the dynamics of the motor under the variation of different experimental conditions, reproducing quantitatively the available experimental data and providing additional predictions. The origin of the variation of different experimental conditions leading to different decreasing rates of the attachment duration versus velocity is also explained.
{"title":"Origin of tradeoff between movement velocity and attachment duration of kinesin motor on microtubule","authors":"Yuying Liu, Zhiqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad1177","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Kinesin-1 motor protein is a homodimer containing two identical motor domains connected together by a common long coiled-coil stalk via two flexible neck linkers. The motor can step on microtubule with a velocity of about 1 μm/s and an attachment duration of about 1 s under the physiological condition. The available experimental data indicated the tradeoff between the velocity and attachment duration under the variation of different experimental conditions, such as the variation of the solution temperature, the variation of the strain between the two motor domains, and so on. However, the underlying mechanism of the tradeoff is unknown. Here, the mechanism is explained by studying theoretically the dynamics of the motor under the variation of different experimental conditions, reproducing quantitatively the available experimental data and providing additional predictions. The origin of the variation of different experimental conditions leading to different decreasing rates of the attachment duration versus velocity is also explained.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"110 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138622977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad1175
Yanan Zhao, Xiangzhao Meng, Shuting Peng, Guanghui Miao, Yuqiang Gao, Bin Peng, Wanzhao Cui, Zhongqiang Hu
CMOS compatible RF/microwave devices such as filters and amplifiers, have been widely used in wireless communication systems. However, it often exists on secondary electron emission phenomenon among those RF/microwave devices based o silicon (Si) wafers, especially in high-frequency range. In this paper, we have studied the major factors that influence the secondary electron yield (SEY) in commercial Si wafers with different doping concentrations. It shows that SEY is suppressed as the increase of doping concentrations, corresponding to a relatively short effective escape depth λ. Meanwhile, the reduced narrow band gap is beneficial to suppress the SEY by through the first-principles calculations, in which the absence of shallow energy band below the conduction band would easily capture electrons. Thus, the new physical mechanism combined the effective escape depth and band gap, would provide useful guidance for the design of integrated RF/microwave devices based on Si wafers.
{"title":"Physical mechanism of secondary electron emission in Si wafers","authors":"Yanan Zhao, Xiangzhao Meng, Shuting Peng, Guanghui Miao, Yuqiang Gao, Bin Peng, Wanzhao Cui, Zhongqiang Hu","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad1175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad1175","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 CMOS compatible RF/microwave devices such as filters and amplifiers, have been widely used in wireless communication systems. However, it often exists on secondary electron emission phenomenon among those RF/microwave devices based o silicon (Si) wafers, especially in high-frequency range. In this paper, we have studied the major factors that influence the secondary electron yield (SEY) in commercial Si wafers with different doping concentrations. It shows that SEY is suppressed as the increase of doping concentrations, corresponding to a relatively short effective escape depth λ. Meanwhile, the reduced narrow band gap is beneficial to suppress the SEY by through the first-principles calculations, in which the absence of shallow energy band below the conduction band would easily capture electrons. Thus, the new physical mechanism combined the effective escape depth and band gap, would provide useful guidance for the design of integrated RF/microwave devices based on Si wafers.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: Obesity affects adverse outcomes in patients undergoing various surgeries. The study was carried out to assess the clinical association between body mass index and post tonsillectomy hemorrhages.
Materials and methods: This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients, age between 5 and 40 years, admitted in Department of ENT with chronic tonsillitis. Body mass index and post tonsillectomy hemorrhage were evaluated in all patients who underwent surgery. Bleeding episode were categorized according to the Austrian tonsil study.
Results: This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients (adults and children), between December 2021 and November 2022. All patients underwent tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia. It was seen that most of the patients did not have any significant bleeding i.e., Grade A1 (Dry, no clot), and A2 (Clot, but no active bleeding after clot removal) whereas 4 patients (6.7%) had Grade B1 post tonsillectomy hemorrhage (Minimal bleeding requiring minimal intervention by vasoconstriction using adrenaline swab). Post tonsillectomy hemorrhage was seen more in adults. Post tonsillectomy bleeding of Grade B1 was recored in 28.6% of underweight patients, 8% of normal weight patients and no significant bleeding occurred in any of the overweight and obese patients (p-value 0.256).
Conclusion: Overweight and obesity (higher BMI) did not increase the risk of post tonsillectomy hemorrhage in either children or adults.
{"title":"Effect of Body Mass Index on Post Tonsillectomy Hemorrhages.","authors":"Sankalp Keshari, Shivendra Pratap Singh, Sachin Jain, Arvind Singh Niranjan, Pramod Kumar, Bhavishya Kumar Patel","doi":"10.1007/s12070-023-04060-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12070-023-04060-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Obesity affects adverse outcomes in patients undergoing various surgeries. The study was carried out to assess the clinical association between body mass index and post tonsillectomy hemorrhages.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients, age between 5 and 40 years, admitted in Department of ENT with chronic tonsillitis. Body mass index and post tonsillectomy hemorrhage were evaluated in all patients who underwent surgery. Bleeding episode were categorized according to the Austrian tonsil study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This prospective study was carried out on 60 patients (adults and children), between December 2021 and November 2022. All patients underwent tonsillectomy under general anaesthesia. It was seen that most of the patients did not have any significant bleeding i.e., Grade A1 (Dry, no clot), and A2 (Clot, but no active bleeding after clot removal) whereas 4 patients (6.7%) had Grade B1 post tonsillectomy hemorrhage (Minimal bleeding requiring minimal intervention by vasoconstriction using adrenaline swab). Post tonsillectomy hemorrhage was seen more in adults. Post tonsillectomy bleeding of Grade B1 was recored in 28.6% of underweight patients, 8% of normal weight patients and no significant bleeding occurred in any of the overweight and obese patients (p-value 0.256).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overweight and obesity (higher BMI) did not increase the risk of post tonsillectomy hemorrhage in either children or adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"31 1","pages":"3585-3589"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10645914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82890328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad117b
Ren Han, Ting Li, Zhipeng Chi, Hui Yang, Ran Li
In this paper, numerical simulation is employed to investigate the initial state of avalanche in polydisperse particle systems. Nucleation and propagation processes are illustrated for pentadisperse and triadisperse particle systems, respectively. In these processes, particles involved in the avalanche grow slowly in the early stage and explosively in the later stage, which is clearly different from the continuous and steady growth trend in monodisperse system. By examining the avalanche propagation, the number growth of particles involved in the avalanche and the slope of the number growth, the initial state can be divided into three stages: T1(nucleation stage), T2 (propagation stage), T3(overall avalanche stage). We focus on the characteristics of the avalanche in T2 stage, and find that propagation distances increase almost linearly in both axial and radial directions in polydisperse systems. We also consider the distribution characteristics of the average coordination number and average velocity for the moving particles. The results support that the polydisperse particle systems are more stable in T2 stage.
{"title":"Numerical Simulation for Initial State of Avalanche in Polydisperse Particle Systems","authors":"Ren Han, Ting Li, Zhipeng Chi, Hui Yang, Ran Li","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad117b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad117b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this paper, numerical simulation is employed to investigate the initial state of avalanche in polydisperse particle systems. Nucleation and propagation processes are illustrated for pentadisperse and triadisperse particle systems, respectively. In these processes, particles involved in the avalanche grow slowly in the early stage and explosively in the later stage, which is clearly different from the continuous and steady growth trend in monodisperse system. By examining the avalanche propagation, the number growth of particles involved in the avalanche and the slope of the number growth, the initial state can be divided into three stages: T1(nucleation stage), T2 (propagation stage), T3(overall avalanche stage). We focus on the characteristics of the avalanche in T2 stage, and find that propagation distances increase almost linearly in both axial and radial directions in polydisperse systems. We also consider the distribution characteristics of the average coordination number and average velocity for the moving particles. The results support that the polydisperse particle systems are more stable in T2 stage.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138618828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad117c
Yikai Ma, Na Li, Wei Chen
Quantitative examination of cellular motion and intercellullar interactions possesses substantial relevance for both biology and medicine. However, the effects of intercellular interactions during cellular locomotion remain under-explored in experimental research. As such, this study seeks to bridge this research gap, adopting Dictyostelium discoideum (Dicty) cells as a paradigm to investigate variations in cellular motion during reciprocal collisions. We aim to attain a comprehensive understanding of how cell interactions influence cell motion. By observing and processing the motion trajectories of colliding cells under diverse chemical environments, we calculated the diffusion coefficient (D) and the persistence time (τ), using mean square displacement. Our analysis of the relationship dynamics between D and τ prior to the collisions reveals intricate and non-monotonic alterations in cell movements during collisions. By quantitatively scrutinizing the τ trend, we were able to categorize the cellular responses to interactions under different conditions. Importantly, we ascertained that the effect of cell interactions during collisions in Dicty cells emulates a classical sigmoid function. This discovery suggests that cellular responses might comply with a pattern akin to the Weber-Fechner law.
{"title":"Characteristics of cell motility during cell collision","authors":"Yikai Ma, Na Li, Wei Chen","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad117c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad117c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Quantitative examination of cellular motion and intercellullar interactions possesses substantial relevance for both biology and medicine. However, the effects of intercellular interactions during cellular locomotion remain under-explored in experimental research. As such, this study seeks to bridge this research gap, adopting Dictyostelium discoideum (Dicty) cells as a paradigm to investigate variations in cellular motion during reciprocal collisions. We aim to attain a comprehensive understanding of how cell interactions influence cell motion. By observing and processing the motion trajectories of colliding cells under diverse chemical environments, we calculated the diffusion coefficient (D) and the persistence time (τ), using mean square displacement. Our analysis of the relationship dynamics between D and τ prior to the collisions reveals intricate and non-monotonic alterations in cell movements during collisions. By quantitatively scrutinizing the τ trend, we were able to categorize the cellular responses to interactions under different conditions. Importantly, we ascertained that the effect of cell interactions during collisions in Dicty cells emulates a classical sigmoid function. This discovery suggests that cellular responses might comply with a pattern akin to the Weber-Fechner law.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":" 90","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138613490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad1174
She-Xiang Jiang, Yang Li, Jin Shi, Ru Zhang
This paper explores a double quantum images representation (DNEQR) model that allows for simultaneous storage of two digital images in a quantum superposition state. Additionally, a new type of two-dimensional hyperchaotic system based on Sine and Logistic maps is investigated, offering a wider parameter space and better chaotic behavior compared to the Sine and Logistic maps. Based on the DNEQR model and the hyperchaotic system, a double quantum images encryption algorithm is proposed. Firstly, two classical plaintext images are transformed into quantum states using the DNEQR model. Then, the proposed hyperchaotic system is employed to iteratively generate pseudo-random sequences. These chaotic sequences are utilized to perform pixel value and position operations on the quantum image, resulting in changes to both pixel values and positions. Finally, the ciphertext image can be obtained by qubit-level diffusion using two XOR operations between the position permutated image and the pseudo-random sequences. The corresponding quantum circuits are also given. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme ensures the security of the images during transmission, improves the encryption efficiency, and enhances anti-interference and anti-attack capabilities.
{"title":"Double quantum images encryption scheme based on chaotic system","authors":"She-Xiang Jiang, Yang Li, Jin Shi, Ru Zhang","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad1174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad1174","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper explores a double quantum images representation (DNEQR) model that allows for simultaneous storage of two digital images in a quantum superposition state. Additionally, a new type of two-dimensional hyperchaotic system based on Sine and Logistic maps is investigated, offering a wider parameter space and better chaotic behavior compared to the Sine and Logistic maps. Based on the DNEQR model and the hyperchaotic system, a double quantum images encryption algorithm is proposed. Firstly, two classical plaintext images are transformed into quantum states using the DNEQR model. Then, the proposed hyperchaotic system is employed to iteratively generate pseudo-random sequences. These chaotic sequences are utilized to perform pixel value and position operations on the quantum image, resulting in changes to both pixel values and positions. Finally, the ciphertext image can be obtained by qubit-level diffusion using two XOR operations between the position permutated image and the pseudo-random sequences. The corresponding quantum circuits are also given. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed scheme ensures the security of the images during transmission, improves the encryption efficiency, and enhances anti-interference and anti-attack capabilities.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"29 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138623853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad0ccc
Hong Liang, Haoyuan Song, Yubo Li, Di Yu, Shufang Fu
We investigated the spin splitting of vortex beam on the surface of biaxial natural hyperbolic materials (NHMs) rotated by an angle with respect to the incident plane. An obvious asymmetry of spatial shifts produced by the left-handed circularly (LCP) component and right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) component is exhibited. We derived the analytical expression for in- and out-of-plane spatial shifts for each spin component of the vortex beam. The orientation angle of the optical axis plays a key role in the spin splitting between the two spin components, which can be reflected in the simple expressions for spatial shifts without the rotation angle. Based on an α-MoO3 biaxial NHM, the spatial shifts of the two spin components with the topological charge were investigated. As the topological charge increases, the spatial shifts also increase; in addition, a tiny spatial shift close to zero can be obtained if we control the incident frequency or the polarization of the reflected beams. It can also be concluded that the maximum of the spin splitting results from the LCP component at p-incidence and the RCP component at s-incidence in the RB-II hyperbolic frequency band. The effect of the incident angle and the thickness of the α-MoO3 film on spin splitting is also considered. These results can be used for manipulating infrared radiation and optical detection.
我们研究了相对于入射平面旋转一个角度的双轴天然双曲材料（NHMs）表面上涡旋束的自旋分裂。左手圆偏振（LCP）分量和右手圆偏振（RCP）分量产生的空间偏移具有明显的不对称性。我们推导出了涡旋光束各自旋分量平面内和平面外空间偏移的分析表达式。光轴的取向角在两个自旋分量之间的自旋分裂中起着关键作用，这可以反映在没有旋转角的空间位移简单表达式中。基于 α-MoO3 双轴 NHM，研究了两个自旋分量随拓扑电荷的空间位移。随着拓扑电荷的增加，空间位移也随之增加；此外，如果我们控制入射频率或反射光束的偏振，还可以获得接近零的微小空间位移。还可以得出这样的结论：在 RB-II 双曲线频段中，自旋分裂的最大值来自于 p 入射时的 LCP 分量和 s 入射时的 RCP 分量。此外，还考虑了入射角和 α-MoO3 薄膜厚度对自旋分裂的影响。这些结果可用于操纵红外辐射和光学探测。
{"title":"Spin splitting of vortex beams on the surface of natural biaxial hyperbolic materials","authors":"Hong Liang, Haoyuan Song, Yubo Li, Di Yu, Shufang Fu","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad0ccc","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad0ccc","url":null,"abstract":"We investigated the spin splitting of vortex beam on the surface of biaxial natural hyperbolic materials (NHMs) rotated by an angle with respect to the incident plane. An obvious asymmetry of spatial shifts produced by the left-handed circularly (LCP) component and right-handed circularly polarized (RCP) component is exhibited. We derived the analytical expression for in- and out-of-plane spatial shifts for each spin component of the vortex beam. The orientation angle of the optical axis plays a key role in the spin splitting between the two spin components, which can be reflected in the simple expressions for spatial shifts without the rotation angle. Based on an <italic toggle=\"yes\">α</italic>-MoO<sub>3</sub> biaxial NHM, the spatial shifts of the two spin components with the topological charge were investigated. As the topological charge increases, the spatial shifts also increase; in addition, a tiny spatial shift close to zero can be obtained if we control the incident frequency or the polarization of the reflected beams. It can also be concluded that the maximum of the spin splitting results from the LCP component at p-incidence and the RCP component at s-incidence in the RB-II hyperbolic frequency band. The effect of the incident angle and the thickness of the <italic toggle=\"yes\">α</italic>-MoO<sub>3</sub> film on spin splitting is also considered. These results can be used for manipulating infrared radiation and optical detection.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"261 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138682534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad1172
L. Lai, Zhao Li
Time-periodic driving has been an effective tool in the field of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics, which enables precise control of the particle interactions. In this work, we investigate the collective emission of particles from a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice with periodic drives that are separate in modulation amplitudes and relative phases. In addition to the enhancement of particle emission, we find that amplitude imbalances lead to energy shift and band broadening, while typical relative phases may give rise to similar gaps. These results offer insights into the specific manipulations of nonequilibrium quantum systems with tone-varying drives.
{"title":"Effects of drive imbalance on the particle emission from a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice","authors":"L. Lai, Zhao Li","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad1172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad1172","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Time-periodic driving has been an effective tool in the field of nonequilibrium quantum dynamics, which enables precise control of the particle interactions. In this work, we investigate the collective emission of particles from a Bose-Einstein condensate in a one-dimensional lattice with periodic drives that are separate in modulation amplitudes and relative phases. In addition to the enhancement of particle emission, we find that amplitude imbalances lead to energy shift and band broadening, while typical relative phases may give rise to similar gaps. These results offer insights into the specific manipulations of nonequilibrium quantum systems with tone-varying drives.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/ad0cd0
Xingqian Chen, Yan Wang, Wei Chen, Yaoping Liu, Guoguang Xing, Bowen Feng, Haozhen Li, Zongheng Sun, Xiaolong Du
Silicon passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) solar cells with V-groove texture were fabricated using maskless alkaline solution etching with in-house developed additive. Compared with the traditional pyramid texture, the V-groove texture possesses superior effective minority carrier lifetime, enhanced p–n junction quality and better applied filling factor (FF). In addition, a V-groove texture can greatly reduce the shading area and edge damage of front Ag electrodes when the V-groove direction is parallel to the gridline electrodes. Due to these factors, the V-groove solar cells have a higher efficiency (21.78%) than pyramid solar cells (21.62%). Interestingly, external quantum efficiency (EQE) and reflectance of the V-groove solar cells exhibit a slight decrease when the incident light angle (θ) is increased from 0° to 75°, which confirms the excellent quasi omnidirectionality of the V-groove solar cells. The proposed V-groove solar cell design shows a 2.84% relative enhancement of energy output over traditional pyramid solar cells.
利用无掩模碱性溶液蚀刻技术和自主开发的添加剂，制造出了具有 V 型沟槽纹理的硅钝化发射极和后触点（PERC）太阳能电池。与传统的金字塔纹理相比，V 形槽纹理具有更长的有效少数载流子寿命、更高的 p-n 结质量和更好的应用填充因子 (FF)。此外，当 V 形槽方向与栅线电极平行时，V 形槽纹理可大大减少正面 Ag 电极的阴影面积和边缘损伤。由于这些因素，V 形槽太阳能电池的效率（21.78%）高于金字塔太阳能电池（21.62%）。有趣的是，当入射光角度（θ）从 0°增加到 75°时，V 形槽太阳能电池的外部量子效率（EQE）和反射率略有下降，这证实了 V 形槽太阳能电池具有出色的准全向性。与传统的金字塔形太阳能电池相比，拟议的 V 形槽太阳能电池设计的能量输出相对提高了 2.84%。
{"title":"Maskless fabrication of quasi-omnidirectional V-groove solar cells using an alkaline solution-based method","authors":"Xingqian Chen, Yan Wang, Wei Chen, Yaoping Liu, Guoguang Xing, Bowen Feng, Haozhen Li, Zongheng Sun, Xiaolong Du","doi":"10.1088/1674-1056/ad0cd0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-1056/ad0cd0","url":null,"abstract":"Silicon passivated emitter and rear contact (PERC) solar cells with V-groove texture were fabricated using maskless alkaline solution etching with in-house developed additive. Compared with the traditional pyramid texture, the V-groove texture possesses superior effective minority carrier lifetime, enhanced p–n junction quality and better applied filling factor (FF). In addition, a V-groove texture can greatly reduce the shading area and edge damage of front Ag electrodes when the V-groove direction is parallel to the gridline electrodes. Due to these factors, the V-groove solar cells have a higher efficiency (21.78%) than pyramid solar cells (21.62%). Interestingly, external quantum efficiency (EQE) and reflectance of the V-groove solar cells exhibit a slight decrease when the incident light angle (<italic toggle=\"yes\">θ</italic>) is increased from 0° to 75°, which confirms the excellent quasi omnidirectionality of the V-groove solar cells. The proposed V-groove solar cell design shows a 2.84% relative enhancement of energy output over traditional pyramid solar cells.","PeriodicalId":10253,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Physics B","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139056569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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